CN206740133U - Geological deformation stereo observing system - Google Patents
Geological deformation stereo observing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN206740133U CN206740133U CN201720581698.XU CN201720581698U CN206740133U CN 206740133 U CN206740133 U CN 206740133U CN 201720581698 U CN201720581698 U CN 201720581698U CN 206740133 U CN206740133 U CN 206740133U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of geological deformation stereo observing system, including the three-dimensional positive and negative two direction inertia sensing and detecting system of underground is placed in, and is placed in the GNSS observation stations and information acquisition system of ground.Three-dimensional positive and negative two direction inertia sensing and detecting system includes some MEMS sensors for joining end to end, being placed in along PVC straight tube axis in PVC straight tubes, and PVC straight tubes are placed in drilling, is perfused with cement grout in drilling and PVC straight tubes and cement grout has solidified.MEMS sensor includes a pair of inertial sensors of the positive and negative two-way setting in X, Y, Z axis respectively.GNSS observation stations are placed at drilling orifice and coaxial with PVC straight tubes.Indivedual monitoring points that the utility model solves the problems, such as to have fixed the appearance of deviational survey instrument system cause monitoring result distortion extremely, it is ensured that monitoring result is closer to actual geological deformation situation.
Description
Technical field
A kind of geological deformation stereo observing system is the utility model is related to, belongs to the geological deformation monitoring neck of Geotechnical Engineering
Domain.
Background technology
The deformation monitoring of Geotechnical Engineering includes surface displacement observation and internal displacement observation.Deformation monitoring is mainly observation water
Prosposition moves and vertical displacement, grasps changing rule, and research has free from flaw, landslide, the trend slided and toppled.Conventional interior position
Moving observation instrument has displacement meter, crack gauge, dipmeter, sedimentometer, fixed inclinometer, plumb line coordinator, tensile-line instrument, multiple spot to become
Position meter and strain gauge etc..Surface displacement observation instrument has spirit level, total powerstation, GPS, three-dimensional laser scanning technique etc..
With the fast development of science and technology, safety monitoring technology is in fields such as water conservancy and hydropower, highway, railway, civil aviatons
Constantly improving.At this stage, the dam in such as hydraulic engineering for being related to control deformation, cavern, side slope, highway
With the roadbed of railway, and Civil Aviation Airport ground etc., typically using single-point type (sedimentation plate, sedimentation ring) and distribution (Gu
Determine inclinometer, sedimentometer) mode carry out settlement monitoring.
At present, using MEMS related variation instruments, such as fixed inclinometer carries out deformation monitoring has turned into the development of this area
Trend, but it has only been applied in terms of Geotechnical Engineering side slope at this stage.Referring to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, normally, some installations
The fixation inclinometer 91 for having MEMS (MEMS) inertial sensor 92 is connected by rigid connecting rod 93.During measurement, mutually
End to end fixed inclinometer 91 is inserted inside geology to be measured, as shown in Fig. 2 each MEMS inertia on fixed inclinometer 91
Sensor 92 is used as a monitoring point.When observing geology internal modification, to originate or the MEMS inertial sensor at the place of ending 92 is made
For Fixed Initial Point, by originated or ending at monitoring point absolute two-dimentional deformation values, you can extrapolate the absolute of each monitoring point
Deflection, so as to carry out the accumulation calculating of deflection, the sedimentation result finally calculated is to be monitored relative at starting or ending
The relative two dimensional deformation values of point.
As can be seen that the geology internal modification observation procedure that above-mentioned fixed deviational survey instrument system is realized is present from actual implement
Following defect：First, influenceed by geological interface (tomography, crushed zone), the deflection of the monitoring point acquisition of indivedual fixed inclinometers
There is larger difference with deformation tendency and actual geological deformation situation.Such as Fig. 2, label 102 shows actual geological interface, by each
Larger difference be present with geology practical distortion in the deformation tendency line 101 that fixed inclinometer 91 obtains.Second, above-mentioned fixed inclinometer
System is only capable of realizing two-dimentional deformation observation, and measurement accuracy is relatively low, systematic error be present, and error amount can be with deformation accumulation calculating
Process is constantly cumulative, so as to cause final result distortion phenomenon occur.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of geological deformation stereo observing system, which solves and fixed deviational survey
Indivedual monitoring points the problem of causing monitoring result distortion extremely that instrument system occurs, it is ensured that monitoring result is closer to actual geology
Deformation.
To achieve these goals, the utility model employs following technical scheme：
A kind of geological deformation stereo observing system, it is characterised in that：It includes being placed in the three-dimensional positive and negative two direction inertia of underground
Sensing and detecting system, and it is placed in the GNSS observation stations and information acquisition system of ground；Three-dimensional positive and negative two direction inertia sensing detection
System, GNSS observation stations are connected by cable with information acquisition system respectively；Three-dimensional positive and negative two direction inertia sensing and detecting system bag
Some MEMS sensors for joining end to end, being placed in along PVC straight tube axis in PVC straight tubes are included, PVC straight tubes are placed in drilling, drilling
Be perfused with cement grout in PVC straight tubes and cement grout has solidified；MEMS sensor includes positive and negative double in X, Y, Z axis respectively
To a pair of inertial sensors of setting；The axis of PVC straight tubes is defined as Z axis, in the plane vertical with Z axis definition have it is orthogonal
X-axis and Y-axis；GNSS observation stations are placed at drilling orifice and coaxial with PVC straight tubes.
The MEMS sensor includes signal processing controller, and signal processing controller connects with all inertial sensors
Connect.
Described information acquisition system includes signal acquisition module, GNSS signal receiving module and dual-mode antenna, wherein：Signal
Acquisition module is used for the cable connection that two direction inertia sensing and detecting system positive and negative with the three-dimensional stretches out geological surface, GNSS signal
Receiving module is connected with the GNSS observation stations, and dual-mode antenna is connected with signal acquisition module, GNSS signal receiving module.
The GNSS observation stations are also communicated wirelessly between GNSS base stations by GNSS antenna, so that the GNSS
Observation station obtains the X, Y, Z axis deflection that its position is under three-dimensional system of coordinate from GNSS base stations.
Being provided with the ground can include logical with the information management system of described information acquisition system wireless telecommunications, information management system
Interrogate module, deformation analysis module, data memory module.
The utility model has the advantages that：
The utility model realizes the comprehensive monitoring to geology internal modification trend from three-dimensional view angle, and measurement accuracy is high, misses
Difference is small, can effectively prevent because indivedual monitoring points caused by geological interface factor increase suddenly or the generation of steep drop anomaly, and
Monitoring result is the absolute deformation amount under three-dimensional coordinate, can reflect the practical distortion feelings inside geology truly, intuitively, exactly
Condition, so as to which to check design, the foundation of offer science and reliable technical support are instructed in construction.
The utility model stereo observing system can be applied to continuously distributed formula dam, side slope, cavern, roomy roadbed, stand
The geology internal modification monitoring occasion of Slag etc..
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the scheme of installation of existing fixed deviational survey instrument system.
Fig. 2 is the service condition explanation figure of existing fixed deviational survey instrument system.
Fig. 3 is the preferred embodiment schematic diagram of the utility model geological deformation stereo observing system.
Fig. 4 is the composition schematic diagram of information management system.
Fig. 5 is the composition schematic diagram of GNSS base stations.
Embodiment
As shown in figure 3, the utility model geological deformation stereo observing system includes being placed in the three of underground (i.e. inside geology)
Positive and negative two direction inertia sensing and detecting system is tieed up, and is placed in the GNSS observation stations 60 and information acquisition system 30 of ground；Three-dimensional is just
Anti- two direction inertia sensing and detecting system, GNSS observation stations 60 are connected by cable with information acquisition system 30 respectively.It is three-dimensional positive and negative
Some MEMS that two direction inertia sensing and detecting system includes joining end to end, being placed in PVC straight tubes 20 along the axis of PVC straight tubes 20 are sensed
The straight line and the axis coaxle of PVC straight tubes 20 of each MEMS sensor 10 (being considered as monitoring point) formation of device 10, i.e. head and the tail connection, PVC
Straight tube 20 is placed in the drilling 50 drilled out in geologic structure to be observed, and cement mortar is perfused with 50 and PVC of drilling straight tubes 20
Liquid and cement grout has solidified, wherein：MEMS sensor include 10 respectively in X, Y, Z axis positive and negative two-way setting a pair of inertia
Sensor, that is to say, that in X-axis, X-axis positive direction and negative direction are provided with a pair of detections inertia sensing in opposite direction
Device 12,13, in Y-axis, Y-axis positive direction and negative direction are provided with a pair of detections inertial sensor 14,15 in opposite direction,
Equally on Z axis, a pair of detections inertial sensor 16,17 in opposite direction is also equipped with towards Z axis positive direction and negative direction.
In each pair inertial sensor, one measures and another is towards same axis (X, Y towards axis (X, Y or Z axis) positive direction
Or Z axis) negative direction measures.GNSS observation stations 60 are placed at 50 apertures of drilling and coaxial with PVC straight tubes 20.Normally, PVC
Straight tube 20 is coaxially disposed with drilling 50, thus GNSS observation stations 60 are equally coaxially disposed with drilling 50.
In the utility model, the axis (central shaft) of PVC straight tubes 20 is defined as Z axis, is defined in the plane vertical with Z axis
There are mutually perpendicular X-axis and Y-axis, X, Y and Z axis together form a three-dimensional system of coordinate.
In the utility model, the axis of PVC straight tubes 20 can also can be tilted at geological surface perpendicular to geological surface 40
40, or even can be parallel to geological surface 40.
The main function of PVC straight tubes 20 is：First, it is easy to each order of MEMS sensor 10 and transfers in PVC straight tubes 20
And the mutual entirety of all MEMS sensors 10 is remain simultaneously and shows linear state；Second, MEMS sensor 10 is served
One good protective effect.
In actual fabrication, PVC straight tubes 20 can be spliced by some PVC short tubes, and being also using the making of other materials can
With, it is without limitations.
It is positive and negative two-way in X, Y, Z axis on the premise of interference-free between each inertial sensor in the utility model
Installation site of three pairs of inertial sensors in MEMS sensor 10 set can flexible design, it is without limitations.Fig. 3 is shown
The installation of the top of MEMS sensor 10 is respectively facing the inertial sensor that X, Y, Z axis positive direction measures and in MEMS sensor
10 bottoms are installed by the situation for being respectively facing the inertial sensor that X, Y, Z axis negative direction measures.
In actual design, MEMS sensor 10 includes signal processing controller 11, the letter of each inertial sensor 12~17
Number port is connected with the corresponding signal port of signal processing controller 11 respectively.
In actual design, information acquisition system 30 may include signal acquisition module 33, the and of GNSS signal receiving module 34
Dual-mode antenna 31, wherein：Signal acquisition module 33 is used to stretch out geological surface with three-dimensional positive and negative two direction inertia sensing and detecting system
40 cable connection, GNSS signal receiving module 34 are connected with GNSS observation stations 60, dual-mode antenna 31 and signal acquisition module 33,
GNSS signal receiving module 34 connects.Other information acquisition system 30 is additionally provided with the power module 32 for providing electric power.
Specifically, in three-dimensional positive and negative two direction inertia sensing and detecting system, signal is passed through between each MEMS sensor 10
The cable that processing controller 11 is drawn is attached, closest to the signal transacting control of that MEMS sensor 10 of geological surface 40
Device 11 processed reaches the corresponding signal port of the signal acquisition module 33 of the cable and information acquisition system 30 outside geological surface 40
Connection.
Such as Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, GNSS observation stations 60 are also communicated wirelessly between GNSS base stations 80 by GNSS antenna,
So that GNSS observation stations 60 (being considered as observation station) from GNSS base stations 80 obtain its position be under three-dimensional system of coordinate X,
Y, Z axis deflection, wherein, GNSS base stations 80 are arranged on the geographical position that can provide stabilization, reliable reference coordinate, GNSS
The 3-D walls and floor of observation station 60 is defined with the definition of the 3-D walls and floor of MEMS sensor 10 unanimously, i.e., GNSS observation stations 60 are determined
The X, Y, Z axis of justice is identical with X, Y, Z axis defined in MEMS sensor 10.
In the utility model, such as Fig. 1, GNSS observation stations 60 include GNSS antenna 61, GNSS receiver 63 and power supply 62.
Such as Fig. 5, GNSS base stations 80 include GNSS antenna 81, GNSS receiver 83, difference radio station 82 and power supply 84.
GNSS observation stations 60 and GNSS base stations 80 belong to the existing device of this area, and how GNSS observation stations 60 are from GNSS
The geographical location information that base station 80 is obtained under three-dimensional system of coordinate belongs to technology known in the art, therefore is not described in detail herein.
Such as Fig. 4, being additionally provided with the ground can be with the information management system 70 of the wireless telecommunications of information acquisition system 30, information management system
System 70 may include communication module 71, deformation analysis module 72, data memory module 73, wherein：Communication module 71, data storage mould
The signal port of block 73 is connected with the corresponding signal port of deformation analysis module 72 respectively, and communication module 71 is used for and information gathering
The wireless telecommunications of dual-mode antenna 31 of system 30.
In actual design, information management system 70 may also include information reorganization module 74, chart is shown and enquiry module
75th, print module 76, GNSS reorganization modules 77.
The composition of information management system 70 can be of all kinds, without limitations.
The Embedded installation method of the utility model geological deformation stereo observing system comprises the following steps：
1) quantity of MEMS sensor 10 according to needed for actual observation, each MEMS sensor 10 is connected by signal wire head and the tail
Connect and assemble；
2) it is advisable in geologic structure to be observed by drill hole of drilling machine, aperture with can just accommodate PVC straight tubes 20, then
Clean hole wall；
3) PVC straight tubes 20 are transferred in drilling 50；
4) all MEMS sensors 10 connected from beginning to end (a string of MEMS sensors) are sequentially transferred into PVC straight tubes 20
Interior, the caliber of PVC straight tubes 20 is advisable with that can just accommodate MEMS sensor 10, it is ensured that all MEMS sensors 10 form one
With the straight line of the axis coaxle of PVC straight tubes 20；
5) by grouting equipment into drilling 50 and PVC straight tubes 20 cement injection slurries, until cement grout fills spilling；
6) after cement grout solidifies (it is generally necessary to week age), GNSS observation stations 60 are installed at 50 apertures that drill,
Ensure that GNSS observation stations 60 are coaxial with PVC straight tubes 20, in other words, GNSS observation stations 60 are arranged on the aperture position of geological surface 40
Put (Fig. 3 schematically show only GNSS observation stations 60, therefore GNSS observation stations 60 are not drawn on geological surface)；
7) mount message acquisition system 30 on the ground；
8) concrete protective case is made by concrete blinding, the size of guard box than information acquisition system 30 size slightly
Greatly, in order to cable connections such as signal wire and power lines, by guard box by closest to the MEMS sensor 10 of geological surface 40
The cable connection of ground is extended to adopt to information by cable connection to information acquisition system 30, and by GNSS observation stations 60
On collecting system 30.
In practice of construction, then information management system 70 and GNSS base stations 80 are installed on the ground, then debug
Each system, the combined debugging between each system, setting observation primary data, reference data etc. are carried out, in case follow-up observation uses.
When being observed using the utility model observation system, each system power supply is opened, it is ensured that be powered normal.
The observation frequency of three-dimensional positive and negative two direction inertia sensing and detecting system, Ran Houbian are set by information management system 70
It can start working.
Three-dimensional positive and negative two direction inertia sensing and detecting system, GNSS observation stations 60 are according to the observation frequency of setting in each collection
Moment carries out the detection of the shaft distortion amount of X, Y, Z tri-, and then each MEMS sensor 10, GNSS observation stations 60 transmit obtained data
Send information management system 70 to via dual-mode antenna 31 to information acquisition system 30, then by information acquisition system 30, finally by
Information management system 70 is calculated inside geology herein to be occurred practically in each collection moment and setting time section
Matter deformation, and simultaneous display goes out the results such as absolute deformation trend curve.
In actual analysis, the utility model observation system can also arrange secondary meter, with carry out system acquisition data with
The artificial comparison read between data.
The geology internal modification measuring method that the utility model geological deformation stereo observing system is implemented comprises the following steps：
1) each MEMS sensor 10 is used as a monitoring point, and based on forward and reverse trend function method, each monitoring point passes through certainly
Three pairs of inertial sensors of positive and negative two-way setting respectively obtain the X, Y, Z axis deflection of self-position in X, Y, Z axis；
2) closest to the monitoring point of geological surface 40 or using the monitoring point farthest apart from geological surface 40 as starting point, to start
The X, Y, Z axis deflection of each monitoring point is gathered one by one；
3) GNSS observation stations 60 obtain its institute as the three-dimensional geographical location information that observation station provides from GNSS base stations 80
X, Y, Z axis deflection in position, geological surface where the X, Y, Z axis deflection that GNSS observation stations 60 are obtained represents it
Deformation values；
4) observation station and all monitoring points are directed to, accumulation calculating simultaneously fits the three-dimensional positive and negative two direction inertia sensing inspection of reflection
The X, Y, Z axis absolute deformation curve of examining system position；
5) according to X, Y, Z axis absolute deformation curve, the accumulation calculating and to fit reflection three-dimensional positive and negative under three-dimensional system of coordinate
Absolute deformation form inside the geology of two direction inertia sensing and detecting system position, so as to truly reflect herein in geology
The situation that portion is subjected to displacement.
In other words, absolute deformation curve is the phase for obtaining the same collection moment based on monitoring point inside each geology
That obtains is coupled with the earth's surface deflection obtained based on observation station to deflection, it is this definitely to become compared with relative deformation
Shape amount more can directly show the geology internal modification situation of position to be observed for actual geographic orientation.
The utility model has the advantages that：
The utility model realizes the comprehensive monitoring to geology internal modification trend from three-dimensional view angle, and measurement accuracy is high, misses
Difference is small, can effectively prevent because indivedual monitoring points caused by geological interface factor increase suddenly or the generation of steep drop anomaly, and
Monitoring result is the absolute deformation amount under three-dimensional coordinate, can reflect the practical distortion feelings inside geology truly, intuitively, exactly
Condition, so as to which to check design, the foundation of offer science and reliable technical support are instructed in construction.
The technical principle described above for being the utility model preferred embodiment and its being used, for those skilled in the art
It is any based on technical solutions of the utility model basis in the case of without departing substantially from spirit and scope of the present utility model for member
On equivalent transformation, it is simple replace etc. it is obvious change, belong within scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. geological deformation stereo observing system, it is characterised in that：The three-dimensional positive and negative two direction inertia that it includes being placed in underground passes Feel detecting system, and be placed in the GNSS observation stations and information acquisition system of ground；Three-dimensional positive and negative two direction inertia sensing detection system System, GNSS observation stations are connected by cable with information acquisition system respectively；Three-dimensional positive and negative two direction inertia sensing and detecting system includes Some MEMS sensors for joining end to end, being placed in along PVC straight tube axis in PVC straight tubes, PVC straight tubes are placed in drilling, drilling and Cement grout is perfused with PVC straight tubes and cement grout has solidified；MEMS sensor includes positive and negative two-way in X, Y, Z axis respectively A pair of the inertial sensors set；The axis of PVC straight tubes is defined as Z axis, in the plane vertical with Z axis definition have it is mutually perpendicular X-axis and Y-axis；GNSS observation stations are placed at drilling orifice and coaxial with PVC straight tubes.
- 2. geological deformation stereo observing system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The MEMS sensor includes signal processing controller, and signal processing controller is connected with all inertial sensors.
- 3. geological deformation stereo observing system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described information acquisition system includes signal acquisition module, GNSS signal receiving module and dual-mode antenna, wherein：Signal acquisition Module is used for the cable connection that two direction inertia sensing and detecting system positive and negative with the three-dimensional stretches out geological surface, and GNSS signal receives Module is connected with the GNSS observation stations, and dual-mode antenna is connected with signal acquisition module, GNSS signal receiving module.
- 4. geological deformation stereo observing system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The GNSS observation stations are also communicated wirelessly between GNSS base stations by GNSS antenna, so that the GNSS is observed Stand and obtain the X, Y, Z axis deflection that its position is under three-dimensional system of coordinate from GNSS base stations.
- 5. the geological deformation stereo observing system as any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that：Communication mould can be included with the information management system of described information acquisition system wireless telecommunications, information management system by being provided with the ground Block, deformation analysis module, data memory module.
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| CN201720581698.XU CN206740133U (en) | 2017-05-23 | 2017-05-23 | Geological deformation stereo observing system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110455259A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-15 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of Geography monitor device and the river Form Development based on the device monitor system |
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2017
- 2017-05-23 CN CN201720581698.XU patent/CN206740133U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110455259A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-15 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of Geography monitor device and the river Form Development based on the device monitor system |
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