CN115594461B - Preparation and application of plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres - Google Patents
Preparation and application of plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres Download PDFInfo
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- CN115594461B CN115594461B CN202211234421.1A CN202211234421A CN115594461B CN 115594461 B CN115594461 B CN 115594461B CN 202211234421 A CN202211234421 A CN 202211234421A CN 115594461 B CN115594461 B CN 115594461B
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- 229920002752 Konjac Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- 235000010485 konjac Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
- LUEWUZLMQUOBSB-FSKGGBMCSA-N (2s,3s,4s,5s,6r)-2-[(2r,3s,4r,5r,6s)-6-[(2r,3s,4r,5s,6s)-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2r,4r,5s,6r)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@@H](OC3[C@H](O[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]3O)CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LUEWUZLMQUOBSB-FSKGGBMCSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 229920002581 Glucomannan Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 229940046240 glucomannan Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000247812 Amorphophallus rivieri Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000001206 Amorphophallus rivieri Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000252 konjac Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000209082 Lolium Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims 2
- XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[[4-(2,5-dioxopyrrol-1-yl)phenyl]methyl]phenyl]pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical group O=C1C=CC(=O)N1C(C=C1)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N2C(C=CC2=O)=O)C=C1 XQUPVDVFXZDTLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003192 poly(bis maleimide) Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009440 infrastructure construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/022—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/34—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing cold phosphate binders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00758—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for agri-, sylvi- or piscicultural or cattle-breeding applications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation and application of a plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres, which comprises the following steps: ball-milling and uniformly mixing konjak glucomannan carbon spheres and a cementing material by using a ball mill to prepare a uniform mixed material; placing the mixed materials, water and stones in a stirrer, fully stirring, preparing a concrete test block, and placing the concrete test block in a carbon dioxide curing box for curing to obtain the plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres; and filling the pores of the plant-growing concrete with natural soil, covering the upper surface of the plant-growing concrete with a layer of soil, and sowing grass seeds. The invention uses konjak glucomannan carbon sphere to load plant needed nutrient substances as plant concrete additive, which can provide plant growth with needed nutrient substances to improve plant concrete ecological performance. The raw material of the additive is the natural polymer material konjak glucomannan, which is green, environment-friendly and pollution-free, and the doping mode is simple, so that engineering application is easy to realize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to preparation and application of a plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres, and belongs to the technical field of chemical building materials.
Background
The plant-growing concrete takes porous concrete as a framework, plant seeds are mixed in a suitable material, the porous concrete is filled in pores, the surface of the porous concrete is covered, after a period of cultivation, plants germinate and grow, plant root systems extend and grow in the pores of the porous concrete, and the plants and the concrete are fused into a whole to form an environment-friendly slope protection material with certain strength and vegetation coverage rate, so that the plant-growing concrete can be widely applied to the scenes such as slope protection, river bank slope protection, parking lot ground, three-dimensional greening and the like.
However, the strongly alkaline environment inside concrete is detrimental to plant growth, and in order to meet infrastructure construction and plant growth requirements, additives are often used to tailor specific properties. The additive adopted in the prior art is generally a chemical additive, and has pollution to the environment; the konjak glucomannan is a natural polymer extracted from konjak tubers, has abundant reserves in the nature, and the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres prepared by the konjak glucomannan are good adsorbents and can effectively adsorb metal ions in wastewater and carbon dioxide in air. The report of using konjak glucomannan carbon spheres as an additive of plant-growing concrete is not available in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres, which uses konjak glucomannan carbon spheres to load nutrient substances required by plants as plant-growing concrete additives so as to improve the ecological performance of the plant-growing concrete.
It is an object of the present invention to address at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described below.
To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided a method for preparing a konjac glucomannan carbon sphere-based vegetation concrete, comprising:
ball-milling and uniformly mixing konjak glucomannan carbon spheres and a cementing material by using a ball mill to prepare a uniform mixed material; and (3) placing the mixed materials, water and stones in a stirrer, fully stirring, preparing a concrete test block, and placing the concrete test block in a carbon dioxide curing box for curing to obtain the plant-growing concrete based on the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres.
Preferably, the preparation method of the konjak glucomannan carbon sphere comprises the following steps: according to weight portions, 5 to 15 portions of konjak glucomannan are dissolved in 200 to 300 portions of water, after the konjak glucomannan is completely dissolved, 0.02 to 0.05 portion of NaOH solution is added, and the mixture is stirred uniformly, and then the mixture is heated in water with the temperature of 80 to 100 ℃ for 15 to 45 minutes, so that konjak glucomannan hydrogel is prepared; placing konjak glucomannan hydrogel into a reaction kettle, adding water to submerge the konjak glucomannan hydrogel, then placing the reaction kettle into a vacuum oven, setting the temperature to be 150-200 ℃ and carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 10-15 h; and then taking out the reacted product, washing the product with a water-alcohol-water program until the product is not decolorized, centrifuging, taking out the precipitated product, and drying to obtain the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres.
Preferably, 3 to 7 parts by weight of the obtained konjak glucomannan carbon spheres are added into 80 to 120 parts by weight of nutrient solution, and the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres loaded with nutrient ions are prepared by shaking for 24 hours at room temperature; the preparation method of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps: adding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium nitrate into water, and dissolving to obtain a nutrient solution; the concentration of the monoammonium phosphate and the potassium nitrate in the nutrient solution is 0.05-0.15 mol/L.
Preferably, in the konjak glucomannan carbon sphere preparation method, the concentration of NaOH solution is 0.5-1.5 mol/L; the speed of centrifugation is 4000-6000 r/mm; the temperature of the drying is 70-90 ℃.
Preferably, the preparation method of the konjak glucomannan carbon sphere comprises the following steps: according to weight portions, 5 to 15 portions of konjak glucomannan are dissolved in 200 to 300 portions of nutrient solution, after the konjak glucomannan is completely dissolved, 0.02 to 0.05 portion of NaOH solution is added, and the mixture is stirred uniformly, and then the mixture is heated in water with the temperature of 80 to 100 ℃ for 15 to 45 minutes to prepare konjak glucomannan hydrogel; placing konjak glucomannan hydrogel into a reaction kettle, adding water to submerge the konjak glucomannan hydrogel, then placing the reaction kettle into a vacuum oven, setting the temperature to be 150-200 ℃ and carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 10-15 h; and then taking out the reacted product, washing the product with a water-alcohol-water program until the product is not decolorized, centrifuging, taking out the precipitated product, and drying to obtain the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres.
Preferably, in the konjak glucomannan carbon sphere preparation method, the concentration of NaOH solution is 0.5-1.5 mol/L; the speed of centrifugation is 4000-6000 r/mm; the temperature of the drying is 70-90 ℃; the preparation method of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps: adding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium nitrate into water, and dissolving to obtain a nutrient solution; the concentration of the monoammonium phosphate and the potassium nitrate in the nutrient solution is 0.05-0.15 mol/L.
Preferably, the konjak glucomannan carbon sphere preparation method is characterized in that the purity of konjak glucomannan adopted in the konjak glucomannan carbon sphere preparation method is 60-99.9wt%.
Preferably, the consumption of the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres is 0.05 to 0.4 weight percent of the mass of the cementing material; the mass ratio of the cementing material to the water to the stone is 3-7:20-30:1-3; the cementing material adopts cement and fly ash with the mass ratio of 3-5:1; the carbon dioxide curing box is put into the carbon dioxide curing box for curing for 25-30 days; the curing temperature is 15-20 ℃ and the humidity is 60-80%; the stone has a diameter of 16mm-25mm.
Preferably, the cement is any one of silicate cement, aluminate cement, sulphoaluminate cement, aluminoferrite cement, fluoroaluminate cement and phosphate cement.
The invention also provides application of the plant-growing concrete based on the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres, which is prepared by the preparation method, in plant planting, wherein the pores of the plant-growing concrete are filled with natural soil, the upper surface of the plant-growing concrete is covered with a layer of soil with the thickness of 4-7 cm, and then grass seeds are sown; watering for 1-2 times every day, simultaneously growing plants in a greenhouse, wherein the illumination time is 12-18 h at 25 ℃, the dark environment is kept dark for 7-10 h at 20 ℃, the humidity is 65-75%, and the CO is used for the plant growth 2 The concentration is 400-450 ppm; the grass seed is ryegrass seed.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention uses konjak glucomannan carbon sphere to load plant needed nutrient substances as plant concrete additive, which can provide plant growth with needed nutrient substances to improve plant concrete ecological performance.
(2) The raw material of the additive is the natural polymer material konjak glucomannan, which is green, environment-friendly and pollution-free, and the doping mode is simple, so that engineering application is easy to realize.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a statistical result of germination percentage in plant growth test of the vegetation concrete of examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1;
FIG. 2 is a statistical analysis of plant heights of plants in plant growth experiments of the vegetation concretes of examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1;
FIG. 3 is a statistical analysis of plant heights of plants in plant growth experiments of the vegetation concretes of example 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3;
FIG. 4 is an SEM image (100 kX) of konjac glucomannan carbon spheres used in examples 1 to 4.
FIG. 5 is an SEM image (50 kX) of konjac glucomannan carbon spheres used in examples 1 to 4.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention by referring to the description.
It will be understood that terms, such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
The preparation method of the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres in examples 1 to 4 comprises the following steps: dissolving 10g of konjak glucomannan in 250g of nutrient solution, adding 0.04g of 1mol/L NaOH solution after the konjak glucomannan is completely dissolved, uniformly stirring, and heating in water at 90 ℃ for 30min to prepare konjak glucomannan hydrogel; placing konjak glucomannan hydrogel in a reaction kettle, adding water to submerge the konjak glucomannan hydrogel, then placing the reaction kettle in a vacuum oven, setting the temperature to be 180 ℃, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 12 hours; then taking out the reacted product, washing the product with water-alcohol-water program until the product is not decolorized, centrifuging at 5000r/min, taking out the precipitate, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain konjak glucomannan carbon spheres; the preparation method of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps: adding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium nitrate into water, and dissolving to obtain a nutrient solution; the concentration of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium nitrate in the nutrient solution is 0.1mol/L.
Example 1:
a preparation method of plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres comprises the following steps:
ball-milling and uniformly mixing konjak glucomannan carbon spheres and 1600g of cementing material by using a ball mill to prepare a uniform mixed material; placing the mixed material, 640g of water and 8000g of stone into a stirrer to be fully stirred, then preparing a concrete test block, and placing the concrete test block into a carbon dioxide curing box to be cured for 28 days to prepare the plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres; the consumption of the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres is 0.02wt% of the mass of the cementing material; the cementing material adopts cement and fly ash with the mass ratio of 4:1; the diameter of the stone is 16mm-25mm; the cement is bismaleite P42.5R; the curing temperature is 18 ℃ and the humidity is 70%;
example 2:
a preparation method of plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres comprises the following steps:
ball-milling and uniformly mixing konjak glucomannan carbon spheres and 1600g of cementing material by using a ball mill to prepare a uniform mixed material; placing the mixed material, 640g of water and 8000g of stone into a stirrer to be fully stirred, then preparing a concrete test block, and placing the concrete test block into a carbon dioxide curing box to be cured for 28 days to prepare the plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres; the consumption of the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres is 0.05wt% of the mass of the cementing material; the cementing material adopts cement and fly ash with the mass ratio of 4:1; the diameter of the stone is 16mm-25mm; the cement is bismaleite P42.5R; the curing temperature is 18 ℃ and the humidity is 70%;
example 3:
a preparation method of plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres comprises the following steps:
ball-milling and uniformly mixing konjak glucomannan carbon spheres and 1600g of cementing material by using a ball mill to prepare a uniform mixed material; placing the mixed material, 640g of water and 8000g of stone into a stirrer to be fully stirred, then preparing a concrete test block, and placing the concrete test block into a carbon dioxide curing box to be cured for 28 days to prepare the plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres; the consumption of the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres is 0.1 weight percent of the mass of the cementing material; the cementing material adopts cement and fly ash with the mass ratio of 4:1; the diameter of the stone is 16mm-25mm; the cement is bismaleite P42.5R; the curing temperature is 18 ℃ and the humidity is 70%;
example 4:
a preparation method of plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres comprises the following steps:
ball-milling and uniformly mixing konjak glucomannan carbon spheres and 1600g of cementing material by using a ball mill to prepare a uniform mixed material; placing the mixed material, 640g of water and 8000g of stone into a stirrer to be fully stirred, then preparing a concrete test block, and placing the concrete test block into a carbon dioxide curing box to be cured for 28 days to prepare the plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres; the consumption of the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres is 0.2 weight percent of the mass of the cementing material; the cementing material adopts cement and fly ash with the mass ratio of 4:1; the diameter of the stone is 16mm-25mm; the cement is bismaleite P42.5R; the curing temperature is 18 ℃ and the humidity is 70%;
comparative example 1:
a preparation method of plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres comprises the following steps:
using a ball mill to mix 1600g of cementing material uniformly to prepare a uniform mixed material; placing the mixed material, 640g of water and 8000g of stone into a stirrer, fully stirring, preparing a concrete test block, and placing into a carbon dioxide curing box for curing for 28 days to obtain vegetation concrete; the cementing material adopts cement and fly ash with the mass ratio of 4:1; the diameter of the stone is 16mm-25mm; the cement is bismaleite P42.5R; the curing temperature is 18 ℃ and the humidity is 70%;
mechanical properties of the vegetation concretes prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 were tested, and the results are shown in Table 1;
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the admixture used in the present invention hardly causes the loss of concrete strength, and can meet the basic requirements of construction.
Comparative example 2:
a preparation method of plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres comprises the following steps:
ball-milling and uniformly mixing konjak glucomannan carbon spheres and 1600g of cementing material by using a ball mill to prepare a uniform mixed material; placing the mixed material, 640g of water and 8000g of stone into a stirrer to be fully stirred, then preparing a concrete test block, and placing the concrete test block into a carbon dioxide curing box to be cured for 28 days to prepare the plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres; the consumption of the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres is 0.1 weight percent of the mass of the cementing material; the cementing material adopts cement and fly ash with the mass ratio of 4:1; the diameter of the stone is 16mm-25mm; the cement is bismaleite P42.5R; the curing temperature is 18 ℃ and the humidity is 70%;
the preparation method of the konjak glucomannan carbon sphere comprises the following steps: dissolving 10g of konjak glucomannan in 250g of water, adding 0.04g of 1mol/L NaOH solution after the konjak glucomannan is completely dissolved, uniformly stirring, and heating in water at 90 ℃ for 30min to prepare konjak glucomannan hydrogel; placing konjak glucomannan hydrogel in a reaction kettle, adding water to submerge the konjak glucomannan hydrogel, then placing the reaction kettle in a vacuum oven, setting the temperature to be 180 ℃, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 12 hours; then taking out the reacted product, washing the product with water-alcohol-water program until the product is not decolorized, centrifuging at 5000r/min, taking out the precipitate, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain konjak glucomannan carbon spheres;
comparative example 3:
a preparation method of plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres comprises the following steps:
ball-milling and uniformly mixing konjak glucomannan carbon spheres and 1600g of cementing material by using a ball mill to prepare a uniform mixed material; placing the mixed material, 640g of water and 8000g of stone into a stirrer to be fully stirred, then preparing a concrete test block, and placing the concrete test block into a carbon dioxide curing box to be cured for 28 days to prepare the plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres; the consumption of the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres is 0.1 weight percent of the mass of the cementing material; the cementing material adopts cement and fly ash with the mass ratio of 4:1; the diameter of the stone is 16mm-25mm; the cement is bismaleite P42.5R; the curing temperature is 18 ℃ and the humidity is 70%;
the preparation method of the konjak glucomannan carbon sphere comprises the following steps: dissolving 10g of konjak glucomannan in 250g of nutrient solution, placing the solution into a reaction kettle after the konjak glucomannan is completely dissolved, placing the reaction kettle into a vacuum oven, setting the temperature to be 180 ℃, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 12 hours; then taking out the reacted product, washing the product with water-alcohol-water program until the product is not decolorized, centrifuging at 5000r/min, taking out the precipitate, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain konjak glucomannan carbon spheres; the preparation method of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps: adding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium nitrate into water, and dissolving to obtain a nutrient solution; the concentration of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium nitrate in the nutrient solution is 0.1mol/L.
The plant growth tests of the plant-growing concretes of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were carried out in a greenhouse with a light time of 16 hours at 25℃and a dark environment of 8 hours at 20℃with a humidity of 70%, CO 2 The concentration was 410ppm; the pores of the plant-growing concrete are filled with natural soil, the upper surface of the plant-growing concrete is covered with a layer of soil with the thickness of 5 cm, and grass seeds (ryegrass) are sown; watering for 1-2 times every day, and recording the plant height and germination rate of each group of plants periodically; fig. 1 is a statistical result of germination rate in plant growth test of the plant-grown concretes of examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1, and it can be seen from the figure that the germination rate is significantly improved with the increase of the content of konjak glucomannan carbon spheres; FIG. 2 shows the planting of the plant-grown concretes of examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1The plant height of the plants in the plant growth test is counted, and the plant height is obviously improved along with the increase of the content of the konjac glucomannan carbon spheres; fig. 3 is a graph showing statistics of plant heights of plants in plant growth experiments of the plant-growing concretes of example 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3, wherein the plant heights of the plant-growing concretes prepared by the method of example 3 are significantly higher than those of other examples, illustrating that the method of example 3 achieves beneficial technical effects; FIG. 4 is an SEM image (100 kX) of konjac glucomannan carbon spheres used in examples 1 to 4. FIG. 5 is an SEM image (50 kX) of konjac glucomannan carbon spheres used in examples 1 to 4.
The preparation method of the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres in examples 5 to 8 comprises the following steps: dissolving 10g of konjak glucomannan in 250g of water, adding 0.04g of 1mol/L NaOH solution after the konjak glucomannan is completely dissolved, uniformly stirring, and heating in water at 90 ℃ for 30min to prepare konjak glucomannan hydrogel; placing konjak glucomannan hydrogel in a reaction kettle, adding water to submerge the konjak glucomannan hydrogel, then placing the reaction kettle in a vacuum oven, setting the temperature to be 180 ℃, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 12 hours; then taking out the reacted product, washing the product with water-alcohol-water program until the product is not decolorized, centrifuging at 5000r/min, taking out the precipitate, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain konjak glucomannan carbon spheres; adding 5g of the obtained konjak glucomannan carbon spheres into 100g of a nutrient solution, and vibrating for 24 hours at room temperature to obtain konjak glucomannan carbon spheres loaded with nutrient ions; the preparation method of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps: adding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium nitrate into water, and dissolving to obtain a nutrient solution; the concentrations of the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and the potassium nitrate in the nutrient solution are 0.1mol/L;
example 5:
a preparation method of plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres comprises the following steps:
the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres loaded with the nutrition ions and 1600g of cementing material are subjected to ball milling and uniform mixing by utilizing a ball mill, so as to prepare a uniform mixed material; placing the mixed material, 640g of water and 8000g of stone into a stirrer to be fully stirred, then preparing a concrete test block, and placing the concrete test block into a carbon dioxide curing box to be cured for 28 days to prepare the plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres; the consumption of the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres is 0.02wt% of the mass of the cementing material; the cementing material adopts cement and fly ash with the mass ratio of 4:1; the diameter of the stone is 16mm-25mm; the cement is bismaleite P42.5R; the curing temperature is 18 ℃ and the humidity is 70%;
example 6:
a preparation method of plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres comprises the following steps:
the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres loaded with the nutrition ions and 1600g of cementing material are subjected to ball milling and uniform mixing by utilizing a ball mill, so as to prepare a uniform mixed material; placing the mixed material, 640g of water and 8000g of stone into a stirrer to be fully stirred, then preparing a concrete test block, and placing the concrete test block into a carbon dioxide curing box to be cured for 28 days to prepare the plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres; the consumption of the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres is 0.05wt% of the mass of the cementing material; the cementing material adopts cement and fly ash with the mass ratio of 4:1; the diameter of the stone is 16mm-25mm; the cement is bismaleite P42.5R; the curing temperature is 18 ℃ and the humidity is 70%;
example 7:
a preparation method of plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres comprises the following steps:
the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres loaded with the nutrition ions and 1600g of cementing material are subjected to ball milling and uniform mixing by utilizing a ball mill, so as to prepare a uniform mixed material; placing the mixed material, 640g of water and 8000g of stone into a stirrer to be fully stirred, then preparing a concrete test block, and placing the concrete test block into a carbon dioxide curing box to be cured for 28 days to prepare the plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres; the consumption of the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres is 0.1 weight percent of the mass of the cementing material; the cementing material adopts cement and fly ash with the mass ratio of 4:1; the diameter of the stone is 16mm-25mm; the cement is bismaleite P42.5R; the curing temperature is 18 ℃ and the humidity is 70%;
example 8:
a preparation method of plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres comprises the following steps:
the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres loaded with the nutrition ions and 1600g of cementing material are subjected to ball milling and uniform mixing by utilizing a ball mill, so as to prepare a uniform mixed material; placing the mixed material, 640g of water and 8000g of stone into a stirrer to be fully stirred, then preparing a concrete test block, and placing the concrete test block into a carbon dioxide curing box to be cured for 28 days to prepare the plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres; the consumption of the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres is 0.2 weight percent of the mass of the cementing material; the cementing material adopts cement and fly ash with the mass ratio of 4:1; the diameter of the stone is 16mm-25mm; the cement is bismaleite P42.5R; the curing temperature is 18 ℃ and the humidity is 70%;
although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the details and embodiments shown and described, it is well suited to various fields of use for which the invention would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and accordingly, the invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein, without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (1)
1. The application of the plant-growing concrete based on the konjac glucomannan carbon spheres in plant planting is characterized in that the pores of the plant-growing concrete are filled with natural soil, the upper surface of the plant-growing concrete is covered with a layer of soil with the thickness of 4-7 cm, and then grass seeds are sown; watering for 1-2 times per day, simultaneously carrying out plant growth in a greenhouse, wherein the illumination time is 12-18 h at 25 ℃, the dark environment is kept dark for 7-10 h at 20 ℃, the humidity is 65-75%, and the CO 2 The concentration is 400-450 ppm; the grass seeds are ryegrass seeds;
the preparation method of the konjak glucomannan carbon sphere-based plant-growing concrete comprises the following steps:
the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres loaded with the nutrition ions and 1600g of cementing material are subjected to ball milling and uniform mixing by utilizing a ball mill, so as to prepare a uniform mixed material; placing the mixed material, 640g of water and 8000g of stone into a stirrer to be fully stirred, then preparing a concrete test block, and placing the concrete test block into a carbon dioxide curing box to be cured for 28 days to prepare the plant-growing concrete based on konjak glucomannan carbon spheres; the consumption of the konjak glucomannan carbon spheres is 0.1 weight percent of the mass of the cementing material; the cementing material adopts cement and fly ash with the mass ratio of 4:1; the diameter of the stone is 16mm-25mm; the cement is Portland cement, and the Portland cement is bismaleimide cement 42.5R; the curing temperature is 18 ℃ and the humidity is 70%;
the preparation method of the konjak glucomannan carbon sphere comprises the following steps: dissolving 10g of konjak glucomannan in 250g of water, adding 0.04g of 1mol/L NaOH solution after the konjak glucomannan is completely dissolved, uniformly stirring, and heating in water at 90 ℃ for 30min to prepare konjak glucomannan hydrogel; placing konjak glucomannan hydrogel in a reaction kettle, adding water to submerge the konjak glucomannan hydrogel, then placing the reaction kettle in a vacuum oven, setting the temperature to be 180 ℃, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 12 hours; then taking out the reacted product, washing the product with water-alcohol-water program until the product is not decolorized, centrifuging at 5000r/min, taking out the precipitate, and drying at 80 ℃ to obtain konjak glucomannan carbon spheres; adding 5g of the obtained konjak glucomannan carbon spheres into 100g of a nutrient solution, and vibrating for 24 hours at room temperature to obtain konjak glucomannan carbon spheres loaded with nutrient ions; the preparation method of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps: adding ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium nitrate into water, and dissolving to obtain a nutrient solution; the concentrations of the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and the potassium nitrate in the nutrient solution are 0.1mol/L;
the purity of the konjak glucomannan adopted in the konjak glucomannan carbon sphere preparation method is 60-99.9wt%.
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