CN115608135A - Self-consistent type resource treatment method for salt-containing wastewater and hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas - Google Patents
Self-consistent type resource treatment method for salt-containing wastewater and hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a self-consistent type resource treatment method for salt-containing wastewater and hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas, belonging to the technical field of industrial wastewater and waste gas treatment. The method comprises the steps of simultaneously introducing the salt-containing wastewater and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas into a self-consistent absorption and precipitation reactor to carry out self-consistent absorption reaction, gradually precipitating NaCl crystals from the salt-containing wastewater according to the same ion effect to obtain a solid-liquid mixture, and carrying out settling separation on the solid-liquid mixture to obtain the industrial salt and the industrial hydrochloric acid. The treatment method can carry out synchronous reaction on the industrial wastewater and the industrial waste gas to obtain industrial-grade saltThe industrial salt can be directly sold or used in chlor-alkali industry, and the obtained hydrochloric acid can be used as CaCl production refrigerant 2 The raw materials of (1); thereby realizing resource utilization at the same time. The treatment method of the invention is different from the method of the conventional spray type reactor, does not use a tower plate and a filler, and does not show the problem that the salt blocks the reactor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of industrial wastewater and waste gas treatment, in particular to a self-consistent recycling treatment method for salt-containing wastewater and hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas.
Background
The industrial development is a main source of environmental pollution, and the discharge treatment of the salt-containing wastewater is a major key point for solving the problem of environmental pollution. At present, most of salt-containing wastewater treatment technologies adopt biochemical treatment methods, but due to the existence of multiple and nondegradable organic pollutants, the conventional biochemical treatment process is difficult to work, so that the treated wastewater cannot reach the discharge standard. The research also adopts the natural evaporation crystallization and mechanical evaporation methods to treat the salt-containing wastewater, the natural evaporation crystallization technology needs a larger evaporation pond to treat the salt-containing wastewater for natural evaporation, and the requirements on the treatment of the salt-containing wastewater cannot be met due to larger occupied area and lower efficiency. Compared with the natural evaporation crystallization technology, the mechanical evaporation technology has the advantages that firstly, the occupied area of required equipment is small, and secondly, the mechanical evaporation technology is high in efficiency. But the mechanical evaporation easily causes scale formation on the inner wall of the evaporator system, the passage is easily blocked by the salt discharge, and the pipeline is easily corroded for a long time. Therefore, a more efficient, less prone to pipe blockage and energy-saving method for treating saline wastewater is needed.
Industrial production is also accompanied by the generation of hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas, a large amount of hydrogen chloride gas in the waste gas has high corrosivity, if the hydrogen chloride gas is directly discharged into the external environment, the environment is greatly polluted, and the existing waste gas is subjected to waste gas absorption before being discharged so as to absorb the high-corrosivity gas in the waste gas. The existing waste gas absorption technology is mostly carried out by adopting a conventional absorption tower, the absorption effect of the hydrogen chloride is poor, and more hydrogen chloride gas still remains in the finally discharged waste gas.
Therefore, how to obtain a method which can realize the synergistic treatment of the salt-containing wastewater and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas and realize the resource utilization thereof is a technical problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a self-consistent type resource treatment method for salt-containing wastewater and hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas, which aims to solve the technical problems of easy scaling, low absorption efficiency, high treatment cost and large environmental protection hidden trouble caused by separate treatment of the salt-containing wastewater and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a self-consistent type resource treatment method for salt-containing wastewater and hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas, which comprises the following steps:
1) Simultaneously introducing the salt-containing wastewater and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas into a self-consistent type absorption reactor to carry out self-consistent type absorption reaction to obtain absorption liquid;
2) The absorption liquid is cooled through a circulating cooler and a cooling forced circulation pump, and the temperature of the absorption liquid is controlled so as to be beneficial to the absorption of HCl in the waste gas;
3) And continuously carrying out self-consistent absorption reaction on the obtained absorption liquid and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas through an absorption liquid circulating pump, separating out solids to obtain a solid-liquid mixture, and settling and centrifugally separating the solid-liquid mixture to obtain the industrial salt and the industrial hydrochloric acid.
Further, the flow rate of the salt-containing wastewater is 4.0-5.0 m 3 The flow rate of the waste gas containing hydrochloric acid is 200.0-350.0 m 3 /h。
Further, in the step 1) and the step 3), the temperature of the self-consistent absorption reaction is 25-35 ℃ independently, and the reaction time is 60-90 min independently.
Further, in the step 2), the temperature of the absorption liquid is reduced to 25-35 ℃ by a circulating cooler.
Further, from the formula absorption reactor of agreeing, including absorption tower, circulative cooling ware and cooling force circulation pump, the absorption tower bottom is equipped with the waste water import, the absorption tower bottom pass through the pipeline with the circulative cooling ware bottom is connected, the pipeline on circulative cooling ware's top extends to the inside of absorption tower, be provided with cooling force circulation pump on the pipeline that circulative cooling ware bottom and absorption tower are connected.
Furthermore, a venturi is arranged at the top end of the absorption tower, a water inlet is arranged at the bottom end of the absorption tower, a transverse air inlet is arranged at the top end of the venturi, a tubular horn-type spray head is arranged at the bottom end of the venturi, a longitudinal liquid inlet of the venturi is communicated with one end of an absorption liquid circulating pump through a pipeline, the other end of the absorption liquid circulating pump is communicated with the inside of the absorption tower, and waste gas containing hydrochloric acid is sucked into the air inlet.
Furthermore, a demister is arranged at the top end of the absorption tower.
Furthermore, a baffle plate is arranged at the outlet of the top end of the circulating cooler extending to the inner pipeline of the absorption tower.
Furthermore, a baffle ring is arranged on the inner wall of the position where the absorption tower is communicated with the absorption liquid circulating pump.
Furthermore, a liquid level meter is installed on one side of the absorption tower.
Furthermore, the bottom of the absorption tower is also provided with a pipeline connected with an automatic regulating valve containing a solid and liquid level, the bottom of the automatic regulating valve containing a solid and liquid level is provided with a discharge valve, and the automatic regulating valve containing a solid and liquid level is interlocked with the discharge valve.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the treatment method can carry out synchronous reaction on the industrial wastewater and the industrial waste gas to obtain industrial salt and industrial hydrochloric acid; the obtained industrial grade salt can be directly sold in the market or used in the chlor-alkali industry, and the obtained industrial hydrochloric acid can be used as refrigerant CaCl 2 The raw materials of (1). The treatment method of the invention is different from the method of the conventional spray type absorption reactor, does not use tower plates and packing materials, and does not show the problem that salt blocks the reactor.
The self-consistent absorption reactor is provided with a cooling forced circulation pump and a circulation cooler, can greatly reduce the temperature in the absorption tower and carry out heat exchange, and the top end of the absorption tower is provided with a venturi tube which continuously pumps waste gas containing hydrochloric acid under the action of absorption circulation liquid flow, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the reaction in the absorption tower and preparing salt and industrial hydrochloric acid. Hydrochloric acid is generated by completely absorbing HCl in the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas by the waste water, and salt in the waste water is completely separated out to generate salt particles according to the same ion effect; therefore, naCl in the wastewater is completely separated out to generate industrial salt, HCl in the waste gas is absorbed to generate industrial hydrochloric acid, so that the resource utilization of the industrial salt is realized, the waste utilization is realized while the wastewater and the waste gas are treated, the cost is saved, and the resource utilization of the salt-containing wastewater and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas is realized. The self-consistent absorption reactor of the invention does not need to be provided with a column plate and filled with filler, the gas and the liquid are in direct contact type reaction, and the same ion effect is generated in the reactor, so that salt can be separated out. The following reactions take place in the reactor:
NaCl (liquid) + HCl (gas) → NaCl (solid, commercially available) + HCl (liquid, caCl can be used as refrigerant for preparation of 2 The raw material of (1).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-consistent absorption reactor of the present invention, wherein 1-an absorption tower, 2-a circulating cooler, 3-a liquid level meter, 4-a solid-liquid level automatic regulating valve, 5-a demister, 6-a venturi, 7-a baffle, 8-an absorption liquid circulating pump, 9-a cooling forced circulating pump, 10-a discharge valve, and 11-a retaining ring.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a self-consistent type resource treatment method for salt-containing wastewater and hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas, which comprises the following steps:
1) Simultaneously introducing the salt-containing wastewater and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas into a self-consistent type absorption reactor to carry out self-consistent type absorption reaction to obtain absorption liquid;
2) The absorption liquid is cooled through a circulating cooler and a cooling forced circulation pump, and the temperature of the absorption liquid is controlled so as to be beneficial to the absorption of HCl in the waste gas;
3) And continuously carrying out self-consistent absorption reaction on the obtained absorption liquid and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas through an absorption liquid circulating pump, separating out solids to obtain a solid-liquid mixture, and settling and centrifugally separating the solid-liquid mixture to obtain the industrial salt and the industrial hydrochloric acid.
In the invention, the salt-containing wastewater contains NaCl, and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas contains HCl gas.
In the invention, the flow rate of the salt-containing wastewater is 4.0-5.0 m 3 H, preferably from 4.2 to 4.8m 3 H, more preferably 4.5m 3 H; the flow rate of the waste gas containing hydrochloric acid is 200.0-350.0 m 3 H, preferably from 230.0 to 320.0m 3 More preferably 280.0 to 300.0m 3 /h。
In the present invention, the temperature of the self-consistent absorption reaction in the step 1) and the step 3) is independently 25 to 35 ℃, preferably 28 to 32 ℃, and more preferably 29 to 31 ℃; the residence time of the materials in the self-consistent absorption reactor is independently 60-90 min, preferably 75-85 min, and more preferably 80min.
In the present invention, in the step 2), the temperature of the absorption liquid is reduced to 25 to 35 ℃, preferably 22 to 28 ℃, and more preferably 24 to 26 ℃ by the circulation cooler.
In the invention, the self-consistent resource treatment method of the salt-containing wastewater and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas can also be used for refining crude salt.
In the invention, the self-consistent absorption reactor comprises an absorption tower 1, a circulating cooler 2 and a cooling forced circulation pump 9, wherein a wastewater inlet is formed in the bottom end of the absorption tower 1, the bottom end of the absorption tower 1 is connected with the bottom end of the circulating cooler 2 through a pipeline, the pipeline at the top end of the circulating cooler 2 extends into the absorption tower 1, the cooling forced circulation pump 9 is arranged on the pipeline at the bottom end of the circulating cooler 2, which is connected with the absorption tower 1, a shell pass water inlet is formed in the top end of the circulating cooler 2, a shell pass water outlet is formed in the bottom end of the circulating cooler 2, water enters from the top end and flows out from the bottom end to exchange heat with tube pass absorption liquid in the circulating cooler 2 to cool the absorption liquid, the absorption liquid is intensively cooled through the circulating cooler 2 and the cooling forced circulation pump 9, and the temperature generated by reaction can be quickly reduced.
In the invention, a venturi 6 is arranged at the top end of an absorption tower 1, a water inlet is arranged at the bottom end of the absorption tower, the venturi 6 is used for sucking tail gas containing hydrochloric acid, a tubular horn-type spray head is arranged at the bottom end of the venturi 6, a transverse air inlet is arranged at the top end of the venturi 6, a longitudinal liquid inlet of the venturi 6 is communicated with one end of an absorption liquid circulating pump 8 through a pipeline, the other end of the absorption liquid circulating pump 8 is communicated with the inside of the absorption tower 1, and waste gas containing hydrochloric acid is sucked in the air inlet.
In the present invention, the top end of the absorption tower 1 is further provided with a demister 5 for removing liquid foam in the residual tail gas.
In the invention, a baffle 7 is arranged at the outlet of the top end of the circulating cooler 2 extending to the pipeline in the absorption tower 1, and the absorption liquid in the pipeline is changed from turbulent flow to laminar flow through the baffle 7 so as to be beneficial to the sedimentation of salt particles.
In the invention, the inner wall of the absorption tower 1 at the position communicated with the absorption liquid circulating pump 8 is also provided with a baffle ring 11 for separating the absorption reaction area from the precipitation and sedimentation area so as to ensure that the circulating absorption liquid pumped by the absorption liquid circulating pump 8 carries salt particles as little as possible, thereby being beneficial to the normal operation of the absorption liquid circulating pump and simultaneously being beneficial to the absorption of HCl in waste gas and the precipitation and sedimentation of the salt particles.
In the present invention, a liquid level meter 3 is installed on one side of the absorption tower 1, and the liquid level inside the absorption tower 1 is determined by the liquid level meter 3.
In the invention, the bottom end of the absorption tower 1 is also provided with a pipeline connected with an automatic solid-liquid level regulating valve 4, the bottom end of the automatic solid-liquid level regulating valve 4 is provided with a discharge valve 10, the automatic solid-liquid level regulating valve 4 is interlocked with the discharge valve 10, the automatic solid-liquid level regulating valve 4 is used for controlling the solid-liquid level of the absorption tower, and the discharge valve 10 is used for controlling discharge.
In the invention, salt-containing wastewater enters from the bottom end of an absorption tower 1, waste gas containing hydrochloric acid is sucked at a transverse air inlet arranged at the top end of a venturi 6, the waste gas and absorption liquid from an absorption liquid circulating pump 8 are forcedly subjected to gas-liquid mixing through the venturi 6 and then enter the absorption tower 1, the wastewater absorbs HCl in the waste gas to generate hydrochloric acid, salt in the waste water is gradually or even completely separated out due to a homoionic effect, salt particles and industrial hydrochloric acid are settled to the bottom end of the absorption tower 1 and discharged through a discharge valve 10, and the salt and the industrial hydrochloric acid are separated through a centrifuge; the salt can be sold as industrial salt after the analysis quality reaches the standard, and the industrial hydrochloric acid can be used for preparing refrigerant CaCl 2 The raw materials of (1). The waste gas after absorbing HCl enters other waste gas treatment devices through a demister 5 and is discharged after reaching the standard; the inside absorption liquid of absorption tower 1 can receive the influence of cooling forced circulation pump 9, and the pipeline department of being connected from absorption tower 1 bottom and circulative cooler 2 gets into inside circulative cooler 2, and the absorption liquid after the cooling gets into inside the absorption tower 1 from the top pipeline of circulative cooler 2, forms the torrent, and the torrent blocks through baffle 7 inside the absorption tower 1, forms the laminar flow to alleviate the fluid and roll, be favorable to the salt granule that generates to subside.
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Continuously introducing the salt-containing wastewater and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas into a self-consistent absorption reactor at the same time, wherein the introduction flow of the salt-containing wastewater is 4.3m 3 H, the introduction flow rate of the waste gas containing hydrochloric acid is 260.0m 3 /h。
The method comprises the steps of carrying out self-consistent absorption reaction on salt-containing wastewater and hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas in a reactor, enabling the absorption reaction to stay for 65min, cooling absorption liquid in an absorption tower through a circulating cooler to reduce the temperature generated by the reaction, further carrying out self-consistent absorption reaction on the absorption liquid and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas sucked by a venturi through an absorption liquid circulating pump after the absorption liquid is cooled to 25 ℃, gradually precipitating NaCl crystals from the salt-containing wastewater due to the same ion effect in continuous absorption reaction, completely precipitating the NaCl crystals when the concentration of hydrochloric acid is analyzed to be 31%, and separating the obtained solid-liquid mixture in a centrifuge to obtain solid industrial-grade salt and liquid industrial-grade hydrochloric acid. The obtained industrial salt is detected according to the national standard GB/T5462-2015, and all indexes meet the requirements.
Example 2
Continuously introducing the salt-containing wastewater and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas into a self-consistent absorption reactor at the same time, wherein the introduction flow of the salt-containing wastewater is 4.5m 3 The introduction flow rate of the waste gas containing hydrochloric acid is 290.0m 3 /h。
The method comprises the steps of carrying out self-consistent absorption reaction on salt-containing wastewater and hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas in a reactor, enabling the absorption reaction to stay for 75min, cooling absorption liquid in an absorption tower through a circulating cooler to reduce the temperature generated by the reaction, further carrying out self-consistent absorption reaction on the absorption liquid and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas sucked by a venturi through an absorption liquid circulating pump after the absorption liquid is cooled to 28 ℃, gradually precipitating NaCl crystals from the salt-containing wastewater due to the same ion effect in continuous absorption reaction, completely precipitating the NaCl crystals when the concentration of hydrochloric acid is analyzed to be 30.5%, and separating the obtained solid-liquid mixture in a centrifuge to obtain solid industrial-grade salt and liquid industrial-grade hydrochloric acid. The obtained industrial salt is detected according to the national standard GB/T5462-2015, and all indexes meet the requirements.
Example 3
Will contain salt waste water and contain hydrochloric acid waste gas and let in from consistent formula absorption reactor constantly simultaneously, contain letting in flow of salt waste water and be 5.0m 3 H, the introduction flow rate of the waste gas containing hydrochloric acid is 350m 3 /h。
The method comprises the steps of carrying out self-consistent absorption reaction on salt-containing wastewater and hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas in a reactor, after the absorption reaction stays for 75min, cooling absorption liquid in an absorption tower through a circulating cooler, reducing the temperature generated by the reaction, further carrying out self-consistent absorption reaction on the absorption liquid and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas sucked by a venturi through an absorption liquid circulating pump after the absorption liquid is cooled to 33 ℃, gradually precipitating NaCl crystals from the salt-containing wastewater due to the same ion effect in continuous absorption reaction, completely precipitating the NaCl crystals when the concentration of hydrochloric acid is analyzed to be 31.5%, and finally separating the obtained solid-liquid mixture in a centrifuge to obtain solid industrial-grade salt and liquid industrial-grade hydrochloric acid. The obtained industrial salt is detected according to the national standard GB/T5462-2015, and all indexes meet the requirements.
The industrial-grade salts obtained in examples 1 to 3 were tested for purity according to the national standard GB/T5462-2015, and the results are shown in Table 1 below:
table 1 purity of technical grade salt obtained in examples 1 to 3
Purity of salt (%) | |
Example 1 | 99.5 |
Example 2 | 99.3 |
Example 3 | 99.8 |
According to the embodiment, the invention provides a self-consistent recycling treatment method for salt-containing wastewater and hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas. The treatment method of the invention not only carries out self-consistent reaction on two industrial pollutants and simultaneously removes the two industrial pollutants, but also generates high-purity salt which can be used industrially. The self-consistent absorption reactor of the invention can not generate the problems of salt blockage and pipeline corrosion, can efficiently and continuously treat the salt-containing wastewater and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas, and the industrial hydrochloric acid obtained after the reaction can be used for preparing refrigerant CaCl 2 The raw materials of (1). The treatment method is simple and easy to implement, small in equipment floor area and convenient to operate, and can be used for industrially treating salt-containing wastewaterAnd hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that several modifications and refinements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, including the refining of crude salt according to the present invention, and these modifications and refinements should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A self-consistent type resource treatment method for salt-containing wastewater and hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Simultaneously introducing the salt-containing wastewater and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas into a self-consistent absorption reactor to perform self-consistent absorption reaction to obtain absorption liquid;
2) The absorption liquid is cooled through a circulating cooler and a cooling forced circulation pump, and the temperature of the absorption liquid is controlled so as to be beneficial to the absorption of HCl in the waste gas;
3) And continuously carrying out self-consistent absorption reaction on the obtained absorption liquid and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas through an absorption liquid circulating pump, separating out solids to obtain a solid-liquid mixture, and settling and centrifugally separating the solid-liquid mixture to obtain the industrial salt and the industrial hydrochloric acid.
2. The self-consistent resource treatment method for the salt-containing wastewater and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas according to claim 1, wherein the flow rate of the salt-containing wastewater is 4.0-5.0 m 3 The flow rate of the waste gas containing hydrochloric acid is 200.0-350.0 m 3 /h。
3. The self-consistent resource treatment method of the salt-containing wastewater and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas according to claim 2, wherein in the step 1) and the step 3), the temperature of the self-consistent absorption reaction is 25-35 ℃ independently, and the retention time of the materials in the self-consistent absorption reactor is 60-90 min independently.
4. The self-consistent resource treatment method of the salt-containing wastewater and the hydrochloric acid-containing exhaust gas according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step 2), the temperature of the absorption liquid is reduced to 25 to 35 ℃ by a circulating cooler.
5. The self-consistent resource treatment method of the salt-containing wastewater and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas according to claim 4, wherein the self-consistent absorption reactor comprises an absorption tower (1), a circulation cooler (2) and a cooling forced circulation pump (9), a wastewater inlet is arranged at the bottom end of the absorption tower (1), the bottom end of the absorption tower (1) is connected with the bottom end of the circulation cooler (2) through a pipeline, the pipeline at the top end of the circulation cooler (2) extends to the inside of the absorption tower (1), and the cooling forced circulation pump (9) is arranged on the pipeline at the bottom end of the circulation cooler (2) connected with the absorption tower (1).
6. The self-consistent resource treatment method of the saline wastewater and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas according to claim 5, wherein a venturi (6) is arranged at the top end of the absorption tower (1), a water inlet is arranged at the bottom end of the absorption tower, a transverse air inlet is arranged at the top end of the venturi (6), a tubular horn-type spray head is arranged at the bottom end of the venturi (6), a longitudinal liquid inlet of the venturi is communicated with one end of an absorption liquid circulating pump (8) through a pipeline, the other end of the absorption liquid circulating pump (8) is communicated with the inside of the absorption tower (1), and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas is sucked into the air inlet.
7. The self-consistent resource treatment method of the salt-containing wastewater and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas according to claim 6, characterized in that a demister (5) is further arranged at the top end of the absorption tower (1);
and a baffle (7) is arranged at the outlet of the top end of the circulating cooler (2) extending to the pipeline in the absorption tower (1).
8. The self-consistent resource treatment method of the salt-containing wastewater and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas according to claim 7, wherein a baffle ring (11) is further arranged on the inner wall of the position where the absorption tower (1) is communicated with the absorption liquid circulating pump (8);
and a liquid level meter (3) is arranged on one side of the absorption tower (1).
9. The self-consistent resource treatment method of the salt-containing wastewater and the hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that a pipeline is further arranged at the bottom end of the absorption tower (1) and connected with an automatic solid-liquid level regulating valve (4), a discharge valve (10) is arranged at the bottom end of the automatic solid-liquid level regulating valve (4), and the automatic solid-liquid level regulating valve (4) is interlocked with the discharge valve (10).
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WO2024074057A1 (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2024-04-11 | 湖北泰盛化工有限公司 | Self-consistent resourceful treatment apparatus and method for salt-containing wastewater and hydrochloric acid-containing waste gas |
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