CN115606549A - 基于改进鸡饲料的优化饲养方法 - Google Patents
基于改进鸡饲料的优化饲养方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115606549A CN115606549A CN202211262860.3A CN202211262860A CN115606549A CN 115606549 A CN115606549 A CN 115606549A CN 202211262860 A CN202211262860 A CN 202211262860A CN 115606549 A CN115606549 A CN 115606549A
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Abstract
一种基于改进鸡饲料的优化饲养方法,选用处于产蛋高峰期的健康蛋鸡,通过喂养定制饲料4周后,再开始收集鸡蛋;该改进鸡饲料,由基础饲料和功能复合包组成,其中:功能复合包添加量为1000‑2000g/t基础饲料;其中功能复合包的组分为:植酸酶、氯化胆碱、水飞蓟宾、大豆磷脂、脱氧胆酸钠、甘氨酸、吡咯喹啉醌二钠、麦芽糖糊精、乳清蛋白、海藻酸钠、氢氧化钠、维生素E、有机硒、叶酸和超细二氧化硅。本发明产得的鸡蛋中多种组分的相互协同促进,不仅实现营养强化和品质提升,而且达到降低血脂和改善脂肪肝的目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种生物工程领域的技术,具体是一种基于改进鸡饲料的优化饲养方法,能够实现降血脂和改善脂肪肝的效果。
背景技术
鸡蛋由于其高营养价值和多种烹饪方式,深受我国消费者喜爱。为了进一步丰富鸡蛋的功能,将不同功能成分如DHA复配至鸡饲料中,经鸡的摄入消化和生物转化,制备出功能型鸡蛋,具有良好的开发应用前景。
现有蛋鸡饲料的缺点和不足在于:饲料组成以满足产蛋所需的营养成分为主,重点关注产蛋性能,未考虑通过饲粮调控增加鸡蛋中的有益健康成分,饲喂蛋鸡后所产鸡蛋含有的功能成分较少,不能满足大健康时代消费者希望通过营养强化鸡蛋改善自身健康的需求,不能满足畜牧业高质量发展时期消费者差异化需求。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术存在的上述不足,提出一种基于改进鸡饲料的优化饲养方法,不仅关注蛋鸡健康和福利,更考虑功能成分在蛋鸡体内的代谢和相互协作,产得的鸡蛋中多种组分的相互协同促进,不仅实现营养强化和品质提升,而且达到降低血脂和改善脂肪肝的目的。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
本发明涉及一种基于改进鸡饲料的优化饲养方法,选用处于产蛋高峰期的健康蛋鸡,通过喂养定制饲料4周后,再开始收集鸡蛋。
当饲喂过程中,存在蛋鸡生病使用药物治疗,期间所产鸡蛋全部废弃。
所述的改进鸡饲料,由基础饲料和功能复合包组成,其中:功能复合包添加量为1000-2000g/t基础饲料。
所述的功能复合包的组分为:植酸酶、氯化胆碱、水飞蓟宾、大豆磷脂、脱氧胆酸钠、甘氨酸、吡咯喹啉醌二钠、麦芽糖糊精、乳清蛋白、海藻酸钠、氢氧化钠、维生素E、有机硒、叶酸和超细二氧化硅。
所述的功能复合包的组成分含量为:以气相超细二氧化硅为载体,每公斤复合包中含有植酸酶4×105-8×105FTU、氯化胆碱200-300g、水飞蓟宾60-80g、大豆磷脂30-60克、脱氧胆酸钠50-150克、甘氨酸60-90克、吡咯喹啉醌二钠7-14g、麦芽糖糊精45-100克、乳清蛋白9-10克、海藻酸钠3.6-4克、氢氧化钠0.5-0.8克、维生素E10-30g、有机硒硒含量0.3-0.5g、叶酸0.8-1.4g,超细二氧化硅150-400g。
所述的功能复合包采用不锈钢混合机制成预混稀释剂,制备方法为:
①将脱氧胆酸钠溶于纯净水后加入水飞蓟宾,然后与大豆磷脂混合,在55℃水浴溶解成澄清透明淡黄色溶液,再在40℃磁力搅拌上恒温搅拌1.5h,真空抽干机抽去水分,使水飞蓟宾大豆磷脂复合乳水分小于20%。
②将乳清蛋白和麦芽糖糊精溶于纯净水,搅拌制成分散液。将水飞蓟宾大豆磷脂复合乳与乳清蛋白和麦芽糖糊精分散液混合,超声混合15分钟(24KHz,振幅50%,HielscherUP400S),然后用海藻酸钠分散液稀释,调整pH到5.0,继续用超声波均质乳浊液15分钟。超声乳化时保持乳液温度在23℃以下,制成微纳米脂质乳后用真空抽干机抽去水分,使微纳米脂质乳的水分小于20%。
③将吡咯喹啉醌二钠溶于稀氢氧化钠溶液中,将超细二氧化硅Aerosil加入不锈钢混合机中,然后将微纳米脂质乳、吡咯喹啉醌二钠溶液及其他添加物全部加入混合机,开启混合,边混合边用超细二氧化硅补足份额,混合8-10分钟即得分散均匀的功能复合包预混剂。
所述的基础饲料为玉米-豆粕型,其具体含量组分为:玉米64%、豆粕24%、石粉7%和预混合饲料5%。
本发明涉及上述方法饲养得到的鸡蛋,其中胆碱含量大于220mg/枚、叶酸含量大于80μg/枚、维生素E含量大于0.7mg/枚、硒含量大于20μg/枚、水飞蓟宾含量大于1.8mg/枚、吡咯喹啉醌含量大于5μg/枚。
技术效果
首先,将脱氧胆酸钠应用于蛋鸡饲料改善脂质代谢和维护蛋鸡健康,具有新颖性。脱氧胆酸钠不仅在体外可提高水飞蓟宾的溶解度,此外在体内能够改善蛋鸡脂质代谢和肝脏健康,并可与甘氨酸、胆碱发挥协同作用,更有利于功能成分的富集。采用脱氧胆酸维护蛋鸡健康和福利,让好鸡下好蛋,克服了以往其他营养强化鸡蛋只过度关注于功能成分富集的不足。
其次,水飞蓟宾和磷脂复合并包被制成微纳米脂质体,提高水飞蓟宾的沉积效率,是本发明的重要创新。将水飞蓟宾通过脱氧胆酸钠助溶,并以磷脂作为载体先制成复合乳,可有效提高其在蛋鸡体内的吸收利用,再将复合乳经乳清蛋白和麦芽糖糊精、海藻酸钠二次包被制成微纳米脂质乳,可进一步提高其吸收利用。采用复合乳、纳米脂质体等食品工艺,通过改变活性成分吸收方式而提高生物转化效率,在饲料行业还鲜有应用。
再次,创新吡咯喹啉醌添加方式,并采用增加水飞蓟宾含量的方式提高吡咯喹啉醌富集效率,是本发明的实质性特点。吡咯喹啉醌较难于在鸡蛋中沉积,通过直接以固体粉末的形式添加于饲料会与其他成分反应,沉积效率很低。本发明采用稀碱溶液溶解,经气相超细二氧化硅分散,可提高其在体内的生物有效性。更重要的是,本发明充分利用了水飞蓟宾与吡咯喹啉醌的协同关系,大幅提高了吡咯喹啉醌的富集效率。这在以往的研究中还未见报道。
最后,利用超细二氧化硅的吸附性和缓释性,这也是本发明一大特色。气相超细二氧化硅既可保护功能成分在饲料中混合时均匀分散,提高混合均匀度,又可在肠道内发挥缓释效果。饲料级载体或稀释剂,大多采用沸石粉、玉米淀粉、玉米芯粉、稻壳粉、普通白炭黑等价廉低值产品,鲜有利用价格昂贵的气相超细二氧化硅。本发明是将纳米级超细二氧化硅应用于饲料预混合剂中,与常见的饲料功能复合包具有明显的不同。
本发明的各组分相互支撑和协同,保证了功能成分的高效富集和活性成分稳定,属于典型的组合发明。脱氧胆酸钠不仅在体外提高水飞蓟宾的溶解度,在体内还能够与甘氨酸、胆碱发挥协同作用,调控蛋鸡脂质代谢,更有利于功能成分的富集。水飞蓟宾能促进吡咯喹啉醌的沉积,而吡咯喹啉醌又能发挥降低胆固醇的作用,还能促进叶酸的沉积。维生素E和硒具有协同作用,二者的抗氧化性也能协同促进功能成分的富集和稳定。采用单一技术或某几项技术手段,无法达到本发明的技术效果。胆碱、吡咯喹啉醌和水飞蓟宾同时富集,用于脂肪肝的预防和保健,也是本发明的特色和创新之处。
附图说明
图1为实施例对照组和高脂模型组大鼠肝脏外观形态示意图;
图中:a为正常组大鼠肝脏,b为高脂组大鼠肝脏;
图2为实施例大鼠肝脏组织切片示意图;
图中:a为正常组,b为脂肪肝组,c为脂肪肝组+普通全蛋粉,d为脂肪肝组+实施例全蛋。
具体实施方式
实施例1
本实施例的可降血脂和改善脂肪肝鸡蛋的制备过程为:选用600只32周龄罗曼粉产蛋鸡(产蛋率90%),随机分为对照组和试验组2组,每组300只,分别设为6个重复,每个重复50只鸡。
所述的对照组饲喂基础饲粮的配方及重量百分比含量为:玉米63%、豆粕27%、石粉8.8%、豆油1.2%。
所述的试验组在对照组每吨基础饲粮中添加1200g功能复合包,其中每千克复合包含有植酸酶(7×105FTU)、氯化胆碱(550g)、水飞蓟宾(60g)、吡咯喹啉醌(12g)、维生素E(20g)、有机硒(硒含量0.4g)、叶酸(1.2g)。
本实施例饲喂28天后,每个组各收集15枚蛋,制成混合蛋样,冷冻干燥,测定功能成分含量。鸡蛋中硒含量测定采用GB 5009.93-2010的方法、叶酸含量测定采用GB5009.211的方法、胆碱、胆固醇、水飞蓟宾和吡咯喹啉醌的含量测定采用液相色谱法、维生素E的含量测定采用GB 5009.82-2016的方法。
表1本实施例营养健康鸡蛋中功能成分含量
由表1可知,蛋鸡饲喂添加功能复合包的饲料4周后可得到的营养健康的功能型鸡蛋,其各种功能成分如胆碱、吡咯喹啉醌、水飞蓟宾、维生素E、叶酸和硒的含量均得到有效提升,而且胆固醇也降低了35%。
实施例2
本实施例的可降血脂和改善脂肪肝鸡蛋的制备过程为:选用600只35周龄海蓝褐产蛋鸡(产蛋率92%),随机分为对照组和试验组2组,每组300只,分别设为6个重复,每个重复50只鸡。
所述的对照组饲喂基础饲粮的配方及重量百分比含量为:玉米63.2%、豆粕27.1%、石粉8.5%、豆油1.2%。
所述的试验组在对照组每吨基础饲粮中添加1400g功能复合包,其中每千克复合包含有植酸酶(8×105FTU)、氯化胆碱(580g)、水飞蓟宾(70g)、吡咯喹啉醌(13g)、维生素E(22g)、有机硒(硒含量0.5g)、叶酸(1.3g)。
本实施例饲喂28天后,每个组各收集15枚蛋,制成混合蛋样,冷冻干燥,测定功能成分含量。鸡蛋中硒含量测定采用GB 5009.93-2010的方法、叶酸含量测定采用GB5009.211的方法、胆碱、胆固醇、水飞蓟宾和吡咯喹啉醌的含量测定采用液相色谱法、维生素E的含量测定采用GB 5009.82-2016的方法。
表2本实施例营养健康鸡蛋中功能成分含量
由表2可知,蛋鸡饲喂添加功能复合包的饲料4周后可得到的营养健康的功能型鸡蛋,其各种功能成分如胆碱、吡咯喹啉醌、水飞蓟宾、维生素E、叶酸和硒的含量均得到有效提升,而且胆固醇也降低了48%。
实施例3
本实施例的可降血脂和改善脂肪肝鸡蛋的制备过程为:选用480只39周龄京粉6号产蛋鸡(产蛋率94%),随机分为对照组和试验组2组,每组240只,分别设为6个重复,每个重复40只鸡。
所述的对照组饲喂基础饲粮的配方及重量百分比含量为:玉米63%、豆粕25%、菜粕2.4%、石粉8.6%、豆油1.0%。
所述的试验组在对照组每吨基础饲粮中添加1000g功能复合包,其中每千克复合包含有植酸酶(6×105FTU)、氯化胆碱(540g)、水飞蓟宾(65g)、吡咯喹啉醌(12g)、维生素E(20g)、有机硒(硒含量0.5g)、叶酸(1.1g)。
本实施例饲喂28天后,每个组各收集15枚蛋,制成混合蛋样,冷冻干燥,测定功能成分含量。鸡蛋中硒含量测定采用GB 5009.93-2010的方法、叶酸含量测定采用GB5009.211的方法、胆碱、胆固醇、水飞蓟宾和吡咯喹啉醌的含量测定采用液相色谱法、维生素E的含量测定采用GB 5009.82-2016的方法。
表3本实施例营养健康鸡蛋中功能成分含量
由表3可知,蛋鸡饲喂添加功能复合包的饲料4周后可得到的营养健康的功能型鸡蛋,其各种功能成分如胆碱、吡咯喹啉醌、水飞蓟宾、维生素E、叶酸和硒的含量均得到有效提升,而且胆固醇也降低了29%。
鉴于实施例1-3所获得的功能型鸡蛋主要区别在于功能成分含量不同,但是种类均在,故以实施例1中所得功能型鸡蛋为例,进行了大鼠动物实验、高血脂患者实验、脂肪肝患者实验,验证本实施例鸡蛋对降血脂和改善脂肪肝的效果。
一、脂肪肝大鼠应用验证:脂肪肝模型的构建:选用健康的SD大鼠56只,适应性饲喂1周后,随机选取48只进行试验。12只为正常组,给予普通饲料喂养,其余为脂肪肝造模组,各组大鼠均自由饮水。高脂饲料由如下原料组成:77.5%大鼠基础饲料,10%鸡蛋,10%椰子油,2%胆固醇,0.5%胆盐,丙戊酸钠500mg/kg/d(按大鼠体重计算)。饲养8周后,分别从正常组、模型组中随机抽取1只大鼠肝脏,如图1所示,正常组大鼠肝脏颜色暗红,大小正常,弹性好且紧致,高脂模型组大鼠肝脏颜色发黄,质地松软易碎,体积明显偏大,对肝脏做病理切片,以《非酒精性脂肪性肝病诊疗指南》的诊断为标准,证实造模成功。
功能型鸡蛋效果检验:将实施例1中收集的普通鸡蛋和本实施例鸡蛋,制成全蛋液,冷冻干燥后分别命名为普通全蛋粉和本实施例全蛋粉。普通蛋粉和本实施例蛋粉分别对11只造模成功的试验大鼠进行灌胃处理,正常组和脂肪肝模型作为对照组不灌服。剂量为6g/日/kg体重(相当于人1g/kg体重,每日2-3枚鸡蛋)。每天早晨灌服,自由采食标准日粮。连续4周后,采集血液和肝脏样品,测定血脂和肝脏血脂及酶活含量,同时,肝脏样品做切片观测。
通过对比分析大鼠血液中血脂和转氨酶等组分(如表4所示)发现,普通全蛋粉组仅对胆固醇略有降低,而本实施例全蛋粉组有效的降低了脂肪肝组大鼠血液中的甘油三酯、总胆固醇,而且谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶恢复到正常组的相当水平,说明本实施例的鸡蛋具有降低血液脂质含量的效果。测量大鼠肝脏中甘油三酯和胆固醇(如表5所示),普通全蛋组对降低肝脏中甘油三脂和胆固醇几乎没有作用,然而经本实施例全蛋粉处理的脂肪肝大鼠肝脏中甘油三酯和胆固醇含量与正常组相似。除此之外,通过大鼠肝脏组织切片观察(如图2所示)发现,对比于正常组、脂肪肝组和普通全蛋粉组,本实施例全蛋粉组中大鼠肝脏未见明显的脂肪颗粒堆积和炎症病灶。可见本方法制备的功能型鸡蛋可以有效逆转大鼠因采食高脂饲粮引起的肝脏脂肪蓄积,降低肝脏转氨酶活性,具有较好的保肝护肝效果。
注:表中同列均值字母不同者差异显著(P<0.05)。
项目 | 甘油三酯(μmol/g) | 胆固醇(μmol/g) |
正常组 | 7.88±1.13b | 2.68±0.45b |
脂肪肝组 | 18.96±3.46a | 4.97±0.73a |
脂肪肝组+普通全蛋粉 | 16.73±2.87a | 4.86±0.62a |
脂肪肝组+本实施例全蛋粉 | 8.75±1.08b | 2.91±0.58ab |
注:表中同列均值字母不同者差异显著(P<0.05)。
二、高血脂患者和脂肪肝患者应用验证:选取10名高血脂患者志愿者,在实验开始前一周测量空腹血液中甘油三酯在3.5-8.8mmol/L,总胆固醇在5.8-10.5mmol/L之间,并停止服用药物和其他保健品。以水煮蛋的形式每日清晨食用本实施例的功能型鸡蛋1-2枚,食用周期一个月。实验结束后,测量患者血脂情况。结果表明,三分之二患者的血脂恢复到正常水平,即甘油三酯低于1.7mmol/L、总胆固醇低于5.2mmol/L;三分之一患者的血脂水平虽未恢复至正常水平,但降低幅度也在45%以上,具有较好的降血脂的效果,如表6所示。
项目 | 甘油三酯(μmol/L) | 胆固醇(μmol/L) |
服用前 | 6.70±1.62a | 7.49±1.63a |
服用一月后 | 1.79±0.31b | 4.73±0.87b |
召集12名体检结果为中度脂肪肝的中青年为志愿者,进行脂肪肝改善能力的验证。以水煮蛋的形式,依据个人爱好每天摄入1-2枚鸡蛋,食用周期2个月,维持原有的生活规律,无特意的增加运动或锻炼。实验结束体检发现,10名志愿者脂肪肝消失,成功痊愈,另2名转为轻度脂肪肝。
表7脱氧胆酸钠对蛋鸡脂质代谢和肝功指标影响
选用200只45周龄海蓝灰产蛋鸡,随机分配到4个饲粮处理,分别饲喂基础饲粮和基础饲粮中添加50、100和200mg/kg的脱氧胆酸钠饲粮,试验期3周。试验结束时,每个处理选取10只鸡,翅静脉采血,分离血清,测定血脂和肝功指标。由表7可知,饲粮中添加50-150mg/kg脱氧胆酸钠均可显著降低蛋鸡血液甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量,对高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量无显著影响,但可显著降低坏胆固醇(低密度脂蛋白胆固醇)含量。血液的肝功酶活方面,饲粮脱氧胆酸钠显著降低乳酸脱氢酶和谷草转氨酶活性,其中100和150mg/kg脱氧胆酸钠尚可降低谷丙转氨酶活性。可见,饲粮添加脱氧胆酸钠能够改善蛋鸡血脂代谢,对维护血脂和肝脏健康具有益处。
表8水飞蓟宾不同处理方式对其在鸡蛋中沉积量的影响
选用240只38周龄海蓝褐蛋鸡,随机分配到4个饲粮处理中,分别饲喂基础饲料以及基础饲粮中添加不同处理形式水飞蓟宾(80g/t)的饲粮。饲喂4周后,采集鸡蛋进行测定胆碱、胆固醇、吡咯喹啉醌和水飞蓟宾含量。由表8可知,水飞蓟宾以淀粉稀释后直接添加时,每枚鸡蛋水飞蓟宾含量为0.23mg,在采用水飞蓟宾复合乳形式添加后,水飞蓟宾含量达到每枚鸡蛋0.86mg,提高了2.74倍;而在进一步制成为纳米脂质乳饲喂后,水飞蓟宾在鸡蛋中的含量可以达到1.83mg,提高了6.96倍。此外,鸡蛋中胆碱的含量在采用水飞蓟宾微纳米脂质乳后提高了48mg/枚,提高了37%。
水飞蓟宾对吡咯喹啉醌的协同作用
选用240只40周龄海蓝褐蛋鸡,随机分配到4个饲粮处理,分别饲喂基础饲粮、以及基础饲粮中添加不同处理形式吡咯喹啉(10g/t)醌和水飞蓟宾(80g/t)的饲粮。饲喂4周后,采集鸡蛋进行测定胆碱、胆固醇、吡咯喹啉醌和水飞蓟宾含量。由表9可知,吡咯喹啉醌以淀粉稀释后直接添加,每枚鸡蛋吡咯喹啉醌含量为1.85μg,在溶解后用超细二氧化硅吸附再添加,吡咯喹啉醌含量达到每枚鸡蛋4.23μg,提高了1.29倍。水飞蓟宾复合乳和吡咯喹啉醌淀粉稀释剂组合添加,吡咯喹啉醌每枚鸡蛋含量可达5.68μg,表明水飞蓟宾对吡咯喹啉醌的沉积有极大促进作用。吡咯喹啉醌用超细二氧化硅吸附后和水飞蓟宾复合乳组合添加,鸡蛋中吡咯喹啉醌可进一步提高(达6.37μg/枚);超细二氧化硅吸附的吡咯喹啉醌和水飞蓟宾复合乳微纳米脂质体组合添加,鸡蛋中吡咯喹啉醌含量可继续提高,达到了7.12μg/枚,比吡咯喹啉醌直接以淀粉稀释添加提高了2.85倍。可见,使用超细二氧化硅吸附,并经水飞蓟宾复合乳微纳米脂质体协同,可以有效实现鸡蛋中吡咯喹啉醌的强化。
据以上实施例和功能性验证结果可知,本实施例的鸡蛋是通过在高峰产蛋期的蛋鸡饲粮中添加定制功能复合包,饲喂一定周期生产而得,鸡蛋富含促进机体脂质代谢的有益功能成分,可有效降低血液、肝脏中甘油三酯和胆固醇。该功能型鸡蛋,食用简单方便多样,将降血脂和改善脂肪肝的功能成分巧妙融入日常食物中,完全避免了患者的吃药抵触情绪,同时,实现了预防、保健甚至治疗的目的。
与现有技术相比,本发明利用蛋鸡作为生化转化器,经鸡蛋组分测量发现,将具有降血脂和呵护肝脏的功能成分如胆碱、水飞蓟宾和吡咯喹啉醌,以及促进生长发育、调节免疫力和抑制脂质氧化的叶酸、硒和维生素E均有效富集于鸡蛋中,并且蛋中胆固醇得到有效降低。经动物实验、临床试验验证,由于本发明的鸡蛋中添加的多种组分的相互协同促进,不仅实现营养强化和品质提升,而且达到降低血脂和改善脂肪肝的目的。
上述具体实施可由本领域技术人员在不背离本发明原理和宗旨的前提下以不同的方式对其进行局部调整,本发明的保护范围以权利要求书为准且不由上述具体实施所限,在其范围内的各个实现方案均受本发明之约束。
Claims (5)
1.一种基于改进鸡饲料的优化饲养方法,其特征在于,选用处于产蛋高峰期的健康蛋鸡,通过喂养定制饲料4周后,再开始收集鸡蛋;
所述的改进鸡饲料,由基础饲料和功能复合包组成,其中:功能复合包添加量为1000-2000g/t基础饲料;
所述的功能复合包的组分为:植酸酶、氯化胆碱、水飞蓟宾、大豆磷脂、脱氧胆酸钠、甘氨酸、吡咯喹啉醌二钠、麦芽糖糊精、乳清蛋白、海藻酸钠、氢氧化钠、维生素E、有机硒、叶酸和超细二氧化硅。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于改进鸡饲料的优化饲养方法,其特征是,所述的功能复合包的组成分含量为:以气相超细二氧化硅为载体,每公斤复合包中含有植酸酶4×105-8×105FTU、氯化胆碱200-300g、水飞蓟宾60-80g、大豆磷脂30-60克、脱氧胆酸钠50-150克、甘氨酸60-90克、吡咯喹啉醌二钠7-14g、麦芽糖糊精45-100克、乳清蛋白9-10克、海藻酸钠3.6-4克、氢氧化钠0.5-0.8克、维生素E10-30g、有机硒硒含量0.3-0.5g、叶酸0.8-1.4g,超细二氧化硅150-400g。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的基于改进鸡饲料的优化饲养方法,其特征是,所述的功能复合包采用不锈钢混合机制成预混稀释剂,制备方法为:
①将脱氧胆酸钠溶于纯净水后加入水飞蓟宾,然后与大豆磷脂混合,在55℃水浴溶解成澄清透明淡黄色溶液,再在40℃磁力搅拌上恒温搅拌1.5h,真空抽干机抽去水分,使水飞蓟宾大豆磷脂复合乳水分小于20%;
②将乳清蛋白和麦芽糖糊精溶于纯净水,搅拌制成分散液;将水飞蓟宾大豆磷脂复合乳与乳清蛋白和麦芽糖糊精分散液混合,超声混合15分钟后用海藻酸钠分散液稀释,调整pH到5.0,继续用超声波均质乳浊液15分钟;超声乳化时保持乳液温度在23℃以下,制成微纳米脂质乳后用真空抽干机抽去水分,使微纳米脂质乳的水分小于20%;
③将吡咯喹啉醌二钠溶于稀氢氧化钠溶液中,将超细二氧化硅加入不锈钢混合机中,然后将微纳米脂质乳、吡咯喹啉醌二钠溶液及其他添加物全部加入混合机,开启混合,边混合边用超细二氧化硅补足份额,混合8-10分钟即得分散均匀的功能复合包预混剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的基于改进鸡饲料的优化饲养方法,其特征是,所述的基础饲料为玉米-豆粕型,其具体含量组分为:玉米64%、豆粕24%、石粉7%和预混合饲料5%。
5.一种根据权利要求1-4中任一所述方法饲养得到的鸡蛋,其特征在于,其中胆碱含量大于220mg/枚、叶酸含量大于80μg/枚、维生素E含量大于0.7mg/枚、硒含量大于20μg/枚、水飞蓟宾含量大于1.8mg/枚、吡咯喹啉醌含量大于5μg/枚。
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