CN106624441A - High-strength aluminum-base brazing filler metal and preparing method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength aluminum-base brazing filler metal and preparing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106624441A CN106624441A CN201611246056.0A CN201611246056A CN106624441A CN 106624441 A CN106624441 A CN 106624441A CN 201611246056 A CN201611246056 A CN 201611246056A CN 106624441 A CN106624441 A CN 106624441A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- brazing filler
- filler metal
- strength aluminum
- based brazing
- tio
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
- B23K35/288—Al as the principal constituent with Sn or Zn
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
Abstract
The invention relates to high-strength aluminum-base brazing filler metal and a preparing method thereof. The brazing filler metal comprises, by weight, 4-4.5% of Si, 0.1-0.5% of Cu, 0.03-0.08% of Mg, 0.05-0.1% of Zn, 0.1-0.2% of In, 0.3-0.5% of nano TiO2, 0.01-0.02% of carbon nano tubes, and the balance Al and unavoidable impurities. The nano TiO2 and the carbon nano tubes are added to serve as strengthening materials, nano TiO2 particles have the advantages of being high in hardness and melting point, small in thermal expansion coefficient and high in stability, and the carbon nano tubes have the advantages of being small in thermal expansion coefficient, excellent in electric conductivity, and very high in strength and hardness. The two materials are suitable for being used as the reinforcing materials. By optimizing the material matching, the brazing filler metal is high in welding performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal and preparation method thereof, belongs to aluminium alloy solder field.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy is widely used in Aeronautics and Astronautics, petrochemical industry, automobile, machine due to having the advantages that density is little, specific strength is high
The fields such as tool, many traditional copper alloy waveguide, high-frequency element, condenser, heat exchangers etc. are replaced by aluminium alloy.Soldering
One of important method as aluminium alloy connection, has the advantages that the little, dimensional accuracy of brazing member deformation is high, in actual production
To being increasingly widely applied, it is particularly suitable for manufacturing complicated aluminium alloy element.Al-Si brazing filler metals are with A1-Si eutectic compositions
Based on, the eutectic alloy has good wetability, mobility, the corrosion resistance of soldered fitting and machinability, and soldering
Strength of joint is high, is a kind of almit most widely used in aluminium alloy brazing.But higher (the Al-Si eutectics of Al-Si brazing filler metal fusing points
The eutectic temperature of alloy is 577 DEG C), brazing temperature is more more than 600 DEG C during soldering, close to the solidus temperature of aluminium alloy,
Easily make mother metal that the phenomenons such as burning, corrosion occur.In some special application scenarios, the such as pricker of the aluminum plate-fin heat exchanger of thin-walled
Weldering, the application of Al-Si brazing filler metals is subject to very big restriction.For high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal, low melting point and high intensity are one
To contradiction, aluminium base solder in the market is not all provided simultaneously with low melting point, the characteristic of high intensity.Aluminum-based brazing filler metal with low melting point one
As be that in a large number addition can strongly reduce the bases such as alloying element such as Si, Cu of fusing point and obtain by alloying means
's.And the constituent content such as Si, Cu it is very high when, solder tissue in can form substantial amounts of brittlement phase, such as needle-like Al-Si eutectic, or
Al-Si-Cu eutectics, or even the Si primary crystals of bulk, and big block Al2Cu compounds etc., make the performance of solder itself notable
Embrittlement, almost complete absence of toughness and plasticity (extensibility).Because the relation between the strength and toughness and plasticity of metal is mutual
Phase growth and decline, the metal material without high toughness and plasticity is impossible to high intensity.Along with Remelting Metals are generally deposited
" metallurgical heredity phenomenon ", inevitable not high with the intensity of the solder brazing mother metal of fragility gained joint, brittle failure tendency is very big, past
Toward in braze-welded structure part service condition lower contact catastrophic failure, whole aluminium alloy brazing structural member is caused to collapse suddenly, so as to make
Forming apparatus accident.
Authorization Notice No. CN 102000924B, denomination of invention:A kind of low melting point, high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal and its preparation side
Method, the solder by mass percentage it be made up of following components:Si:6~13%, Cu:6~13%, Ni:1~3%, Sr:
0.01~0.1%, Ti:0.01~0.2%, Y:0.01~0.2%, Al surpluses.Preparation method afterwards will first to weigh each component
Each component adds in certain sequence black-fead crucible smelting furnace, is refined twice after fusing, with argon gas and six in refining process
Chloroethanes is refining agent, and the carbon trichloride is passed through by argon gas by liquation bottom, the argon gas be passed through pressure for 5~
7KPa;The aluminium of continuous casting or gas atomization into different shape as needed under nitrogen protection of the liquation after second refining will be completed
Base solder.As stated above obtained aluminium base solder has low melting point, high intensity, high tenacity, good wetability and paving simultaneously
The good characteristics such as malleability.But the intensity of solder is not still very high, and complicated process of preparation, composition is higher.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal and preparation method thereof, it is not high to solve existing solder intensity, system
The problems such as standby complex process.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal, in percentage by weight, including Si4-4.5, Cu0.1-0.5, Mg0.03-
0.08, Zn0.05-0.1, In0.1-0.2, nano-TiO20.3-.0.5, CNT 0.01-0.02, balance of Al is on good terms to be kept away
Exempt from impurity.
Preferably:The content of described Cu is 0.2-0.3%.
Preferably:The content of described In is 0.15%.
Preferably:Described nano-TiO2Content be 0.3-.0.4%.
Preferably:Described nano-TiO2:The weight ratio of CNT is 20:1.
Present invention provides a kind of preparation method of high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal, comprises the following steps:
(1) various material powders are weighed, is well mixed with ball mill;
(2) mixed powder is loaded into grinding tool, 5-10min is kept under the pressure of 100-120MPa, it is compressing;
(3) by the product 500-600 degree after shaping, time 3-5h sintering had both obtained high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal.
Preferably:Described ball milling is:Ratio of grinding media to material 10-15:1, rotating speed 150-200r/min, time 40-60min.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Add Cu in the solder of the present invention, solder fusing point can be significantly reduced, but material can be made to become fragile and pricker more than Cu additions
Occur the corrosion to mother metal during weldering, hardly result in the soldered fitting of function admirable, therefore the addition of Cu is Cu0.1-0.5%,
It is preferred that 0.2-0.3%.Zn is engaged with Mg, can improve the intensity of welding point.The fusing point of In is low, adds In to reduce solder
Fusion temperature, viscosity reduce, mobility strengthen, improve solder wetability.But the price of In is somewhat expensive, add excessively,
High cost.And the present invention strengthens aggregate containing Graphene, excessive addition In can cause the decline of its intensity.Therefore In
Content be 0.1-0.2%.
Nano-TiO2With CNT be strengthening material, nano-TiO2Particle has high hardness, fusing point height, thermal coefficient of expansion
The features such as little, good stability;CNT has thermal coefficient of expansion little, and conductance is excellent, intensity, the characteristics of hardness is very high.
Both materials are relatively more suitable for being used as strengthening material.By optimizing their proportioning so as to which solder has good welding
Performance.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the specific embodiment of the invention, technical scheme is clearly and completely described, is shown
So, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than the embodiment of whole.Based on the reality in the present invention
Example is applied, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made all belongs to
In the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal, in percentage by weight, including Si4, Cu0.1, Mg0.03, Zn0.05,
In0.1, nano-TiO20.3, CNT 0.01, balance of Al is on good terms to avoid impurity.
Its preparation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) various material powders are weighed, is well mixed with ball mill, ratio of grinding media to material 13:1, rotating speed 150r/min, time
40min.;
(2) mixed powder is loaded into grinding tool, 8min is kept under the pressure of 110MPa, it is compressing;
(3) by 500 degree of product after shaping, time 5h sintering had both obtained high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal.
Embodiment 2
A kind of high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal, in percentage by weight, including Si4.5, Cu0.2, Mg0.06, Zn0.1,
In0.15, nano-TiO20.4, CNT 0.02, balance of Al is on good terms to avoid impurity.
Its preparation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) various material powders are weighed, is well mixed with ball mill, ratio of grinding media to material 10:1, rotating speed 200r/min, time
50min.;
(2) mixed powder is loaded into grinding tool, 5min is kept under the pressure of 120MPa, it is compressing;
(3) by 600 degree of product after shaping, time 3h sintering had both obtained high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal.
Embodiment 3
A kind of high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal, in percentage by weight, including Si4.3, Cu0.5, Mg0.08, Zn0.1,
In0.2, nano-TiO20.5, CNT 0.02, balance of Al is on good terms to avoid impurity.
Its preparation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) various material powders are weighed, is well mixed with ball mill, ratio of grinding media to material 15:1, rotating speed 180r/min, time
60min;
(2) mixed powder is loaded into grinding tool, 10min is kept under the pressure of 100MPa, it is compressing;
(3) by 550 degree of product after shaping, time 4h degree sintering had both obtained high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal.
Embodiment 4
A kind of high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal, in percentage by weight, including Si4.5, Cu0.3, Mg0.05, Zn0.08,
In0.1, nano-TiO20.3, CNT 0.015, balance of Al is on good terms to avoid impurity.With the preparation method one of embodiment 1
Sample.
Embodiment 5
A kind of high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal, in percentage by weight, including Si4, Cu0.25, Mg0.07, Zn0.1,
In0.15, nano-TiO20.35, CNT 0.018, balance of Al is on good terms to avoid impurity.With the preparation method of embodiment 1
Equally.
Comparative example 1
Substantially the same manner as Example 5, difference is:A kind of high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal, in percentage by weight, bag
Include Si4, Cu0.25, Mg0.07, Zn0.1, In0.15, nano-TiO20.368, balance of Al is on good terms to avoid impurity.
Comparative example 2
Substantially the same manner as Example 5, difference is:A kind of high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal, in percentage by weight, bag
Include Si4, Cu0.25, Mg0.07, Zn0.1, In0.15, CNT 0.368, balance of Al is on good terms to avoid impurity.
Comparative example 3
Substantially the same manner as Example 5, difference is:A kind of high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal, in percentage by weight, bag
Include Si4, Cu0.25, Mg0.07, Zn0.1, nano-TiO20.35, CNT 0.018, balance of Al is on good terms to avoid impurity.
The wetability of solder, immersion depth 2mm, impregnating speed 5mm/s, leaching are tested using SAT-5100 Weldability detectors
Stain time 10s.Spreadability is tested:Sprawling for solder is tested according to Japanese Industrial Standards JIS-Z3197, according to GB/T 11363-
2008 determine its shear strength, and concrete outcome see the table below.
The angle of wetting of each embodiment and comparative example is determined, shear strength specifically see the table below.
As seen from the above table, solder of the invention has higher shear strength and good wetability, changes In, nanometer
TiO2Or CNT has a very big impact to intensity.
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, not to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Within god and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal, it is characterised in that:In percentage by weight, including Si4-4.5, Cu0.1-0.5,
Mg0.03-0.08, Zn0.05-0.1, In0.1-0.2, nano-TiO20.3-.0.5, CNT 0.01-0.02, balance of Al
It is on good terms to avoid impurity.
2. a kind of high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The content of described Cu is 0.2-
0.3%.
3. a kind of high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The content of described In is
0.15%.
4. a kind of high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described nano-TiO2Content be
0.3-0.4%.
5. a kind of high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described nano-TiO2:CNT
Weight ratio be 20:1.
6. a kind of preparation method of high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) various material powders are weighed, is well mixed with ball mill;
(2) mixed powder is loaded into grinding tool, 5-10min is kept under the pressure of 100-120MPa, it is compressing;
(3) the product 500-600 degree after shaping is sintered, has both obtained high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal.
7. the preparation method of high-strength aluminum-based brazing filler metal according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:Described ball milling is:Ball
Material compares 10-15:1, rotating speed 150-200r/min, time 40-60min.
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Cited By (4)
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CN112958865A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-15 | 浙江永旺焊材制造有限公司 | Method for welding Al-Cu dissimilar materials by preset brazing filler metal |
CN112975204A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-18 | 浙江永旺焊材制造有限公司 | Self-fluxing brazing filler metal applied to aluminum-copper dissimilar material welding and welding method |
CN112975027A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-18 | 浙江永旺焊材制造有限公司 | Aluminum-copper welding method |
CN110539104B (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-06-22 | 山东建筑大学 | Aluminum alloy welding material for powder metallurgy aluminum alloy welding and preparation method thereof |
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CN110539104B (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2021-06-22 | 山东建筑大学 | Aluminum alloy welding material for powder metallurgy aluminum alloy welding and preparation method thereof |
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CN112975204A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-18 | 浙江永旺焊材制造有限公司 | Self-fluxing brazing filler metal applied to aluminum-copper dissimilar material welding and welding method |
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CN112975027B (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-08-26 | 浙江永旺焊材制造有限公司 | Aluminum-copper welding method |
CN112975204B (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2022-08-30 | 浙江永旺焊材制造有限公司 | Self-fluxing brazing filler metal applied to aluminum-copper dissimilar material welding and welding method |
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Application publication date: 20170510 |