CN115615878A - Automatic saturation device of high-range tensiometer and saturation manufacturing method - Google Patents
Automatic saturation device of high-range tensiometer and saturation manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic saturation device of a high-range tensiometer and a saturation manufacturing method. The air compressor is connected with one end of a gas-liquid supercharger through a positive pressure pneumatic pressure regulating valve and a two-position five-way pneumatic solenoid valve, the other end of the gas-liquid supercharger is connected with one end of a pressure transmitter through a liquid pressure reducing valve and a positive pressure path electromagnetic water valve, the other end of the pressure transmitter is communicated with a tensiometer saturator, a tensiometer is installed on the tensiometer saturator, a vacuum pump is connected with the top of a vacuum water tank through a vacuum pneumatic pressure regulating valve and a negative pressure path switch solenoid valve, the bottom of the vacuum water tank is connected with one end of the pressure transmitter through a negative pressure path electromagnetic water valve, the opening and closing states of the pneumatic solenoid valve and the electromagnetic water valve are controlled by a programmable controller, and the tensiometer is installed on the top of a pottery clay head dryer; the method comprises the steps of drying the clay head, initially saturating, circularly saturating in prepressing and calibrating the tensiometer. The invention can automatically realize the rapid and reliable saturation of the high-range tensiometer, has simple logic and low manufacturing cost, and effectively improves the use convenience of the tensiometer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic saturation device and a saturation manufacturing method in the technical field of soil matrix suction monitoring equipment, in particular to an automatic saturation device and a saturation manufacturing method for a high-range tensiometer.
Background
Natural surface soils are often unsaturated, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. Under the action of environmental load (such as rainfall, evaporation and the like) and external load (irrigation, infiltration and the like), the engineering properties, especially the soil-water characteristics (unsaturated soil suction and humidity state) can change. The method is the most basic and key technology in unsaturated soil mechanics research for accurately measuring or controlling the suction force of the soil body, and has important significance for predicting the seepage, the body deformation and the strength characteristics of unsaturated soil and ensuring the safe high-performance service of geotechnical infrastructure. At present, the most rapid and reliable direct suction monitoring method is a tensiometer monitoring method. However, the measuring range of the common tensiometer is about 0-90kPa, and the water body in the cavity is easy to vaporize under the action of high tensile force, so that the high suction force cannot be measured. Therefore, measuring the suction of the soil body on a drier site requires the use of a high-range tensiometer.
The high-range tensiometer mainly comprises a pressure sensor body, a micro water cavity and a high-air-intake-value argil head, and the tensile capacity of a water film in the internal micro water cavity is utilized to transfer the suction force of a matrix. Generally, pure water may have a tensile strength in excess of 1500kPa, and once small bubbles (cavitation nuclei) appear in the water chamber, the tensile strength of the water film in a metastable state will rapidly drop to about 100kPa, i.e., cavitation occurs. Therefore, in order to avoid that air enters the water cavity under the condition of high soil suction force and the tensile strength of the water film is damaged, a high-air-intake-value argil head is required to be installed on the outer side of the miniature water cavity.
High air admittance porch sizes used with high range tensiometers are small, for example, 3Bar air admittance porch maximum pore diameters are only about 0.7 μm. In the case of such small pore diameter, the simple one-step vacuum or prepressing saturation method cannot make all the micro bubbles in the clay head escape, and the water film can cavitate under the substrate suction of more than 100kPa. At present, the effective saturation method of the high-range tensiometer uses a two-stage saturation method of initial saturation and prepressing cyclic saturation. Wherein, the water pressure required in the prepressing circulation saturation stage is higher and reaches 1-4 MPa, and higher requirements are provided for the material of a saturation pressure container; in addition, research shows that the more the number of cycles of the saturation stage of the pre-pressing cycle, the better the saturation effect of the clay head, while the positive pressure-vacuum process of single pre-pressing cycle saturation is set to last for several hours, which is time-consuming to complete one cycle, and more inconvenient if the switching process is manually executed. Chinese patent CN103940975a discloses a simple device for tensiometer saturation, although it also adopts a two-stage saturation method, the specifically designed saturation operation does not solve the aforementioned problems of high saturation water pressure, time and labor consuming manual switching of positive and negative water pressures in the saturation process, and even the prepressing process needs to be continued for as long as 48 hours. The complex saturation process greatly limits the application of the high-range tensiometer in the field of unsaturated soil suction monitoring.
Therefore, the prior art lacks a saturation device capable of automatically, quickly and reliably saturating the high-range tensiometer and a saturation method adaptive to the saturation device.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to design a saturation device capable of automatically, quickly and reliably saturating a high-range tensiometer and a saturation method adaptive to the saturation device. According to the invention, by introducing the gas-liquid supercharger and the programmable controller, a matched saturation system and a tension meter saturator are designed, the rapid and reliable saturation of the high-range tension meter can be automatically realized, the logic is simple and clear, and the device has the advantages of time saving and labor saving compared with the traditional manual saturation operation.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
1. an automatic saturation device of a high-range tensiometer:
the system comprises an air compressor, a vacuum pump, a positive pressure pneumatic pressure regulating valve, a vacuum pneumatic pressure regulating valve, a two-position five-way pneumatic solenoid valve, a positive pressure path solenoid water valve, a negative pressure path switching solenoid valve, a negative pressure path exhaust solenoid valve, a negative pressure path solenoid water valve, a liquid pressure reducing valve, a gas-liquid supercharger, a vacuum water tank, a pressure transmitter and a tensiometer saturator;
the air compressor is connected with the air pressure input end of the gas-liquid supercharger through a pipeline, a positive pressure pneumatic pressure regulating valve and a two-position five-way pneumatic solenoid valve are sequentially arranged on the pipeline from the air compressor to the gas-liquid supercharger, the water pressure output end of the gas-liquid supercharger is connected with one end of a pressure transmitter through a pipeline, a liquid pressure reducing valve and a positive pressure path electromagnetic water valve are sequentially arranged on the pipeline from the gas-liquid supercharger to the pressure transmitter, the other end of the pressure transmitter is communicated with a tensiometer saturator through a pipeline, and the tensiometer is arranged on the tensiometer saturator;
the vacuum pump is connected with the top of the vacuum water tank through a pipeline, a vacuum pneumatic pressure regulating valve and a negative pressure path switching electromagnetic valve are sequentially arranged on the pipeline from the vacuum pump to the vacuum water tank, the top of the vacuum water tank is communicated with the outside atmosphere through the pipeline and a negative pressure path exhaust electromagnetic valve, the vacuum water tank is filled with no water, the bottom of the vacuum water tank is connected with one end of the pressure transmitter through the pipeline, and a negative pressure path electromagnetic water valve is arranged on the pipeline from the vacuum water tank to the pressure transmitter.
The electric input ends of the two-position five-way pneumatic electromagnetic valve, the positive pressure path electromagnetic water valve, the negative pressure path switch electromagnetic valve, the negative pressure path exhaust electromagnetic valve and the negative pressure path electromagnetic water valve are respectively connected with an electric output port of the programmable controller.
The tension meter saturator is a monomer type tension meter saturator A or a tension meter saturator group B; monomer formula tensiometer saturator A mainly comprises the eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plate of two symmetries, the ya keli cavity, to drawing the screw rod to form, two eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plate parallel interval arrangement, the ya keli cavity dress is between two eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plates, be connected with the bolt through drawing the screw rod between two eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plates, the eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plate of ya keli cavity one end is through stereoplasm PA pipe and pressure transmitter's one end intercommunication, the stereoplasm PA pipe is sealed fixed with eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plate through the joint, eccentric screw hole has been seted up to the eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plate of the yakeli cavity other end, the tensiometer passes in the sealed cartridge of eccentric screw hole of eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plate to the yakeli cavity other end and fixed through tensiometer fixed establishment.
The tension meter mainly comprises an argil head and a pressure sensor, a port of a detection end of the pressure sensor is provided with a groove, the bottom of the groove is of an annular protrusion structure, a diaphragm of the pressure sensor is arranged below the groove, the argil head is fixedly arranged in the groove of the port of the pressure sensor in a sealing mode, the bottom of the argil head is tightly attached to the annular protrusion structure, the annular protrusion structure between the argil head and the diaphragm of the pressure sensor is a miniature water chamber, and the pressure sensor penetrates through an eccentric threaded hole-opening aluminum plate of a saturator of the tension meter and is inserted into an inner cavity of the acrylic cavity, so that the end face of the argil head extends into the inner cavity of the acrylic cavity.
The pottery clay head dryer comprises a dryer shell, a heater, a fan, a probe type temperature controller and a tensiometer fixed joint; the heater is arranged at the bottom inside the dryer shell, the fan is fixedly connected to one side surface of the dryer shell, a vent hole groove is formed in the other side surface of the dryer shell, and the probe type temperature controller and the tensiometer fixed joint are both fixedly connected to the top of the dryer shell; the tensiometer is arranged on the top of the dryer shell of the argil head dryer through a tensiometer fixing joint.
In the single type tensiometer saturator A, foot pads are fixedly arranged at the end parts of four counter-pulling screw rods close to one side of the tensiometer fixing mechanism; the tension meter saturator group B mainly comprises a plurality of single tension meter saturators A, and the single tension meter saturators A are parallelly fixed on the same L-shaped panel through welding or threaded connection.
2. A tensiometer saturation manufacturing method suitable for the automatic saturation device of the high-range tensiometer comprises the following steps:
Fixing a tension meter on the argil head dryer, and opening the argil head dryer to enable the argil head in the tension meter to exchange water with air in the argil head dryer for drying;
in the step 1, in the drying process, the upper limit temperature and the lower limit temperature of the drying are controlled to be 41 ℃ and 39 ℃, and the following drying time is set at the same time:
if the pottery clay head is initially placed indoors for a long time to be air-dried, the drying time is 30 minutes;
if the pottery clay head is in a wet state initially, the drying time is 2 hours;
Firstly, taking off a tensiometer from an argil head dryer, mounting the tensiometer on a tensiometer saturator, pre-filling an acrylic cavity with at most half of the integral volume of airless water, horizontally placing the tensiometer saturator, and enabling an eccentric through hole of an eccentric threaded perforated aluminum plate to be positioned on the upper side of the central axis of the acrylic cavity so as to finally enable the argil head to be in contactless with water;
then, closing the electromagnetic water valve of the positive pressure path, opening the electromagnetic water valve of the negative pressure path and a vacuum pump, continuously vacuumizing for a period of time by using the vacuum pump to ensure that the inner cavity of the sub-gram force cavity and the pipeline are in a vacuum state, vertically placing a tensiometer saturator to ensure that no water submerges the clay head of the tensiometer, and continuously vacuumizing for a period of time to complete the initial saturation process;
Respectively controlling the opening and closing of the positive pressure path electromagnetic water valve and the negative pressure path electromagnetic water valve, and performing a prepressing cyclic saturation process;
And sequentially carrying out two steps of data acquisition calibration and free evaporation test.
The step 3 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 31, closing the negative road pressing switch electromagnetic valve, and then opening the negative road pressing exhaust electromagnetic valve for a period of time, so that the outside air enters the vacuum water tank to push the original airless water in the vacuum water tank to supplement the airless water to the acrylic cavity and the pipeline which are not filled with water;
step 32, closing a negative pressure road exhaust electromagnetic valve and a negative pressure road electromagnetic water valve, opening an air compressor after the acrylic cavity and the pipeline are filled with no water, opening a two-position five-way pneumatic electromagnetic valve and a positive pressure road electromagnetic water valve, inputting compressed air generated by the air compressor into the gas-liquid supercharger, pushing an air cylinder of the gas-liquid supercharger to move forward to apply positive water pressure to the pipeline, and starting a positive water pressure saturation process for a period of time;
and step 34, forming a primary prepressing cyclic saturation process by sequentially performing the primary positive water pressure saturation process and the primary negative water pressure saturation process, and repeating the prepressing cyclic saturation process at least twice.
The step 4 is specifically as follows:
step 41, closing the positive pressure path electromagnetic water valve and the negative pressure path exhaust electromagnetic valve, opening the negative pressure path electromagnetic water valve and the vacuum pump, adjusting the vacuum pressure regulating valve to discharge the air pressure in the tension meter saturator to the atmospheric pressure, recording the air pressure value of the pressure transmitter and the output voltage of the pressure sensor of the tension meter at the moment, and calibrating according to the air pressure value of the pressure transmitter to obtain a corresponding still water pressure value;
the hydrostatic pressure value is obtained by correcting and calibrating the air pressure value of the pressure transmitter according to the height of the water level in the acrylic cavity;
42, regulating the output negative pressure of the vacuum pump through a vacuum pressure regulating valve, controlling the vacuum degree in a saturator of the tensiometer to increase step by step, finally increasing the vacuum degree to the maximum vacuum degree which can be output by the vacuum pump, recording the air pressure value of the pressure transmitter and the output voltage of the pressure sensor of the tensiometer during each stage of vacuum degree, and calibrating according to the air pressure value of the pressure transmitter to obtain the corresponding hydrostatic pressure;
step 43, performing linear fitting regression on the output voltage and the hydrostatic pressure of the pressure sensor under the atmospheric pressure and different vacuum degrees to obtain the corresponding relation between the output voltage and the hydrostatic pressure of the pressure sensor, and performing the following judgment:
goodness of Linear fit R 2 If the pressure is more than or equal to 0.95, the tensiometer can normally work in the pressure range of 0 to-100 kPa, and the step 44 is carried out for next verification;
goodness of Linear fit R 2 If the value is less than 0.95, the tensiometer does not work normally, the manufacture is unqualified, and the saturation manufacture treatment of the tensiometer is needed to be carried out again from the step 1;
step 44, taking out the tensiometer from the tensiometer saturator, quickly wiping off redundant moisture on the surface of the argil head by using wet cloth, and placing the tensiometer in the air for free evaporation; in the free evaporation process, the output voltage acquired by the pressure sensor in real time is converted according to the linear relationship obtained in step 43 to obtain a corresponding pressure reading, and the following judgment is performed:
if the pressure reading is reduced to be lower than-100 kPa, the tensiometer works normally, the manufacture is qualified, and the tensiometer is placed back into the airless water for standby;
and if the pressure reading cannot be reduced to be lower than-100 kPa, the tensiometer does not work normally, the manufacture is unqualified, and the saturated manufacture treatment of the tensiometer needs to be carried out again from the step 1.
In the step 3, after the first pre-pressing cyclic saturation process is finished and before the second pre-pressing cyclic saturation process is carried out, the programmable controller controls the negative road roller switch electromagnetic valve to be closed and the negative road roller exhaust electromagnetic valve to be opened, the step 31 is carried out, and the vacuum water tank supplies no-air water to the pipeline.
The invention can be used for the rapid and reliable saturation of the Gao Liangcheng tensiometer, and has great value for reducing the saturation use difficulty and complexity of the high-range tensiometer. The invention provides a complete saturation method of a high-range tensiometer, and except that manual operation is needed in the early stage of the initial saturation process, the other saturation steps are automatically completed by controlling each electromagnetic valve by a programmable controller, so that the saturation time is greatly shortened, and the positive water pressure required by saturation is reduced.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can automatically, quickly and reliably saturate the high-range tensiometer, reduces the positive water pressure and saturation time required by saturation, and greatly improves the convenience of using the high-range tensiometer.
2. The gas-liquid supercharger is adopted to apply positive water pressure required in the saturation process, so that the problem of gas dissolution is avoided, the pressure regulating range is flexible, the electromagnetic valve is convenient to control, and the cost is low.
3. The design of the tension meter saturator aiming at the saturation of a single tension meter and a plurality of tension meters is provided, and the erection operation difficulty of the device under the condition of different tension meter quantities in the saturation process is reduced.
4. The saturation device provided by the invention has the advantages of small volume, high component assembly degree and convenience in installation and use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automated saturation apparatus for a high-range tensiometer;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a one-piece strain gauge saturator;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a strain gauge saturator set;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a clay head dryer;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a tensiometer configuration;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a complete saturation calibration process.
In the figure: 1. an air compressor; 2. a vacuum pump; 3. a positive pressure pneumatic pressure regulating valve; 4. a vacuum pneumatic pressure regulating valve; 5. a two-position five-way pneumatic solenoid valve; 6. a road leveling electromagnetic water valve; 7. a negative road pressing switch electromagnetic valve; 8. negative road pressing exhaust electromagnetic valve; 9. a negative road pressure electromagnetic water valve; 10. a gas-liquid supercharger; 11. a vacuum water tank; 12. a liquid pressure reducing valve; 13. a programmable controller; 14. a pressure transmitter; 15. a tensiometer saturator; 1501. an eccentric threaded tapping aluminum plate; 1502. an acrylic cavity; 1503. oppositely pulling the screw rod; 1504. a ferrule fitting; 1505. a rigid PA tube; 1506. a tensiometer fixing mechanism; 1507. a foot pad; 1508. an L-shaped panel; 15A, a monomer type tensiometer saturator; 15B, a tension meter saturator group; 16. a pottery clay head dryer; 1601. a dryer housing; 1602. a heater; 1603. a fan; 1604. a probe type temperature controller; 1605. a tensiometer fixed joint; 17. a tensiometer; 1701. a clay head; 1702. a micro water chamber; 1703. a pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and implementation steps.
As shown in fig. 1, the automatic saturation device includes an air compressor 1, a vacuum pump 2, a positive pressure pneumatic pressure regulating valve 3, a vacuum pneumatic pressure regulating valve 4, a two-position five-way pneumatic solenoid valve 5, a positive pressure path solenoid water valve 6, a negative pressure path switching solenoid valve 7, a negative pressure path exhaust solenoid valve 8, a negative pressure path solenoid water valve 9, a liquid pressure reducing valve 12, a gas-liquid supercharger 10, a vacuum water tank 11, a pressure transmitter 14 and a tensiometer saturator 15;
the air compressor 1 is connected with the air pressure input end of the gas-liquid supercharger 10 through a pipeline, a positive pressure pneumatic pressure regulating valve 3 and a two-position five-way pneumatic solenoid valve 5 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline from the air compressor 1 to the gas-liquid supercharger 10, the water pressure output end of the gas-liquid supercharger 10 is connected with one end of a pressure transmitter 14 through a pipeline, a liquid pressure reducing valve 12 and a positive pressure path electromagnetic water valve 6 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline from the gas-liquid supercharger 10 to the pressure transmitter 14, the other end of the pressure transmitter 14 is communicated with a tensiometer saturator 15 through a pipeline, and a tensiometer 17 is arranged on the tensiometer saturator 15;
the vacuum pump 2 is connected with the top of the vacuum water tank 11 through a pipeline, a vacuum pneumatic pressure regulating valve 4 and a negative pressure path switching electromagnetic valve 7 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline from the vacuum pump 2 to the vacuum water tank 11, the top of the vacuum water tank 11 is communicated with the outside atmosphere through a pipeline and a negative pressure path exhaust electromagnetic valve 8, airless water is pre-filled in the vacuum water tank 11, the bottom of the vacuum water tank 11 is connected with one end of a pressure transmitter 14 through a pipeline, and a negative pressure path electromagnetic water valve 9 is arranged on the pipeline from the vacuum water tank 11 to the pressure transmitter 14.
The automatic saturation device further comprises a programmable controller 13, and the electrical input ends of the two-position five-way pneumatic electromagnetic valve 5, the positive pressure path electromagnetic water valve 6, the negative pressure path switching electromagnetic valve 7, the negative pressure path exhaust electromagnetic valve 8 and the negative pressure path electromagnetic water valve 9 are connected with the electrical output port of the programmable controller 13.
The air compressor 1 and the vacuum pump 2 respectively provide a positive pressure source and a negative pressure source required by the saturation of the tensiometer 17; the opening and closing states of the two-position five-way pneumatic electromagnetic valve 5, the positive pressure path electromagnetic water valve 6, the negative pressure path switching electromagnetic valve 7, the negative pressure path exhaust electromagnetic valve 8 and the negative pressure path electromagnetic water valve 9 are controlled by a programmable controller 13, and the device automatically executes a cycle process required by saturation of the tensiometer 17 according to a self-defined preset program; the gas-liquid supercharger 10 converts the gas source pressure generated by the air compressor 1 into proportional amplified water pressure through the cylinder, and provides higher positive water pressure required by the saturation of the tensiometer 17; the positive pressure pneumatic pressure regulating valve 3 and the liquid pressure reducing valve 12 cooperatively control the applied positive water pressure; the vacuum pneumatic pressure regulating valve 4 and the vacuum water tank 11 cooperatively control the negative water pressure of the tensiometer 17 when saturated; the pressure transmitter 14 is used for monitoring and recording the circulation conditions of the positive and negative water pressures in the saturation process and providing a calibration pressure value; after the pottery clay head 1701 in the tension meter 17 is dried, the tension meter 17 can be quickly and reliably saturated by adjusting the water level in the saturator 15 of the tension meter and the horizontal or vertical placement mode of the tension saturator 15, vacuumizing and circularly applying positive and negative water pressure according to a certain sequence by the method; the vacuum pressure regulating valve 4 can regulate the flow degree of the vacuum pump 2 to control the vacuum degree, and further regulate and control the negative water pressure applied to the vacuum water tank 11 and the tensiometer saturator 15 in the tensiometer calibration stage; the positive pressure pneumatic pressure regulating valve 3 can regulate the air pressure input into the air-liquid supercharger 10, and the air-liquid supercharger 10 outputs the water pressure amplified in proportion according to the input air pressure, so the positive pressure pneumatic pressure regulating valve 3 finally regulates the positive water pressure applied to the tension meter saturator 15; the liquid pressure reducing valve 12 is used for limiting the positive water pressure converted and output by the gas-liquid supercharger 10 so as to prevent the excessive positive water pressure output by the gas-liquid supercharger 10 due to the excessive air pressure at the input end from damaging the tensiometer 17 and the tensiometer saturator 15, and further controlling and adjusting the output positive water pressure.
As shown in fig. 1, the positive water pressure required in the saturation process is applied through a gas-liquid supercharger 10, specifically, compressed air generated by an air compressor 1 is input into the gas-liquid supercharger 10, a cylinder of the gas-liquid supercharger 10 drives a piston with a small area on the other side to extrude a cavity filled with airless water, under the condition that a tensiometer saturator 15 and a pipeline are filled with the airless water, the applied water pressure is converted into water pressure amplified by the same multiple as the area ratio of the pistons on the two sides, the problem that gas is dissolved in water when gas is added directly is solved, the applied water pressure can be adjusted by using a positive pressure pneumatic pressure adjusting valve 3 or adjusting the water pressure by using a liquid pressure reducing valve 12, and different pressurization multiples of the gas-liquid supercharger 10 are selected to be adjusted flexibly, and pressurization and pressure relief are automatically controlled by combining a two-position five-way pneumatic solenoid valve 5 and a programmable controller 13.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the tension meter saturator 15 is a one-piece tension meter saturator 15A or a tension meter saturator group 15B; monomer formula tensiometer saturator 15A mainly comprises two eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plates 1501 of symmetry, ya keli cavity 1502, to drawing the screw 1503 and forming, two parallel interval arrangements of eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plates 1501, ya keli cavity 1502 adorns between two eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plates 1501, be connected with the bolt through drawing screw 1503 between two eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plates 1501, thereby yakeli cavity 1502 is compressed tightly to be fixed between two eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plates 1501, eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plate 1501 of yakeli cavity 1502 one end communicates through the one end of stereoplasm PA pipe 1505 and pressure transmitter 14, stereoplasm PA pipe 1505 is sealed fixed with the corresponding eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plate 1501 of yakeli cavity 1502 one end through cutting ferrule 1504, set up eccentric screw hole on the eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plate 1501 of yakeli cavity 1502 other end, tensiometer 17 passes the sealed cartridge of the corresponding eccentric screw hole aluminum plate 1501 of yakeli cavity 1502 in the other end of yakeli cavity 1502 and passes tensiometer fixed establishment 1506.
5(1) and 5(2), the tension meter 17 mainly comprises a clay head 1701 and a pressure sensor 1703, a port at the detection end of the pressure sensor 1703 is provided with a groove, the bottom of the groove is in an annular protrusion structure, a diaphragm of the pressure sensor 1703 is arranged below the groove, the clay head 1701 is hermetically installed and fixed in the groove at the port of the pressure sensor 1703, the bottom of the clay head 1701 is tightly attached to the annular protrusion structure, the bottom of the clay head 1701 is not in contact with the diaphragm of the pressure sensor 1703 due to the existence of the annular protrusion structure, the annular protrusion structure between the clay head 1701 and the diaphragm of the pressure sensor 1703 is a micro water chamber 1702 for containing non-aerated water, and the pressure sensor 1703 passes through an eccentric threaded opening aluminum plate 1501 of a tension meter saturator 15 and is inserted into an inner cavity of an acrylic cavity 1502, so that the end face of the clay head 1701 extends into the inner cavity of the acrylic cavity 1502 to be in contact with water or air in the acrylic cavity 1502. The periphery of the clay head 1701 is hermetically connected with the inner wall of the groove of the pressure sensor 1703 through epoxy resin glue.
The tensiometer 17 is a high range tensiometer, and the high range specifically means that the substrate suction measuring range of the tensiometer is more than 100kPa, or the external negative pressure measuring range is less than-100 kPa.
The kaolin heads 1701 are high air intake values, specifically, high air intake values, which means that the external suction force at the beginning of air entering the saturated kaolin heads 1701 is greater than 100kPa, so that the tensiometer 17 has the ability to measure the substrate suction force above 100kPa.
The clay head 1701 of the tensiometer 17 is typically in the form of a microporous ceramic wafer structure with continuous pores that are permeable to water and have a small maximum pore size, with the external suction of gas permeation and ingress at pore saturation being greater than 100kPa.
As shown in fig. 4, a tension meter inserted argil head dryer 16 is used for drying argil heads 1701, and the argil head dryer 16 comprises a dryer housing 1601, a heater 1602, a fan 1603, a probe type temperature controller 1604 and a tension meter fixing joint 1605; the heater 1602 is installed at the bottom inside the dryer shell 1601, the fan 1603 is fixedly connected to one side surface of the dryer shell 1601, the other side surface of the dryer shell 1601 is provided with a vent groove, and the probe type temperature controller 1604 and the tension meter fixed joint 1605 are both fixedly connected to the top of the dryer shell 1601; a tension meter 17 is arranged on the top of the dryer shell 1601 of the clay head dryer 16 through a tension meter fixing joint 1605.
A tensiometer fixing joint 1605 adopted by the argil head dryer 16 and a tensiometer fixing mechanism 1506 in the tensiometer saturator 15 are the same component. Probe formula temperature controller 1604 reads and controls argil head drying apparatus 16 internal environment temperature, when heater 1602 heats to the preset upper limit temperature of stoving, probe formula temperature controller 1604 will break heater 1602 power, open fan 1603 power, when the temperature drops to the preset lower limit temperature of stoving, probe formula temperature controller 1604 will open heater 1602 power, break off fan 1603 power simultaneously, so reciprocal, the upper limit temperature and the lower limit temperature of preset stoving are 41 ℃ and 39 ℃ respectively.
As shown in fig. 2, in the single-body type tensiometer saturator 15A, the vertical projection surfaces of the four foot pads 1507 fixed on the ends of the four counter-pulling screws 1503 near to the tensiometer fixing mechanism 1506 do not exceed the range of the vertical projection surface of the eccentric threaded perforated aluminum plate 1501, so that the single-body type tensiometer saturator 15A can be vertically and stably placed without affecting the horizontal placement of the single-body type tensiometer saturator 15A; as shown in fig. 3, the tension meter saturator group 15B is mainly composed of a plurality of single tension meter saturators 15A, and the plurality of single tension meter saturators 15A are fixed on the same L-shaped panel 1508 in parallel by welding or screwing.
The single tensiometer saturator 15A is used for single saturation of one tensiometer, and the tensiometer saturator group 15B is used for cooperative saturation of a plurality of tensiometers.
When the tension meter saturator group 15B is assembled and fixed, the eccentric threaded hole of the eccentric threaded perforated aluminum plate 1501 is located on one side far away from the L-shaped panel, and the eccentric threaded hole of the eccentric threaded perforated aluminum plate 1501 is arranged so that the tension meter 17 can be located on the water surface of the horizontal central axis when the tension meter saturator group 15B is horizontally placed in the saturation manufacturing process.
The tensiometer fixing mechanism 1506 is located at the short side of the L-shaped panel, that is, when the L-shaped panel is horizontally placed with the short side, and the tensiometer saturator is vertically placed, the argil head 1701 can be immersed by water contained in the tensiometer saturator group 15B.
When the tension meter saturator 15 is vertically arranged, the counter-pull screw 1503 is vertically arranged, the upper end of the acrylic cavity 1502 is communicated with the hard PA pipe 1505, and the lower end of the acrylic cavity 1502 is communicated with the clay head 1701 of the tension meter 17;
when the tension meter saturator 15 is horizontally arranged, the opposite pull screw 1503 is horizontally arranged, and the left end and the right end of the acrylic cavity 1502 are respectively communicated with the hard PA pipe 1505 and the clay head 1701 of the tension meter 17.
The implementation process of the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
Fixing a tension meter 17 on the argil head dryer 16 through a tension meter fixing joint 1605, and starting a power supply of a probe type temperature controller 1604 of the argil head dryer 16 to enable the argil head 1701 in the tension meter 17 to exchange water with heated and dried air in the argil head dryer 16 for drying;
in the drying process, the upper limit temperature and the lower limit temperature of the drying are controlled to be 41 ℃ and 39 ℃, and the following drying time is set at the same time:
if the argil head 1701 is initially placed indoors for a long time for air drying, the drying time is 30 minutes;
if the clay head 1701 is initially in a wet state, the drying time is prolonged to 2 hours;
Firstly, taking down a tensiometer 17 from a clay head dryer 16 and then installing the tensiometer 17 on a tensiometer saturator 15, pre-filling the acrylic cavity 1502 with at most half of the whole volume of airless water, horizontally placing the tensiometer saturator 15, enabling the eccentric through hole of the eccentric threaded perforated aluminum plate 1501 to be positioned on the upper side of the horizontal central axis of the acrylic cavity 1502, and enabling the water level in the acrylic cavity 1502 to be not reached to the central axis or just reached to the central axis, so that the tensiometer 17 is positioned above the water level in the acrylic cavity 1502, and finally enabling the clay head 1701 to be in no contact with water;
then, closing the electromagnetic water valve 6 of the positive pressure path, opening the electromagnetic water valve 9 of the negative pressure path and the vacuum pump 2, normally opening the pressure transmitter 14, continuously vacuumizing for a period of time by using the vacuum pump 2 to enable the inner cavity of the acrylic cavity 1502 and the pipeline to be in a vacuum state, vacuumizing for 10 minutes in specific implementation, vertically placing the saturator 15 of the tensiometer to enable the argil head 1701 of the tensiometer 17 to be immersed without water, continuously vacuumizing for a period of time, and vacuumizing for 1 hour in specific implementation to complete an initial saturation process;
After the initial saturation process is completed, the opening and the closing of the positive pressure path electromagnetic water valve 6 and the negative pressure path electromagnetic water valve 9 are respectively controlled, positive water pressure and negative water pressure are applied to the tensiometer saturator 15, and a prepressing circulation saturation process is carried out:
step 31, firstly closing a negative pressure path switching electromagnetic valve 7 between a vacuum water tank 11 and a vacuum pump 2 through a programmable controller 13, and then opening a negative pressure path exhaust electromagnetic valve 8 at the top of the vacuum water tank 11 for a period of time, wherein the specific implementation period of time is 60 seconds, the vacuum water tank 11 is filled with airless water in advance, and due to the fact that air pressure difference and imbalance exist inside and outside the vacuum water tank 11, outside air enters the vacuum water tank 11 to further push the original airless water in the vacuum water tank 11 to supplement the airless water to an acrylic cavity 1502 and a pipeline which are not filled with water;
step 32, closing a negative pressure path exhaust electromagnetic valve 8 and a negative pressure path electromagnetic water valve 9 at the top of the vacuum water tank 11, keeping a tensiometer saturator 15 in a vertical state after an acrylic cavity 1502 and a pipeline are filled with airless water, opening an air compressor 1 and keeping an opening state, then opening a two-position five-way pneumatic electromagnetic valve 5 and a positive pressure path electromagnetic water valve 6 at the front end of the air-liquid supercharger 10 by a programmable controller 13, adjusting the output air pressure of the air compressor 1 by a positive pressure pneumatic pressure adjusting valve 3, inputting compressed air generated by the air compressor 1 into the air-liquid supercharger 10, pushing an air cylinder of the air-liquid supercharger 10 to move forward to apply positive pressure to the pipeline, starting a positive water pressure saturation process for a period of time, and specifically continuing for 2 hours;
in the positive water pressure saturation process, the positive water pressure is set to 900kPa, if the amplification factor of the gas-liquid supercharger is 5 times, the gas source pressure is adjusted to 160kPa through the positive pressure pneumatic pressure regulating valve, and the positive water pressure can also be finely adjusted by using the liquid pressure reducing valve.
in the specific implementation, a positive water pressure saturation process of 900kPa for 2 hours and a negative water pressure saturation process of 98kPa for 1 hour are carried out as a complete prepressing circulation saturation process.
And step 34, forming a primary pre-pressing cyclic saturation process by sequentially performing the primary positive water pressure saturation process and the primary negative water pressure saturation process, and repeating the pre-pressing cyclic saturation process at least twice, namely repeating the whole process from the step 32 to the step 33 twice.
The saturation step, duration of each stage, and magnitude of applied water pressure of the saturation process are schematically shown in sub-diagram 6(1) of fig. 6.
The saturation process of each pre-pressing cycle still needs to repeat the step 31, and the vacuum water tank 11 replenishes the pipeline with the airless water.
The pre-compaction cycle saturation process defines a program infinite cycle through the programmable controller 11, and records the actual cycle times through manual timing or a data acquisition system.
In the initial saturation of step 2 and the subsequent pre-pressing cycle saturation of step 3, the vacuum state pressure is applied with the maximum vacuum degree of the vacuum pump 2.
And sequentially carrying out data acquisition calibration and free evaporation.
And step 41, restarting the programmable controller 13 to enable the device to return to the vacuum-pumping state again. Specifically, a positive pressure path electromagnetic water valve 6 and a negative pressure path exhaust electromagnetic valve 8 are closed, a negative pressure path electromagnetic water valve 9 and a vacuum pump 2 are opened, and the vacuum pump 2 is utilized for vacuumizing treatment; adjusting the vacuum pressure regulating valve 4 to discharge the air pressure in the tension meter saturator 15 to the atmospheric pressure, recording the air pressure value of the pressure transmitter 14 and the output voltage of the pressure sensor 1703 of the tension meter 17 at the moment, and calibrating according to the air pressure value of the pressure transmitter 14 to obtain a hydrostatic pressure value corresponding to the output voltage, wherein the process is shown in a sub-graph 6(2) in fig. 6;
the hydrostatic pressure value is obtained by correcting and calibrating the air pressure value of the pressure transmitter 14 according to the height of the water level in the acrylic cavity 1502; the concrete implementation is that the pressure generated by the height of the water level in the acrylic cavity 1502 is superposed on the air pressure value to obtain the hydrostatic pressure, and the hydrostatic pressure = the air pressure output by the pressure transmitter + the water in the acrylic cavity is the corresponding water pressure of the height.
Step 42, regulating the output negative pressure of the vacuum pump 2 through the vacuum pressure regulating valve 4, controlling the vacuum degree in the tension meter saturator 15 to increase step by step, finally increasing the vacuum degree to the maximum vacuum degree which can be output by the vacuum pump 2, recording the air pressure value of the pressure transmitter 14 and the output voltage of the pressure sensor 1703 of the tension meter 17 at each stage of vacuum degree, and calibrating according to the air pressure value of the pressure transmitter 14 to obtain the corresponding hydrostatic pressure;
in specific implementation, the vacuum degree is increased gradually in at least 5 stages.
Step 43, performing linear fitting regression on the output voltage and the hydrostatic pressure of the pressure sensor 1703 under the atmospheric pressure and different vacuum degrees by using a least square method to obtain a corresponding relation between the output voltage and the hydrostatic pressure of the pressure sensor 1703, and performing the following judgment:
goodness of Linear fit R 2 If the pressure is more than or equal to 0.95, the tensiometer 17 can normally work in the pressure range of 0-100 kPa (or the substrate suction force of 0-100 kPa), and the next verification is carried out in the step 44;
goodness of Linear fit R 2 If the value is less than 0.95, the tension meter 17 does not work normally, the manufacture is not qualified, and the saturation manufacture treatment of the tension meter needs to be carried out again from the step 1.
The linear fit regression process is shown in subgraph 6(3) in fig. 6.
Taking the output voltage of the pressure sensor 1703 at each vacuum degree as the abscissa and the corresponding corrected hydrostatic pressure as the ordinate, performing linear regression on each discrete point by using a least square method, so as to obtain the R of the fitting result 2 A value of 1 or less indicates that the tensiometer of the invention is capable of operating in the suction range of 0 to 100kPa.
Step 44, performing free evaporation:
taking the tensiometer 17 out of the tensiometer saturator 15, quickly wiping off redundant moisture on the surface of the argil head 1701 by using wet cloth, and placing the tensiometer 17 in the air for free evaporation; in the free evaporation process, the output voltage acquired by the pressure sensor 1703 in real time is converted according to the linear relationship obtained in step 43 to obtain a corresponding pressure reading, and the following judgment is performed:
if the pressure reading is reduced to be lower than-100 kPa (namely the substrate suction reading is larger than or equal to 100 kPa), the tensiometer 17 works normally, the manufacture is qualified, and the tensiometer 17 is quickly placed back to the air-free water for standby so as to prevent the tensiometer 17 from cavitation;
if the pressure reading fails to fall below-100 kPa (i.e., the substrate suction reading is less than 100 kPa), the tensiometer 17 is not working properly and the manufacturing is not qualified, and the tensiometer saturation manufacturing process is required to be repeated from step 1.
A qualified free evaporation process is shown in subfigure 6(4) in fig. 6.
In step 3, after the first pre-pressing cyclic saturation process is finished and before the second pre-pressing cyclic saturation process is carried out, the programmable controller 13 controls the negative road roller switch electromagnetic valve 7 to be closed and the negative road roller exhaust electromagnetic valve 8 to be opened, step 31 is carried out, the vacuum water tank 11 supplies no water to the pipeline, and the rest steps are completely consistent with the first pre-pressing cyclic saturation process.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an automatic saturation device of high range tensiometer which characterized in that:
the device comprises an air compressor (1), a vacuum pump (2), a positive pressure pneumatic pressure regulating valve (3), a vacuum pneumatic pressure regulating valve (4), a two-position five-way pneumatic solenoid valve (5), a positive pressure path solenoid valve (6), a negative pressure path switch solenoid valve (7), a negative pressure path exhaust solenoid valve (8), a negative pressure path solenoid valve (9), a liquid pressure reducing valve (12), a gas-liquid supercharger (10), a vacuum water tank (11), a pressure transmitter (14) and a tensimeter saturator (15);
the air compressor (1) is connected with the air pressure input end of the air-liquid supercharger (10) through a pipeline, a positive pressure pneumatic pressure regulating valve (3) and a two-position five-way pneumatic solenoid valve (5) are sequentially arranged on the pipeline from the air compressor (1) to the air-liquid supercharger (10), the water pressure output end of the air-liquid supercharger (10) is connected with one end of a pressure transmitter (14) through a pipeline, a liquid pressure reducing valve (12) and a positive pressure path electromagnetic water valve (6) are sequentially arranged on the pipeline from the air-liquid supercharger (10) to the pressure transmitter (14), the other end of the pressure transmitter (14) is communicated with a tensiometer saturator (15) through a pipeline, and a tensiometer (17) is installed on the tensiometer saturator (15);
the vacuum pump (2) is connected with the top of the vacuum water tank (11) through a pipeline, a vacuum pneumatic pressure regulating valve (4) and a negative pressure path switching electromagnetic valve (7) are sequentially arranged on the pipeline from the vacuum pump (2) to the vacuum water tank (11), the top of the vacuum water tank (11) is communicated with the outside atmosphere through a pipeline and a negative pressure path exhaust electromagnetic valve (8), airless water is filled in the vacuum water tank (11), the bottom of the vacuum water tank (11) is connected with one end of the pressure transmitter (14) through a pipeline, and a negative pressure path electromagnetic water valve (9) is arranged on the pipeline from the vacuum water tank (11) to the pressure transmitter (14).
2. The automated saturation device of high-range tensiometer according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the device is characterized by further comprising a programmable controller (13), wherein the electrical input ends of the two-position five-way pneumatic electromagnetic valve (5), the positive pressure circuit electromagnetic water valve (6), the negative pressure circuit switching electromagnetic valve (7), the negative pressure circuit exhaust electromagnetic valve (8) and the negative pressure circuit electromagnetic water valve (9) are respectively connected with the electrical output port of the programmable controller (13).
3. The automated saturation device of high-range tensiometer according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the tension meter saturator (15) is a single type tension meter saturator (15A) or a tension meter saturator group (15B); monomer formula tensiometer saturator (15A) mainly by eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plate (1501) of two symmetries, ya keli cavity (1502), constitute to drawing screw rod (1503), two parallel interval arrangements of eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plate (1501), yakeli cavity (1502) dress is between two eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plate (1501), be connected with the bolt through drawing screw rod (1503) between two eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plate (1501), eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plate (1501) of yakeli cavity (1502) one end communicate through the one end of stereoplasm PA pipe (1505) and pressure transmitter (14), stereoplasm PA pipe (1505) are sealed fixedly through cutting ferrule (1504) and eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plate (1501), eccentric screw hole has been seted up to eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plate (1501) of yakeli cavity (1502) other end, tensiometer (17) pass eccentric screw hole sealed cartridge to yakeli cavity (1502) other end of eccentric screw thread trompil aluminum plate (1501) and are fixed through tensiometer fixed establishment (1506).
4. A high-range tensiometer automatic saturation device according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the tension meter (17) mainly comprises a pottery clay head (1701) and a pressure sensor (1703), a groove is formed in a port of a detection end of the pressure sensor (1703), the bottom of the groove is of an annular protruding structure, a diaphragm of the pressure sensor 1703 is arranged below the groove, the pottery clay head (1701) is hermetically installed and fixed in the groove of the port of the pressure sensor (1703), the bottom of the pottery clay head (1701) is tightly attached to the annular protruding structure, the annular protruding structure between the pottery clay head (1701) and the diaphragm of the pressure sensor (1703) is a miniature water chamber (1702), and the pressure sensor (1703) penetrates through an eccentric threaded hole aluminum plate (1501) of a tension meter saturator (15) and is inserted into an inner cavity of an acrylic cavity (1502) so that the end face of the pottery clay head (1701) extends into the inner cavity of the acrylic cavity (1502).
5. The automated saturation device of high-range tensiometer according to claim 4, wherein:
the argil head dryer (16) comprises a dryer shell (1601), a heater (1602), a fan (1603), a probe type temperature controller (1604) and a tensiometer fixing joint (1605); the heater (1602) is installed at the bottom inside the dryer shell (1601), the fan (1603) is fixedly connected to one side face of the dryer shell (1601), a vent hole groove is formed in the other side face of the dryer shell (1601), and the probe type temperature controller (1604) and the tensiometer fixed joint (1605) are both fixedly connected to the top of the dryer shell (1601); the tension meter (17) is arranged at the top of a dryer shell (1601) of the argil head dryer (16) through a tension meter fixing joint (1605).
6. The automated saturation device of high-range tensiometer according to claim 3, wherein:
in the single type tensiometer saturator (15A), foot pads (1507) are fixedly arranged at the end parts of four counter-pulling screw rods (1503) close to one side of the tensiometer fixing mechanism (1506); the tension meter saturator group (15B) mainly comprises a plurality of single tension meter saturators (15A), and the single tension meter saturators (15A) are fixed on the same L-shaped panel (1508) in parallel through welding or threaded connection.
7. A tensiometer saturation manufacturing method applied to the automatic saturation device of the high range tensiometer according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the saturation process comprises the following steps:
step 1, drying the clay head
Fixing a tension meter (17) on a pottery clay head dryer (16), starting the pottery clay head dryer (16), and performing moisture exchange between a pottery clay head (1701) in the tension meter (17) and air in the pottery clay head dryer (16) for drying;
in the step 1, in the drying process, the upper limit temperature and the lower limit temperature of the drying are controlled to be 41 ℃ and 39 ℃, and the following drying time is set at the same time:
if the pottery clay head (1701) is initially placed indoors for a long time to be air-dried, the drying time is 30 minutes;
if the argil head (1701) is in a wet state initially, the drying time is 2 hours;
step 2, initial saturation
Firstly, taking down a tensiometer (17) from a argil head dryer (16), then installing the tensiometer on a tensiometer saturator (15), pre-filling airless water with at most half of the whole volume into an acrylic cavity (1502), horizontally placing the tensiometer saturator (15), and enabling eccentric through holes of an eccentric threaded perforated aluminum plate (1501) to be positioned on the upper side of the central axis of the acrylic cavity (1502) so as to finally enable the argil head (1701) to be in contactless with the water;
then, closing the positive road pressing electromagnetic water valve (6), opening the negative road pressing electromagnetic water valve (9) and the vacuum pump (2), continuously vacuumizing for a period of time by using the vacuum pump (2), so that the inner cavity and the pipeline of the acrylic cavity (1502) are in a vacuum state, vertically placing the tensiometer saturator (15) so that the argil head (1701) of the tensiometer (17) is immersed without water, and continuously vacuumizing for a period of time to complete an initial saturation process;
step 3, prepressing circulation saturation
Respectively controlling the opening and closing of the positive pressure road electromagnetic water valve (6) and the negative pressure road electromagnetic water valve (9) to carry out a prepressing cyclic saturation process;
step 4, calibrating the tensiometer
And sequentially carrying out two steps of data acquisition calibration and free evaporation test.
8. The method for saturation manufacturing of a tensiometer of an automatic saturation device of a high-range tensiometer according to claim 7, characterized in that:
the step 3 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 31, closing the negative pressure road switch electromagnetic valve (7), and then opening the negative pressure road exhaust electromagnetic valve (8) for a period of time, so that outside air enters the vacuum water tank (11) to push original airless water in the vacuum water tank (11) to supplement airless water to the acrylic cavity (1502) and the pipeline which are not filled with water;
step 32, closing a negative pressure road exhaust electromagnetic valve (8) and a negative pressure path electromagnetic water valve (9), after an acrylic cavity (1502) and a pipeline are filled with airless water, opening an air compressor (1), then opening a two-position five-way pneumatic electromagnetic valve (5) and a positive pressure path electromagnetic water valve (6), enabling the air compressor (1) to generate compressed air to be input into a gas-liquid supercharger (10), pushing an air cylinder of the gas-liquid supercharger (10) to move forwards to apply positive water pressure to the pipeline, and starting a positive water pressure saturation process for a period of time;
step 33, after the positive water pressure saturation process, closing the positive road pressing electromagnetic water valve (6), opening the negative road pressing electromagnetic water valve (9) and the negative road pressing switching electromagnetic valve (7), continuously vacuumizing for a period of time at the maximum vacuum degree by using the vacuum pump (2), so that the inner cavity and the pipeline of the acrylic cavity (1502) are in a vacuum state, and starting the negative water pressure saturation process for a period of time;
and step 34, forming a primary prepressing cyclic saturation process by sequentially performing the primary positive water pressure saturation process and the primary negative water pressure saturation process, and repeating the prepressing cyclic saturation process at least twice.
9. The tensiometer saturation manufacturing method of the automatic saturation device of high-range tensiometer according to claim 7, characterized in that:
the step 4 is specifically as follows:
step 41, closing a positive pressure road electromagnetic water valve (6) and a negative pressure road exhaust electromagnetic valve (8), opening a negative pressure road electromagnetic water valve (9) and a vacuum pump (2), adjusting a vacuum pressure regulating valve (4) to discharge the air pressure in a tensiometer saturator (15) to the atmospheric pressure, recording the air pressure value of a pressure transmitter (14) and the output voltage of a pressure sensor (1703) of a tensiometer (17) at the moment, and calibrating according to the air pressure value of the pressure transmitter (14) to obtain a corresponding still water pressure value;
the hydrostatic pressure value is obtained by correcting and calibrating the air pressure value of the pressure transmitter (14) according to the height of the water level in the acrylic cavity (1502);
42, regulating the output negative pressure of the vacuum pump (2) through the vacuum pressure regulating valve (4), controlling the vacuum degree in the tension meter saturator (15) to increase step by step, finally increasing the vacuum degree to the maximum vacuum degree which can be output by the vacuum pump (2), recording the air pressure value of the pressure transmitter (14) and the output voltage of the pressure sensor (1703) of the tension meter (17) in each stage of vacuum degree, and calibrating according to the air pressure value of the pressure transmitter (14) to obtain the corresponding hydrostatic pressure;
step 43, performing linear fitting regression on the output voltage and the hydrostatic pressure of the pressure sensor (1703) under the atmospheric pressure and different vacuum degrees to obtain the corresponding relation between the output voltage and the hydrostatic pressure of the pressure sensor (1703), and performing the following judgment:
goodness of Linear fit R 2 If the pressure is more than or equal to 0.95, the tensiometer (17) can normally work in the pressure range of 0 to-100 kPa, and the next step of verification is carried out in step 44;
goodness of Linear fit R 2 If the working speed is less than 0.95, the tensiometer (17) does not work normally, the manufacture is unqualified, and the saturation manufacture treatment of the tensiometer is required to be carried out again from the step 1;
step 44, taking out the tensiometer (17) from the tensiometer saturator (15), quickly wiping off redundant moisture on the surface of the argil head (1701) by using wet cloth, and placing the tensiometer (17) in the air for free evaporation; in the free evaporation process, according to the linear relation obtained in the step 43, the output voltage acquired by the pressure sensor (1703) in real time is converted to obtain a corresponding pressure reading, and the following judgment is carried out:
if the pressure reading is reduced to be lower than-100 kPa, the tensiometer (17) works normally, the manufacture is qualified, and the tensiometer (17) is placed back into the airless water for standby;
if the pressure reading can not be reduced to be lower than-100 kPa, the tensiometer (17) does not work normally, the manufacture is unqualified, and the tensiometer saturation manufacture treatment needs to be carried out again from the step 1.
10. The method for saturation manufacturing of a tensiometer of an automatic saturation device of a high-range tensiometer according to claim 8, characterized in that:
in the step 3, after the first pre-pressing cyclic saturation process is finished and before the second pre-pressing cyclic saturation process is carried out, the programmable controller (13) also controls the negative road pressing switch electromagnetic valve (7) to be closed and the negative road pressing exhaust electromagnetic valve (8) to be opened, and the step 31 is carried out, and the vacuum water tank (11) is used for supplementing the pipeline with the airless water.
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