CN115569675A - Method and device for generating micro-droplets - Google Patents
Method and device for generating micro-droplets Download PDFInfo
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- CN115569675A CN115569675A CN202211162402.2A CN202211162402A CN115569675A CN 115569675 A CN115569675 A CN 115569675A CN 202211162402 A CN202211162402 A CN 202211162402A CN 115569675 A CN115569675 A CN 115569675A
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/02—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
- B01L3/50273—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by the means or forces applied to move the fluids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
- B01L3/502769—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by multiphase flow arrangements
- B01L3/502784—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by multiphase flow arrangements specially adapted for droplet or plug flow, e.g. digital microfluidics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
- B01L2300/0861—Configuration of multiple channels and/or chambers in a single devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
- B01L2400/04—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means
- B01L2400/0403—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces
- B01L2400/0406—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces capillary forces
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for generating micro-droplets, which comprises the following steps: adjusting the output power of a laser according to the quantity and size of the prepared micro-droplets and the distance from the laser to the liquid level, connecting the laser with one end of an optical fiber, inserting an optical fiber probe connected with the other end of the optical fiber into the sample liquid, transmitting the light emitted by the laser to the sample liquid through the optical fiber probe, generating a photothermal effect, respectively blowing cold air flow and hot steam flow to two sides of the top surface of the sample liquid until a light source heating area is formed, gradually increasing the temperature of the sample liquid, generating liquid-gas phase change on the sample liquid to form steam, and condensing the steam when the temperature of the steam is lower than the saturation temperature to form the micro-droplets. The invention adopts the method for producing the micro-droplets, realizes the generation of the micro-droplets with suspension, adjustable size, quantity and position above the liquid level of the sample, and has the advantages of simple structure, low requirement on environment, easy implementation, strong anti-interference capability, convenient preparation and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a technique for preparing micro-droplets, and more particularly, to a method and an apparatus for generating micro-droplets.
Background
The micro-droplets are commonly in nature and daily life, and have large specific surface area, so that the droplets can be maintained in a stable state, and are good micro-carriers, the micro-droplets can realize the micro-scale of chemical reaction and biomedical detection, are beneficial to reducing reaction reagents, shortening reaction time, regulating and controlling local reaction conditions, increasing reaction precision and the like, and show great application potential.
The essential prerequisite for the potential application of microdroplets is the stable production of uniform, dimensionally and structurally precise microdroplets. Therefore, the ability to generate stable and controllable micro-droplets at high frequency and achieve high-throughput production thereof is a key step in achieving the application value thereof.
Up to now, methods for generating micro-droplets are chip, capillary, piezoelectric, acoustic field, electric field, magnetic field, optical guiding, functional interface (super hydrophilic and hydrophobic), micro-pore alignment, etc., such as:
chinese patent (publication No. CN 108671970A) provides a method for generating double-size micro-droplets based on a micro-fluidic chip. And injecting the dispersed phase and the continuous phase into the microfluidic chip, and forming double-size micro droplets at the shearing opening of the microfluidic chip under the combined action of the shearing force and the pressure applied to the dispersed phase by the continuous phase. The performance of the generated liquid drops is stable, the influence of the flow rate in a certain channel size is small, the repeatability is good, and the size of the liquid drops can be controlled through the volume; however, the liquid drops generated by the chip are limited in the micro-channel and isolated from the external space, and although the liquid drops are protected, the application of the micro-liquid drops is limited, and the control difficulty of the generated micro-liquid drops is high.
The literature (Optics Letters,2020,45 (7): 1998-2001) shows the generation of oil-in-water droplets in a micro-vortex based on confined thermal capillaries. By utilizing an open microfluidic chip, 1064nm laser is coupled into graphene oxide, so that the photo-thermal waveguide serves as a heater. Generating a temperature gradient during heating based on the continuity of natural convection heat transfer, so that a surface tension gradient is generated around a part of the water; then driven by surface tension gradient, the thermal capillary micro-vortex is generated, and the photo-thermal waveguide is moved to generate micro-liquid drops. The size and the shape of the micro-droplet can be accurately controlled, however, the preparation technology is complex, the cost is high, the liquid incompatibility principle is needed, the generated droplet is limited in a micro-fluidic chip, and the application of the droplet is limited due to the non-free space micro-droplet.
In summary, these methods for generating micro droplets have limitations in terms of preparation processes, operation difficulties, preparation costs and manipulations, and cannot meet the requirements of micro droplet applications.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for producing micro-droplets, which realizes the generation of suspended micro-droplets with adjustable size, quantity and position on the liquid surface of a sample, has the advantages of simple structure, low requirement on environment, easy implementation, strong anti-interference capability, convenient preparation and the like, and has important significance in biomedicine, particularly in quantitative transportation of certain medicines or humidification of lung supporting equipment.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for producing micro-droplets, comprising the steps of:
s1, adjusting the output power of a laser according to the number and the size of the prepared micro-droplets and the distance from the micro-droplets to the liquid level;
s2, connecting a laser with one end of an optical fiber, inserting an optical fiber probe connected with the other end of the optical fiber into the sample liquid, and transmitting light emitted by the laser to the sample liquid through the optical fiber probe to generate a photothermal effect;
s3, respectively blowing a cold air flow and a hot steam flow to two sides of the top surface of the sample liquid;
s4, until the heat of a certain area in the sample liquid cannot be transferred or the transfer speed is lower than the set requirement, under the continuous action of light energy, a large amount of heat is gathered in a small range, and a light source heating area is formed;
and S5, gradually raising the temperature of the sample liquid, carrying out liquid-gas phase change on the sample liquid to form steam, condensing the steam when the temperature of the steam is lower than the saturation temperature to form micro-droplets, and enabling the micro-droplets to have an upper and lower pressure difference under the combined action of the lifting force of the airflow, the gravity of the micro-droplets and the cold airflow and the hot steam flow, so that the micro-droplets are suspended on the surface of the sample liquid.
Preferably, the number, size and liquid level distance to the sample liquid of the generated micro-droplets are increased with the increase of the laser power in step S1.
Preferably, the wavelength of the light emitted by the laser is greater than the average wavelength of the absorption coefficient of the sample liquid.
Preferably, the sample liquid in step S2 is distilled water;
and the step S2 specifically includes the steps of:
s21, placing distilled water on a glass slide, and then installing a CCD camera with an objective lens and an illumination light source on the upper side and the lower side of the distilled water;
s22, regulating and controlling the insertion position and the insertion mode of the optical fiber probe through a micro-operation platform, then regulating the focal length of an objective lens, and observing by using a computer connected with a CCD camera;
and S23, turning on the laser, the CCD camera, the illumination light source and the computer, adjusting the focal length of the objective lens, and observing the generation of the micro-droplets by using the computer communicated with the CCD camera.
Preferably, in step S22, the fiber probe is inserted into the sample liquid from different horizontal positions by the micro-manipulation platform, and the change of the micro-droplets generated along with the different horizontal insertion positions of the fiber probe is observed;
and then the optical fiber probe is inserted into the distilled water from different vertical positions through the micro-operation platform, and the change of micro-droplets is observed along with the difference of the vertical insertion positions of the optical fiber probe.
The generation device based on the generation method of the micro-droplets comprises a glass slide for bearing sample liquid, an optical fiber probe for inserting into the sample liquid, an optical fiber with one end connected with the optical fiber probe, and a laser connected with the other end of the optical fiber.
Preferably, the upper side and the lower side of the glass slide are respectively provided with an illumination light source and a CCD camera, and the CCD camera is communicated with a computer.
Preferably, an objective lens is fixed on one side of the CCD camera facing the slide glass.
Preferably, the optical fiber between the optical fiber probe and the laser is erected on a micro-operation platform and used for adjusting the insertion position and the insertion mode of the optical fiber probe.
Preferably, the optical fiber probe is a single-mode probe with a flat end face, and the sample liquid is distilled water.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has very remarkable effects:
1. the method can modulate the micro-droplets based on the micro-droplets generated by the photo-thermal effect through related parameters of the light source, control the formation and growth of the micro-droplets, and accurately control the quantity and the size of the micro-droplets, and has important significance in biomedicine, particularly in quantitative transport of certain medicines or humidification of lung support equipment.
2. The method realizes that the micro-droplets are stably suspended above the liquid level and separated from the sample solution, so that the method is more flexible to control and research, and enriches the method for researching the micro-droplets.
3. The method can regulate and control the generation position of the micro-droplets by changing the position of the optical fiber.
4. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of simple structure, easy implementation, controllable generated liquid drop, strong anti-interference capability and convenient preparation.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for producing microdroplets according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a generation apparatus based on a generation method of micro droplets according to an embodiment of the present invention.
1. A fiber optic probe; 2. a sample liquid; 3. a glass slide; 4. a light source heating zone; 5. micro-droplets; 6. a flow of cold air; 7. a hot vapor stream; 8. an optical fiber; 9. a laser; 10. a micro-operation platform; 11. an objective lens; 12. a CCD camera; 13. an illumination light source; 14. a computer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be noted that the present embodiment is based on the technical solution, and the detailed implementation and the specific operation process are provided, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for generating micro-droplets according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, adjusting the output power of a laser 9 according to the number and the size of the prepared micro-droplets 5 and the distance from the micro-droplets to the liquid level;
preferably, the number, size and liquid surface distance to the sample liquid 2 of the generated micro-droplets 5 increase with increasing power of the laser 9 in step S1.
Preferably, the wavelength of the light emitted by the laser 9 is greater than the average wavelength of the absorption coefficient of the sample liquid 2. I.e., 1480 nm.
S2, connecting a laser 9 with one end of an optical fiber 8, inserting an optical fiber 8 probe 1 connected with the other end of the optical fiber 8 into the sample liquid 2, and transmitting light emitted by the laser 9 to the sample liquid 2 through the optical fiber 8 probe 1 to generate a photo-thermal effect;
preferably, the sample liquid 2 in step S2 is distilled water;
and the step S2 specifically comprises the following steps:
s21, placing distilled water on the glass slide 3, and then installing the CCD camera 12 with the objective lens 11 and the illumination light source 13 on the upper side and the lower side of the distilled water;
s22, regulating and controlling the insertion position and the insertion mode of the optical fiber 8 probe 1 through the micro-operation platform 10, then regulating the focal length of the objective lens 11, and observing by using a computer 14 connected with the CCD camera 12;
s23, turning on the laser 9, the CCD camera 12, the illumination light source 13 and the computer 14, adjusting the focal length of the objective lens 11, and observing the generation of the micro-droplets 5 by using the computer 14 communicated with the CCD camera 12.
Preferably, in step S22, the probe 1 of the optical fiber 8 is inserted into the sample liquid 2 from different horizontal positions by the micro-operation platform 10, and the change of the micro-droplets 5 generated along with the difference of the horizontal insertion positions of the probe 1 of the optical fiber 8 is observed; in the present embodiment, it is observed that the position of the generated micro-droplet 5 changes according to the position of the probe 1 inserted into the optical fiber 8.
Then the optical fiber 8 probe 1 is inserted into the distilled water from different vertical positions through the micro-operation platform 10, and the change of the micro-liquid drop 5 is observed along with the different vertical insertion positions of the optical fiber 8 probe 1. In this embodiment, it is observed that as the insertion depth (height from the liquid surface) of the probe 1 of the optical fiber 8 is reduced, the time for generating the micro-droplets 5 is reduced, and the micro-droplets 5 can be obtained more quickly because the heat generated by the laser field is difficult to diffuse and the temperature rises quickly.
S3, respectively blowing a cold air flow 6 and a hot steam flow 7 to two sides of the top surface of the sample liquid 2;
s4, until the heat of a certain area in the sample liquid 2 cannot be transferred or the transfer speed is lower than a set requirement, a large amount of heat is gathered in a small range under the continuous action of light energy, and a light source heating area 4 is formed;
and S5, gradually raising the temperature of the sample liquid 2, carrying out liquid-gas phase change on the sample liquid 2 to form steam, condensing the steam when the temperature of the steam is lower than the saturation temperature to form micro liquid drops 5, and enabling the micro liquid drops 5 to have an upper pressure difference and a lower pressure difference under the combined action of the lifting force of the airflow, the gravity of the micro liquid drops 5 and the cold airflow 6 and the hot steam flow 7, so that the micro liquid drops 5 are suspended on the surface of the sample liquid 2.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a generation apparatus based on a generation method of a micro-droplet 5 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the generation apparatus based on the generation method of the micro-droplet 5 includes a glass slide 3 for carrying a sample liquid 2, an optical fiber 8 probe 1 for inserting into the sample liquid 2, an optical fiber 8 having one end connected to the optical fiber 8 probe 1, and a laser 9 connected to the other end of the optical fiber 8.
Preferably, an illumination light source 13 and a CCD camera 12 are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the slide glass 3, and the CCD camera 12 is communicated with a computer 14. And an objective lens 11 is fixed to the side of the CCD camera 12 facing the slide 3.
Preferably, the optical fiber 8 between the optical fiber 8 probe 1 and the laser 9 is mounted on the micro-manipulation platform 10 for adjusting the insertion position and insertion mode of the optical fiber 8 probe 1.
Preferably, the optical fiber 8 probe 1 is a plain-end single-mode probe, and the sample liquid 2 is distilled water.
Therefore, the invention adopts the method for producing the micro-droplets to realize the generation of the suspended micro-droplets with adjustable size, quantity and position above the liquid level of the sample, and has the advantages of simple structure, low requirement on environment, easy implementation, strong anti-interference capability, convenient preparation and the like.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of producing microdroplets, characterized by: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting the output power of a laser according to the number and the size of the prepared micro-droplets and the distance from the micro-droplets to the liquid level;
s2, connecting a laser with one end of an optical fiber, inserting an optical fiber probe connected with the other end of the optical fiber into the sample liquid, and transmitting light emitted by the laser to the sample liquid through the optical fiber probe to generate a photothermal effect;
s3, respectively blowing a cold air flow and a hot steam flow to two sides of the top surface of the sample liquid;
s4, until the heat of a certain area in the sample liquid cannot be transferred or the transfer speed is lower than the set requirement, under the continuous action of light energy, a large amount of heat is gathered in a small range, and a light source heating area is formed;
and S5, gradually raising the temperature of the sample liquid, carrying out liquid-gas phase change on the sample liquid to form steam, condensing the steam when the temperature of the steam is lower than the saturation temperature to form micro-droplets, and enabling the micro-droplets to have an upper and lower pressure difference under the combined action of the lifting force of the airflow, the gravity of the micro-droplets and the cold airflow and the hot steam flow, so that the micro-droplets are suspended on the surface of the sample liquid.
2. The method of producing microdroplets of claim 1, wherein: as the laser power increases in step S1, the number, size, and liquid surface distance to the sample liquid of the generated micro-droplets all increase.
3. A method of producing microdroplets as claimed in claim 2 wherein: the wavelength of the light emitted by the laser is greater than the average wavelength of the absorption coefficient of the sample liquid.
4. The method of producing microdroplets of claim 1, wherein: the sample liquid in the step S2 is distilled water;
and the step S2 specifically comprises the following steps:
s21, placing distilled water on a glass slide, and then installing a CCD camera with an objective lens and an illumination light source on the upper side and the lower side of the distilled water;
s22, regulating and controlling the insertion position and the insertion mode of the optical fiber probe through a micro-operation platform, then regulating the focal length of an objective lens, and observing by using a computer connected with a CCD camera;
and S23, turning on the laser, the CCD camera, the illumination light source and the computer, adjusting the focal length of the objective lens, and observing the generation of the micro-droplets by using the computer communicated with the CCD camera.
5. The method of producing microdroplets of claim 4, wherein: in step S22, the fiber probe is inserted into the sample liquid from different horizontal positions through the micro-manipulation platform, and the change of the micro-droplets generated along with the different horizontal insertion positions of the fiber probe is observed;
and then the optical fiber probe is inserted into the distilled water from different vertical positions through the micro-operation platform, and the change of micro-droplets is observed along with the difference of the vertical insertion positions of the optical fiber probe.
6. The generation apparatus based on the generation method of the micro-droplets according to the above claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the device comprises a glass slide for bearing sample liquid, an optical fiber probe for being inserted into the sample liquid, an optical fiber with one end connected with the optical fiber probe, and a laser connected with the other end of the optical fiber.
7. The generation apparatus of the microdroplet-based generation method according to claim 6, wherein: and the upper side and the lower side of the glass slide are respectively provided with an illumination light source and a CCD camera, and the CCD camera is communicated with a computer.
8. The generation apparatus of the microdroplet-based generation method according to claim 7, wherein: an objective lens is fixed on one side of the CCD camera facing the glass slide.
9. The generation apparatus of the microdroplet-based generation method according to claim 6, wherein: the optical fiber between the optical fiber probe and the laser is erected on a micro-operation platform and used for adjusting the insertion position and the insertion mode of the optical fiber probe.
10. The generation apparatus of the microdroplet-based generation method according to claim 6, wherein: the optical fiber probe is a single-mode probe with a flat end face, and the sample liquid is distilled water.
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