CN110539104B - Aluminum alloy welding material for powder metallurgy aluminum alloy welding and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy welding material for powder metallurgy aluminum alloy welding and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110539104B CN110539104B CN201910831787.9A CN201910831787A CN110539104B CN 110539104 B CN110539104 B CN 110539104B CN 201910831787 A CN201910831787 A CN 201910831787A CN 110539104 B CN110539104 B CN 110539104B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 degrees C
- B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an aluminum alloy welding material for welding powder metallurgy aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof, wherein the aluminum alloy welding material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 80-90% of aluminum, 5-11% of silicon, 2.1-8.5% of copper, 1-3.5% of magnesium and 0.05-0.12% of tantalum. The aluminum alloy welding material can eliminate holes in a welding joint area of powder metallurgy aluminum alloy, form continuous and uniform joints, and can be widely applied to welding of various powder metallurgy aluminum alloy products, and the tensile strength of the joints reaches the level of a base metal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a solder, in particular to a solder suitable for welding powder metallurgy aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The powder metallurgy aluminum alloy has the advantages of uniform material structure, no macrosegregation, capability of one-step forming and the like, and can gradually replace cast and forged aluminum alloy in the automobile industry and aerospace. However, the inherent hole defects of the sintered powder metallurgy aluminum alloy cause the weldability to be far lower than that of the cast forging aluminum alloy, on one hand, the holes change the heat conductivity, the thermal expansion coefficient and the hardenability of the sintered body, so that cracks are likely to be generated in a welding seam, a heat affected zone and a base metal; on the other hand, the holes adsorb impurities and oxides, which not only causes unstable welding, but also easily forms solidification cracks and layer tears. This limits the manufacture and application of complex and large parts of powder metallurgy aluminum alloys.
Chinese patent CN1274458C discloses an aluminum-based intermediate layer alloy for liquid phase diffusion welding, which comprises 60-95% of aluminum, 0.5-10% of silicon, 0.5-35% of copper, 0.5-10% of magnesium, 0.001-1% of gallium and 0.001-0.1% of rare earth. The rare earth element is at least one of lanthanum, cerium and neodymium. The welding flux can realize the welding of cast forging aluminum and aluminum alloy at the temperature lower than the melting point of aluminum, the tensile strength of a joint reaches the level of a base metal, and the bending plasticity reaches the requirement of welding standard. However, when the solder is used for welding powder metallurgy aluminum alloy, welding cracks can be avoided, but holes exist in a joint area, the welding strength is reduced, and the tensile strength of the joint is lower than that of a base metal. Moreover, the aluminum-based intermediate layer gold foil belt prepared by a quenching method has large brittleness and is inconvenient to be practically applied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an aluminum alloy welding material for powder metallurgy aluminum alloy welding and a preparation method thereof, which can eliminate joint holes and form continuous and uniform joints, wherein the tensile strength of the joints reaches the level of a base metal.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the aluminum alloy welding material for welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 80-90% of aluminum, 5-11% of silicon, 2.1-8.5% of copper, 1-3.5% of magnesium and 0.05-0.12% of tantalum.
The aluminum alloy welding material for welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 82% of aluminum, 7% of silicon, 8.5% of copper, 2.4% of magnesium and 0.1% of tantalum.
The aluminum alloy welding material for welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 88% of aluminum, 8% of silicon, 2.1% of copper, 1.84% of magnesium and 0.06% of tantalum.
The aluminum alloy welding material for welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy has the thickness of 80-150 mm.
The aluminum alloy welding material for powder metallurgy aluminum alloy welding is prepared by weighing powder of each component according to specified weight percentage, fully mixing the powder, pressing the powder into a powder blank, sintering and forming under the protection of nitrogen, and finally preparing an aluminum alloy foil strip from a sintered body by adopting a hot rolling process.
The aluminum alloy welding material of the invention adopts the same matrix element aluminum as the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy, eliminates a heterogeneous interface during the welding of the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy, avoids the discontinuity of components and tissues of a joint area, and improves the bonding force between the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy and the aluminum alloy welding material. The silicon and copper elements in the aluminum alloy solder have the rapid diffusion capability in aluminum, and can fill the inherent hole defects in the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy. Magnesium in the aluminum alloy solder can break oxide films on the surfaces of the powder metallurgy aluminum alloys and promote the diffusion of other elements. The tantalum in the aluminum alloy solder can refine crystal grains and promote the diffusion of silicon and copper elements, so that the holes in a joint area can be eliminated, the hot rolling plastic deformation capability of the aluminum alloy solder can be improved, and the aluminum alloy foil belt with good toughness can be obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the aluminum alloy welding material can effectively eliminate holes in a joint area to form a continuous and uniform joint, the tensile strength of the joint reaches the level of a base metal, and the aluminum alloy welding material can be widely applied to welding of various powder metallurgy aluminum alloy products.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference is made to the following examples.
Example 1
The aluminum alloy welding material for welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 80% of aluminum, 11% of silicon, 5.5% of copper, 3.38% of magnesium and 0.12% of tantalum. Weighing and mixing the metal powder of each component according to the percentage, pressing the metal powder into a powder blank under the pressure of 200MPa, then preserving the heat for 20min at the temperature of 560 ℃ in a nitrogen-filled environment, sintering and forming, and carrying out multi-pass rolling at 350 ℃ by utilizing hot rolling equipment to obtain the aluminum alloy foil strip solder with the thickness of 80 mm.
Placing the aluminum alloy welding material for welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy with the thickness of 80mm between welding surfaces of sintered powder metallurgy aluminum alloy bodies, pressing the surfaces to be welded under the pressure of 5MPa, heating to 590 ℃, and preserving heat for 2 minutes to finish welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy. A universal tester is used for carrying out tensile test on the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy joint, the tensile strength of the joint is 245MPa, and the tensile strength of a base material is up to 240 MPa.
Example 2
The aluminum alloy welding material for welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 82% of aluminum, 7% of silicon, 8.5% of copper, 2.4% of magnesium and 0.1% of tantalum.
Weighing and mixing the metal powder of each component according to the percentage, pressing the metal powder into a powder blank under the pressure of 200MPa, then preserving the heat for 20min at the temperature of 560 ℃ in a nitrogen-filled environment, sintering and forming, and carrying out multi-pass rolling at 350 ℃ by utilizing hot rolling equipment to obtain the aluminum alloy foil strip solder with the thickness of 120 mm.
Placing the aluminum alloy welding material for welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy with the thickness of 80mm between welding surfaces of sintered powder metallurgy aluminum alloy bodies, pressing the surfaces to be welded under the pressure of 5MPa, heating to 590 ℃, and preserving heat for 2 minutes to finish welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy. And (3) performing tensile test on the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy joint by using a universal testing machine, wherein the tensile strength of the joint is 250MPa, and the tensile strength of the base material is 240 MPa.
Example 3
The aluminum alloy welding material for welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 84% of aluminum, 6% of silicon, 6.4% of copper, 3.5% of magnesium and 0.1% of tantalum.
Weighing and mixing the metal powder of each component according to the percentage, pressing the metal powder into a powder blank under the pressure of 200MPa, then preserving the heat for 20min at the temperature of 560 ℃ in a nitrogen-filled environment, sintering and forming, and carrying out multi-pass rolling at 350 ℃ by utilizing hot rolling equipment to obtain the aluminum alloy foil strip solder with the thickness of 100 mm.
Placing the aluminum alloy welding material for welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy with the thickness of 80mm between welding surfaces of sintered powder metallurgy aluminum alloy bodies, pressing the surfaces to be welded under the pressure of 5MPa, heating to 590 ℃, and preserving heat for 2 minutes to finish welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy. And (3) performing tensile test on the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy joint by using a universal testing machine, wherein the tensile strength of the joint is 240MPa, and the tensile strength of the base metal (240 MPa) is achieved.
Example 4
The aluminum alloy welding material for welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 86% of aluminum, 10% of silicon, 2.7% of copper, 1.22% of magnesium and 0.08% of tantalum.
Weighing and mixing the metal powder of each component according to the percentage, pressing the metal powder into a powder blank under the pressure of 200MPa, then preserving the heat for 20min at the temperature of 560 ℃ in a nitrogen-filled environment, sintering and forming, and carrying out multi-pass rolling at 350 ℃ by utilizing hot rolling equipment to obtain the aluminum alloy foil strip solder with the thickness of 90 mm.
Placing the aluminum alloy welding material for welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy with the thickness of 80mm between welding surfaces of sintered powder metallurgy aluminum alloy bodies, pressing the surfaces to be welded under the pressure of 5MPa, heating to 590 ℃, and preserving heat for 2 minutes to finish welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy. And (3) performing tensile test on the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy joint by using a universal testing machine, wherein the tensile strength of the joint is 248MPa, and the tensile strength of the base metal is 240 MPa.
Example 5
The aluminum alloy welding material for welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 88% of aluminum, 8% of silicon, 2.1% of copper, 1.84% of magnesium and 0.06% of tantalum.
Weighing and mixing the metal powder of each component according to the percentage, pressing the metal powder into a powder blank under the pressure of 200MPa, then preserving the heat for 20min at the temperature of 560 ℃ in a nitrogen-filled environment, sintering and forming, and carrying out multi-pass rolling at 350 ℃ by utilizing hot rolling equipment to obtain the aluminum alloy foil strip solder with the thickness of 130 mm.
Placing the aluminum alloy welding material for welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy with the thickness of 80mm between welding surfaces of sintered powder metallurgy aluminum alloy bodies, pressing the surfaces to be welded under the pressure of 5MPa, heating to 590 ℃, and preserving heat for 2 minutes to finish welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy. A universal testing machine is used for carrying out tensile test on the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy joint, the tensile strength of the joint is 260MPa, and the tensile strength of a base material is up to 240 MPa.
Example 6
The aluminum alloy welding material for welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 90% of aluminum, 5% of silicon, 3.95% of copper, 1% of magnesium and 0.05% of tantalum.
Weighing and mixing the metal powder of each component according to the percentage, pressing the metal powder into a powder blank under the pressure of 200MPa, then preserving the heat for 20min at the temperature of 560 ℃ in a nitrogen-filled environment, sintering and forming, and carrying out multi-pass rolling at 350 ℃ by utilizing hot rolling equipment to obtain the aluminum alloy foil strip solder with the thickness of 150 mm.
Placing the aluminum alloy welding material for welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy with the thickness of 80mm between welding surfaces of sintered powder metallurgy aluminum alloy bodies, pressing the surfaces to be welded under the pressure of 5MPa, heating to 590 ℃, and preserving heat for 2 minutes to finish welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy. A universal testing machine is used for carrying out tensile test on the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy joint, the tensile strength of the joint is 256MPa, and the tensile strength of a base material is 240 MPa.
Claims (5)
1. The aluminum alloy welding material for welding the powder metallurgy aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 80-90% of aluminum, 5-11% of silicon, 2.1-8.5% of copper, 1-3.5% of magnesium and 0.05-0.12% of tantalum.
2. The aluminum alloy solder for welding powder metallurgy aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy solder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 82% of aluminum, 7% of silicon, 8.5% of copper, 2.4% of magnesium and 0.1% of tantalum.
3. The aluminum alloy solder for welding powder metallurgy aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the aluminum alloy solder comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 88% of aluminum, 8% of silicon, 2.1% of copper, 1.84% of magnesium and 0.06% of tantalum.
4. The aluminum alloy solder for welding powder metallurgy aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the aluminum alloy solder foil strip is 80mm to 150 mm.
5. The method for preparing an aluminum alloy solder for welding of powder metallurgy aluminum alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the aluminum alloy foil is prepared by weighing the components in a prescribed weight percentage, fully mixing the powders, pressing the mixture into a powder blank, sintering the powder blank under the protection of nitrogen, and finally adopting a hot rolling process to prepare the sintered body into the aluminum alloy foil strip.
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1045966A (en) * | 1963-06-10 | 1966-10-19 | Ici Ltd | Electrical conductor |
| GB1236750A (en) * | 1967-08-04 | 1971-06-23 | Ugine Kuhlmann | Improvements to bonding between steel pieces and pieces composed of other metals |
| US5332455A (en) * | 1991-06-10 | 1994-07-26 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Rapidly solidified aluminum-magnesium base brazing alloys |
| CN1569385A (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2005-01-26 | 山东鲁能节能设备开发有限公司 | Aluminium based interlayer alloy for liquid phase diffusion weld |
| CN102259241A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2011-11-30 | 江苏大学 | Filler wire for fusion welding of low activation martensitic steel and use method thereof |
| CN102345036A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-02-08 | 上海交通大学 | Rare earth aluminium alloy for composite brazing material coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN106624441A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-10 | 安徽华众焊业有限公司 | High-strength aluminum-base brazing filler metal and preparing method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-09-04 CN CN201910831787.9A patent/CN110539104B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1045966A (en) * | 1963-06-10 | 1966-10-19 | Ici Ltd | Electrical conductor |
| GB1236750A (en) * | 1967-08-04 | 1971-06-23 | Ugine Kuhlmann | Improvements to bonding between steel pieces and pieces composed of other metals |
| US5332455A (en) * | 1991-06-10 | 1994-07-26 | Alliedsignal Inc. | Rapidly solidified aluminum-magnesium base brazing alloys |
| CN1569385A (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2005-01-26 | 山东鲁能节能设备开发有限公司 | Aluminium based interlayer alloy for liquid phase diffusion weld |
| CN102259241A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2011-11-30 | 江苏大学 | Filler wire for fusion welding of low activation martensitic steel and use method thereof |
| CN102345036A (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2012-02-08 | 上海交通大学 | Rare earth aluminium alloy for composite brazing material coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN106624441A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-10 | 安徽华众焊业有限公司 | High-strength aluminum-base brazing filler metal and preparing method thereof |
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