CN115611605A - Solidification and stabilization method for chemical waste liquid disposal ash - Google Patents
Solidification and stabilization method for chemical waste liquid disposal ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN115611605A CN115611605A CN202211335334.5A CN202211335334A CN115611605A CN 115611605 A CN115611605 A CN 115611605A CN 202211335334 A CN202211335334 A CN 202211335334A CN 115611605 A CN115611605 A CN 115611605A
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- 239000002894 chemical waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical compound [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 87
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 8
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 8
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Substances CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009920 chelation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000783 metal toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005185 salting out Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/36—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing sulfur, sulfides or selenium
- C04B28/365—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing sulfur, sulfides or selenium containing sulfides or selenium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/34—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing cold phosphate binders
- C04B28/344—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing cold phosphate binders the phosphate binder being present in the starting composition solely as one or more phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00767—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes
- C04B2111/00784—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes for disposal only
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a solidification and stabilization method of chemical waste liquid disposal ash, which comprises the steps of mixing a heavy metal curing agent in the chemical waste liquid disposal ash to be treated, and then carrying out cement solidification treatment to obtain a solidified landfill block; wherein the heavy metal curing agent is any one or combination of more than two of calcium oxide, sodium sulfide, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. The invention stably solidifies the standard-exceeding heavy metal contained in the chemical waste liquid disposal ash by adding the heavy metal curing agent, the used heavy metal curing agent is a common medicament, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the cost is low, and simultaneously, the invention is matched with a small amount of cement for use, and the stabilization effect of the solidified body is good. The invention has the characteristics of safety, high efficiency and economy, and is easy to apply and popularize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a solidification and stabilization method for chemical waste liquid disposal ash, in particular to stable solidification treatment of high-concentration heavy metal in the chemical waste liquid disposal ash, and belongs to the technical field of hazardous solid waste treatment.
Background
With the rapid growth of industrial development and industrial economy, the yield of hazardous wastes in China is rapidly increased, in 2021, the yield of industrial hazardous wastes and medical hazardous wastes in China is more than 5000 million tons, the increment is large, meanwhile, due to the continuous development of emerging industries and the development of corresponding production technologies, various novel hazardous wastes continuously appear, and the disposal difficulty is also continuously increased. Because of the difference of original components and production technology, the hazardous waste has various types, wherein the components and harmful substances also have different differences, so that the properties of different hazardous wastes have great difference, and corresponding treatment measures also need to be taken for the treatment of different hazardous wastes.
Due to the unique production property of the chemical industry, the chemical industry inevitably becomes an industrial production industry with large generation amount of hazardous wastes, along with the continuous development of production technology, the types of the hazardous wastes generated in the chemical industry are increased, and although the corresponding treatment technology is continuously developed, a great technical blank still exists for the treatment of a great number of novel hazardous wastes. The chemical waste liquid disposal ash is a novel hazardous waste produced in the chemical industry, is a solid hazardous waste produced after the chemical waste liquid disposal, and has the characteristics that the chemical waste liquid has great pollution, the chemical waste liquid disposal ash also has special properties and has great pollution, particularly heavy metal exceeds the standard, and the like. Meanwhile, due to the unique difference of the generation mode and the related properties, the same treatment mode as common conventional wastes cannot be adopted for treating the chemical waste liquid disposal ash, the chemical waste liquid disposal ash is used as a novel dangerous waste, the special properties of the novel dangerous waste are realized, and a great technical blank also exists in the corresponding treatment technology of the chemical waste liquid disposal ash. Therefore, great troubles are brought to related production enterprises, and in the face of production and treatment requirements of the related production enterprises, in combination with the severe situation of dangerous waste treatment and the urgent need of a novel dangerous waste treatment technology, it is very important to develop a treatment technology aiming at treating chemical waste liquid ash.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a solidification and stabilization method for treating the chemical waste liquid ash in industrial production aiming at the defects of the treatment technology and the treatment requirements of corresponding production enterprises. The method can effectively and stably solidify the heavy metals in the chemical waste liquid disposal ash, and then a small amount of cement is matched for solidification, so that a solidified body generated by the chemical waste liquid disposal ash meets the landfill pollution control standard after solidification and stabilization, and can be directly subjected to landfill treatment.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following modes:
a solidification stabilization method for chemical waste liquid disposal ash is characterized in that a heavy metal curing agent is mixed in the chemical waste liquid disposal ash to be treated, and then a solidified landfill block is obtained through cement solidification treatment; wherein the heavy metal curing agent is any one or combination of more than two of calcium oxide, sodium sulfide, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
The chemical waste liquid disposal ash is generally an inorganic substance obtained by burning chemical waste liquid and then treating tail gas, such as fly ash of a quench tower. The treated ash of the chemical waste liquid to be treated mainly contains sodium salt, potassium salt, calcium salt, heavy metal and compounds thereof, such as: fe 2 O 3 、KCl、Ca(OH) 2 、CaSO 4 、NaCl、CaCO 3 And the like.
The traditional curing agents comprise cement, hydrated lime, gypsum, ferrous sulfate, bentonite and the like, and are various in variety, but due to the particularity of the chemical waste liquid treatment ash, the treatment effects of different curing agents are different, and not all curing agents have correspondingly good treatment effects. The treatment of the chemical waste liquid treatment ash is carried out by screening and combining a large number of preliminary experiments, and a specific inorganic chemical reagent is selected as a curing agent, so that the treatment method has excellent chelation and adsorption effects on heavy metals.
Preferably, the addition amount of the heavy metal curing agent is 3-8% of the mass of the treated ash of the chemical waste liquid to be treated.
The dosage range of the curing agent adopted by the invention is determined by combining the characteristics of comprehensive corresponding curing effect and environmental protection and saving of a large number of exploration experiments in the early stage. The dosage of the heavy metal curing agent is related to the curing effect, and the curing effect is poor when the added heavy metal curing agent is too little, so that the corresponding pollution control standard cannot be reached; although excessive addition of the heavy metal curing agent can enhance the curing effect to a certain extent and reduce leaching of heavy metals, excessive addition cannot achieve an excellent heavy metal curing effect. The curing agent is inorganic salt, and the salt leached out from the cured body is increased due to the excessive addition amount, so that certain hidden pollution trouble and unnecessary resource waste exist.
The method disclosed by the invention is mainly used for stably solidifying the overproof heavy metals in the chemical waste liquid treatment ash to reach the corresponding treatment standard and then performing landfill treatment, and the condition that the amount of leached salt such as calcium salt is increased due to excessive addition is also considered when the type and the amount of the curing agent are selected, so that the addition amount of the curing agent is limited to a certain extent.
Preferably, the cement is ordinary portland cement or sulphoaluminate cement or a combination of the two in any proportion.
Preferably, the addition amount of the cement is 5-10% of the mass of the treated ash of the chemical waste liquid to be treated. The cement has a good solidifying effect on heavy metals, but has obvious defects, and the excessive addition amount has high capacity-increasing rate, wherein 30 percent of the addition amount of the cement has a capacity-increasing rate of a corresponding solidified body of more than 30 percent, which causes difficulty in subsequent treatment, particularly difficulty in transportation and landfill, and waste of resources; the cement mainly plays a role in strengthening the strength of the solidified body in the method, the solidified body is loose due to too little cement addition amount, the solidified body is not easy to transport and fill in time subsequently, and meanwhile, the solidification time is prolonged, the time cost is increased, and the stacking space is enlarged. The invention selects the cement addition amount range as the early stage to be determined by a large number of experiments, the capacity increasing rate is small, the strength of the solidified body is good, meanwhile, a certain amount of cement added has the same solidification effect on heavy metals, and the ideal effect is obtained by matching with the addition of the solidifying agent.
Preferably, the curing treatment is to add cement, stir and mix uniformly, add water and stir sufficiently to obtain a slurry mixture, and allow the slurry mixture to stand for at least 3 days, and the optimal standing time is 5-7 days.
The treatment method for the chemical waste liquid disposal ash specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Taking the treated ash of the chemical waste liquid to be treated, adding a heavy metal curing agent, and stirring and mixing uniformly;
(2) Adding cement into the ash obtained in the step (1), and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain mixed ash;
(3) Adding water into the mixed ash obtained in the step (2), and fully stirring to obtain a slurry mixture;
(4) And (4) injecting the slurry mixture obtained in the step (3) into a mold, and curing to form a cured body.
Preferably, the curing condition in the step (4) is room-temperature natural curing without ventilation. Standing at room temperature for at least 3 days without ventilation, and optimally maintaining for 5-7 days.
Preferably, the water in the step (3) is common tap water, and the adding amount of the water is 40-60% of the total mass of the mixed ash.
According to the invention, the heavy metal curing agent is added into the treated ash of the chemical waste liquid to be treated, so that the heavy metal curing agent can be used for carrying out stabilization treatment such as chelation and adsorption on the heavy metal in the treated ash of the chemical waste liquid, the addition amount of the curing agent is small, the cost is low, and the economy is good; a small amount of cement is added in a mixing way, the cement can be used for curing and wrapping ash to be treated, the strength of a cured body is increased, the cured body can stably exist for a long time, secondary pollution caused by risks such as cracking, dissolving and salting out of the cured body is avoided, and meanwhile, the cement adding amount is small, the amount of the cured body is increased by Rong Henxiao, and transportation and landfill are facilitated; the curing and stabilizing method provided by the invention uses the heavy metal curing agent to be matched with cement for curing, has good treatment effect, can meet the requirements of safe, efficient and economic environmental protection treatment, fills the technical blank of treating novel hazardous waste, namely chemical waste liquid treatment ash, and meets the urgent treatment requirements of related enterprises.
According to the solidification and stabilization method, the solidified body reaches the pollution control standard of the domestic garbage landfill after natural maintenance, and can be directly transported into the domestic garbage landfill for landfill treatment.
The treated ash is an ash obtained by treating a chemical waste liquid, and may contain at least Fe 2 O 3 、KCl、Ca(OH) 2 、CaSO 4 、NaCl、CaCO 3 And the like, which is different from the conventional solid waste incineration ash. The treated ash of the chemical waste liquid contains heavy metals with overproof content.
The prepared solidified body can meet the pollution control standard of a domestic garbage landfill, and landfill treatment is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention is a solidification and stabilization method aiming at the handling ash of the hazardous waste chemical waste liquid, the corresponding handling technology of the hazardous waste which is used as the emerging hazardous waste at present has a large technical blank, and the corresponding handling method has not been provided before.
2. The metal curing agent obtained by screening has good curing effect, particularly, the adopted curing agent raw materials are common chemicals, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the cost is lower, and the economic benefit of enterprise production is met.
3. The solidified body obtained after the treatment by the method can reach the pollution control standard of a related refuse landfill, the landfill treatment is directly carried out, and meanwhile, the solidified body has better strength, is convenient to transport and has small treatment difficulty.
4. The method has simple operation, good treatment effect and easy application and popularization.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the present invention, the following examples are further provided to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
The following examples and comparative examples relate to leaching of heavy metals, both according to the HJ/T300-2007 method of solid waste toxicity leaching-acetic acid buffer solution, as required in GB16889-2008 Standard for pollution control of municipal solid waste landfill.
The disposed ash of waste chemical liquid to be treated (abbreviated as disposed ash) described in the following examples is fly ash of a quench tower, which is formed by conventionally mixing organic waste received from an entrance to reach a furnace entering standard (a calorific value of 3500kcal/kg, fluorine of 0.5%, chlorine of 3%, sulfur of 2%, bromine of 0.5%), burning the organic waste at 1050 ℃ in a rotary kiln for 60min, passing the generated flue gas through a secondary combustion chamber of 1100 ℃ and 2S, flowing through SNCR and a waste heat boiler by negative pressure, and spraying, cooling and absorbing with lime slurry at the quench tower, wherein the disposed ash mainly contains Fe 2 O 3 、KCl、Ca(OH) 2 、CaSO 4 、NaCl、CaCO 3 And the like. Toxic leaching is carried out on the treated ash of the chemical waste liquid to be treated by adopting HJ/T300-2007 'solid waste toxic leaching-acetic acid buffer solution method', and the content of each heavy metal ion leached is shown in Table 1. From table 1, it can be seen that the amount of Zn in the toxic leachate of the treated ash of the chemical waste liquid exceeds the standard value by more than 1.6 times, the content of As exceeds the control standard, and the content of Mg not in the control standard is higher in the ash to be treated, so that the stable solidification treatment is required.
TABLE 1 chemical waste disposal Ash heavy metal toxicity Leaching
Example 1
A solidification and stabilization method for treating ash from chemical waste liquid comprises the following steps: adding calcium oxide accounting for 5% of the mass of the to-be-treated ash into the to-be-treated chemical waste liquid treatment ash, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding ordinary portland cement accounting for 6% of the mass of the to-be-treated ash, stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain mixed ash, adding ordinary tap water accounting for 50% of the total mass of the mixed ash, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a slurry mixture; injecting into a mold, standing at room temperature under windless condition, and naturally curing for 7 days to obtain a cured body;
and (4) carrying out toxicity leaching on the solidified body, and carrying out heavy metal content detection. Wherein the content of As exceeds the lower limit of detection and is not detected, the content of Zn is 95.621Mg/L which is lower than 100Mg/L of GB16889-2008 control standard and reaches the standard, and the content of Mg is 148.68Mg/L, co is 0.032Mg/L.
Example 2
A solidification and stabilization method for chemical waste liquid disposal ash comprises the following steps: adding a mixture of sodium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (the weight ratio is 1:1) which is 4% of the mass of the ash to be treated into the ash to be treated of the chemical waste liquid, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding ordinary portland cement which is 5% of the mass of the ash to be treated, stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain mixed ash, adding water which is 50% of the total mass of the mixed ash, and fully stirring uniformly to obtain a slurry mixture; and (4) after the mixture is injected into a mold, naturally curing the mixture for 7 days at room temperature in a windless condition to obtain a cured body. And (4) carrying out toxicity leaching on the solidified body, and carrying out heavy metal content detection. Wherein the content of As exceeds the lower limit of detection and is not detected, the content of Zn is 78.466Mg/L which is lower than 100Mg/L of GB16889-2008 control standard and reaches the standard, and the content of Mg is 164.78Mg/L, co is 0.024Mg/L.
Example 3
A solidification and stabilization method for treating ash from chemical waste liquid comprises the following steps: adding monopotassium phosphate accounting for 6% of the mass of the to-be-treated ash into the to-be-treated chemical waste liquid treatment ash, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding sulphoaluminate cement accounting for 5% of the mass of the to-be-treated ash, stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain mixed ash, adding common tap water accounting for 45% of the total mass of the mixed ash, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a slurry mixture; and (4) after the mixture is injected into a mold, naturally curing the mixture for 7 days at room temperature in a windless condition to obtain a cured body. And (4) carrying out toxicity leaching on the solidified body, and carrying out heavy metal content detection. Wherein the content of As exceeds the lower limit of detection and is not detected, the content of Zn is 73.256Mg/L which is lower than 100Mg/L of GB16889-2008 control standard and reaches the standard, and the content of Mg is 154.28Mg/L, co is 0.019Mg/L.
Example 4
A solidification and stabilization method for chemical waste liquid disposal ash comprises the following steps: adding sodium sulfide accounting for 8% of the mass of the ash to be treated into the treated ash of the chemical waste liquid to be treated, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding ordinary portland cement accounting for 7% of the mass of the ash to be treated, stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain mixed ash, adding ordinary tap water accounting for 55% of the total mass of the mixed ash, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a slurry mixture; and (4) after the mixture is injected into a mold, naturally curing the mixture for 7 days at room temperature in a windless condition to obtain a cured body. (ii) a And (4) carrying out toxicity leaching on the solidified body, and carrying out heavy metal content detection.
Wherein the content of As exceeds the lower limit of detection and is not detected, the content of Zn is 95.452Mg/L which is lower than 100Mg/L of GB16889-2008 control standard and reaches the standard, and the content of Mg is 144.571Mg/L, co is 0.022Mg/L.
From examples 1 to 4, it can be seen that, after the solidification and stabilization method of the present invention, the concentrations of As, cu, zn, cd, ni, cr, and Pb ions in the toxic leachate of the solidified ash from the disposal of chemical waste liquid can reach the landfill standard specified in the GB16889-2008 control standard, and meanwhile, for Mg and Co ions contained in the toxic leachate of the ash from the disposal of chemical waste liquid, although the GB16889-2008 control standard does not make any request, after the solidification and stabilization method of the present invention, the Mg ion concentration in the toxic leachate of the solidified fly ash from hazardous waste incineration is significantly reduced, and the Co ion concentration is also reduced. The curing and stabilizing method provided by the invention has a good stable curing effect on heavy metals in the chemical waste liquid treatment ash.
Comparative example 1
The solidification contrast treatment effect of a small amount of cement is independently added: a.1% Portland cement, B.5% Portland cement, the comparative example comprising the steps of: adding cement accounting for 1% and 5% of the total mass of the to-be-treated ash into the two groups of to-be-treated chemical waste liquid disposal ashes respectively, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding common tap water accounting for 45% of the total mass of the to-be-treated ash after stirring and mixing uniformly, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a slurry mixture; after the mixture is injected into a mold, standing the mixture for natural curing for 7 days at room temperature under a windless condition to obtain a cured body; and (4) performing toxicity leaching on the two groups of solidified bodies, and detecting the content of heavy metal. Wherein the content of As in the group A is not detected when exceeding the lower detection limit, and the content of Zn is 161mg/L and does not reach the standard when exceeding the GB16889-2008 control standard 100 mg/L; the content of As in the group B is not detected when exceeding the lower detection limit, and the content of Zn is 145.32mg/L and does not reach the standard when exceeding the GB16889-2008 control standard.
Comparative example 2
Adding ferrous sulfate accounting for 5% of the mass of the ash to be treated into the treated ash of the chemical waste liquid to be treated, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding ordinary portland cement accounting for 5% of the mass of the ash to be treated, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding ordinary tap water accounting for 50% of the total mass of the mixed ash, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a slurry mixture; after the mixture is injected into a mold, naturally curing the mixture for 7 days at room temperature without wind to obtain a cured body; and (4) carrying out toxicity leaching on the solidified body, and carrying out heavy metal content detection. Wherein the content of As exceeds the lower limit of detection and is not detected, the content of Zn is 174.956Mg/L, but the leaching rate of heavy metal is increased, and the content of Mg is 164.78Mg/L, co is 0.048Mg/L.
Comparative example 3
Adding sodium sulfide accounting for 1% of the mass of the to-be-treated ash into the to-be-treated chemical waste liquid treatment ash, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding ordinary portland cement accounting for 5% of the mass of the to-be-treated ash, stirring and mixing uniformly, adding ordinary tap water accounting for 50% of the total mass of the mixed ash, and fully and uniformly stirring to obtain a slurry mixture; after the mixture is injected into a mold, naturally curing the mixture for 7 days at room temperature under a windless condition to obtain a cured body; and (4) carrying out toxicity leaching on the solidified body, and carrying out heavy metal content detection. Wherein the content of As is not detected when exceeding the lower detection limit, the content of Zn is 141.56Mg/L which is higher than 100Mg/L of the GB16889-2008 control standard and does not reach the standard, and the content of Mg is 155.608Mg/L, co which is 0.038Mg/L.
As can be seen from the comparative example 1, the purpose of stably curing the heavy metal in the ash treated by the chemical waste liquid cannot be achieved by singly adding a small amount of cement, and if a large amount of cement ash is added, the capacity of the cured body is increased greatly, and the use of a large amount of cement also brings risks of resource shortage and environmental damage.
It can be seen from comparative examples 2 and 3 that the treatment effect of the chemical waste liquid treatment ash is poor due to the type and the amount of the curing agent which are not within the scope of the present invention, and even the leaching rate of heavy metals is increased compared with comparative example 1 in which cement is added alone, which is related to the uniqueness of the chemical waste liquid treatment ash and the treatment characteristic of the selected curing agent, and is not good treatment effect obtained by any curing agent and any addition amount.
In conclusion, the treatment method disclosed by the invention treats the chemical waste liquid treatment ash emerging in the chemical industry at present by adding the heavy metal curing agent and mixing a small amount of cement, can stably cure the high-concentration heavy metal in the chemical waste liquid treatment ash to achieve the purpose of reduction treatment, and can meet the urgent treatment requirements of corresponding enterprises. Meanwhile, the consumption of the curing agent and the cement is low, the cost of the used curing agent is low, the environment-friendly disposal idea is met, and the economic cost of enterprise treatment is saved. The method has the advantages of good treatment effect, simple operation, low cost and easy popularization and application in enterprises.
Claims (10)
1. A solidification stabilization method for chemical waste liquid disposal ash is characterized in that a heavy metal curing agent is mixed in the chemical waste liquid disposal ash to be treated, and then a solidified landfill block is obtained through cement solidification treatment; wherein the heavy metal curing agent is any one or combination of more than two of calcium oxide, sodium sulfide, sodium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
2. The solidification stabilization method according to claim 1, wherein the ash from the disposal of the chemical waste liquid to be treated contains sodium salt, potassium salt, calcium salt, heavy metal and compounds thereof.
3. The solidification stabilization method according to claim 1, wherein the addition amount of the heavy metal curing agent is 3-8% of the mass of the treated ash of the chemical waste liquid to be treated.
4. The curing and stabilizing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein said cement is Portland cement, sulphoaluminate cement or a combination of two in any ratio.
5. The solidification stabilization method according to claim 1, wherein the cement is added in an amount of 5 to 10% by mass based on the mass of the treated ash of the chemical waste liquid to be treated.
6. The curing and stabilizing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the curing treatment is to add cement, stir and mix the mixture uniformly, add water and stir the mixture sufficiently to obtain a slurry mixture, and allow the slurry mixture to stand for at least 3 days.
7. The curing stabilization method according to claim 6, wherein the standing time is 5 to 7 days.
8. The curing stabilization method according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) Taking the treated ash of the chemical waste liquid to be treated, adding a heavy metal curing agent, and stirring and mixing uniformly;
(2) Adding cement into the ash obtained in the step (1), and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain mixed ash;
(3) Adding water into the mixed ash obtained in the step (2), and fully stirring to obtain a slurry mixture;
(4) And (4) injecting the slurry mixture obtained in the step (3) into a mold, and curing to form a cured body.
9. The curing and stabilizing method according to claim 8, wherein said curing is carried out at room temperature without ventilation for at least 3 days.
10. The solidification stabilization method according to claim 8, wherein the water in the step (3) is normal tap water, and the amount added is 40 to 60% by mass of the mixed ash.
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