CN115568331A - Be applied to peeling apparatus and harvester of broccoli tail dish results - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a peeling device and a harvester applied to harvesting broccoli tail vegetables, comprising a peeling barrel and a driving mechanism; the peeling cylinder comprises a feeding port, a peeling cylinder shell, a waste vegetable conveying device, an annular peeling knife and an output port; the feeding port is arranged at one end of the peeling barrel shell, the output port is arranged at the other end of the peeling barrel shell, the waste vegetable conveying device is arranged in the peeling barrel shell and comprises a plurality of groups of driving rollers which are arranged up and down, and the annular peeling knives are arranged behind each group of driving rollers respectively. The harvester comprises a peeling device applied to the harvest of broccoli tail vegetables, a conveying device and a transmission device; the peeling cylinder and the conveying device are respectively arranged on the harvester, the output end of the conveying device is connected with the feeding port of the peeling cylinder, the input end of the conveying device is connected with the output end of the lifting device, and the input end of the lifting device is connected with the conveying device of the harvester; the method effectively reduces the peeling strength of the harvested cauliflower and improves the harvesting and processing efficiency of the cauliflower.

Description

Be applied to peeling apparatus and harvester of broccoli tail dish results

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural harvesting machinery, and particularly relates to a peeling device and a harvester applied to harvesting broccoli tail vegetables.

Background

Broccoli, also known as broccoli, cauliflower, broccoli, a variety of brassica oleracea belonging to the family brassicaceae, native to italy. The broccoli is called as 'vegetable queen', and has fresh and cool mouthfeel and rich nutrition. The broccoli is introduced into China in the 70 th of the 20 th century, gradually forms and gradually expands the scale from the 70 th, and simultaneously, the development of the broccoli industry in China is greatly accelerated by the import demand of China on the broccoli in Japan, korea, singapore, the middle east and other countries, and the broccoli planting scale is continuously expanded. The Jiangsu saline city Xueshi county entitled "the country of broccoli in China" has the advantages that the planting area of the broccoli is stabilized to about 10 ten thousand mu, and the annual output is nearly 13 thousand tons.

As the planting and harvesting of broccoli belong to labor-intensive industries, transplanters and harvesters suitable for broccoli planting and harvesting environments in China have been developed by related colleges and enterprises, are preliminarily applied at present, greatly reduce labor intensity and reduce labor cost. After broccoli is harvested, roots and stems of broccoli, namely broccoli tail vegetables, are left on the ground, and the broccoli tail vegetables are also good raw materials for making the preserved szechuan pickle after being peeled. Meanwhile, if the broccoli tail vegetables are not treated in time, the tail vegetables can influence the subsequent planting in the field. At present, related vegetable deep-processing industrial chains are used for recycling and processing broccoli. The harvesting of broccoli tail vegetables and the harvesting of broccoli belong to labor-intensive industries, a large number of personnel are needed for secondary harvesting in fields, and in order to reduce labor intensity, a peeling device and a harvester applied to the harvesting of broccoli tail vegetables need to be developed urgently. The method can greatly simplify the peeling process of the broccoli tail vegetable in the field during the preparation of the preserved szechuan pickle and solve the problem that a large amount of cost is consumed due to the transportation of the tail vegetable, and also greatly reduces the preparation cost of the broccoli preserved szechuan pickle.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above technical problems, an object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a peeling apparatus for harvesting broccoli tail vegetables, which reduces labor intensity for manual peeling, effectively reduces operation intensity for peeling the harvested broccoli tail vegetables, and improves economic value of the broccoli tail vegetables for preparing hot pickled mustard tuber.

One of the purposes of one mode of the invention is to provide a harvester, which comprises the peeling device applied to the harvesting of broccoli tail vegetables, and can complete the peeling operation of broccoli tail vegetables, so that the broccoli tail vegetable harvesting equipment integrates the cutting, conveying, leaf peeling and peeling procedures, the function of the self-propelled broccoli tail vegetable harvesting equipment is further improved, and the harvesting and processing efficiency of broccoli tail vegetables is improved.

Note that the description of these objects does not preclude the existence of other objects. It is not necessary for one embodiment of the present invention to achieve all of the above-described objects. Objects other than the above objects can be extracted from the descriptions of the specification, drawings, and claims.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

a peeling device applied to harvest broccoli tail vegetables comprises a peeling barrel and a driving mechanism;

the peeling barrel comprises a feeding port, a peeling barrel shell, a waste vegetable conveying device, an annular peeling knife and an output port; the feeding port is arranged at one end of the peeling barrel shell; the output port is arranged at the other end of the peeling barrel shell; the tail vegetable conveying device is arranged in the shell of the peeling barrel and comprises a plurality of groups of driving rollers which are arranged up and down, the annular peeling knives are arranged behind each group of driving rollers respectively, and the driving rollers are connected with the driving mechanism.

In the scheme, the tail vegetable conveying device further comprises a peeling barrel belt, a peeling barrel belt wheel, a bearing seat and a gear; the peeling drum belt is connected with the peeling drum belt wheel and is positioned on one side of the peeling drum shell, and the gear is positioned on the other side outside the peeling drum shell; the bearing seats are arranged on two sides of the peeling barrel shell; two ends of the transmission roller are respectively arranged on the bearing seats, one end of the transmission roller at the lower part is connected with the belt pulley of the peeling barrel, the other end of the transmission roller at the lower part is connected with the gear, one end of the transmission roller at the upper part is connected with the other gear, the corresponding gears at the upper part and the lower part are meshed, the rotating directions are opposite, and the transmission rollers at the upper part and the lower part are driven to rotate in opposite directions.

Furthermore, an annular rubber sleeve is arranged on the transmission roller.

In the scheme, each group of annular peeling knives comprises an annular fixed support, a peeling knife rest and a pair of peeling blades; the annular fixed support is connected with the inner wall of the peeling barrel shell; the pair of peeling blades are oppositely arranged on the peeling knife rest, a channel is reserved in the middle, the peeling blades of each group of annular peeling knives are staggered in installation angle on the peeling knife rest, so that the peeling blades of the groups of annular peeling knives form a cutting channel in the peeling barrel shell, and a circular peeling hole with blades on the circumference is formed when one end of the peeling barrel shell is seen inwards.

Furthermore, an annular rubber sleeve is arranged on the transmission roller.

Furthermore, circle center in the cyclic annular fixed bolster is equipped with spacing through-hole, and the position of spacing through-hole corresponds the position of passageway, and spacing through-hole passes through the connecting rod to be connected with the interior circular wall of cyclic annular fixed bolster for in tentatively spacing sending into the transfer roller to broccoli.

Furthermore, the annular peeling knife also comprises a double-torsion spring; one end of the double-torsion spring is connected with the annular fixed support, and the other end of the double-torsion spring is connected with the peeling knife rest.

A harvester comprises the peeling device applied to the harvesting of broccoli tail vegetables, a conveying device and a transmission device; the peeling cylinder and the conveying device are respectively arranged on the harvester, the output end of the conveying device is connected with the feeding port of the peeling cylinder, the input end of the conveying device is connected with the output end of the lifting device, and the input end of the lifting device is connected with the conveying device of the harvester;

and the driving roller and the conveying device of the peeling barrel are respectively connected with the driving mechanism through the driving device.

In the scheme, the conveying device comprises a small roller, a roller connecting shaft, a conveying device driving shaft, a conveying device shell and a conveying device belt wheel;

the small rollers are connected in series on the roller connecting shaft; two ends of the roller connecting shaft are respectively connected with the inner wall of the shell of the conveying device; the conveying device driving shaft is arranged in the conveying device shell, and the upper surface of the conveying device driving shaft and the upper surface of the small roller are positioned on the same horizontal plane; the shell of the conveying device is connected with the frame of the harvester; the conveying device belt wheel is connected with a conveying device driving shaft.

In the scheme, the transmission device comprises a conveying shaft of the conveying device, a first gearbox, a second gearbox, a first belt, a second belt, a third belt and an intermediate belt wheel;

the driving mechanism is connected with the input end of the first gearbox through two-stage belt transmission; the output end of the first gearbox is connected with the input end of the second gearbox, the output end of the second gearbox is connected with the intermediate belt wheel through the first belt, one end of the intermediate belt wheel is connected with the driving shaft of the conveying device through the second belt, and the other end of the intermediate belt wheel is connected with the driving roller of the waste vegetable conveying device through the third belt.

In the above scheme, still include tail vegetable skin discharge deflector, tail vegetable skin discharge deflector installs in the harvester frame, and is located the below of going a skin shell.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) According to one mode of the invention, the peeling device applied to the harvest of broccoli tailed vegetable reduces the labor intensity of manual peeling, effectively reduces the peeling operation intensity of the harvested tailed vegetable, and improves the harvest and processing efficiency of the broccoli tailed vegetable.

(2) According to one mode of the harvester, the harvester applied to the broccoli harvesting and peeling device can complete the procedures of tail vegetable cutting, conveying, leaf peeling, collecting and the like in the field, the labor intensity of manual peeling is reduced, and the harvesting and processing efficiency of broccoli is improved.

(3) According to one mode of the invention, the upper and lower transmission rollers of the multi-group tail dish transmission device rotate in opposite directions to clamp and transmit the tail dishes forwards, the transmission rollers are provided with rubber sleeves in interference fit, and the rubber sleeves have elasticity to ensure that the tail dishes with different diameters can be clamped, meanwhile, the tail dishes are prevented from being damaged, and the automatic and rapid forward transmission function of the tail dishes of the peeling device is realized.

(4) According to one mode of the invention, the annular peeling knives are circumferentially arranged, and each group of annular peeling knives is provided with the blades, so that the blades at multiple angles are uniformly distributed in the axial direction and the circumferential direction, and the peeling process of the waste vegetables is completed.

(5) According to one mode of the invention, the blades and the knife rest of the annular peeling knife are connected with the annular fixing support through the double-torsion spring, so that the size of the peeling hole is adjustable, and the annular peeling knife can adapt to broccoli tail vegetables with different diameters.

Note that the description of these effects does not hinder the existence of other effects. One embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily have all the effects described above. Effects other than the above can be clearly understood and extracted from the description of the specification, the drawings, the claims, and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the self-propelled broccoli tail vegetable combined harvesting equipment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the peeling cartridge of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a debarking cartridge in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a tail dish conveying device according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the annular peeling knife of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the peeling hole of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a conveying device according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the transmission of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-peeling a cylinder; 2-a conveying device; 3-a transmission device; 5-discharging the tail vegetable skin from the guide plate; 6-a leaf peeling device; 7-Z type bucket elevator; 8-a drag-arm conveyor; 9-feeding screw conveyer; 10-a telescopic pick-up device; 11-reciprocating cutter device;

101-a feeding port; 102-peeling cylinder shell; 103-tail dish conveying device; 104-a circular peeling knife; 105-an output port; 106-peeling holes;

1031-peeling drum belt; 1032-debarking drum pulley; 1033-bearing seat; 1034-gear; 1035-transfer roll; 1036-annular rubber sleeve;

1041-an annular fixed support; 1042-double torsion spring; 1043-a paring knife holder; 1044-peeling blades;

201-small roller; 202-roller connecting shaft; 203-a conveyor drive shaft; 204-a delivery device housing; 205-conveyor pulley;

401-an engine; 402-a first gearbox; 403-gearbox two; 404-belt one; 405-leather belt two; 406-Belt III; 407-intermediate pulley.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "axial," "radial," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Fig. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the peeling device for harvesting broccoli tail vegetables, which comprises a peeling cylinder 1 and a driving mechanism; the peeling drum 1 comprises a feeding opening 101, a peeling drum shell 102, a tail vegetable conveying device 103, a ring-shaped peeling knife 104 and an output opening 105; the feeding port 101 is arranged at one end of the peeling barrel shell 102; the output port 105 is arranged at the other end of the peeling cylinder shell 102; the tail vegetable conveying device 103 is arranged in the peeling cylinder shell 102, the tail vegetable conveying device 103 comprises a plurality of groups of driving rollers 1035 which are arranged up and down, the annular peeling knife 104 is arranged behind each group of driving rollers 1035, and the driving rollers 1035 are connected with a driving mechanism.

The outer side of the output port 105 is sleeved with soft rubber which hangs down, so that the peeled vegetable tails can be decelerated conveniently, and the peeled vegetable tails are output to enter a bin.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, according to the present embodiment, it is preferable that the tail dish transferring device 103 further includes a peeling cylinder belt 1031, a peeling cylinder belt 1032, a bearing housing 1033 and a gear 1034;

the peeling cylinder belt 1031 is connected with the peeling cylinder belt wheel 1032 and is positioned at one side of the peeling cylinder shell 102; the gear 1034 is located on the other side of the exterior of the peeling barrel housing 102; the bearing blocks 1033 are arranged on two sides of the peeling barrel shell 102; both ends of the transfer roller 1035 are respectively mounted on the bearing seats 1033, one end of the lower transfer roller 1035 is connected with the peeling barrel belt pulley 1032, the other end is connected with the gear 1034, one end of the upper transfer roller 1035 is connected with the other gear 1034, the corresponding gears 1034 on the upper part and the lower part are meshed, and the rotation directions are opposite to each other, so that the upper transfer roller 1035 and the lower transfer roller 1035 are driven to rotate in opposite directions.

As shown in fig. 4, according to this embodiment, preferably, an annular rubber sleeve 1036 is installed on the transfer roller 1035, and is located in the middle of the transfer roller and in interference fit with the transfer roller, so as to increase the friction force when the broccoli tail is clamped and conveyed forward, prevent the broccoli tail from slipping when the broccoli tail moves forward on the transfer roller, and meanwhile, the annular rubber sleeve is elastic and can adapt to broccoli tail with different diameters, thereby avoiding damage to the broccoli tail.

As shown in fig. 5, preferably each set of annular peeling knives 104 comprises an annular securing bracket 1041, a peeling blade holder 1043 and a pair of peeling blades 1044; the annular fixed bracket 1041 is connected with the inner wall of the peeling barrel casing 102; a pair of peeling blades 1044 are oppositely arranged on the peeling knife rest 1043, a channel is reserved between the peeling blades and is used for broccoli to pass through, the peeling blades 1044 of each group of annular peeling knives 104 are staggered in installation angle on the peeling knife rest 1043, so that the peeling blades 1044 of the groups of annular peeling knives 104 form a cutting channel in the peeling drum housing 102, and a circular peeling hole 106 with blades on the circumference is formed when the peeling drum housing 102 is seen from one end to the inside, as shown in fig. 6.

Preferably, a limiting through hole is formed in the center of the inner circle of the annular fixing support 1041, the position of the limiting through hole corresponds to the position of the channel, and the limiting through hole is connected with the inner circular wall of the annular fixing support 1041 through a connecting rod. The broccoli tail is clamped up and down by the transfer roller 1035, passes through the limiting through hole, enters the channel in the middle of the peeling blade 1044, and enters the peeling blade 1044 to peel the broccoli tail.

According to this embodiment, the annular peeling knife 104 preferably further comprises a double torsion spring 1042; one end of the double-torsion spring 1042 is connected with the annular fixed bracket 1041, and the other end is connected with the peeling knife rest 1043.

Preferably, the double torsion spring 1042 can be fixed on the annular fixing bracket 1041 by a bolt, and one end of the double torsion spring is sleeved on the protrusion of the peeling blade holder 1043, while the other end of the double torsion spring presses on the peeling blade holder 1043. When the peeling device is unloaded, the peeling blades connected with the double-torsion springs 1042 are tightly leaned on the round holes in the middle of the annular fixed support 1041 and are in a pre-torsion state, the peeling blades 1044 are fixed at the tail end of the peeling knife rest 1043 and are embedded into the gaps of the tail end of the peeling knife rest 1043 and fixed, and contact force exists between the peeling blades and the round holes in the center of the annular fixed support 1041, so that the double-torsion springs 1042 are in a tightening state, the force in the double-torsion springs 1042 can be automatically adjusted according to the force, and the peeling device is used for peeling the tail vegetables; meanwhile, when the double-torsion spring 1042 is pushed by the tail vegetables to extend outwards, the opposite peeling knife holders 1043 are driven to open towards two sides, so that the broccoli tail vegetables with larger diameter can smoothly pass through and the peeling process is completed. The front side of the peeling knife rack 1043 is U-shaped, and can be provided with a peeling blade 1044, and the back side is provided with a boss for providing a fixing position for the double-torsion spring 1042.

As shown in fig. 1, the harvester comprises the peeling device applied to the harvest of broccoli tail vegetables, a conveying device 2 and a transmission device 3; the peeling cylinder 1 and the conveying device 2 are respectively arranged on the harvester, the output end of the conveying device 2 is connected with the feeding port 101 of the peeling cylinder 1, the input end of the conveying device 2 is connected with the output end of the lifting device, and the input end of the lifting device is connected with the conveying device of the harvester;

preferably, the lifting device is a Z-shaped bucket type lifting device, and the conveying device of the harvester is a rake rod type conveying device 8.

The driving roller 1035 and the conveying device 2 of the peeling cylinder 1 are respectively connected with a driving mechanism through a driving device 3.

As shown in fig. 7, according to the present embodiment, it is preferable that the conveyor 2 includes small rollers 201, a roller connecting shaft 202, a conveyor driving shaft 203, a conveyor housing 204, and a conveyor pulley 205;

the small rollers 201 are connected in series on the roller connecting shaft 202 and can rotate around the shaft to reduce the friction force when the tail vegetables move forward and increase the speed of conveying the tail vegetables forward; two ends of the roller connecting shaft 202 are respectively connected with the inner wall of the conveying device shell 204; the roller connecting shaft is connected with the conveying device shell and can independently rotate to move for stringing small rollers; the conveying device driving shaft 203 is arranged in the conveying device shell 204, and the upper surface of the conveying device driving shaft 203 and the upper surface of the small roller 201 are positioned on the same horizontal plane to drive the tail vegetables on the surface to move forwards and enter the feeding opening 101 of the peeling barrel 1; the conveyor housing 204 is connected to the harvester frame while providing support for the interior; the conveying device belt wheel 205 is connected with the conveying device driving shaft 203 and is used for driving the driving shaft to rotate; preferably, the number of the conveying device driving shafts 203 is two, the surface of each conveying device driving shaft is roughened, the conveying device driving shafts are installed in the conveying device shell 204, and the conveying device belt wheel 205 is a double-groove flat belt wheel.

Preferably, the advancing speed of the conveyor 2 for conveying the tail dishes is lower than the speed of the tail dish conveyor 103 for conveying the tail dishes. According to the invention, the delivery device is used for receiving the tail vegetables transferred by the lifting device, the drive shaft of the delivery device is used for rotating to transfer the tail vegetables into the peeling barrel, the advancing speed of the delivery device for delivering the tail vegetables is lower than the speed of the delivery device for delivering the tail vegetables, the blockage of the feeding port of the peeling barrel for the tail vegetables is avoided, and the rapid automatic feeding function of the peeling device is realized.

As shown in fig. 8, according to the present embodiment, it is preferable that the transmission device 3 includes a conveyor conveying shaft, a first transmission case 402, a second transmission case 403, a first belt 404, a second belt 405, a third belt 406, and an intermediate pulley 407;

the driving mechanism is connected with the input end of the first gearbox 402 through two-stage belt transmission; the output end of the first gearbox 402 is connected with the input end of the second gearbox 403, the output end of the second gearbox 403 is connected with an intermediate belt wheel 407 through a first belt 404, one end of the intermediate belt wheel 407 is connected with the conveying device driving shaft 203 through a second belt 405, and the other end of the intermediate belt wheel 407 is connected with a driving roller 1035 of the tail dish conveying device 103 through a third belt 406. The middle belt wheel 407 is a three-groove belt wheel, and can prevent the peeling cylinder 1 from being damaged due to overload during peeling operation by using belt transmission, and when the tail vegetables are accidentally blocked in the peeling cylinder, the belt transmission is overloaded, and the belt wheel slips, so that the annular peeling knife 104 is prevented from being damaged.

According to the embodiment, the harvester also comprises a tail vegetable skin discharging guide plate 5, wherein the tail vegetable skin discharging guide plate 5 is installed on the frame of the harvester and is positioned below the peeling barrel shell 102. Preferably, the two sides of the tail vegetable skin discharging guide plate 5 are fixedly connected with a vertical rod of the harvester frame through a bearing seat. Preferably, the tail vegetable skin discharging guide plate 5 is horizontally at an angle of 45 degrees with the horizontal plane, and is used for receiving the tail vegetable skins of broccoli falling from the skin removing cylinder and discharging the tail vegetable skins to one side of the machine body for returning the tail vegetable skins to the field.

According to this embodiment, preferably, the feeding opening 101 has a conical shape, and has a diameter of 115mm on one side adjacent to the conveying device 2 and a diameter of 65mm on the other side, and the side extending into the peeling cylinder abuts against the annular rubber sleeve 1036; the diameter of the peeling barrel shell 102 is 320mm, the front-back length is 1300mm, and the thickness is 4mm; the output port 105 is similar to the feed port 101 in shape, is conical in shape, extends into the peeling barrel and is abutted against one side of the annular rubber sleeve, the diameter of the side of the annular rubber sleeve is 115mm, the diameter of the other side of the annular rubber sleeve is 65mm, and the output port is sleeved with the broccoli tail vegetable.

According to the embodiment, the tail dish conveying devices 103 are preferably evenly distributed in the peeling cylinder 1, and in consideration of installation matching with the annular peeling knife 104, 9 groups are preferably installed, the knife surfaces are vertical to the horizontal plane, the adjacent distance is 135mm, and the adjacent tail dish conveying devices 103 are connected through belt transmission. The two transfer rollers 1035 have a diameter of 40mm, and it is preferable that the two transfer rollers are spaced apart from each other by 105mm in consideration of the diameter range of broccoli tail. The outer diameter of the annular rubber sleeve 1036 is 80mm, the inner diameter of the annular rubber sleeve 1036 is 40mm, and rubber with high elasticity is selected. Considering the elasticity of the rubber to hold broccoli over a large diameter range, it is preferable that the peeling holes 106 have a diameter of at least 25mm and a diameter of at most 65mm to satisfy the diameter range of broccoli. Because the diameter of transfer roller 1035 is 60mm, choose the bearing of hole diameter 60mm for use, the bearing of internal diameter 60mm is installed to two downthehole settings about bearing frame 1033, and the diameter of hole all is 80mm, matches with the bearing size of choosing for use, supports two transfer rollers 1035, and two hole distance is 105mm, and the interval looks adaptation between transfer roller 1035. The gear 1034 is in up-and-down meshing transmission, the gear 1034 is connected with the transmission roller 1035, when the belt pulley drives the upper transmission roller 1035 to rotate, the gear 1034 on the other side of the transmission roller 1035 is driven to rotate at the same time, the gear is meshed up and down to drive the lower gear to rotate, and therefore the lower transmission roller and the upper transmission roller are driven to rotate in opposite directions, therefore, the center distance of the selected gear is 105mm, the gear 1034 selects the gear with the modulus of 7 and the tooth number of 30, the gears meshed up and down select the same gear, the rotating speeds of the gears are the same, and the rotating speeds of the transmission rollers 1035 are the same and the directions are opposite. The peeling barrel belt pulley 1032 is a double-groove flat belt pulley, and is alternately installed to realize series transmission.

In this embodiment, preferably, the upper and lower transfer rollers 1035 of the 9 groups of tail dish conveying devices rotate in opposite directions to clamp and forward drive the tail dishes, the rubber sleeves 1036 are arranged on the transfer rollers 1035 in an interference fit manner, and the rubber sleeves 1036 have elasticity to ensure that the tail dishes with different diameters can be clamped, and meanwhile, the tail dishes are prevented from being damaged, so that the automatic and rapid forward conveying function of the tail dishes of the peeling device is realized.

In this embodiment, preferably, the cutting edges of the peeling blades are at an angle of 15 degrees with the advancing direction, and the plurality of groups of blades are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction and form an approximately circular peeling hole in a surrounding manner, so as to peel broccoli waste. According to the embodiment, preferably, 8 groups of annular peeling knives are arranged, are uniformly distributed in the peeling barrel in the front-back and circumferential directions, and 16 blades are spaced at an angle of 22.5 degrees in pairs, so that peeling in 16 directions can be realized.

A limiting through hole is formed in the center of the inner circle of the annular fixing support 1041, is connected with the inner circle wall of the annular fixing support 1041 through a connecting rod and is used for limiting the broccoli preliminarily and sending the broccoli into a transfer roller, so that the broccoli is just positioned in the peeling hole 106 and moves forwards;

the annular peeling knife 104 further comprises a double torsion spring 1042; one end of the double-twisted spring 1042 is connected with the annular fixed support 1041, the other end is connected with the peeling knife rest, the peeling blade 1044 is fixed at the end of the peeling knife rest 1043, the peeling blade is embedded into a gap at the end of the peeling knife rest 1043 and fixed, and a contact force exists between the peeling blade and a round hole at the center of the annular fixed support 1041, so that the double-twisted spring 1042 is in a tightened state, the force in the double-twisted spring 1042 can be automatically adjusted according to the force to peel off the tail vegetables, and meanwhile, when the double-twisted spring 1042 extends outwards under the pushing of the tail vegetables, the opposite peeling knife rest 1043 can be driven to open towards two sides, so that the broccoli tail vegetables with larger diameter can smoothly pass through and the peeling process can be completed. The front side of the peeling knife rack 1043 is U-shaped, and can be provided with a peeling blade 1044, and the back side is provided with a boss for providing a fixing position for the double-torsion spring 1042.

Because of the friction force for transporting the broccoli tail to the front and the friction force for peeling the tail, according to the present embodiment, it is preferable that the annular fixing bracket 1041 has enough strength, the outer diameter of the annular fixing bracket 1041 is 280mm, the inner diameter is 220mm, the width is 50mm, and considering that the diameter of the broccoli tail rarely exceeds 65mm, the middle circular hole is 65mm. The U-shaped distance at the front end of the peeling knife rest is 90mm, and the U-shaped distance is matched with the length of the peeling knife 104 which is 94 mm. The annular peeling knife 104 has 2 blades oppositely arranged on the peeling knife holder 1043, the inclination angle of the peeling blade 1044 to the movement direction of the vegetable is 15 degrees, and the proper blade angle is easy to reduce the peeling resistance. Considering that the average length of broccoli tail is 100-150mm, 8 groups of annular peeling knives and 16 blades are arranged in the peeling cylinder 1, and 8 pairs of blades are circumferentially arranged and uniformly distributed on a 360-degree circumferential angle. Finally, the front and back equidistance between 8 pairs of blades is 105mm, the angles between 16 blades are 22.5 degrees, 16-degree peeling can be realized, and the whole and full-covering peeling can be carried out on the periphery of broccoli tailed vegetable. In this embodiment, preferably, 8 groups of annular peeling knives are circumferentially arranged, and two blades are installed on each group of annular peeling knives, so that the blades at 16 angles are uniformly distributed in the axial direction and the circumferential direction, and the peeling process of the pickled cabbage is completed. The blades and the knife rest of the annular peeling knife are connected with the annular fixing support 1041 through the double-torsion spring 1042, so that the size of the peeling hole can be adjusted, and the annular peeling knife can be suitable for broccoli tail vegetables with different diameters.

According to the embodiment, preferably, the front and back lengths of the conveying device 2 are 450mm, the width is 100mm, the height is 100mm, the conveying device is matched with the overall dimension of broccoli tail vegetables, the front and back distance of the small rollers 201 is 30mm, the left and right distance is 21mm, the front and back rows of the roller connecting shafts are 8, the front and back sides are 4, 3 rows are arranged between the two conveying device driving shafts 203, the length of the broccoli tail vegetables is generally 100mm-150mm, the distance between the conveying device driving shafts 203 is 150mm, and the conveying device 203 and the upper surfaces of the small rollers 201 are in the same plane, so that the broccoli tail vegetables can be conveniently conveyed forwards. The conveying device driving shaft 203 is subjected to surface roughening treatment, the friction force between broccoli tail vegetables and the conveying device driving shaft is increased, the advancing speed of the broccoli in the tail vegetable conveying device 2 can be increased, the output port position of the conveying device 2 is tightly attached to the feeding port 101 of the peeling cylinder 1, and the broccoli tail vegetables can conveniently and rapidly enter the peeling cylinder 1.

Preferably, the rotating speed is matched with the rotating speed required by the preorder process, the output rotating speed of the gearbox 403 is 360r/min, the diameter of a belt wheel connected with the output shaft is 70mm, the diameter of a belt wheel connected with the conveying shaft 203 of the conveying device is 110mm, the diameter of a belt wheel connected with the tail dish conveying device 103 is 70mm, the rotating speed of the conveying shaft 203 of the conveying device is 230r/min, the rotating speed of the tail dish conveying device is 360r/min, the transmission speed of the conveying device is smaller than that of the conveying device in the peeling barrel, and the phenomenon that the tail dishes are blocked at the feeding port 101 can be avoided. The intermediate pulley 407 is a three-groove pulley, and is connected to the tail dish conveying device 103, the conveying device conveying shaft 203, and the transmission case 2 403, respectively. The diameter of the intermediate belt wheel 407 is the same as the belt wheel connected to the conveyor 103, and is 70mm, and the rotation speed is 360r/min. The band pulley that gearbox 403 output shaft is connected is double flute V type belt pulley, and the distance that the band pulley of gearbox output shaft connection carried axle 203 is far away from conveyor, and the band pulley of chooseing for use is longer, installs a take-up pulley on conveyor 2's below frame, prevents to cause because of the band pulley transmission distance is too far and skids.

Preferably, the peeling holes 106 are approximate circles formed by surrounding blades with 16 angles and matching up and down 9 groups of transfer rollers 1035, the interval angle between every two peeling blades 1044 is 22.5 degrees, the peeling holes are used for peeling broccoli in 16 directions, the broccoli can be peeled in a full-covering mode, and the peeling holes 106 are limited up and down by the broccoli conveying device 103 and a round hole in the middle of the annular fixing support 1041.

Preferably, the peeling holes are 1080mm long in front and back, are matched with the length of the machine body, and are also long enough for broccoli with the length of 100mm-150mm to pass through and complete peeling. The blades constituting the peeling hole 106 are coupled to the double torsion spring 1042 so that the peeling hole diameter can be varied. When broccoli enters the peeling barrel 1, the broccoli is clamped by the tail vegetable conveying device 103 and conveyed forwards, when broccoli tail vegetables with larger diameters appear, the annular rubber sleeve 1036 can clamp the tail vegetables more tightly, the friction force between the tail vegetables and the annular rubber sleeve 1036 is larger, and the advancing direction of the annular peeling knife has larger force and can push the peeling blade 1044 forwards, so that the peeling knife rest 1043 is pushed away towards two sides, and meanwhile, due to the double-torsion spring 1042, the peeling blade 1044 can be more tightly attached to the outer skin surface of the broccoli tail vegetables, and peeling operation is completed. Therefore, the peeling holes 106 can be suitable for broccoli tail vegetables with different diameters, the diameter range is 25mm-65mm, the diameter range is large, and the peeling requirements of the broccoli peeling tail vegetables with different diameters can be met.

The invention has the following concrete field working processes:

the broccoli is firstly cut by a reciprocating cutting knife device 11 of the harvester, and then picked up by a telescopic pickup device 10 and fed into a feeding screw conveyor 9. The feeding auger 9 conveys the broccoli to the harrow bar type conveying device 8, and then the broccoli longitudinally conveyed by the harrow bar type conveying device 8 falls into the leaf peeling device 6. The leaf stripping device 6 strips the residual branches and leaves on the broccoli tail so as to only leave the tail roots. The peeled residual leaves are collected by a residual leaf collecting box and used as renewable energy. The broccoli roots stripped by the leaf stripping device are conveyed through the Z-shaped bucket lifting device 7, the broccoli tails are conveyed into the conveying device 2 by the Z-shaped bucket lifting device 7, are conveyed into the stripping cylinder 1 through the feeding opening 101 to be stripped under the rotation driving of the conveying device driving shaft 203, are clamped and conveyed forwards by the multiple groups of tail vegetable conveying devices 103, are stripped through the multiple groups of annular stripping knives 104 for multiple angles, and finally enter the broccoli tail vegetable collecting box after the stripping process is completed, so that the combined harvesting of the broccoli tail vegetables is completed, the stripped peels can leak from the lower part of the stripping cylinder 1 after being stripped by the stripping cylinder 1, fall into the tail vegetable peel discharging guide plate 5, and are discharged to the right side of the machine body through the tail vegetable peel discharging guide plate 5, so that the broccoli tail vegetable peels can fall into the ground and are returned to the field.

Aiming at the problem that the existing broccoli tail vegetable harvesting equipment cannot complete a field peeling process, so that the labor cost in subsequent tail vegetable processing is increased, the invention designs the peeling device which can be installed on the existing broccoli tail vegetable harvesting equipment, so that the labor intensity of manual peeling is reduced, the operation intensity of peeling the harvested tail vegetables is effectively reduced, and the harvesting and processing efficiency of the broccoli tail vegetables is improved.

It should be understood that although the present description has been described in terms of various embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein may be combined as suitable to form other embodiments, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.

The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of possible embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A peeling device applied to harvest broccoli tail vegetables is characterized by comprising a peeling barrel (1) and a driving mechanism; the peeling drum (1) comprises a feeding port (101), a peeling drum shell (102), a tail vegetable conveying device (103), an annular peeling knife (104) and an output port (105); the feeding opening (101) is arranged at one end of the peeling barrel shell (102); the output port (105) is arranged at the other end of the peeling barrel shell (102); the tail vegetable conveying device (103) is arranged in the peeling barrel shell (102), the tail vegetable conveying device (103) comprises a plurality of groups of driving rollers (1035) which are arranged up and down, the annular peeling knives (104) are respectively arranged behind each group of driving rollers (1035), and the driving rollers (1035) are connected with the driving mechanism.

2. The debarking assembly applied to broccoli tail harvest of claim 1, wherein the tail dish transfer assembly (103) further comprises a debarking drum belt (1031), a debarking drum belt (1032), a bearing housing (1033), and a gear (1034);

the peeling barrel belt (1031) is connected with the peeling barrel belt wheel (1032) and is positioned on one side of the leather barrel shell (102); the gear (1034) is positioned on the other side outside the peeling barrel shell (102); the bearing seats (1033) are arranged on two sides of the peeling barrel shell (102); two ends of the transfer roller (1035) are respectively arranged on the bearing seats (1033), one end of the lower transfer roller (1035) is connected with the peeling barrel belt wheel (1032), the other end of the lower transfer roller (1035) is connected with the gear (1034), one end of the upper transfer roller (1035) is connected with the other gear (1034), the corresponding gears (1034) at the upper part and the lower part are meshed, and the rotation directions are opposite to drive the upper transfer roller (1035) and the lower transfer roller (1035) to rotate in opposite directions.

3. The debarking assembly for broccoli tail harvest of claim 2, wherein the transfer roller (1035) has an annular rubber sleeve (1036) mounted thereon.

4. The debarking arrangement applied to broccoli harvest as recited in claim 1, wherein each group of the annular peeling knives (104) comprises an annular securing bracket (1041), a peeling knife holder (1043) and a pair of peeling blades (1044); the annular fixed support (1041) is connected with the inner wall of the peeling barrel shell (102); the pair of peeling blades (1044) are oppositely arranged on the peeling knife rest (1043) and a channel is reserved in the middle, the peeling blades (1044) of each group of annular peeling knives (104) are staggered in installation angle on the peeling knife rest (1043), so that the peeling blades (1044) of the groups of annular peeling knives (104) form a cutting channel in the peeling cylinder shell (102), and a circular peeling hole (106) with blades on the circumference is formed when one end of the peeling cylinder shell (102) is seen inwards.

5. The peeling device applied to broccoli tail harvest as recited in claim 4, wherein a limiting through hole is formed in the center of the inner circle of the annular fixing support (1041) and corresponds to the position of the channel, and the limiting through hole is connected with the inner circular wall of the annular fixing support (1041) through a connecting rod.

6. The peeling apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the ring-shaped peeling knife (104) further comprises a double torsion spring (1042); one end of the double-torsion spring (1042) is connected with the annular fixed bracket (1041), and the other end is connected with the peeling knife rest (1043).

7. A harvester, characterized in that it comprises a decorticating device for broccoli harvest as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, a conveying device (2) and a transmission device (3); the peeling cylinder (1) and the conveying device (2) are respectively arranged on the harvester, the output end of the conveying device (2) is connected with the feeding port (101) of the peeling cylinder (1), the input end of the conveying device (2) is connected with the output end of the lifting device, and the input end of the lifting device is connected with the conveying device of the harvester;

the driving roller (1035) of the peeling drum (1) and the conveying device (2) are respectively connected with the driving mechanism through the driving device (3).

8. The harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that the conveyor (2) comprises small rollers (201), a roller connecting shaft (202), a conveyor driving shaft (203), a conveyor housing (204) and a conveyor pulley (205); the small rollers (201) are connected in series on the roller connecting shaft (202); two ends of the roller connecting shaft (202) are respectively connected with the inner wall of the conveying device shell (204); the conveying device driving shaft (203) is arranged in a conveying device shell (204), and the upper surface of the conveying device driving shaft (203) and the upper surface of the small roller (201) are in the same horizontal plane; the conveying device shell (204) is connected with the harvester frame; the conveyor pulley (205) is connected to a conveyor drive shaft (203).

9. A harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that the transmission (3) comprises a conveyor transport shaft, a first gearbox (402), a second gearbox (403), a first belt (404), a second belt (405), a third belt (406) and an intermediate pulley (407);

the driving mechanism is connected with the input end of a first gearbox (402) through two-stage belt transmission; the output end of the first gearbox (402) is connected with the input end of the second gearbox (403), the output end of the second gearbox (403) is connected with an intermediate belt wheel (407) through a first belt (404), one end of the intermediate belt wheel (407) is connected with the driving shaft (203) of the conveying device through a second belt (405), and the other end of the intermediate belt wheel (407) is connected with a driving roller (1035) of the tail dish conveying device (103) through a third belt (406).

10. A harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that it further comprises a tail vegetable skin discharge guide (5), said tail vegetable skin discharge guide (5) being mounted on the harvester frame below the debarking drum housing (102).

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