CN114735876A - System and method for reducing organic silicon wastewater treatment energy consumption by utilizing waste heat - Google Patents
System and method for reducing organic silicon wastewater treatment energy consumption by utilizing waste heat Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a system and a method for reducing energy consumption of organosilicon wastewater treatment by using waste heat, belonging to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and the system comprises: the system comprises a wastewater pretreatment unit, a waste heat utilization unit, a multi-effect evaporation unit and a desalting unit; the waste heat utilization unit comprises a plurality of heat exchangers of methyl chloride synthesis sections, and the heat exchangers of the methyl chloride synthesis sections use organic silicon wastewater as cooling media to recover and utilize waste heat of the methyl chloride synthesis sections; the organic silicon wastewater heated by the waste heat utilization unit is sent to the multi-effect evaporation unit through a pipeline from the output end of the waste heat utilization unit. The system and the method provided by the invention are used for solving the problems of high wastewater treatment energy consumption, high treatment cost and limited wastewater treatment efficiency in the conventional organosilicon wastewater treatment; the system and the method can recover and utilize waste heat and waste heat in organic silicon production, reduce the using amount of steam, improve the multi-effect evaporation efficiency and the wastewater treatment efficiency, and obviously reduce the energy consumption and the cost of organic silicon wastewater treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a system and a method for reducing energy consumption of organosilicon wastewater treatment by using waste heat.
Background
Organic silicon is called industrial monosodium glutamate and is widely applied to various fields. The production of organosilicon usually adopts direct method to synthesize methyl chlorosilane process, namely silicon powder and chloromethane gas are adopted to react in the presence of a copper catalytic system to produce methyl chlorosilane mixed monomer, and dimethyl dichlorosilane and other various rectification monomers are obtained by rectifying and separating the mixed methyl monomer obtained by synthesis. Dimethyl dichlorosilane is hydrolyzed and cracked to prepare dimethyl siloxane oligomer (DMC, D4) which is used as a base material for further processing into various organosilicon polymerization products.
A large amount of industrial wastewater can be generated in the production process of the organic silicon, the industrial wastewater mainly contains pollutants such as AOX, COD, BOD, SS, siloxane and the like, and has the characteristics of complex components, high COD concentration, high salt content, unobvious oil-water layering, high toxicity, poor biodegradability and the like, the components are complex, the industrial wastewater contains various organic matters and inorganic metal compounds, and also contains a certain amount of heavy metal compounds such as adsorbable organic halides, silica gel, copper ions, zinc ions and the like, the overall pH value is very low, the organic silicon is strongly acidic, the wastewater discharge fluctuation is large, the regularity is poor, and the organic silicon belongs to be difficult to emit heavy metal compounds.
At present, in the treatment technologies of the organic silicon wastewater at home and abroad, the widely applied organic silicon wastewater treatment methods mainly comprise a multi-effect evaporation technology, a mechanical vapor recompression evaporation technology (MVR) and the like. Wherein, the principle of the multi-effect evaporation technology is as follows: a part of water in the waste water solution is vaporized by a heating method, so that the concentration of the solution is improved, or the solution is concentrated to be saturated to precipitate solute, and the aim of separating water from pollutants is fulfilled. The multi-effect evaporation device needs to provide a stable heat source to heat the wastewater, and usually adopts steam as the heat source to consume a certain amount of steam to heat the wastewater, so that the wastewater is evaporated to be purified or to reach the condition for next treatment.
The multi-effect evaporation technology has high energy consumption and difficult operation and maintenance, increases the production and operation cost of enterprises and the labor intensity of operators, and is difficult to bear by common industrial enterprises. The evaporation concentration process of the multi-effect evaporation technology always needs to consume a large amount of saturated steam, and also needs a large amount of cooling water to cool secondary steam, so that the cost of the steam and the cooling water is increased, and the treatment cost is very high. In addition, the multiple-effect evaporation process belongs to high-temperature treatment, partial substances in the wastewater are easy to polymerize at high temperature to generate liquid foam, so that the evaporation cannot be normally carried out, the evaporation efficiency is reduced, and the wastewater treatment efficiency is influenced. Therefore, how to reduce the energy consumption of organosilicon wastewater treatment and improve the wastewater treatment efficiency also become important issues concerned by organosilicon manufacturers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a system and a method for reducing organic silicon wastewater treatment energy consumption by utilizing waste heat, which are used for solving the problems of high wastewater treatment energy consumption, high treatment cost and limited wastewater treatment efficiency in the conventional organic silicon wastewater treatment. The system and the method can recover and utilize waste heat and waste heat in organic silicon production, reduce the using amount of steam, improve the multi-effect evaporation efficiency and the wastewater treatment efficiency, and obviously reduce the energy consumption and the cost of organic silicon wastewater treatment.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a system for reducing the energy consumption of organosilicon wastewater treatment by using waste heat, comprising: the system comprises a wastewater pretreatment unit, a waste heat utilization unit, a multi-effect evaporation unit and a desalting unit;
the input end of the waste heat utilization unit is connected with the output end of the waste water pretreatment unit, the output end of the waste heat utilization unit is connected with the input end of the multiple-effect evaporation unit, and the output end of the multiple-effect evaporation unit is connected with the input end of the desalting unit; a liquid return outlet of the desalting unit is connected with a liquid return inlet of the multi-effect evaporation unit through a pipeline and used for conveying the liquid return of the desalting unit to the multi-effect evaporation unit for re-evaporation;
the wastewater pretreatment unit comprises a wastewater collection tank, and the wastewater collection tank is used for collecting and storing organic silicon wastewater generated in the organic silicon production process; the multi-effect evaporation unit comprises a four-effect evaporation device; the desalting unit comprises a thickener, a centrifuge and a liquid return tank which are connected in sequence according to the material conveying direction;
the waste heat utilization unit comprises a plurality of heat exchangers of chloromethane synthesis sections, and the heat exchangers of the chloromethane synthesis sections use organic silicon wastewater as a cooling medium to recover and utilize waste heat of the chloromethane synthesis sections; the organic silicon wastewater heated by the waste heat utilization unit is sent into the multi-effect evaporation unit through a pipeline from the output end of the waste heat utilization unit.
The waste heat utilization unit is arranged to enable waste heat of a chloromethane synthesis section in organic silicon production to be used as a preheating heat source of organic silicon wastewater to enter the multi-effect evaporation unit, so that the waste heat of the chloromethane synthesis section can be recycled, a chloromethane synthesis production device can be cooled, the waste heat of the chloromethane synthesis section can be utilized more reasonably and comprehensively, energy loss is greatly saved, the use amount of steam in the multi-effect evaporation unit and the energy consumption of the whole organic silicon wastewater treatment system are greatly reduced, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved.
Further set up as, be provided with mixing arrangement in the waste water collection liquid jar, mixing arrangement includes any one of following: paddle stirrers, jet stirrers, submersible stirrers.
The device is further arranged in such a way that an outlet of the wastewater liquid collecting tank is connected with a cooling medium inlet of a heat exchanger of a plurality of chloromethane synthesis sections of the waste heat utilization unit, a cooling medium outlet of the heat exchanger of the plurality of chloromethane synthesis sections of the waste heat utilization unit is connected with a feed inlet of the four-effect evaporation device, and a concentrated slurry outlet of the four-effect evaporation device is connected with an inlet of a thickener of the desalting unit.
The desalting unit is further provided with an inlet of the thickener connected with a concentrated slurry outlet of a last-stage separator of the four-effect evaporation device, and an outlet of the thickener connected with an inlet of the centrifuge; a solid outlet of the centrifuge discharges the obtained crystals through a pipeline, and a liquid outlet of the centrifuge is connected with an inlet of the liquid return tank; and a liquid return outlet of the liquid return tank is connected with a liquid return inlet of the last stage heater of the four-effect evaporation device.
Preferably, the steam outlet of the last-stage separator is connected with a condenser, and the liquid obtained by condensation can be reused for producing the organosilicon.
The wastewater pretreatment unit further comprises a flocculation sedimentation tank, a dosing device and a filter press; the outlet of the dosing device is connected with a dosing port of the flocculation sedimentation tank; an inlet of the flocculation sedimentation tank is connected with an outlet of the wastewater liquid collection tank, a liquid discharge port of the flocculation sedimentation tank is connected with cooling medium inlets of heat exchangers of a plurality of chloromethane synthesis sections of the waste heat utilization unit, and a sludge discharge port of the flocculation sedimentation tank is connected with an inlet of the filter press; the liquid outlet of the filter press is connected with the cooling medium inlets of the heat exchangers of a plurality of chloromethane synthesis sections of the waste heat utilization unit, and the solid outlet of the filter press discharges the obtained filter cake as solid waste through a pipeline.
The four-effect evaporation device comprises four heaters and four separators, and a vapor outlet of each separator is provided with a defoaming device; the defoaming device comprises a protective frame, a plurality of damping blades fixed in the protective frame, a fixed plate and a wire mesh plate arranged in the fixed plate; protect frame and fixed plate fixed connection, and the fixed plate setting is in protecting the frame top.
The damping blades are further arranged in parallel, a defoaming channel is formed between every two adjacent damping blades, and the damping blades are bent into an inlet section, an outlet section and a wavy turning section which is formed by bending for many times and is arranged between the inlet section and the outlet section; the inlet section and the outlet section are positioned on the same plane, and the surface of the damping blade is provided with a plurality of wave-shaped bulges vertical to the plane of the inlet section.
The device is further provided with a matched foam removing device; the foam cleaning device comprises a clean water tank, a high-pressure pump and a liquid discharge pipe; the clean water tank is arranged outside the separator, the high-pressure pump is arranged at the bottom of the clean water tank, and the liquid discharge pipe is fixedly connected between the fixed plate and the side wall of the separator; the high-pressure pump and the liquid discharge pipe are connected through a clear water pipeline penetrating through the side wall of the separator; the drain pipe and the fixing plate are provided with a plurality of water inlets which correspond one to one, the diameters of the water inlets are 1-2cm, and the water inlets are used for sending clean water in the drain pipe into the wire mesh plate through the fixing plate.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for reducing the energy consumption of organosilicon wastewater treatment by using waste heat, which comprises the following steps:
s1 wastewater pretreatment stage: organic silicon wastewater generated in the production process of organic silicon is concentrated into a wastewater collection tank, and is homogenized by a mixing device arranged in the wastewater collection tank and temporarily stored for later use. The pretreatment stage can buffer the water quality fluctuation of the organic silicon wastewater with different sources, different components and different concentrations, and the organic silicon wastewater is homogenized in the liquid collecting tank, so that the operation stability of the organic silicon wastewater treatment system can be ensured.
S2 waste heat utilization stage: and (3) conveying the normal-temperature organic silicon wastewater in the wastewater collection tank to a chloromethane synthesis section, using the organic silicon wastewater as a cooling medium in the chloromethane synthesis section to pass through a heat exchanger, recycling the waste heat of the chloromethane synthesis section, heating the organic silicon wastewater to be more than 80 ℃, and conveying the heated organic silicon wastewater to the next stage.
The organic silicon wastewater is preheated by utilizing the waste heat and the waste heat of the chloromethane synthesis section, the recovered heat of the chloromethane synthesis section is transferred to the next stage, the gradient utilization of heat energy is realized, the heat required by the preheated organic silicon wastewater in the multi-effect evaporation stage is greatly reduced, the steam usage is also obviously reduced, and the whole multi-effect evaporation stage and the organic silicon wastewater treatment system have the advantage of low energy consumption.
S3 multiple-effect evaporation stage: and (3) feeding the heated organic silicon wastewater into a four-effect evaporation device, carrying out evaporation concentration on the organic silicon wastewater through the four-effect evaporation device, discharging concentrated slurry with the concentration of over 60 percent generated in the last-stage separator into the next stage from a concentrated slurry outlet, and discharging generated steam from a steam outlet for recycling.
The multiple-effect evaporation stage can reduce the organosilicon wastewater with high efficiency, low energy consumption and high concentration times, realize rapid evaporation and rapid separation, has obvious wastewater reduction effect and also reduces the pollution degree of the organosilicon wastewater to the environment.
S4 desalting stage: delivering concentrated slurry obtained by multi-effect evaporation into a thickener, delivering the concentrated slurry into a centrifuge for solid-liquid separation after the concentration of the concentrated slurry is thickened to be more than 80%, discharging crystals obtained by separation through a solid outlet of the centrifuge, and recycling the obtained crystals for sale; the liquid obtained by separation is transported to a liquid return tank through a liquid outlet of the centrifuge for storage, and then is transported to a last-stage heater of the four-effect evaporation device from the liquid return tank for circulating evaporation and concentration.
The liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation in the desalting stage is sent to the last stage heater of the four-effect evaporation device for circulating evaporation, so that the concentration adjustment of the wastewater can be realized, the continuous operation of the multiple-effect evaporation device is facilitated, the wastewater in the last stage heater is prevented from losing fluidity due to the gradual increase of viscosity, the liquid in the concentrated slurry can be further concentrated, and the stability and the continuity of the operation of the multiple-effect evaporation device can be improved.
It is further provided that the S1 wastewater pretreatment stage further comprises: organic silicon waste water produced in the production process of organic silicon is concentrated into a waste water liquid collecting tank, and is homogenized by a mixing device arranged in the waste water liquid collecting tank, then the organic silicon waste water is sent into a flocculation sedimentation tank, a flocculating agent is added into the organic silicon waste water in the flocculation sedimentation tank by using a dosing device for flocculation sedimentation, wherein the upper layer clear liquid is sent into a waste heat utilization stage through a liquid discharge port of the flocculation sedimentation tank, the lower layer precipitate is sent into a filter press through a sludge discharge port of the flocculation sedimentation tank for filter pressing, liquid obtained by filter pressing is sent into the waste heat utilization stage, and the obtained filter cake is discharged through a solid outlet of the filter press as solid waste.
The organic silicon wastewater contains a large amount of granular impurities which are difficult to filter, the impurities easily influence the heat transfer efficiency and the evaporation efficiency, the granular impurities are condensed and settled under the action of the flocculating agent to be removed, the purification treatment effect is achieved, better water quality is provided for heating and evaporation of the organic silicon wastewater, the organic silicon wastewater can be continuously treated, the scaling amount in the transmission process is reduced, and the consumption of heating steam is reduced.
The flocculant added into the organic silicon wastewater by the dosing device is a PAC solution and/or a PAM solution; the addition amount of the flocculating agent is 50-250mg/L of wastewater. Preferably, the concentration of the PAC solution is 10-15 wt% and the concentration of the PAM solution is 1-10 wt%.
The system and the method for reducing the energy consumption of organic silicon wastewater treatment by utilizing waste heat provided by the invention have the advantages that the waste heat and the waste heat in the chloromethane synthesis section in the organic silicon production are recycled by arranging the waste heat utilization unit, and the following beneficial effects are realized:
(1) the foam removing device provided by the invention has the advantages of low operation cost and long service life, and can obviously improve the foam removing effect, improve the foam removing efficiency and quality and improve the gas-liquid separation effect; clear foam device can regularly clear away the liquid foam on the foam removal device, can avoid the problem that the foam removal device blockked up, has guaranteed the normal work of foam removal device, can reduce the foam removal device again and demolish abluent frequency, has practiced thrift cost of labor and time cost, has improved multiple-effect evaporation plant's work efficiency, has prolonged multiple-effect evaporation plant's operation cycle.
(2) The system and the method are scientific and reasonable, have low operation cost and low energy consumption, are beneficial to large-scale treatment of the organic silicon wastewater, effectively reduce the steam consumption during the treatment of the organic silicon wastewater, fully recover and utilize the waste heat and the waste heat of an organic silicon production section, simultaneously can efficiently purify the wastewater, recycle the treated wastewater, save water resources, recycle or sell crystal products such as sodium chloride and the like recovered from the wastewater, have high recovery efficiency of the crystal products, and solve the problem that the salt and the like in the wastewater cannot be recovered in the prior industrial treatment of the organic silicon wastewater.
(3) According to the method, the organic silicon wastewater is pretreated, then the waste heat and the waste heat in the organic silicon production section are utilized for preheating, and finally multi-effect evaporation and desalination treatment are carried out, so that the consumption of steam for heating the organic silicon wastewater is effectively reduced; the impurity content in the treated organic silicon wastewater is obviously reduced to below 200 ppm; the treated crystal product can be recycled and sold, and through actual operation accounting, the steam consumption required by evaporating and preheating the organic silicon wastewater can be reduced by more than 4.5 tons per hour, and the steam consumption can be saved by more than 3.24 ten thousand tons per year according to 300 days of annual production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system for reducing energy consumption of organosilicon wastewater treatment by using waste heat according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for reducing energy consumption of organosilicon wastewater treatment by using waste heat according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for reducing energy consumption of organosilicon wastewater treatment by using waste heat according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a defoaming device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view of the installation of a plurality of damping vanes of a demister according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an expanded structure of a damping blade of the defoaming device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a foam cleaning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the foam cleaning device in a top view taken along line a-a in fig. 7.
Description of reference numerals:
11. a wastewater collection tank 12, a flocculation sedimentation tank 13, a dosing device 14, a filter press 21, a heat exchanger at the chloromethane synthesis section 31, a four-effect evaporation device 41, a thickener 42, a centrifuge 43 and a liquid return tank;
1101. a mixing device 3101, a defoaming device 3102, a defoaming device;
3111. a protective frame 3112, a damping blade 3113, a fixed plate 3114, a wire mesh plate 3115 and a defoaming channel; 3121. the device comprises a clean water tank, a 3122 high-pressure pump, a 3123 liquid discharge pipe, a 3124 clean water pipeline, a 3125 water inlet hole;
1121. an inlet section 1122, an outlet section 1123, a wave-shaped turning section 1124 and wave-shaped bulges.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any inventive step, also belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, when used in this specification and the appended claims, means that the element or item listed before "comprises" or "comprising" includes "or" includes but is not limited to the element or item listed after "comprising" or "includes" and the equivalent thereof, and does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" or "a plurality" means two or more times unless otherwise specified.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the system for reducing the energy consumption of organosilicon wastewater treatment by using waste heat provided by the invention comprises: the system comprises a wastewater pretreatment unit, a waste heat utilization unit, a multi-effect evaporation unit and a desalting unit;
the input end of the waste heat utilization unit is connected with the output end of the waste water pretreatment unit, the output end of the waste heat utilization unit is connected with the input end of the multiple-effect evaporation unit, and the output end of the multiple-effect evaporation unit is connected with the input end of the desalting unit; a liquid return outlet of the desalting unit is connected with a liquid return inlet of the multi-effect evaporation unit through a pipeline and used for conveying the liquid return of the desalting unit to the multi-effect evaporation unit for re-evaporation;
the wastewater pretreatment unit comprises a wastewater collection tank 11, and the wastewater collection tank 11 is used for collecting and storing organosilicon wastewater generated in the organosilicon production process; the multi-effect evaporation unit comprises a four-effect evaporation device 31; the desalting unit comprises a thickener 41, a centrifuge 42 and a liquid return tank 43 which are connected in sequence according to the material conveying direction;
the waste heat utilization unit comprises a plurality of heat exchangers 21 of methyl chloride synthesis sections, and the heat exchangers 21 of the methyl chloride synthesis sections use organic silicon wastewater as cooling media to recover and utilize waste heat of the methyl chloride synthesis sections; the organic silicon wastewater heated by the waste heat utilization unit is sent to the multi-effect evaporation unit through a pipeline from the output end of the waste heat utilization unit.
The waste heat utilization unit is arranged to enable waste heat of a chloromethane synthesis section in organic silicon production to be used as a preheating heat source of organic silicon wastewater to enter the multi-effect evaporation unit, so that the waste heat of the chloromethane synthesis section can be recycled, a chloromethane synthesis production device can be cooled, the waste heat of the chloromethane synthesis section can be utilized more reasonably and comprehensively, energy loss is greatly saved, the use amount of steam in the multi-effect evaporation unit and the energy consumption of the whole organic silicon wastewater treatment system are greatly reduced, and the energy-saving and environment-friendly effects are achieved.
As shown in fig. 2, in practical implementation, a mixing device 1101 is disposed in the wastewater collection tank 11, and the mixing device 1101 includes any one of the following: paddle stirrers, jet stirrers, submersible stirrers. Alternatively, the mixing device 1101 may include other devices that can perform the mixing and homogenizing functions.
The main sources of the organic silicon wastewater are deep dehydration wastewater, water scrubber wastewater, alkaline washing wastewater, hydrogen-containing silicone oil wastewater and the like generated in the organic silicon production process. The wastewater collection tank is arranged in the invention, so that the organosilicon wastewater with different components and concentrations is buffered and temporarily stored, and the organosilicon wastewater is homogenized in the collection tank, thereby ensuring the operation stability of the organosilicon wastewater treatment system.
In specific implementation, an outlet of the wastewater liquid collection tank 11 is connected with a cooling medium inlet of the heat exchanger 21 of the plurality of methyl chloride synthesis sections of the waste heat utilization unit, a cooling medium outlet of the heat exchanger 21 of the plurality of methyl chloride synthesis sections of the waste heat utilization unit is connected with a feed inlet of the four-effect evaporation device 31, and a concentrated slurry outlet of the four-effect evaporation device 31 is connected with an inlet of the thickener 41 of the desalting unit.
In the invention, the normal-temperature organic silicon wastewater is sent to a chloromethane synthesis section to be used as a cooling medium, and the waste heat of the chloromethane synthesis section are utilized to carry out waste heat temperature rise on the organic silicon wastewater, so that the normal-temperature organic silicon wastewater can be heated to more than 85 ℃, and meanwhile, the water quality is kept unchanged; the organosilicon waste water is heated and then sent to the four-effect evaporation device for treatment, so that the steam consumption required for preheating the organosilicon waste water in the multi-effect evaporation unit can be obviously reduced, the steam and energy consumption for waste water treatment can be saved, the temperature of a chloromethane synthesis production device can be reduced, the waste heat and waste heat of a chloromethane synthesis section can be recovered and utilized, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and good economic benefit and social benefit are achieved.
In the desalination unit, an inlet of the thickener 41 is connected to a concentrated slurry outlet of a last separator of the four-effect evaporator 31, and an outlet of the thickener 41 is connected to an inlet of the centrifuge 42; a solid outlet of the centrifuge 42 discharges the obtained crystals through a pipeline, and a liquid outlet of the centrifuge 42 is connected with an inlet of the liquid return tank 43; the liquid return outlet of the liquid return tank 43 is connected with the liquid return inlet of the last stage heater of the four-effect evaporation device 31.
Preferably, the steam outlet of the last stage separator of the four-effect evaporation device 31 is connected with a condenser, and the liquid obtained by condensation can be recycled for producing organic silicon.
As shown in fig. 3, in specific implementation, the wastewater pretreatment unit further includes a flocculation sedimentation tank 12, a dosing device 13 and a filter press 14; the outlet of the dosing device 13 is connected with the dosing port of the flocculation sedimentation tank 12;
an inlet of the flocculation sedimentation tank 12 is connected with an outlet of the wastewater collection tank 11, a liquid discharge port of the flocculation sedimentation tank 12 is connected with a cooling medium inlet of a heat exchanger 21 of a plurality of chloromethane synthesis sections of the waste heat utilization unit, and a sludge discharge port of the flocculation sedimentation tank 12 is connected with an inlet of the filter press 14;
the liquid outlet of the filter press 14 is connected with the cooling medium inlet of the heat exchanger 21 of the plurality of chloromethane synthesis sections of the residual heat utilization unit, and the solid outlet of the filter press 14 discharges the obtained filter cake as solid waste through a pipeline.
The organic silicon wastewater has a relatively miscellaneous source, the impurities in the wastewater are numerous and complex, and part of the impurities may influence the heat transfer efficiency of the waste heat utilization unit and the multi-effect evaporation unit or influence the evaporation rate of the multi-effect evaporation unit and the stability of the evaporation concentration process, so that the organic silicon wastewater is subjected to flocculation sedimentation treatment in the wastewater pretreatment unit, and the treated clarified wastewater is more favorable for improving the operation stability and the wastewater treatment efficiency of the organic silicon wastewater treatment system.
As shown in fig. 4, in practical implementation, the four-effect evaporation device 31 includes four heaters and four separators, and a vapor outlet of each separator is provided with a defoaming device 3101;
the defoaming device includes a protective frame 3111, a plurality of damping blades 3112 fixed in the protective frame 3111, a fixed plate 3113, and a wire mesh plate 3114 disposed in the fixed plate 3113; the protective frame 3111 and the fixed plate 3113 are fixedly connected, and the fixed plate 3113 is disposed above the protective frame 3111.
According to the defoaming device disclosed by the invention, the damping blades and the wire mesh plate are combined for use, and through the structural change of the defoaming device, the foams and the mist liquid drops can be completely intercepted, the defoaming effect is obviously improved, the defoaming efficiency and quality are improved, the effective components in secondary steam are prevented from being brought out, the recovery efficiency of crystal products in organic silicon wastewater can be improved, the wastewater treatment cost is reduced, and the wastewater pollution is prevented.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, in practical implementation, a plurality of damping blades 3112 are arranged in parallel, a defoaming channel 3115 is formed between adjacent damping blades, and the damping blades 3112 are bent into an inlet section 1121, an outlet section 1122, and a wave-shaped turning section 1123 formed by bending multiple times between the inlet section and the outlet section;
the inlet segment 1121 and the outlet segment 1122 are located on the same plane, and the surface of the damping blade 3112 is provided with a plurality of wave-shaped protrusions 1124 perpendicular to the plane of the inlet segment.
The wavy bulges are arranged on the surface of the damping blade, so that the impact frequency between steam and the damping blade can be effectively increased, the problem of poor defoaming effect caused by smooth surface of the damping blade is solved, the defoaming effect is improved, and the gas-liquid separation effect is improved.
In specific implementation, the wire mesh plate 3114 includes a plurality of layers of stainless steel wire mesh screens, and the mesh diameter of the stainless steel wire mesh screens is smaller than the diameter of the defoaming channel 3115.
When steam moves from bottom to top in the separator, partial liquid foam is carried, when the steam passes through the defoaming device, the larger liquid foam is partially broken at the wavy turning section of the damping blade through the defoaming channel formed by the damping blade, and then the smaller liquid foam can be further broken and separated by matching with the wire mesh plate with the smaller mesh diameter, so that the defoaming quality can be effectively improved.
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, in practical application, the foam removing device 3101 is further provided with a matched foam cleaning device 3102; the foam cleaning device comprises a clean water tank 3121, a high-pressure pump 3122 and a liquid discharge pipe 3123; the clean water tank 3121 is set up outside the separator, the high-pressure pump 3122 is set up in the bottom of the clean water tank 3121, the drain pipe 3123 is fixedly connected between fixed plate 3113 and sidewall of the separator; the high-pressure pump 3122 and the liquid discharge pipe 3123 are connected by means of a clear water pipe 3124 penetrating through the side wall of the separator;
the drain pipe 3123 and the fixed plate 3113 are provided with a plurality of one-to-one water inlet holes 3125, the diameter of the water inlet hole 3125 is 1-2cm, and the water inlet hole 3125 is used for delivering the clear water in the drain pipe 3123 into the wire mesh plate 3114 through the fixed plate 3113.
The secondary steam escapes from the top of the separator, and after long-term operation, a large amount of liquid foam can be adhered and gathered on the surface of the defoaming device, so that negative effects are caused on the defoaming efficiency and the defoaming quality of the defoaming device, and the working efficiency of the multi-effect evaporation device can be reduced. Therefore, the foam removing device is convenient to clean due to the arrangement of the foam removing device. Clear foam device can regularly with the clear water in the clear water tank through high-pressure pump and clear water pipeline input fluid-discharge tube, then let in high-pressure clear water through the inlet port on fluid-discharge tube and the fixed plate and wash in to the wire mesh board, have certain cleaning action to the foam removal device, can avoid the problem that the foam removal device blockked up, can reduce the foam removal device again and demolish abluent frequency, the cost of labor and the time cost have been practiced thrift, the work efficiency of multiple-effect evaporation plant has been improved, the operation cycle of multiple-effect evaporation plant has been prolonged.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1:
a system for reducing organic silicon wastewater treatment energy consumption by utilizing waste heat comprises the following operation flows:
1) deep dehydration wastewater, washing tower wastewater, alkaline washing wastewater, hydrogen-containing silicone oil wastewater and the like generated in the production process of organic silicon are sent into a wastewater collecting tank 11, homogenized in the wastewater collecting tank 11 by a mixing device 1101, and temporarily stored for standby;
2) the organic silicon wastewater is sent into a waste heat utilization unit from an outlet of the wastewater collection tank 11, enters from cooling medium inlets of the heat exchangers 21 of a plurality of methyl chloride synthesis sections, and is discharged from cooling medium outlets of the heat exchangers 21 of the plurality of methyl chloride synthesis sections;
3) the heated organic silicon wastewater enters a multi-effect evaporation unit from a feed inlet of a four-effect evaporation device 31 for evaporation and concentration, steam is connected with a condenser from a steam outlet of a last-stage separator of the four-effect evaporation device 31, liquid obtained by condensation can be reused for producing organic silicon, and concentrated slurry is discharged into a desalting unit from a concentrated slurry outlet of the last-stage separator;
4) concentrated slurry enters from an inlet of a thickener 41 of the desalting unit, is discharged into a centrifuge 42 from an outlet of the thickener 41 after being thickened, is centrifuged in the centrifuge 42, is discharged from a solid outlet of the centrifuge 42 to obtain crystals through a pipeline, is discharged from a liquid outlet of the centrifuge 42 to a liquid return tank 43, and is discharged from a liquid return outlet of the liquid return tank 43 to a last-stage heater of the four-effect evaporation device 31 for circulating evaporation and concentration.
Example 2:
the operation flow of the system for reducing the energy consumption of organosilicon wastewater treatment by using waste heat is different from that of the system in the embodiment 1 only in that:
1) the deep dehydration waste water, the water scrubber waste water, the alkali washing waste water, the hydrogen-containing silicone oil waste water and the like generated in the production process of the organic silicon are sent into a waste water collecting tank 11, after being homogenized in a waste water collecting tank 11 by a mixing device 1101, the waste water is discharged into a flocculation sedimentation tank 12 through an outlet of the waste water collecting tank 11, adding a flocculating agent into the organic silicon wastewater in the flocculation sedimentation tank 12 from a dosing port of the flocculation sedimentation tank 12 through a dosing device 13, after the flocculation sedimentation of the organic silicon wastewater is completed, the supernatant liquor is sent into the waste heat utilization unit through the liquid outlet of the flocculation sedimentation tank 12, the lower layer is precipitated and is sent into the filter press 14 through the sludge discharge port of the flocculation sedimentation tank 12, the lower layer is precipitated and is filtered in the filter press 14, the liquid obtained by filter pressing is sent into the waste heat utilization unit through the liquid outlet of the filter press 14, and the solid obtained by filter pressing is discharged as solid waste through a pipeline from the solid outlet of the filter press 14.
Example 3:
the working principle of the foam removing device and the foam cleaning device in the four-effect evaporation device is as follows:
(1) defoaming: after the organosilicon wastewater enters the separator from the heater of the four-effect evaporation device 31, gas-liquid separation is carried out in the separator, part of liquid foam carried by secondary steam moves from bottom to top in the separator, when the organosilicon wastewater runs to a defoaming device 3101 arranged at a steam outlet of the separator, the organosilicon wastewater enters a defoaming channel 3115 from an inlet section 1121 of a damping blade 3112, then collides with a wavy turning section 1123, larger liquid foam is broken by the damping blade 3112 and wavy protrusions 1124 on the damping blade 3112 in the collision process, then is discharged from an outlet section 1122, then enters a wire mesh plate 3114, smaller liquid foam is broken and blocked, the steam smoothly passes through the wire mesh plate 3114 and the defoaming device 3101, the steam purified by defoaming is discharged from the steam outlet of the separator, the liquid foam is partially converged in the defoaming device 3101 and flows back to the separator, and is partially retained on the defoaming device 3101.
(2) Foam cleaning: after the four-effect evaporation device 31 operates for a certain time, the high-pressure pump 3122 in the clear water tank 3121 of the foam cleaning device 3102 is started, clear water in the clear water tank 3121 is pumped into a clear water pipeline 3124 penetrating through the side wall of the separator through the high-pressure pump 3122, then is input into the liquid discharge pipe 3123, high-pressure clear water is introduced into the wire mesh plate 3114 through the liquid discharge pipe 3123 and a plurality of water inlet holes 3125 arranged on the fixing plate 3113 in a one-to-one correspondence manner for washing, the high-pressure clear water flows to the lower part of the separator after cleaning the wire mesh plate 3114 and the damping blades 3112, the clear water for cleaning does not affect materials in the multiple-effect evaporation device, and is vaporized by high temperature or discharged from the lower part of the separator during the operation of the multiple-effect evaporation device.
Example 4:
a method for reducing the energy consumption of organosilicon wastewater treatment by using waste heat comprises the following steps:
1) a wastewater pretreatment stage: organic silicon wastewater generated in the production process of organic silicon is collected into a wastewater collection tank, and is homogenized by a mixing device arranged in the wastewater collection tank and is temporarily stored for later use;
2) a waste heat utilization stage: the organic silicon wastewater at normal temperature (25 ℃) in the wastewater collection tank is sent to a chloromethane synthesis section, the organic silicon wastewater serves as a cooling medium in the chloromethane synthesis section, the waste heat of the chloromethane synthesis section is recycled through a heat exchanger, the organic silicon wastewater is heated to 85 ℃, and the heated organic silicon wastewater is sent to the next stage;
3) a multi-effect evaporation stage: feeding the heated organic silicon wastewater into a four-effect evaporation device, carrying out evaporation concentration on the organic silicon wastewater through the four-effect evaporation device, discharging concentrated slurry with the concentration of 65% generated in a last-stage separator into the next stage from a concentrated slurry outlet, and discharging generated steam from a steam outlet for recycling;
4) a desalting stage: delivering concentrated slurry obtained by multi-effect evaporation into a thickener, delivering the concentrated slurry into a centrifuge for solid-liquid separation after the concentration of the concentrated slurry is thickened to 85%, discharging crystals obtained by separation through a solid outlet of the centrifuge, and recycling the obtained crystals for sale; the liquid obtained by separation is transported to a liquid return tank through a liquid outlet of the centrifuge for storage, and then is transported to a last-stage heater of the four-effect evaporation device from the liquid return tank for circulating evaporation and concentration.
Example 5:
the method for reducing the energy consumption of organosilicon wastewater treatment by using waste heat only comprises the following steps of:
1) a wastewater pretreatment stage: organic silicon waste water that produces in the organic silicon production process is concentrated to waste water collecting tank in to carry out the homogeneity with the mixing arrangement who sets up in waste water collecting tank, then send into the flocculation sedimentation tank, utilize charge device to add the flocculating agent in the organic silicon waste water of flocculation sedimentation tank and carry out the flocculation and subside, wherein the waste heat utilization stage is sent into through the leakage fluid dram of flocculation sedimentation tank to upper clear liquid, lower floor's precipitate is sent into the pressure filter through the mud drainage mouth of flocculation sedimentation tank and is carried out the filter-pressing in, the waste heat utilization stage is sent into to the gained liquid of filter-pressing, the gained filter cake is discharged through the solid outlet of pressure filter as solid waste. The flocculating agent added into the organic silicon wastewater by the dosing device is PAC solution and PAM solution; the addition amount of the flocculant is 250mg/L wastewater, wherein the wastewater contains 90 wt% of PAC solution and 10 wt% of PAM solution, the concentration of the PAC solution is 10 wt%, and the concentration of the PAM solution is 5 wt%.
Comparative example 1:
a method for treating organosilicon waste water, which only differs from the step of example 4 in that:
in the wastewater pretreatment stage, the organic silicon wastewater is homogenized in a wastewater collection tank, and then is directly sent into a four-effect evaporation device in a multi-effect evaporation stage for evaporation and concentration, and then enters a desalting stage; namely, the organosilicon wastewater is not operated in the waste heat utilization stage.
Test example 1:
the test method comprises the following steps: the treatment of the organosilicon wastewater was carried out according to the methods of example 4, example 5 and comparative example 1, respectively, and the wastewater treatment amounts were all 40m3And/h, after the stable operation is carried out for 1 month, the steam consumption is counted, and specific data are shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1
The table above shows the measured data in production, and analysis shows that when the organosilicon wastewater is treated, the system and the method of the invention can reduce the steam consumption required by evaporating and preheating the organosilicon wastewater by more than 4.5 tons per hour, and can save the steam consumption by more than 3.24 ten thousand tons per year according to 300 days of annual production.
It should be noted that, under the guidance of the present invention, those skilled in the art can also make partial modifications and designs to the above system. For example, a pump, a pressure sensor, a flow meter, a temperature sensor, and the like are arranged between different units or devices and equipment on a conveying pipeline inside the system, different valves are also arranged at the same time, such as a pressure relief valve, a pressure regulating valve, a safety valve, and the like which are used for regulating and stabilizing the pressure of the whole system, and the opening degree of the valves can be regulated to regulate the material flow in the pipeline, and the like.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that; the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for reducing organic silicon wastewater treatment energy consumption by utilizing waste heat is characterized by comprising: the system comprises a wastewater pretreatment unit, a waste heat utilization unit, a multi-effect evaporation unit and a desalting unit;
the input end of the waste heat utilization unit is connected with the output end of the waste water pretreatment unit, the output end of the waste heat utilization unit is connected with the input end of the multi-effect evaporation unit, and the output end of the multi-effect evaporation unit is connected with the input end of the desalination unit; a liquid return outlet of the desalting unit is connected with a liquid return inlet of the multi-effect evaporation unit through a pipeline and used for conveying the liquid return of the desalting unit to the multi-effect evaporation unit for re-evaporation;
the wastewater pretreatment unit comprises a wastewater collection tank, and the wastewater collection tank is used for collecting and storing organosilicon wastewater generated in the organosilicon production process;
the multi-effect evaporation unit comprises a four-effect evaporation device;
the desalting unit comprises a thickener, a centrifuge and a liquid return tank which are connected in sequence according to the material conveying direction;
the waste heat utilization unit comprises a plurality of heat exchangers of methyl chloride synthesis sections, and the heat exchangers of the methyl chloride synthesis sections use the organic silicon wastewater as a cooling medium to recover and utilize waste heat of the methyl chloride synthesis sections; the organic silicon wastewater heated by the waste heat utilization unit is sent to the multi-effect evaporation unit through a pipeline from the output end of the waste heat utilization unit.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein: the waste water collection tank is internally provided with a mixing device, and the mixing device comprises any one of the following components: paddle stirrers, jet stirrers, submersible stirrers.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein: the export of waste water collection liquid jar with a plurality of waste heat utilization unit the coolant inlet of the heat exchanger of methyl chloride synthesis workshop section is connected, a plurality of waste heat utilization unit the coolant outlet of the heat exchanger of methyl chloride synthesis workshop section with the feed inlet of four-effect evaporation device is connected, four-effect evaporation device's concentrated thick liquid export with the desalination unit the entry linkage of stiff ware.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein: in the desalting unit, an inlet of the thickener is connected with a concentrated slurry outlet of a last-stage separator of the four-effect evaporation device, and an outlet of the thickener is connected with an inlet of the centrifuge; a solid outlet of the centrifuge discharges the obtained crystals through a pipeline, and a liquid outlet of the centrifuge is connected with an inlet of the liquid return tank; and a liquid return outlet of the liquid return tank is connected with a liquid return inlet of the last stage heater of the four-effect evaporation device.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein: the wastewater pretreatment unit also comprises a flocculation sedimentation tank, a dosing device and a filter press;
the outlet of the dosing device is connected with the dosing port of the flocculation sedimentation tank;
an inlet of the flocculation sedimentation tank is connected with an outlet of the wastewater liquid collection tank, a liquid discharge port of the flocculation sedimentation tank is connected with cooling medium inlets of heat exchangers of a plurality of chloromethane synthesis sections of the waste heat utilization unit, and a sludge discharge port of the flocculation sedimentation tank is connected with an inlet of the filter press;
and a liquid outlet of the filter press is connected with a plurality of cooling medium inlets of the heat exchangers of the chloromethane synthesis section of the waste heat utilization unit, and a solid outlet of the filter press discharges the obtained filter cake as solid waste through a pipeline.
6. The system according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein: the four-effect evaporation device comprises four heaters and four separators, and a vapor outlet of each separator is provided with a defoaming device;
the defoaming device comprises a protective frame, a plurality of damping blades fixed in the protective frame, a fixed plate and a wire mesh plate arranged in the fixed plate; the protective frame is fixedly connected with the fixing plate, and the fixing plate is arranged above the protective frame.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein: the damping blades are arranged in parallel, a defoaming channel is formed between every two adjacent damping blades, and the damping blades are bent into an inlet section, an outlet section and a wavy turning section which is formed by bending for many times and is arranged between the inlet section and the outlet section;
the inlet section and the outlet section are located on the same plane, and a plurality of wavy bulges vertical to the plane of the inlet section are arranged on the surface of the damping blade.
8. The system of claim 6, wherein: the defoaming device is also provided with a matched defoaming device; the foam removing device comprises a clean water tank, a high-pressure pump and a liquid discharge pipe;
the clean water tank is arranged outside the separator, the high-pressure pump is arranged at the bottom of the clean water tank, and the liquid discharge pipe is fixedly connected between the fixed plate and the side wall of the separator;
the high-pressure pump and the liquid discharge pipe are connected through a clear water pipeline penetrating through the side wall of the separator;
the drain pipe and the fixing plate are provided with a plurality of water inlet holes in one-to-one correspondence, the diameters of the water inlet holes are 1-2cm, and the water inlet holes are used for conveying clean water in the drain pipe into the wire mesh plate through the fixing plate.
9. A method for reducing the energy consumption of organosilicon wastewater treatment by using waste heat is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1 wastewater pretreatment stage: organic silicon wastewater generated in the production process of organic silicon is collected into a wastewater collection tank, and is homogenized by a mixing device arranged in the wastewater collection tank and is temporarily stored for later use;
s2 waste heat utilization stage: the organic silicon wastewater at normal temperature in the wastewater collection tank is sent to a chloromethane synthesis section, the organic silicon wastewater as a cooling medium in the chloromethane synthesis section passes through a heat exchanger, the waste heat of the chloromethane synthesis section is recycled, the organic silicon wastewater is heated to more than 80 ℃, and the heated organic silicon wastewater is sent to the next stage;
s3 multiple-effect evaporation stage: feeding the heated organic silicon wastewater into a four-effect evaporation device, carrying out evaporation concentration on the organic silicon wastewater through the four-effect evaporation device, discharging concentrated slurry with the concentration of over 60 percent generated in a last-stage separator into the next stage from a concentrated slurry outlet, and discharging generated steam from a steam outlet for recycling;
s4 desalting stage: delivering concentrated slurry obtained by multi-effect evaporation into a thickener, delivering the concentrated slurry into a centrifuge for solid-liquid separation after the concentration of the concentrated slurry is thickened to be more than 80%, discharging crystals obtained by separation through a solid outlet of the centrifuge, and recycling the obtained crystals for sale; the liquid obtained by separation is transported to a liquid return tank through a liquid outlet of the centrifuge for storage, and then is transported to a last-stage heater of the four-effect evaporation device from the liquid return tank for circulating evaporation and concentration.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein: the S1 wastewater pretreatment stage further comprising: organic silicon waste water produced in the production process of organic silicon is concentrated into a waste water liquid collecting tank, and is homogenized by a mixing device arranged in the waste water liquid collecting tank, then the organic silicon waste water is sent into a flocculation sedimentation tank, a flocculating agent is added into the organic silicon waste water in the flocculation sedimentation tank by using a dosing device for flocculation sedimentation, wherein the upper layer clear liquid is sent into a waste heat utilization stage through a liquid discharge port of the flocculation sedimentation tank, the lower layer precipitate is sent into a filter press through a sludge discharge port of the flocculation sedimentation tank for filter pressing, liquid obtained by filter pressing is sent into the waste heat utilization stage, and the obtained filter cake is discharged through a solid outlet of the filter press as solid waste.
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