CN115606586A - Methods of Prolonging Low Temperature Storage Time and Regulating Flowering Period of Tulip/Lily Bulbs - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for regulating and controlling tulip/lily seedball by prolonging low-temperature storage time and flowering phase, which comprises the following steps: 1. cleaning and disinfecting tulip and lily bulbs, and then soaking the tulip and the lily bulbs by using a glycerol solution; 2. placing the seed balls in a cool and ventilated place to be dried; 3. respectively placing the aired tulip and lily bulbs into a refrigeration house (5-8 ℃) for low-temperature storage; 4. the seed balls are planted and maintained and managed in batches at different time points of low-temperature storage. The method can effectively prolong the storage time of the tulip and lily seed balls at low temperature, inhibit the advanced growth of main flower buds and side buds, reduce nutrient consumption and achieve the aims of long-term high-quality storage and flowering period regulation of the seed balls.

Description

Methods of Prolonging Low Temperature Storage Time and Regulating Flowering Period of Tulip/Lily Bulbs

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of post-harvest treatment of bulbous flower bulbs, in particular to a method for prolonging low-temperature storage time and controlling flowering period of tulip/lily bulbs.

Background technique

Tulip (Tulipa L.) and Lilium (Lilium L.) are famous bulbous flowers of Liliaceae. They are widely loved by people because of their unique flower shapes, rich colors and charming fragrance. They are excellent cut flowers, potted flowers and flowers for parks, with high ornamental value and economic value. my country's tulip and lily industry has problems such as extremely low market share of independent varieties, strong dependence on provenance, serious degradation of bulbs, immature technology for harvesting and storage of bulbs, and low level of production mechanization. It is a key stage that affects the flowering quality and flowering regulation of bulbous flowers. Since lily and tulip bulbs rely on imports, the time window for domestic practitioners to buy imported bulbs is too short. For example, the pre-sale period for tulip bulbs is in the first half of the year, but the market sales period is from October to December each year. During the month, there was often a phenomenon of "ball shortage" or "difficult to find a ball". Although the sales window period of lily bulbs has improved compared with that of tulips, the storage conditions of bulbs are relatively harsh, requiring wet storage in a cold storage at 0-2°C, which greatly increases the production and labor costs of bulb distributors and growers. The cost of sales is not conducive to the annual production and promotion of flower bulbs.

Vegetative organs such as bulbs and stems and leaves of Liliaceae bulbs can sense the ambient temperature and participate in the regulation of bulb dormancy and flowering. Generally speaking, the storage time of bulbs at low temperature is inversely proportional to the flowering time of plants. Different genera/species of flower bulbs require different optimum temperature ranges at different stages of their growth and development. Bulbs will delay flowering or even blind flowering when low-temperature treatment is insufficient, but it is not that the longer the low-temperature treatment period is, the better. Studies have shown that within a certain range, the longer the bulbs are stored at low temperature, the higher the plant height and flower diameter of tulips and lilies. Small. After long-term low-temperature storage, tulip bulbs will wilt and lose water, and flower buds and side buds will grow early, while lily bulbs will grow faster, leading to early consumption of bulb nutrients, which greatly affects the plant after cultivation. flowering quality.

Therefore, the long-term storage technology of research and development bulb is the key problem that bulb flower industry needs to solve always. The establishment of this technology can improve the storage quality of bulbs, improve the supply period of bulbs, and provide a provenance basis for the annual production of flower bulbs. In addition, the research and development of bulb storage technology under low temperature conditions is also a prerequisite for bulb flowering regulation technology. This technology system is a key link in the system to master the complete production chain of tulips and lilies. Localized production provides technical support and brings more economic benefits to bulb producers.

Contents of the invention

According to the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention discloses a method for prolonging the low-temperature storage time of tulip/lily bulbs and regulating the flowering period, so as to realize long-term and high-quality storage of bulbs, and adjust planting while ensuring ornamental quality Period, in order to achieve the purpose of balanced ball supply.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The method for prolonging low-temperature storage time and flowering regulation of tulip/lily bulbs comprises the following steps:

Step 1. After cleaning and disinfecting tulip or lily bulbs, use 45-55% volume fraction of glycerin solution to soak for more than 10 minutes, and dry them in a cool and ventilated place after the treatment;

Step 2. Put the dried tulip or lily bulbs into the cold storage for low-temperature storage.

Further, the mass fraction of glycerol in step 1 is 50%.

Further, the bulbs of tulips are bulbs whose flower bud differentiation has been completed, no damage or disease, and a circumference of 12 cm or more; bulbs of lily are those that have been released from dormancy, are similar in size, have saturated and tight scales, are free from diseases and insect pests, and have no bulb discs. Damaged bulbs with a circumference of 12cm and above.

Further, the disinfection method is to use a 600-fold dilution of carbendazim for 30 minutes.

Further, the treatment method of tulip bulbs in step 1 is: first peel off the outer brown seed coat of the root disc to expose the outer scales of the root disc, and then immerse the lower 2/3 of the bulb in 50% glycerin In the solution, the soaking time is 10-30 minutes; in step 1, the lily bulbs are treated in the following way: completely immerse the bulbs in 50% glycerin solution, and the soaking time is 10-30 minutes.

Further, in step 1, the treated tulip bulbs are placed in a cool and ventilated place to air for 2 to 4 days; the treated lily bulbs are placed in a cool and ventilated place to air for 2 to 4 hours.

Further, in step 2, the low-temperature storage temperature is 5-8°C.

Further, in step 2, the tulip bulbs are stored dry in boxes; the lily bulbs are stored wet, and the medium is high-temperature sterilized peat soil with a water content of 50%.

Further, in step 2, the condition of the bulbs is checked every other week during low-temperature storage, and the rotten bulbs are cleaned up in time; after the bulbs are released from dormancy, the bulbs are planted and maintained daily in different time periods.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The present invention effectively suppresses the growth of flower buds in the low-temperature storage period by carrying out the pretreatment of the glycerin solution to the bulbs, reduces the nutrient consumption of the bulbs, and prolongs the low-temperature storage time of tulips and lily bulbs.

2. Among the present invention, through the tulip and the lily bulb that glycerol solution is processed, compare with control group after cultivation, can effectively delay the flowering time of plant, to reach the purpose of florescence regulation, staggered peak listing.

3. In the present invention, the tulip and lily bulbs treated with the glycerin solution can significantly improve the flowering quality of the bulbs after long-term low-temperature storage, and reduce the blind flower rate and deformity rate.

4. The present invention has a good long-term storage effect for lily bulbs that have been released from dormancy, and can be stored for a long time in ordinary cold storage (5-8°C), without the need for ultra-low temperatures of 0°C or below, and significantly improves its flowering rate and Flowering quality.

5. The bulb storage and florescence regulation technology of the present invention is applicable to multiple varieties of tulips and lilies, has wide variety applicability, is simple to operate, and is easy to popularize and apply.

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is that in embodiment 1, during low-temperature storage period, the comparison of the flower bud length of tulip bulbs in the control group and the treatment group. The control group was treated with clear water, and the treatment group was treated with 50% glycerol for 30 minutes, and then the flower bud length was measured at different time points, and photographed and recorded (n=50), the experiment was repeated several times;

Fig. 2 is that in embodiment 1, the tulip bulbs of low temperature storage for 3 months are planted, the plant height and the flowering situation (n=50) of the tulip plants of the control group and the treatment group at different time points during the growth period, and the experiment is repeated several times;

Fig. 3 shows that in Example 2, the lily bulbs released from dormancy were treated with water and glycerin respectively, and then stored at low temperature. Comparison of flower bud length of lily bulbs between control group and treatment group during storage. The control group was treated with clear water, and the treatment group was treated with 50% glycerol for 10min, 20min and 30min, and then the flower bud length was measured at different time points, and photographed and recorded (n=30), the experiment was repeated several times;

Figure 4 shows that in Example 2, the lily bulbs released from dormancy were treated with water and glycerin, and then stored at low temperature for 2 months and 4 months, and planted respectively, and the growth of lily plants in the control group and the treatment group were observed and compared and flowering rate (n=30), the experiment was repeated several times.

detailed description

The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the examples given are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, it is a specific process of the present invention.

Example 1

In this embodiment, the bulbs of two tulip varieties are used as the object of implementation, and the pretreatment of the glycerin solution and the evaluation of the low-temperature storage quality are carried out, which specifically includes the following steps:

(1) Select tulip 'Verandi' ('Verandi') and 'Dow Jones' ('Dow Jones') bulbs, and select 300 intact bulbs (diameter 12-13cm) that have completed flower bud differentiation, are similar in size, and are disease-free 1, peel off the outer brown seed coat of the bulb.

(2) Soak 2/3 of the base of tulip bulbs in 50% glycerin (the end with buds exposed) for 30 minutes, and then place the bulbs in a cool and ventilated place to dry naturally for 2 days.

(3) Put the dried bulbs into a cold storage at 5-8°C, and store them in boxes for low-temperature storage. During this period, the length of the flower buds of the bulbs was recorded once a month. The results are shown in Figure 1.

(4) After the dormancy of the bulbs is released, plant the bulbs in glass greenhouses in different time periods. The substrate is a mixture of peat soil: vermiculite: perlite = 3:1:1, and the planting depth is 10cm above the top of the bulbs. Water thoroughly after planting, and then water once every two weeks and carry out daily maintenance and management. Record the growth and development of tulips on time, such as plant height, initial flowering period, flowering time and flowering rate, etc. The results are shown in Figure 2.

It can be seen from Figure 1 that the flower buds of tulip bulbs treated with 50% glycerol were significantly inhibited. Specifically, when stored at low temperature for 1, 3, 4, and 5 months, the flower bud lengths of 'Dow Jones' treated with 50% glycerol were respectively 36.7%, 43.5%, 38.3% and 32.3% of the control group; the flower bud length of 'Fan Landi' treated with 50% glycerol was 3.3%, 11%, 15.4% and 12.8% of the control group respectively, indicating that 50% glycerol treatment can alleviate the flower bud length. Early growth during low temperature storage. It can be seen from Figure 2 that the tulip bulbs treated with glycerin for 3 months had a significantly delayed flowering period after planting, among which 'Dow Jones' was delayed by 2.5 days, and 'Fan Landy' was delayed by 9.7 days, but the plant height and flowering days were significantly different after treatment. There was no significant difference between the control group and the control group, indicating that glycerin treatment can regulate the morning and evening of tulip flowering, but has no effect on flowering quality such as flower stem, flower color and flowering period; the tulip bulbs treated with glycerin can be stored at low temperature for 6 month or more, the bulb storage period was significantly extended without changing the storage quality.

Example 2

In this embodiment, the bulbs of two lily varieties are used as the object of implementation, and the pretreatment of the glycerin solution and the evaluation of the low-temperature storage quality are carried out, which specifically includes the following steps:

(1) Take the lily bulbs in the dormant state as the treatment object, and select the lily 'Wooden Gate' (Conca D') and 'Siberia' (Lilium 'Siberia') with similar size, saturated and tight scales, no pests and diseases, and no damage to the bulb disc. For the bulbs, remove the necrotic and broken roots and disinfect them with a 600-fold solution of carbendazim for 30 minutes.

(2) Submerge the lily bulbs in 50% glycerin solution for 10 minutes, 20 minutes and 30 minutes respectively, take them out and dry them in a cool and ventilated place.

(3) Put the dried lily bulbs into boxes for wet storage, embed them in high-temperature sterilized peat soil (with a water content of 50%), and put them into a cold storage (5-8° C.) for low-temperature storage. During this period, the flower bud length was recorded every two weeks, and the results are shown in Figure 3.

(4) Plant lily bulbs in glass greenhouses in batches according to needs, and the cultivation medium is peat soil: coarse perlite = 1:1 mixture. Water thoroughly after planting, and then water once every two weeks and carry out daily maintenance and management. The growth and development of lilies were recorded on time, such as plant height, initial flowering period, flowering time and flowering rate, etc. The results are shown in Figure 4.

It can be seen from Figure 3 that the flower buds of lily bulbs treated with 50% glycerol were significantly inhibited, specifically, when stored at low temperature for 4, 8, 12, and 16 weeks, the flower bud lengths of 'Siberia' treated with 50% glycerol were respectively 67.4%, 57%, 49.7% and 62.8% of the control group; the flower bud length of 'Wumen' treated with 50% glycerol was 63.6%, 55.9%, 54.2% and 57.1% of the control group, and there was no significant difference between different treatment times , indicating that 50% glycerol treatment for 10-30 minutes can inhibit the early growth of lily flower buds during low-temperature storage. It can be seen from Figure 4 that the initial flowering period of lily bulbs treated with glycerol for two months was significantly delayed after planting, among which 'Siberia' was delayed by 2-3 days, 'Wooden Gate' was delayed by 5-6 days, and the flowering rate was slightly better than the control group. After four months of low temperature treatment, all the flowers in the control group were blind, and the flowering rate was 0, while the flowering rate of the glycerol treatment group was significantly better than that of the control group, especially in the 20min glycerin treatment group, the flowering rates of 'Siberia' and 'Wooden Gate' Both are close to 70%, and the flower stem, flowering period and plant height are not affected. In summary, after pretreatment with glycerin solution, even lily bulbs in a de-dormant state can still be stored in a cold storage at 5-8°C for 4 months or more, and the storage conditions are no longer limited to 0-1°C. The requirements for refrigeration equipment in cold storage are reduced, and the storage quality of bulbs is high, and the flowering period and flowering rate after planting are significantly better than those of the control group.

The above descriptions are examples of the best implementation modes of the present invention, and the parts not mentioned in detail are common knowledge of those skilled in the art. The protection scope of the present invention is based on the content of the claims, and any equivalent transformation based on the technical inspiration of the present invention is also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The method for prolonging the low-temperature storage time and regulating the flowering phase of tulip/lily bulbs is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step 1, cleaning and disinfecting tulip or lily bulbs, soaking the tulip or lily bulbs for more than 10min by using a 45-55% volume fraction glycerol solution, and airing the tulip or lily bulbs in a cool and ventilated place after the treatment is finished;

and 2, placing the dried tulip or lily bulbs into a refrigeration house for low-temperature storage.

2. The method for regulating the extended cryopreservation time and flowering phase of tulip/lily bulbs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the volume fraction of glycerin in step 1 is 50%.

3. The method for prolonging the cryopreservation time and flowering phase of tulip/lily seedballs according to claim 1, wherein the tulip seedballs are seedballs with complete flower bud differentiation, no damage and disease, and a circumference of 12cm or more; the lily seedball is the seedball which is released from dormancy, has similar size, compact saturated scales, no plant diseases and insect pests, no damage to the bulbar disc and the circumference of which is 12cm or more.

4. The method for prolonging the cryopreservation time and controlling the flowering phase of tulip/lily seedballs according to claim 1, wherein the disinfection is carried out by using 600-fold dilution of carbendazim for 30min.

5. The method for prolonging the cryopreservation time and controlling the flowering phase of tulip/lily seedballs according to claim 1, wherein the tulip seedballs in step 1 are treated in a manner that: firstly, removing the outer brown seed coats of the root disk part of the seedball to expose the outer scales of the root disk part, and then immersing 2/3 part of the lower part of the seedball in a 50% glycerol solution for 10-30 min; the processing mode of the lily bulbs in the step 1 is as follows: the seed balls are completely immersed in 50% glycerol solution for 10-30 min.

6. The method for prolonging the low-temperature storage time and regulating the flowering phase of tulip/lily seedballs as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 1, the treated tulip seedballs are placed in a cool and ventilated place to be aired for 2-4 days; placing the treated lily bulbs in a cool and ventilated place to be aired for 2-4 hours.

7. The method for prolonging the cryopreservation time and flowering phase of tulip/lily bulbs as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 2, the cryopreservation temperature is 5-8 ℃.

8. The method for prolonging the cryopreservation time and flowering time of tulip/lily bulbs as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 2, the tulip bulbs are stored in boxes; the lily bulbs are stored in wet state, the medium is high-temperature sterilized turfy soil, and the water content is 50%.

9. The method for regulating and controlling the tulip/lily seedball by prolonging the cryopreservation time and the flowering phase according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, the seedball condition is checked every other week during cryopreservation, and the length of the flower bud is recorded; and planting and daily maintenance management are carried out on the seedballs in different time periods after the seedballs are released from dormancy.

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