CN213903824U - Earth and rockfill dam leakage diagnosis device based on transient electromagnetic method - Google Patents
Earth and rockfill dam leakage diagnosis device based on transient electromagnetic method Download PDFInfo
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- CN213903824U CN213903824U CN202022877277.6U CN202022877277U CN213903824U CN 213903824 U CN213903824 U CN 213903824U CN 202022877277 U CN202022877277 U CN 202022877277U CN 213903824 U CN213903824 U CN 213903824U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an earth and rockfill dam leakage diagnosis device based on transient electromagnetic method, include the coil brace that closes by a, b, c and d limit and constitute, coil brace b limit and d limit structure are symmetrical to be set up, have hollow structure and from outside to inboard in hollow structure in b limit have bracing piece and guide bar in proper order, bracing piece one end is installed in b limit hollow structure through the dead lever rotation, the bracing piece can rotate around the dead lever and can reciprocate on the dead lever, the dead lever can reciprocate along b limit hollow structure length direction; the guide rod is arranged above the support rod, and one end of the guide rod is rotatably arranged on the side b through the rotating mechanism; the side c is provided with a hollow structure and is rotatably provided with a rotating rod; a dragging mechanism for dragging the coil bracket to move is arranged on the side a; a transmitting coil and a receiving coil are arranged on the inner side of the coil support; the transmitting coil, the receiving coil, the guide rod and the rotating rod are fixed on a plane through fixing pieces.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an earth and rockfill dam hidden danger explores technical field, specifically is an earth and rockfill dam seepage diagnostic device and based on transient electromagnetic method.
Background
The dam is the most common water retaining building of water storage facilities such as a reservoir, a river channel, a ditch, a polder and the like, and along with the continuous promotion of the work of a hydraulic engineering short-distance compensation plate, the treatment of the leakage hidden trouble of the dam becomes the key for restricting the standardization of the reservoir dam. In order to ensure the safe operation of the reservoir, various forms such as daily, pre-flood, annual and special inspection and the like are carried out on the hydraulic engineering, and the inspection method mainly comprises visual methods such as eye-watching, ear-listening, hand touching, nose smelling, foot stepping and the like, or simple tool equipment such as a hammer, a drill rod, a steel tape, a magnifying glass, litmus paper and the like are assisted to inspect the surface and abnormal phenomena of the engineering. However, the hidden trouble of the leakage of the reservoir dam is hidden in space and has variability in time, only sections such as leakage damage and the like can be detected by adopting a conventional observation mode, and the damage to the interior of the dam which is happening or is about to happen can not be done.
At present, the search of the leakage hidden danger of the reservoir dam is mainly divided into two types of means of loss and no damage, the loss means mainly adopts manual drilling to drill and sample the dam, and whether a leakage weak area exists is deduced by analyzing the properties of a sample rock-soil body and the conditions of water injection and water compression tests in a drilled hole, the means can directly reveal the structure and the characteristics of the rock-soil body, but the arrangement of the drilled hole has certain randomness, whether the leakage weak area can be locked to the hidden danger area or not can have certain contingency, and the dam is damaged to a certain extent; the resistivity method is the most important geophysical detection means in the detection of leakage hidden danger, and because the leakage weak region has obvious low resistance effect compared with surrounding media, the spatial position information of the hidden trouble body, such as burial depth, scale, form and the like, can be intuitively and efficiently revealed by using the resistivity testing means, but along with the continuous aggravation of the surface hardening phenomenon of reservoir dams (dam surfaces of concrete, rock blocks, precast blocks and the like), the arrangement of power supply and measuring electrodes in the resistivity method becomes a difficult problem in engineering. It should be noted that, in the process of building a dam, limited by conditions such as historical conditions, technical means and economic levels, the contact position between the dam filling and the mountain rock base is a region with hidden danger of leakage, the steep mountain bodies on both sides result in limited layout space of the measuring lines, the test means such as a high-density electrical method have certain blind areas on the position, and the common conduction type electrical method is difficult to identify the hidden danger due to the high-resistance shielding effect of the mountain rock bodies.
The Transient Electromagnetic Method (TEM) is an induction time domain electromagnetic method, which transmits a primary field pulse signal to the underground through an ungrounded loop or a grounded electrode, collects secondary fields from different underground moments by using a ground receiving coil in the intermittent period of a periodic signal, and infers the distribution of geological media by analyzing induced electromotive force signals at different moments. The technology has the advantages of no need of mounting electrodes, high detection efficiency, low resistance sensitivity and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of mine water damage detection, advanced tunnel prediction, metal mineral exploration and the like. However, the reservoir dam has a unique structure, the space of the dam is limited, large-size coils are difficult to be applied to reservoir dam hidden danger detection, dam leakage is of various types such as a dam body, a dam foundation and dam-winding leakage, the adjustment of the normal direction of the coils along with the position of a leakage point needs to be considered, and how to implement an appropriate detection system for the position of the hidden danger becomes the key of the problem.
The current transient electromagnetism mainly adopts big coil in the detection of earth and rockfill dam, has shallow layer blind area big, and is inconsistent with the actual size of dam to it is inconvenient to use and is difficult to the nimble detection of dam abutment different positions.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at solving reservoir dam place space limited, dam crest and dam slope and adopting the sclerosis protection to handle the problem, consider the space positioning information variable scheduling factor of position, buried depth, scope of seepage passageway, provide an earth and rockfill dam seepage diagnostic device and application method based on transient electromagnetism.
A seepage diagnosis device for an earth and rockfill dam based on a transient electromagnetic method comprises a coil support formed by enclosing a side a, a side b, a side c and a side d, wherein the side b and the side d of the coil support are symmetrically arranged, the side b of the coil support is provided with a hollow structure, a support rod and a guide rod are sequentially arranged in the hollow structure from the outer side to the inner side, one end of the support rod is rotatably installed in the hollow structure at the side b of the coil support through a fixed rod, the support rod can rotate around the fixed rod and can move back and forth on the fixed rod, and the fixed rod can move back and forth along the length direction of the hollow structure at the side b of the coil support; the guide rod is arranged above the support rod, and one end of the guide rod is rotatably arranged on the side b of the coil bracket through the rotating mechanism; the coil bracket c is also internally provided with a hollow structure and is internally and rotatably provided with a rotating rod; a dragging mechanism for dragging the coil support to move is arranged at the edge of the coil support a; a transmitting coil and a receiving coil are arranged on the inner side of the coil support; the transmitting coil, the receiving coil, the guide rod and the rotating rod are fixed on a plane through fixing pieces.
Preferably, a plurality of marks are arranged on the guide rod, the support rod supports the corresponding mark positions, and the angle between the guide rod and the ground can be adjusted.
Preferably, the fixing rod is arranged away from the rotating mechanism; the end of the support rod is provided with a semicircular ring, and the fixing rod penetrates through the semicircular ring.
Preferably, the rotating mechanism comprises a small pulley and a bearing; the lower part of one end of the guide rod is connected with a small pulley which is fixed on a bearing, the bearing is arranged on the coil support, and the guide rod can rotate in the direction of 0-90 degrees through the small pulley.
Preferably, a level gauge is installed on the surface of the edge a of the coil support, and a layer of wear-resistant plastic is fixed on the periphery of the lower surface of the coil support.
Preferably, a cushion block is further installed in the hollow structure at the side b of the coil support and below the guide rod, and is used for supporting the horizontal placement of the guide rod.
Preferably, the dragging mechanism comprises a dragging rope, and two ends of the dragging rope are fixed on the edge of the coil bracket a through a dragging circular ring. Preferably, the earth and rockfill dam leakage diagnosis device further comprises a transient electromagnetic host, wherein the transmitting coil is connected with the transient electromagnetic host through a transmitting cable, and the receiving coil is connected with the transient electromagnetic host through a receiving cable; the electromagnetic host is connected with the data control platform through a wireless transmitter.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a use method of the earth and rockfill dam leakage diagnosis device,
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: leakage investigation
(1) Three persons responsible for visiting the reservoir dam and surrounding villagers know engineering data of the reservoir construction period, including the source of dam filling materials, the dam type, whether the dam foundation of the dam is bedrock or not and whether abnormal phenomena exist in the construction process or not;
(2) collecting historical data of reservoir reinforcement over the years, including safety identification, engineering geological survey, danger removal reinforcement design and construction data;
(3) carrying out site reconnaissance on the reservoir, and investigating the spatial position of a leakage point, the turbidity of a water body, the apparent characteristics of a dam and the relation between the leakage amount and the reservoir water level;
(4) integrating the survey data into a reservoir dam database;
step 2: hidden danger detection
(1) When the leakage characteristic shows that the dam body and the dam foundation leak, the earth-rock dam leakage diagnosis device is arranged on the seepage-proof section of the dam crest of the dam; during detection, marking the top of the dam from left to right at intervals of 1m by taking a distance of 0.5m from the left dam head as a starting point; the central point of the coil support is coincided with the starting point of the measuring line, so that the coil is ensured to be in a horizontal state, the transmitting coil is connected with the transient electromagnetic host through the transmitting cable, the receiving coil is connected with the transient electromagnetic host through the receiving cable, the transient electromagnetic host is connected with the data control platform through a wireless transmitter appointed by a network, the number of turns of the transmitting and receiving coil, the transmitting frequency, the transmitting current, the superposition times and the measurement mode parameters are adjusted on the data control platform, and after the parameters are set and received, the data control platform sends an acquisition command to the transient electromagnetic host and recovers secondary field signals acquired in the transient electromagnetic host; after the acquisition of a single measuring point is finished, sequentially moving the position of the device according to the distance of 1m, and acquiring and recovering data by each measuring point on the measuring line, so that induced electromotive force signals of different positions of the dam on a single section can be obtained;
(2) when the leakage characteristic shows leakage around the dam, the earth-rock dam leakage diagnosis device is arranged on the dam head closest to the leakage point; during detection, a coil support is horizontally placed at the position of a dam head of a dam, a level gauge on the coil support is ensured to be in a horizontal state, a transmitting coil is connected with a transient electromagnetic host through a transmitting cable, a receiving coil is connected with the transient electromagnetic host through a receiving cable, the transient electromagnetic host is connected with a data control platform through a wireless sensor appointed by a network, the number of turns of the transmitting and receiving coil, the transmitting frequency, the transmitting current, the superposition times and measurement mode parameters are adjusted on the data control platform, and after the parameters are set and received, the data control platform sends an acquisition command to the transient electromagnetic host and recovers secondary field signals acquired in the transient electromagnetic host; after the horizontal signals of the coils are acquired, the support rods are used for supporting the marked positions of the guide rods, the angles between the guide rods and the horizontal plane can be adjusted to be 15 degrees, so that the plane normal directions of the guide rods are controlled to point to the dam abutment position, the data control platform sends acquisition commands to the transient electromagnetic host, secondary field signals acquired in the transient electromagnetic host are recovered, the angles between the guide rods and the ground are sequentially adjusted to be 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 90 degrees, each measuring point on a measuring line finishes data acquisition and recovery, and induced electromotive force signals of different directions of the dam abutment on a single section can be acquired;
(3) after the dam crest detection in the step 1) and the step 2) is finished, when the leakage characteristics show that the dam body and the dam foundation leak, the earth-rock dam leakage diagnosis device can arrange detection measuring lines in the longitudinal direction of the dam at different elevations of the back water slope, and the level of a coil is ensured when measuring points on each measuring line are detected, so that induced electromotive force signals at different elevations and different positions are finally obtained; when the leakage characteristic shows leakage around the dam, the measuring lines can be transversely provided with detection measuring points at different elevations along the dam, the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are kept to rotate in 5 directions during each detection, and the coil support is ensured to be horizontal when the angle of the coil is changed;
(4) the number of the dam longitudinal detection measuring lines is more than 3, the number of the dam transverse measuring line measuring points is more than 3, and each measuring point at least measures more than 3 angles;
and step 3: leakage discrimination
(1) When the leakage characteristic shows that the dam body and the dam foundation are leaked, the data of each measuring point on each measuring line are processed in a combined mode through water conservancy transient electromagnetic matching software, the processing flow comprises data importing, channel parameter modification, interference correction and apparent resistivity mapping, and therefore a measuring point-voltage curve graph and an apparent resistivity profile of each measuring line are obtained;
determining leakage abnormity in the horizontal direction according to the change characteristics of the measuring point-voltage curve graph;
according to the change characteristics of the apparent resistivity profile, determining leakage abnormity in the vertical direction, and circling spatial position information such as the range, the burial depth, the trend and the like of a comprehensive low-resistance abnormal region;
the combined three-dimensional imaging is carried out on the apparent resistivity profiles on the plurality of measuring lines, the false abnormality of a single measuring line is effectively eliminated, and the leakage investigation data is combined, so that the spatial distribution area of the leakage channel is outlined, and a target area is provided for further treatment of the hidden danger of the reservoir dam;
(2) when the leakage characteristics show dam abutment leakage, the water conservancy transient electromagnetic matching software is used for carrying out combined processing on the data of each angle point on each measuring point, and the processing flow comprises data importing, channel parameter modification, interference correction and apparent resistivity mapping, so that an angle-voltage curve graph and an apparent resistivity profile of each measuring point are obtained;
determining leakage abnormality at each measurement angle according to the change characteristics of the angle-voltage curve graph;
determining leakage abnormity along the angle direction according to the change characteristics of the apparent resistivity profile, and circling the range, burial depth and trend spatial position information of the comprehensive low-resistance abnormal region;
the combined three-dimensional imaging is carried out on the apparent resistivity profiles at a plurality of angle points, the false abnormality of a single angle point is effectively eliminated, and the reservoir dam database is combined, so that the spatial distribution area of the leakage channel is outlined, and a target area is provided for further treatment of reservoir dam hidden danger.
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained as follows:
the invention improves the direction and the type of the transient electromagnetic coil aiming at the position of the hidden danger of the reservoir dam, provides a field test and interpretation method, and is mainly applied to the exploration of the hidden danger of the reservoir dam, the levee, the hillside pond, the sea pond and the urban road.
The transient electromagnetic-based earth and rockfill dam hidden danger detection device has the characteristics of convenience in installation, convenience in carrying, flexibility in testing and the like, realizes the emission and the reception of electromagnetic fields of dam tops, dam slopes and other occasions, and can adjust the detection direction of the coil according to the change of the leakage point position of the dam abutment joint. When the potential leakage hazard of the reservoir dam is caused, a transmitting wire and a receiving antenna are connected with a transient electromagnetic host by using a cable, parameters such as the number of turns of a transmitting coil, transmitting frequency, transmitting current, superposition times, a measurement mode and the like are adjusted, induced electromotive force signals at different depths in the dam are collected, after the collection of a single measuring point is finished, the positions of devices are sequentially moved according to a stipulated interval, the induced electromotive force signals of different positions of the dam on a single section can be obtained, when the acquisition of all points on the measuring line is completed, the data processing platform obtains a time-induced electromotive force curve chart and a apparent resistivity profile map after processing a secondary field data volume recovered according to a certain network protocol, finally deduces the cause of dam leakage and the distribution characteristics of leakage weak zones by combining dam geological data and operation monitoring data, and provides a targeted area for earth-rock dam leakage processing.
An earth and rockfill dam leakage diagnosis device based on a transient electromagnetic method comprises a drag rope 2, a coil support 4, a coil, a cable, a transient electromagnetic host, a data control platform and the like.
The towing rope 2 is a nylon braided rope with good wear resistance, the head end and the tail end of the towing rope are fixed on the traction circular ring 3 of the coil support, the traction circular ring 3 is symmetrically distributed with the center of the coil, and the towing rope 2 is sleeved with a high-pressure-resistant hard glass fiber hollow circular pipe 1 (25 mm outside and 19mm inside and 0.2m long); during field detection, after the hollow circular tube 1 is adjusted to the proper position of the dragging rope, the coil support 4 can be moved on the surface of the dam by holding the hollow circular tube;
the coil support 4 is a square plastic square frame (comprising sides a, b, c and d), each side of the coil support is 58cm long, 3.5cm wide and 3.5cm high, and wear-resistant plastic with the thickness of 0.5cm is arranged at the bottom between the coils and used for prolonging the service life of the coil support in the process of using the ground for a long time;
the side a of the coil support 4 mainly controls the traction direction and speed of the coil, and a traction ring 3 is arranged on the side a of the coil support;
the structures of the sides b and d of the coil support 4 are the same and are symmetrically arranged, and for simplicity of description, only the structure of the side d of the coil support is described as follows: the coil support 4 is characterized in that a hollow structure is arranged inside the d side of the coil support 4, a support rod 5 and a guide rod 6 are sequentially arranged in the hollow structure of the d side of the coil support 4 from the outer side to the inner side, the support rod 5 is a cuboid, the length of the support rod 5 is 20.5cm, the width of the support rod is 1cm, the height of the support rod is 1cm, one end of the support rod 5 is a semicircular ring 7 taking 0.5cm as the radius, the center of the semicircular ring penetrates through a fixed rod 8, the length of the fixed rod 8 is 3.5cm, and the support rod 5 can transversely move on the fixed rod 8; the fixed rod 8 penetrates through the semicircular ring 7, and two ends of the fixed rod are arranged in a hollow structure on the d side in the coil support and can move along the length direction of the coil support; the inner side of the hollow structure at the side d of the coil support is also provided with a guide rod 6, and the guide rod 6 is positioned above the support rod 5, as shown in fig. 3. The guide rod 6 is a cuboid with the length of 50cm, the width of 1cm and the height of 1cm, a small pulley 11 is arranged at the lower part of one end of the guide rod 6, the small pulley 11 is fixed on a bearing 10, and the guide rod 6 can vertically rotate at an angle of 0-90 degrees through the small pulley 11; and a cushion block 12 is arranged at the lower part of the middle part of the guide rod 6 and used for supporting the guide rod to keep horizontal.
The coil comprises a transmitting coil and a receiving coil, and the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are bundled into a whole;
and a rotating rod is arranged on the c side of the coil support and used for fixing the transmitting coil and the receiving coil, and two ends of the rotating rod 13 are connected with the fixed shaft 14.
The guide rod 6 and the rotating rod 13 on the coil support 4 are fixed on a plane together with the transmitting coil 15 and the receiving coil 16 through binding strips 23.
The data control platform 21 controls the transient electromagnetic host 20 by wireless transmission, when data starts to be collected, the data control platform 21 sends a collection command to the transient electromagnetic host 20 according to a certain protocol, when the data collection is finished, the data control platform recovers a data file to the transient electromagnetic host, the data processing platform and the transient electromagnetic host transmit signals in real time, the collected transient electromagnetic data can be displayed in time, and therefore the data quality is evaluated;
the transient electromagnetic coil is fixed among the coils of the b side, the c side and the d side, the transmitting coil 15 is connected with the transient electromagnetic host 20 through a transmitting cable, and the receiving coil 16 is connected with the transient electromagnetic host 20 through a receiving cable;
a level gauge 22 is arranged on the surface of the side a of the coil support 4, so that the level condition of the coil support in the measurement process can be detected;
the height of the support rod 5 is lower than that of the guide rod 6, and the support rod 5 can move below the guide rod 6 on the fixed rod;
the fixed rod is fixed in the middle of the side b and the side d of the coil support, and the guide rod is kept horizontal by virtue of the pulley and the supporting block when being transversely placed; the bearing is fixed at one end of the side b and the side d close to the side c;
the guide rod is provided with a mark, the corresponding mark position is supported by the support rod, the angle between the guide rod and the ground can be adjusted, so that the plane normal direction of the guide rod is controlled, the angle between the guide rod and the ground can be 15 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 90 degrees, and the angle between the guide rod and the ground is increased step by step from small to large during field detection;
particularly, when the dam crest of the dam and the backwater slope packway are detected, the transient electromagnetic coil support is kept horizontal and vertically downward in the normal direction;
the data processing platform can perform the functions of drying removal, normalization, apparent resistivity calculation, display and the like on the transient electromagnetic data.
A method for using an earth and rockfill dam leakage diagnosis device based on transient electromagnetism comprises the following steps: leakage investigation, hidden danger detection and leakage judgment.
1. Leakage investigation
(4) Three persons responsible for visiting the reservoir dam and surrounding villagers know engineering data of the reservoir construction period, wherein the engineering data comprises a source of dam filling materials, a dam type, whether a dam foundation of the dam is bedrock or not, whether abnormal phenomena exist in the construction process or not and the like;
(5) collecting historical data of reservoir reinforcement over the years, including safety identification, engineering geological survey, danger removal reinforcement design and construction data;
(6) carrying out site reconnaissance on the reservoir, investigating the spatial position of a leakage point, the turbidity of a water body, the apparent characteristics of a dam, the relation between the leakage amount and the reservoir water level and the like;
(4) and integrating the survey data into a reservoir dam database.
2. Hidden danger detection
(5) When the leakage characteristic shows that the dam body and the dam foundation leak, the earth-rock dam leakage diagnosis device is arranged on the seepage-proof section of the dam crest of the dam. During detection, marking the top of the dam from left to right at intervals of 1m by taking a distance of 0.5m from the left dam head as a starting point; the central point of the transient electromagnetic coil support is coincided with the starting point of the measuring line, so that the coil is in a horizontal state, the transmitting coil is connected with a transient electromagnetic host through a transmitting cable, the receiving coil is connected with the transient electromagnetic host through a receiving cable, the transient electromagnetic host is connected with a data control platform through a wireless transmitter appointed by a network, parameters such as the number of turns of the transmitting and receiving coil, transmitting frequency, transmitting current, superposition times, a measuring mode and the like are adjusted on the data control platform, and after the parameters are set and received, the data control platform sends an acquisition command to the transient electromagnetic host and recovers secondary field signals acquired in the transient electromagnetic host; after the acquisition of a single measuring point is finished, sequentially moving the position of the device according to the distance of 1m, and acquiring and recovering data by each measuring point on the measuring line, so that induced electromotive force signals of different positions of the dam on a single section can be obtained;
(6) and when the leakage characteristic shows leakage around the dam, the earth-rock dam leakage diagnosis device is arranged on the dam head closest to the leakage point. During detection, a transient electromagnetic coil support is horizontally placed at the position of a dam head of a dam, a level gauge on the coil support is ensured to be in a horizontal state, a transmitting coil is connected with a transient electromagnetic host through a transmitting cable, a receiving coil is connected with the transient electromagnetic host through a receiving cable, the transient electromagnetic host is connected with a data control platform through a wireless sensor appointed by a network, parameters such as the number of turns of the transmitting and receiving coil, transmitting frequency, transmitting current, superposition times, a measurement mode and the like are adjusted on the data control platform, and after the parameters are set and received, the data control platform sends an acquisition command to the transient electromagnetic host and recovers secondary field signals acquired in the transient electromagnetic host; after the horizontal signals of the coils are acquired, the support rods are used for supporting the marked positions of the guide rods, the angles between the guide rods and the horizontal plane can be adjusted to be 15 degrees, so that the plane normal directions of the guide rods are controlled to point to the dam abutment position, the data control platform sends acquisition commands to the transient electromagnetic host, secondary field signals acquired in the transient electromagnetic host are recovered, the angles between the guide rods and the ground are sequentially adjusted to be 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 90 degrees, each measuring point on a measuring line finishes data acquisition and recovery, and induced electromotive force signals of different directions of the dam abutment on a single section can be acquired;
(7) after the dam crest detection in the step 1) and the step 2) is finished, when the leakage characteristics show that the dam body and the dam foundation leak, the earth-rock dam leakage diagnosis device can arrange detection measuring lines in the longitudinal direction of the dam at different elevations of the back water slope, and the level of a coil is ensured when measuring points on each measuring line are detected, so that induced electromotive force signals at different elevations and different positions are finally obtained; when the leakage characteristic shows leakage around the dam, the measuring lines can be transversely provided with detection measuring points at different elevations along the dam, the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are kept to rotate in 5 directions during detection each time, and the coil support is ensured to be horizontal when the angle of the coil is changed.
(8) The number of the dam longitudinal detection measuring lines is more than 3, the number of the dam transverse measuring line measuring points is more than 3, and each measuring point at least measures more than 3 angles.
3. Leakage discrimination
(3) When the leakage characteristic shows that the dam body and the dam foundation leak, the water conservancy transient electromagnetic matching software is used for carrying out combined processing on the data of each measuring point on each measuring line, and the processing flow comprises data importing, channel parameter modification, interference correction, apparent resistivity mapping and the like, so that a measuring point-voltage curve graph and an apparent resistivity profile of each measuring line are obtained;
determining leakage abnormity in the horizontal direction according to the change characteristics of the measuring point-voltage curve graph;
according to the change characteristics of the apparent resistivity profile, determining leakage abnormity in the vertical direction, and circling spatial position information such as the range, the burial depth, the trend and the like of a comprehensive low-resistance abnormal region;
and performing combined three-dimensional imaging on the apparent resistivity profiles on the plurality of measuring lines, effectively eliminating false abnormality of a single measuring line, and combining leakage investigation data, thereby outlining a spatial distribution area of a leakage channel and providing a target area for further treatment of the hidden danger of the reservoir dam.
(4) When the leakage characteristics show dam abutment leakage, the water conservancy transient electromagnetic matching software is used for carrying out combined processing on the data of each angle point on each measuring point, and the processing flow comprises data importing, channel parameter modification, interference correction, apparent resistivity mapping and the like, so that an angle-voltage curve graph and an apparent resistivity profile of each measuring point are obtained;
determining leakage abnormality at each measurement angle according to the change characteristics of the angle-voltage curve graph;
according to the change characteristics of the apparent resistivity profile, determining leakage abnormity along the angle direction, and circling the range, burial depth, trend and other spatial position information of the comprehensive low-resistance abnormal region;
the combined three-dimensional imaging is carried out on the apparent resistivity profiles at a plurality of angle points, the false abnormality of a single angle point is effectively eliminated, and the reservoir dam database is combined, so that the spatial distribution area of the leakage channel is outlined, and a target area is provided for further treatment of reservoir dam hidden danger.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the earth and rockfill dam leakage diagnosis device adopts the transmitting coil to supply transient pulse to the dam, the receiving coil measures the secondary field signal, the field detection system is flexible, the operation is convenient, the difficult problems of dam hardening, limited detection space and the like do not need to be considered, and the earth and rockfill dam leakage diagnosis device is suitable for a plurality of dam types such as an earth and rockfill dam, a gravity dam and the like;
2. during transient electromagnetic detection, the point distance of each measuring point on the measuring line can be flexibly adjusted, the density of the measuring points at different positions can be effectively controlled, and general investigation and detailed investigation of different positions can be realized; the size of each angle on the measuring points can be flexibly adjusted, the angle density of different measuring points can be effectively controlled, and the general investigation and the detailed investigation of different measuring points can be realized;
3. the transient electromagnetic method collects secondary field attenuation signals in the normal direction of the coil, has strong directivity to hidden danger points and high transverse resolution;
4. the three-dimensional imaging of different measuring lines and multiple measuring points and the three-dimensional imaging of different measuring points and multiple angles effectively improve the detection reliability and draw the spatial position information of the leakage channel.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an earth and rockfill dam leakage diagnosis device based on a transient electromagnetic method,
figure 2 is a drawing cross-section of the coil support,
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the middle of the sides b and d,
figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic view of a support pole,
figure 5 is a schematic perspective view of the support body,
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a guide bar;
FIG. 7 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the guide bar;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the combination of the support bar and the guide bar;
FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view of the spindle;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the guide bar, turn bar, transmitter coil and receiver coil connections;
FIG. 11 is a general flow chart of a method of use in an embodiment of the invention.
1-hollow round tube; 2-a tow rope; 3-traction ring; 4-coil support; 5-a support bar; 6-a guide rod; 7-semicircular ring; 8-fixing the rod; 9-wear resistant plastic; 10-a bearing; 11-a small pulley; 12-a cushion block; 13-rotating rod; 14-a fixed axis; 15-a transmitting coil; 16-a receiving coil; 17-transmitting cable; 18-receiving the cable; 19-a wireless transmitter; 20-transient electromagnetic host; 21-a data control platform; 22-a level; 23-binding the strip.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationships in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limitations of the present patent, and specific meanings of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Firstly, the utility model provides an earth and rockfill dam seepage diagnostic device based on transition electromagnetism:
the utility model provides an earth and rockfill dam seepage diagnostic device based on transition electromagnetic method, includes and encloses coil support 4 of closing the constitution by a, b, c and d limit, the symmetrical setting of structure on coil support b limit and d limit has hollow structure (this hollow structure can be for a microscler recess of seting up on the length of edge b degree direction) and be equipped with bracing piece 5 and guide bar 6 to the inboard in proper order from the outside in hollow structure on coil support b limit, a tip fixed mounting of bracing piece 5 has a semicircle ring 7, this semicircle ring part 7 is passed to dead lever 8. One end of the support rod 5 is rotatably mounted in the hollow structure through a fixing rod 8, the support rod can rotate around the fixing rod and can move back and forth on the fixing rod 8, and the fixing rod can move back and forth along the length direction of the hollow structure at the side b. The guide rod 6 is arranged above the support rod 5, the lower part of one end of the guide rod 6 is connected with a small pulley 11, the small pulley is fixed on a bearing 10, the bearing 10 is arranged on the coil support, and the guide rod 6 can rotate in the direction of 0-90 degrees through the small pulley. The guide rod 6 is provided with a plurality of marks, and the support rod 5 supports corresponding mark positions and can adjust the angle between the guide rod and the ground.
The coil support c is also internally provided with a hollow structure, a rotating rod 13 is placed in the hollow structure, and two ends of the rotating rod 13 are installed on the edge of the coil support c through a fixed shaft 14; and a dragging mechanism for dragging the coil support to move is installed on the edge of the coil support a, the dragging mechanism comprises a dragging rope 2, and two ends of the dragging rope 2 are fixed on the edge of the coil support a through a dragging circular ring 3.
A transmitting coil and a receiving coil are also arranged on the inner side of the coil support; the transmitter coil, receiver coil, guide bar 6 and rotary bar 13 are fixed on a plane by binding 23, as shown in fig. 10.
A level gauge 22 is arranged on the surface of the edge a of the coil support, and a layer of wear-resistant plastic 9 is fixed on the lower surface of the coil support. Preferably, a cushion block 12 is further installed in the hollow structure at the side b of the coil support and below the guide rod, and is used for supporting the horizontal placement of the guide rod.
The earth and rockfill dam leakage diagnosis device further comprises a transient electromagnetic host 20, wherein the transmitting coil 15 is connected with the transient electromagnetic host through a transmitting cable, and the receiving coil 16 is connected with the transient electromagnetic host through a receiving cable; the electromagnetic host is connected with the data control platform through a wireless transmitter.
The device is characterized in that a hollow circular tube 1, a dragging rope 2, a coil support 4, wear-resistant plastic 9, a transmitting coil 15, a receiving coil 16, a transmitting cable 17, a receiving cable 18 and a level gauge 22 are combined into a module, the dragging rope 2 penetrates through the hollow circular tube 1 and pulls the coil support 4 fixed on the wear-resistant plastic 9 through a pulling circular ring 3 to move on a dam, the transmitting coil 15, the receiving coil 16 and the level gauge 22 are fixedly arranged on the coil support 4, and the transmitting coil 15 is connected with the transmitting cable 17 and the receiving coil 16 and the receiving cable 18;
a support rod 5, a guide rod 6, a circular ring 7, a fixed rod 8, a bearing 10, a small pulley 11, a cushion block 12, a rotating rod 13, a fixed shaft 14 and a level gauge 22 are fixed on the coil support 4, the support rod 5 moves left and right on the fixed rod 8 through the circular ring 7 so as to adjust an included angle between the guide rod 6 and a horizontal plane, one end of the fixed rod 8 is connected with the small pulley 11 fixed on the bearing 10 and can freely rotate vertically at 0-90 degrees, and the cushion block 12 is fixed below the middle part of the guide rod 6; two ends of the rotating rod 13 are sleeved by the fixed shaft 14, so that the rotating rod 13 can rotate freely; the guide rod 6 and the rotating rod 13 on the coil support 4 are fixed on a plane together with the transmitting coil 15 and the receiving coil 16 through binding strips 23.
A use method of an earth and rockfill dam leakage diagnosis device based on a transient electromagnetic method comprises the following specific working modes:
1. leakage investigation
(1) Three persons responsible for visiting the reservoir dam and surrounding villagers know engineering data of the reservoir construction period, wherein the engineering data comprises a source of dam filling materials, a dam type, whether a dam foundation of the dam is bedrock or not, whether abnormal phenomena exist in the construction process or not and the like;
(2) collecting historical data of reservoir reinforcement over the years, including safety identification, engineering geological survey, danger removal reinforcement design and construction data;
(3) carrying out site reconnaissance on the reservoir, investigating the spatial position of a leakage point, the turbidity of a water body, the apparent characteristics of a dam, the relation between the leakage amount and the reservoir water level and the like;
(4) and integrating the survey data into a reservoir dam database.
2. Hidden danger detection
(1) When the leakage characteristic shows that the dam body and the dam foundation leak, the earth-rock dam leakage diagnosis device is arranged on the seepage-proof section of the dam crest of the dam. During detection, marking the top of the dam from left to right at intervals of 1m by taking a distance of 0.5m from the left dam head as a starting point; the center point of the coil support 4 is coincided with the starting point of the measuring line, the level gauge 22 on the coil support 4 is ensured to be in a horizontal state, the transmitting coil 15 is connected with the transient electromagnetic host 20 through the transmitting cable 17, the receiving coil 16 is connected with the transient electromagnetic host 20 through the receiving cable 18, the transient electromagnetic host 20 is connected with the data control platform 21 through the wireless transmitter 19 appointed by the network, the parameters such as the number of turns of the transmitting and receiving coil, the transmitting frequency, the transmitting current, the overlapping frequency, the measuring mode and the like are adjusted on the data control platform 21, and after the parameters are set and received, the data control platform 21 sends an acquisition command to the transient electromagnetic host 20 and recovers secondary field signals acquired in the transient electromagnetic host 20; after the acquisition of a single measuring point is finished, the position of the device is sequentially moved by using the towing rope 2 to pull the coil support according to the interval of 1m, and the acquisition and recovery of data are finished at each measuring point on the measuring line, so that induced electromotive force signals of different positions of the dam on a single section can be obtained;
(2) and when the leakage characteristic shows leakage around the dam, the earth-rock dam leakage diagnosis device is arranged on the dam head closest to the leakage point. During detection, a transient electromagnetic coil support 4 is horizontally placed at the dam head position of a dam, a level gauge 22 on the coil support 4 is ensured to be in a horizontal state, a transmitting coil 15 is connected with a transient electromagnetic host 20 through a transmitting cable 17, a receiving coil 16 is connected with the transient electromagnetic host 20 through a receiving cable 18, the transient electromagnetic host 20 is connected with a data control platform 21 through a wireless sensor 19 appointed by a network, parameters such as the number of turns of a transmitting and receiving coil, transmitting frequency, transmitting current, superposition times, a measurement mode and the like are adjusted on the data control platform 21, and after the parameters are set and received, the data control platform 21 sends a collection command to the transient electromagnetic host 20 and recovers secondary field signals collected in the transient electromagnetic host 20; after the horizontal signal of the coil is collected, the support rod 5 is used for supporting the marking position of the guide rod 6, the angle between the guide rod and the horizontal plane can be adjusted to be 15 degrees, so that the plane normal direction of the guide rod 6 is controlled to point to the dam abutment position, the data control platform 21 sends a collection command to the transient electromagnetic host 20, secondary field signals collected in the transient electromagnetic host 20 are recovered, the angles between the guide rod 6 and the ground are sequentially adjusted to be 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 90 degrees, and each measuring point on a measuring line finishes data collection and recovery, so that induced electromotive force signals of different directions of the dam abutment on a single section can be obtained;
(3) after the dam crest detection in the step 1) and the step 2) is finished, when the leakage characteristics show that the dam body and the dam foundation leak, the earth-rock dam leakage diagnosis device can arrange detection measuring lines in the longitudinal direction of the dam at different elevations of the back water slope, and the level of a coil is ensured when measuring points on each measuring line are detected, so that induced electromotive force signals at different elevations and different positions are finally obtained; when the leakage characteristic shows leakage around the dam, the measuring lines can be transversely provided with detection measuring points at different elevations along the dam, the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are kept to rotate in 5 directions during each detection, and the coil support is ensured to be horizontal when the angle of the coil is changed;
(4) the number of the dam longitudinal detection measuring lines is more than 3, the number of the dam transverse measuring line measuring points is more than 3, and each measuring point at least measures more than 3 angles.
3. Leakage discrimination
(1) When the leakage characteristic shows that the dam body and the dam foundation leak, the water conservancy transient electromagnetic matching software is used for carrying out combined processing on the data of each measuring point on each measuring line, and the processing flow comprises data importing, channel parameter modification, interference correction, apparent resistivity mapping and the like, so that a measuring point-voltage curve graph and an apparent resistivity profile of each measuring line are obtained;
determining leakage abnormity in the horizontal direction according to the change characteristics of the measuring point-voltage curve graph;
according to the change characteristics of the apparent resistivity profile, determining leakage abnormity in the vertical direction, and circling spatial position information such as the range, the burial depth, the trend and the like of a comprehensive low-resistance abnormal region;
and performing combined three-dimensional imaging on the apparent resistivity profiles on the plurality of measuring lines, effectively eliminating false abnormality of a single measuring line, and combining leakage investigation data, thereby outlining a spatial distribution area of a leakage channel and providing a target area for further treatment of the hidden danger of the reservoir dam.
(2) When the leakage characteristics show dam abutment leakage, the water conservancy transient electromagnetic matching software is used for carrying out combined processing on the data of each angle point on each measuring point, and the processing flow comprises data importing, channel parameter modification, interference correction, apparent resistivity mapping and the like, so that an angle-voltage curve graph and an apparent resistivity profile of each measuring point are obtained;
determining leakage abnormality at each measurement angle according to the change characteristics of the angle-voltage curve graph;
according to the change characteristics of the apparent resistivity profile, determining leakage abnormity along the angle direction, and circling the range, burial depth, trend and other spatial position information of the comprehensive low-resistance abnormal region;
the method has the advantages that the visual resistivity profiles at a plurality of angle points are subjected to combined three-dimensional imaging, false abnormalities of a single angle point are effectively eliminated, and a spatial distribution area of a leakage channel is outlined by combining (reservoir dam database), so that a target area is provided for further treatment of reservoir dam hidden dangers.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an earth and rockfill dam seepage diagnostic device based on transient electromagnetic method, includes the coil support of closing by a, b, c and d limit and constituteing, its characterized in that: the side b and the side d of the coil support are symmetrically arranged, a long groove is formed in the side b of the coil support, a support rod and a guide rod are sequentially arranged in the long groove from the outer side to the inner side, one end of the support rod is rotatably installed in the side-length-shaped groove of the coil support b through a fixed rod, the support rod can rotate around the fixed rod and can move back and forth on the fixed rod, and the fixed rod can move back and forth along the length direction of the side-length-shaped groove of the coil support b; the guide rod is arranged above the support rod, and one end of the guide rod is rotatably arranged on the side b of the coil bracket through the rotating mechanism; the coil bracket c is also internally provided with a long groove and is internally and rotatably provided with a rotating rod; a dragging mechanism for dragging the coil support to move is arranged at the edge of the coil support a; a transmitting coil and a receiving coil are arranged on the inner side of the coil support; the transmitting coil, the receiving coil, the guide rod and the rotating rod are fixed on a plane through fixing pieces.
2. The earth and rockfill dam leakage diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the fixed rod is far away from the rotating mechanism; the end of the support rod is provided with a semicircular ring, and the fixing rod penetrates through the semicircular ring.
3. The earth and rockfill dam leakage diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the rotating mechanism comprises a small pulley and a bearing; the lower part of one end of the guide rod is connected with a small pulley which is fixed on a bearing, the bearing is arranged on the coil support, and the guide rod can rotate in the direction of 0-90 degrees through the small pulley.
4. The earth and rockfill dam leakage diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the surface of the edge a of the coil support is provided with a level gauge, and the periphery of the lower surface of the coil support is fixed with a layer of wear-resistant plastic.
5. The earth and rockfill dam leakage diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: and a cushion block is also arranged in the side-length-shaped groove of the coil support b and below the guide rod and is used for supporting the guide rod to be horizontally placed.
6. The earth and rockfill dam leakage diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the dragging mechanism comprises a dragging rope, and two ends of the dragging rope are fixed on the edge a of the coil support through a dragging circular ring.
7. The earth and rockfill dam leakage diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a transient electromagnetic host, wherein the transmitting coil is connected with the transient electromagnetic host through a transmitting cable, and the receiving coil is connected with the transient electromagnetic host through a receiving cable; the transient electromagnetic host is connected with the data control platform through a wireless transmitter.
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| CN202022877277.6U CN213903824U (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-04 | Earth and rockfill dam leakage diagnosis device based on transient electromagnetic method |
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| CN202022877277.6U CN213903824U (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-04 | Earth and rockfill dam leakage diagnosis device based on transient electromagnetic method |
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