CN115570294A - Welding wire for welding 7XXX aluminum alloy and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Welding wire for welding 7XXX aluminum alloy and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115570294A CN115570294A CN202211331764.XA CN202211331764A CN115570294A CN 115570294 A CN115570294 A CN 115570294A CN 202211331764 A CN202211331764 A CN 202211331764A CN 115570294 A CN115570294 A CN 115570294A
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 149
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001008 7075 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018182 Al—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018571 Al—Zn—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
- B23K35/288—Al as the principal constituent with Sn or Zn
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
- B23K35/0227—Rods, wires
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy welding wires, in particular to a welding wire for welding 7XXX aluminum alloy and a preparation process thereof 2 Strengthening phase, improving the strength of welding seam; and a certain amount of nano boron carbide is added into the core material, so that the strength of the welding seam is improved, and the overall performance of the welding product is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy welding wires, in particular to a welding wire for welding 7XXX aluminum alloy and a preparation process thereof.
Background
With the development of light weight of manufacturing industry, aluminum alloy is increasingly used in the fields of aerospace, rail transit and the like due to the weight reduction advantage of the aluminum alloy compared with steel material, the 7XXX aluminum alloy is a high-strength aluminum alloy formed by adding Cu on the basis of Al-Zn-Mg, although the 7XXX aluminum alloy has high specific strength, the welding performance of the 7XXX aluminum alloy is poor, and the 7XXX aluminum alloy has low melting points of Zn and Mg elements and is easy to volatilize, so that a strengthening phase (MgZn) in a welding line is caused 2 Phase) is reduced, so that the strength of the welding line is reduced, and meanwhile, the content of Zn and Mg in a matrix around the welding line cannot meet the requirement; although friction stir welding enables welding of 7XXX aluminum alloy and obtains a welded joint with the strength matching degree of 80%, friction stir welding has the defects of high requirements on the shape, clamping conditions, welding positions and the like of a welded part, and is not suitable for complex weld joint connection; meanwhile, the existing welding wires such as Al-Si welding wires and Al-Cu welding wires cannot meet the requirement of good welding of 7XXX aluminum alloy.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention mainly aims to provide a welding wire for welding a 7XXX aluminum alloy and a preparation process thereof.
To solve the above technical problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a welding wire for welding of 7XXX aluminum alloy comprises a coating layer and a core material, wherein the core material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 9.2 to 13.4 percent of Mg, 15.8 to 20.7 percent of Zn, 0.1 to 0.4 percent of nano boron carbide, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
As a preferable aspect of the welding wire for welding of 7XXX aluminum alloy of the present invention, wherein: the coating layer is made of pure aluminum or 7XXX aluminum alloy.
As a preferred embodiment of the welding wire for welding of 7XXX aluminum alloy, the invention provides: the thickness of the coating layer is 0.2-0.6mm, and preferably, the thickness of the coating layer is 0.3-0.5mm.
As a preferred embodiment of the welding wire for welding of 7XXX aluminum alloy, the invention provides: the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2-4.0mm, and preferably the diameter of the welding wire is 1.5-3.0mm.
As a preferred embodiment of the welding wire for welding of 7XXX aluminum alloy, the invention provides: the particle size of the nano boron carbide is 20-80nm, and preferably, the particle size of the nano boron carbide is 20-50nm.
As a preferred embodiment of the welding wire for welding of 7XXX aluminum alloy, the invention provides: the core material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10.3 to 13.1 percent of Mg, 16.5 to 20.1 percent of Zn, 0.15 to 0.36 percent of nano boron carbide, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
As a preferred embodiment of the welding wire for welding of 7XXX aluminum alloy, the invention provides: the core material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10.9 to 12.7 percent of Mg, 17.3 to 19.6 percent of Zn, 0.18 to 0.32 percent of nano boron carbide, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
In order to solve the above technical problem, according to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a preparation process of a welding wire for welding of 7XXX aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing core material powder according to the components of the core material;
s2, putting the core material powder into the prepared coating layer raw material;
and S3, extruding and drawing to obtain the welding wire.
The welding wire for welding the 7XXX aluminum alloy or the welding wire for welding the 7XXX aluminum alloy is applied to welding the 7XXX aluminum alloy.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a welding wire for welding a 7XXX aluminum alloy and a preparation process thereof, which are used for protecting a welding wire core material by adjusting the composition of the welding wire and adopting a coating layer from the reason of poor welding effect of the 7XXX aluminum alloy, and simultaneously adjusting and controlling the Zn content and the Mg content of the welding wire core material, so that the loss of Zn and Mg elements of the welding core material is reduced, the loss of Zn and Mg elements in a welding seam and peripheral base materials thereof caused by welding is better supplemented, the effective control of the Zn and Mg element contents in the welding seam and the peripheral base materials thereof can be realized, and the MgZn in the welding seam is improved 2 Strengthening phase, improving the strength of welding seam; and a certain amount of nano boron carbide is added into the core material, so that the strength of the welding line is improved, and the overall performance of the welding product is improved.
Detailed Description
The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments, and obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
The invention provides a welding wire for welding a 7XXX aluminum alloy and a preparation process thereof, and aims to reduce the loss of Zn and Mg elements of a welding core material by adjusting the composition of the welding wire and protecting a welding wire core material by adopting a coating layer and designing that the Zn content of the welding wire core material is about 3-4 times of that of the 7XXX aluminum alloy and the Mg content of the welding wire core material is about 4-6 times of that of the 7XXX aluminum alloy, so as to better supplement the loss of the Zn and Mg elements in a welding seam and peripheral base materials thereof caused by welding, realize the effective control of the Zn and Mg elements in the welding seam and the peripheral base materials thereof, and improve the MgZn and Mg elements in the welding seam 2 Strengthening phase, improving the strength of welding seam; and is arranged atA certain amount of nano boron carbide is added into the core material, so that the strength of the welding line is improved, and the overall performance of the welding product is improved.
According to one aspect of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the welding wire for welding the 7XXX aluminum alloy comprises a coating layer and a core material, wherein the core material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 9.2 to 13.4 percent of Mg, 15.8 to 20.7 percent of Zn, 0.1 to 0.4 percent of nano boron carbide, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
According to the invention, the welding wire composition is adjusted, the coating layer is adopted to protect the welding wire core material, and the existence of the coating layer can reduce the volatilization loss of Zn and Mg elements of the welding core material caused by welding; the core material of the welding wire is simple in composition, alloy elements such as Cu, cr and Ti are not required to be contained, the Zn content of the core material of the welding wire is designed to be about 3-4 times of that of the 7XXX aluminum alloy, and the Mg content of the core material of the welding wire is designed to be about 4-6 times of that of the 7XXX aluminum alloy, so that the high-content Zn and Mg elements in the core material can better supplement the loss of the Zn and Mg elements in the welding seam and the surrounding base materials thereof caused by welding, the effective control of the Zn and Mg elements in the welding seam and the surrounding base materials thereof can be realized, and the MgZn in the welding seam is improved 2 Strengthening phase, improving the strength of welding seam; meanwhile, a certain amount of nano boron carbide with the particle size of 20-80nm is added into the core material, the heat conductivity and high hardness of the nano boron carbide are fully utilized, nucleation particles are formed in a welding line region, the grain refinement of the welding line region is facilitated, meanwhile, the nano boron carbide can also reduce the possibility that aluminum reacts with oxygen to generate an oxide film with a higher melting point, the core material is convenient to prepare by smelting, and the cost of the welding wire can be reduced.
The coating layer is made of pure aluminum or 7XXX aluminum alloy, preferably, the coating layer is made of 7XXX aluminum alloy, and more preferably, the coating layer is made of the same material as the aluminum alloy to be welded. The thickness of the coating layer is 0.2-0.6mm, and preferably, the thickness of the coating layer is 0.3-0.5mm. Specifically, the thickness of the coating layer is, for example, but not limited to, any one of 0.2mm, 0.3mm, 0.35mm, 0.4mm, 0.45mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm or a range between any two of them.
The diameter of the welding wire is 1.2-4.0mm, and preferably the diameter of the welding wire is 1.5-3.0mm. Specifically, the diameter of the welding wire is, for example, but not limited to, any one of 1.2mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm, 3.5mm, 4.0mm or a range between any two of them.
The particle size of the nano boron carbide is 20-80nm, and preferably, the particle size of the nano boron carbide is 20-50nm. Specifically, the particle size of the nano boron carbide is, for example, but not limited to, any one of 20nm, 30nm, 40nm, 50nm, 60nm, 70nm and 80nm or a range between any two of the above.
Preferably, the core material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10.3 to 13.1 percent of Mg, 16.5 to 20.1 percent of Zns, 0.15 to 0.36 percent of nano boron carbide, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. Further preferably, the core material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10.9 to 12.7 percent of Mg, 17.3 to 19.6 percent of Zn, 0.18 to 0.32 percent of nano boron carbide, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
According to another aspect of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a preparation process of a welding wire for welding of 7XXX aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing core material powder according to the components of the core material;
s2, putting the core material powder into the prepared coating layer raw material;
and S3, extruding and drawing to obtain the welding wire.
The preparation process of the welding wire has no special requirements, and the preparation process commonly used in the field can be adopted as long as the welding wire with the composition disclosed by the invention can be prepared.
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
The welding wires according to the examples and comparative examples of the present invention, whose compositions are shown in table 1, were prepared by the above-described processes.
TABLE 1 composition of welding wire for inventive and comparative examples
The welding of 7075 aluminum alloy plates was performed using the welding wire of each example of the invention and the comparative example (the composition of 7075 aluminum alloy plates is Si:0.40, fe.
TABLE 2 weld properties and weld contact base material composition
According to the embodiments and the comparative examples of the invention, the welding wire core is protected by adjusting the composition of the welding wire and adopting the coating layer, and the existence of the coating layer can reduce the volatilization loss of Zn and Mg elements of the welding core caused by welding; the core material of the welding wire has simple composition, does not need to contain alloy elements such as Cu, cr, ti and the like, and the Zn content of the core material of the welding wire is designed to be about 3-4 times of that of the 7XXX aluminum alloy and about 4-6 times of that of the 7XXX aluminum alloy, so that the high content of Zn and Mg in the core material can better supplement the loss of Zn and Mg elements in the welding seam and the surrounding base materials thereof caused by welding, the effective control of the Zn and Mg element contents in the welding seam and the surrounding base materials thereof can be realized, and the MgZn in the welding seam is improved 2 Strengthening phase, improving the strength of welding seam; meanwhile, a certain amount of nano boron carbide with the grain diameter of 20-80nm is added into the core material, the heat conductivity and high hardness of the nano boron carbide are fully utilized, nucleation particles are formed in a welding line region, the grain refinement of the welding line region is facilitated, and meanwhile, the nano boron carbide can also reduce the phenomenon that aluminum reacts with oxygen to generate an oxide film with a higher melting pointPossibly, the tensile strength of the welding seam of the embodiment of the invention is more than or equal to 350MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 8.0 percent, the strength of the welding seam is improved, and the overall performance of the welded product is improved as can be seen by combining the tables 1-2; at the same time, the composition of the base material does not undergo a large loss change by welding. However, if the welding wire does not adopt a coating layer (as in comparative example 1), the base material components can not meet the requirements due to volatilization of Zn and Mg elements caused by welding, and the strengthening phase in the welding seam can be reduced, so that the mechanical property is changed; if the content of Zn or Mg element in the core material of the welding wire is too low (such as comparative examples 2-5), the Zn and Mg elements are volatilized due to welding, and the welding wire cannot effectively supplement the corresponding elements, so that the composition of the base material is changed, the strengthening phase is reduced, and the mechanical property of the welding seam is changed; if the wire core does not contain nano boron carbide (as in comparative example 6), the tensile strength of the weld is reduced by 22.8% compared with example 1 and the elongation is reduced by 37.3% compared with example 1, although the base material composition is not greatly changed by loss due to welding; in the case where the wire core contained nano boron carbide but the content or the grain size was not within the range of the present invention (as in comparative examples 7 to 8), similarly to comparative example 6, the tensile strength and elongation of the weld were greatly reduced as compared with example 1, although the base material composition was not largely lost by welding.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the present specification and directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields within the spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The welding wire for welding the 7XXX aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising a coating layer and a core material, wherein the core material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 9.2 to 13.4 percent of Mg, 15.8 to 20.7 percent of Zn, 0.1 to 0.4 percent of nano boron carbide, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
2. The welding wire claimed in claim 1, wherein the coating layer is made of pure aluminum or 7XXX aluminum alloy.
3. The welding wire claimed in claim 1 wherein the coating layer has a thickness of 0.2 to 0.6mm.
4. The welding wire claimed in claim 1, wherein the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2 to 4.0mm.
5. The welding wire claimed in claim 1, wherein the nano boron carbide has a grain size of 20 to 80nm.
6. The welding wire claimed in claim 5 wherein the nano boron carbide has a grain size of 20 to 50nm.
7. The welding wire as defined in claim 1, wherein the core material comprises, in weight percent: 10.3 to 13.1 percent of Mg, 16.5 to 20.1 percent of Zn, 0.15 to 0.36 percent of nano boron carbide, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
8. The welding wire as defined in claim 1, wherein the core material comprises, in weight percent: 10.9 to 12.7 percent of Mg, 17.3 to 19.6 percent of Zn, 0.18 to 0.32 percent of nano boron carbide, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
9. A preparation process of a welding wire for welding of 7XXX aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing core material powder according to the components of the core material of claim 1;
s2, putting the powder of the core material into the prepared coating raw material;
and S3, extruding and drawing to obtain the welding wire.
10. Use of the welding wire of any one of claims 1 to 8 or the welding wire prepared by the preparation process of claim 9 in welding of 7XXX aluminum alloys.
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