CN115568304A - Method for breaking dormancy of sedum aizoon seeds - Google Patents
Method for breaking dormancy of sedum aizoon seeds Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
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- A01N45/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breaking the dormancy of sedum aizoon seeds, which comprises the following steps: 4 steps of seed collection and collection, seed pretreatment, naOH treatment and seed germination treatment. The Carex fusca seeds were germinated by soaking the seeds for 2h with 20% sodium hydroxide and then in gibberellin at a concentration of 100. Mu. Mol/L or fluazinone at a concentration of 10. Mu. Mol/L. The germination rate can be improved from 0% to 52-72% by using gibberellin wetting treatment, and the germination rate can be improved to 80-96% by using fluopyridone wetting treatment; the germination can be rapidly promoted, the germination can occur in the first day of the experiment at the fastest speed, and the germination rate can reach 28-48% (gibberellin) and 68-84% (fluazinone) after 10 days; the seed germination is obviously promoted. In addition, the method is simple to operate, low in risk coefficient and low in cost, and can be used for promoting the seed germination method in the indoor germination experiment of the carex brevicaulis and filling the theoretical blank of the carex brevicaulis for the seed inspection regulation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant planting, and particularly relates to a method for breaking dormancy of carex fuscous seeds.
Background
The Carex atrofusca is perennial herb of Cyperaceae, and is mainly distributed on about 3000m mountain beam and hillside in Gansu (region outside Qinling), qinghai, sichuan, yunnan, tibet and other provinces (regions), and the grasslands are alpine meadows, low-land meadows and mountain meadows. The seeds of the sedum aizoon are light brown trigone oval small nuts. At present, the research on the black-brown sedge is few, and a method for breaking the dormancy of black-brown sedge seeds is not reported.
The seed dormancy is the phenomenon that the viable seeds can not normally germinate in a certain time period under the appropriate conditions. Dormancy is mainly to maintain the growth and development of the seeds of the plants in the adverse living environment, and can prevent the plants from germinating in inappropriate seasons, and is the capacity of the plants to gradually form in order to resist the external adverse environment, and has important significance for self-reproduction. Seed dormancy is mainly affected by the genetic characteristics of the plant and environmental factors (e.g., temperature, water, and light, etc.). Lang classifies dormancy into 3 types of ecological dormancy, exogenous dormancy, and endogenous dormancy. Nikolaeva considers that seed dormancy is composed of 3 main types of endogenous dormancy, exogenous dormancy, and integrated dormancy. The exogenous dormancy comprises physical dormancy, chemical dormancy and mechanical dormancy; endogenous dormancy, including morphological dormancy and physiological dormancy, is caused by immature embryos or by the impermeability of the seed coat; integrated dormancy is a combination of exogenous dormancy and endogenous dormancy. Based on Nikolaeva, the American famous seed ecology specialist Baskin & Baskin further divides dormancy into five types of physical dormancy, physiological dormancy, morphological physiological dormancy and composite dormancy. The current methods for breaking seed dormancy are roughly divided into three types: one is a physical method. Including mechanical treatment, temperature treatment and lamination treatment; the second is a chemical method, which mainly comprises hormone, inorganic reagent and organic chemical agent treatment; and thirdly, comprehensive treatment. The dormancy of most plant seeds is caused by various reasons, so that the single treatment effect may not be obvious, and various methods are often adopted to remove the dormancy together.
The prior patent related to the technology of the application:
a method for improving germination uniformity of Sequoia fortunei comprises: drying seeds in the sun and removing wings, obtaining seeds with high plumping rate, breaking sleep at low temperature, removing fat by warm soup, soaking the seeds in clear water, treating the seeds by medicaments, densely sowing the seeds in a sand bed and the like, but the whole treatment period of the method is too long. Wherein the low-temperature treatment takes 45-60 days. The method has multiple steps, only breaks through the seed dormancy step, and adopts multiple steps of breaking the dormancy at low temperature, soaking seeds in warm water, removing fat by sodium hydroxide, soaking seeds in clear water, soaking seeds in gibberellin and the like, thereby consuming energy. And the conditions are set again, and only the temperature is related to low temperature, warm water and growth temperature. Most importantly, the germination rate of the method is high enough as a field sowing treatment, but the germination rate is still low when the method is used for seed inspection, and the method is not suitable for dormancy breaking treatment of the moss seeds.
A method for breaking dormancy of Geranium graveolens seeds comprises: seed pretreatment, gibberellin solution soaking and seed sand storage treatment. The method also has the advantages that the treatment time is too long, the sand storage treatment lasts for 45-65 days, the energy is consumed, the concentration of the gibberellin used in the operation process is 350-550 mg/L and is higher than the common hormone treatment by one-digit order, the hormone with too high concentration can have negative effects, the germination effect is not prominent enough, the germination rate is only improved to 65-75%, and the germination time is still slow although the germination time is advanced from 22d to 15 d.
A seedling raising method for Carex fuscata seeds requires 98% of H 2 SO 4 Soaking the seeds or soaking the seeds with NaOH to ensure that the seeds are quickly germinated and accelerated to germinate, and the germination rate of the germinated seeds for 10 days reaches 47.9-65.1 percent. In the operation of breaking off the seed coat of the carex fuscoglosa, the concentrated sulfuric acid treatment has certain danger, the treatment concentration of the sodium hydroxide is not determined, the germination rate is low, the germination process depends on more reagent types, and only the seed germination process needs H 2 SO 4 Or NaOH, gibberellin, and rooting powder.
The three prior art seed dormancy breaking methods related to the invention usually take a long time, namely days in short and more than two months in long. Is still acceptable in actual production, but a rapid and efficient germination method is needed in the indoor germination experiment and the seed inspection process. Based on the analysis, a method for breaking the dormancy of the black-brown carex seeds, which can effectively improve the germination rate of carex seeds, is simple, has low gibberellin use concentration and does not have negative effects on seed germination, is urgently needed in the current industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects, the invention aims to explore the method for breaking the sedum aizoon seed dormancy, which is convenient to operate, simple in steps, time-saving and labor-saving, and can quickly realize high germination rate in an indoor experimental environment. Meanwhile, the blank situation that the sedge aizoon seeds are destroyed by dormancy can be filled, and the germination rate of the seeds is improved. The method is expected to provide data support and theoretical basis for indoor seed germination test and seed inspection work, and provides an idea for breaking the dormancy of the seeds of the carex plants, even sedge plants or other alpine meadow plants.
The invention is realized by the following technical means:
a method of breaking the dormancy of sedge aizoon seeds comprising:
(1) Collecting and collecting seeds: collecting Carex fusca in Tibet region, removing bracts of Carex fusca seeds, selecting out shriveled seeds and impurities, and storing the plump mature seeds in a refrigerator at 4 deg.C for use.
(2) Pretreatment of seeds: treating the seeds with 75% alcohol for 30s, taking out, washing with distilled water for 3-5 times, disinfecting with 1.0% sodium hypochlorite solution for 1min, and washing with distilled water for later use.
(3) NaOH treatment: using 10-30 percent NaOH solution to fully immerse the seeds, wherein the liquid level is 1cm higher than the seeds, soaking for 1-10 h, washing for 3-5 times by using distilled water after the soaking is finished, and wiping for later use.
Further, the mass fraction of the NaOH is 20%, and the soaking time is 2h.
(4) And (3) germination treatment: adopting a double-layer paper germination method, uniformly placing seeds treated by NaOH in a culture dish, adding 5mL of germination liquid for wetting treatment, carrying out a germination test in a constant-temperature illumination incubator, and periodically adding distilled water during the test.
Furthermore, gibberellin (GA) is selected as the germinating liquid 3 ) Or Fluazinone (FL).
Furthermore, the concentration of the gibberellin is 50 to 500 mu mol/L; the concentration of the fluazinone is 10-100 mu mol/L.
Furthermore, the gibberellin concentration is 100 mu mol/L, and the fluopyridone concentration is 10 mu mol/L.
Further, the incubator conditions are as follows: the light treatment is carried out for 16h, the dark treatment is carried out for 8h, and the temperature of the constant temperature box is 25 ℃.
Further, the germination test days are 28 days.
Further, the NaOH soaking treatment was carried out at 20% for 2 hours in combination with 100. Mu. Mol/L of GA 3 After treatment, the germination rate of the Carex fusca seeds is improved from 0% to 52-72%.
Further, the germination rate of the Carex fusca seeds was increased from 0% to 80-96% by combining NaOH soaking treatment at 20% for 2 hours with FL treatment at 10. Mu. Mol/L.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method is the first exploration for breaking the dormancy of the black-brown carex seeds for the first time, and fills the blank of research on breaking the dormancy of the black-brown carex seeds. Meanwhile, the method is convenient to operate, simple, short in time consumption and easy to popularize; and the influence of trace hormone does not have excessive negative influence on the environment.
The method adopts the matching of sodium hydroxide and gibberellin/fluazinone to break the seed dormancy of the black-brown sedge for the first time (the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 10-30%, the treatment time is 1-10 h, the concentration of the gibberellin is 50-500 mu mol/L, and the concentration of the fluazinone is 10-100 mu mol/L), can obviously break the seed dormancy of the black-brown sedge, and can obviously improve the germination rate from 0% to 52-72% (100 mu mol/L gibberellin wetting treatment), can be applied to actual production processes and indoor seed germination experiments, or can be improved to 80-96% (10 mu mol/L fluazinone wetting treatment), and can be applied to seed inspection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the germination rate and viability of seeds treated with NaOH; wherein: the abscissa "x-y" represents the sodium hydroxide treatment concentration and time, "x" is the sodium hydroxide concentration, and "y" is the treatment time. For example: "20-2" means "20% NaOH treatment 2h".
FIG. 2 is the germination rate of gibberellin-soaked seeds after the treatment with sodium hydroxide; wherein: in the abscissa, "N" represents sodium hydroxide treatment, "G" represents gibberellin, and the number represents the gibberellin concentration in. Mu. Mol/L. The letters "a" etc. in the figure indicate the significance of the difference between the different treatments (p < 0.05).
FIG. 3 shows the germination rate of seeds soaked with fluazinone after the treatment with NaOH; wherein: "F" represents fluazinone, and the numbers represent gibberellin concentration in μmol/L.
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the optimal germination percentage for the main treatments.
Detailed Description
The concept and the technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following embodiments to fully understand the objects, features and effects of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive efforts are within the protection scope of the present invention based on the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
A method of breaking the dormancy of sedge aizoon seeds comprising:
(1) Collecting and collecting seeds: the test material was mature seeds of bryophora nigricans. Collected in the Tibet region in 2019, and stored in a refrigerator at 4 deg.C. The bracts of the seeds are removed by other treatments except the non-peeling treatment.
(2) Pretreatment of seeds: putting the sedum fulvescens into a beaker, treating seeds for 30s by using 75% alcohol, taking out, washing 3-5 times by using distilled water, then disinfecting for 1min by using a sodium hypochlorite solution with the mass fraction of 1.0%, and washing by using the distilled water for later use.
(3) Primary treatment of seeds: grass seeds with bract; grass seed (CK) from which bracts are removed; seed coat treatment seeds are scratched; distilled water treatment 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10h, naOH treatment 4, 6, 8, 10h,20% NaOH treatment 2, 4, 6, 8h,30% NaOH treatment 1, 2, 4, 6h;
(4) Wetting and germinating seeds: according to the result of the step (3) (wherein the result of the sodium hydroxide treatment is shown in detail in fig. 3, and the result of the seed coat laceration is shown in detail in fig. 4), the optimal treatment is selected: treated with 20% NaOH for 2h.
After NaOH treatment for 2 hours at 20% by volume, gibberellin (GA) was added 3 ) 10, 20, 50 and 100 mu mol/L and 10, 20, 50 and 100 mu mol/L of fluazinone. Each treatment was performed in 3 replicates and 50 filled mature seeds were picked in each replicate.
(5) Seed germination conditions are as follows: placing all the treated culture dishes in a constant-temperature illumination incubator for germination test, wherein the culture conditions are as follows: light 16h, dark 8h,25 ℃. And (4) taking the radicle breaking through the seed coat as a germination standard, observing and recording the number of germinated seeds every day, and continuously recording for 28 days.
Test example 1
And (3) measuring germination experiment related indexes:
the correlation calculation formula includes:
germination potential (Germination potential) = number of seeds normally germinated on the 4 th day/number of test seeds × 100%;
germination rate (Germination) = number of seeds normally germinated on 10 th day/number of test seeds × 100%;
peak value of germination (Peak value of germination) = number of seeds with maximum germination/number of days taken to reach maximum germination x 100%;
index of germination
Gt is the number of germinated seeds on the t day; dt is germination days.
Test example 2
And (3) determining the seed viability:
cutting the non-germinated seeds, placing the seeds on a dropping plate, dropping 0.5% TTC solution, and placing the dropping plate in a constant-temperature incubator at 37 ℃ to incubate for 6h in a dark place. The seeds were washed, the staining of the embryos recorded, and the viability of the non-germinated seeds was calculated.
Viability of non-germinated seeds = number of non-germinated seeds stained/number of non-germinated seeds 100%
Dormancy of part of the seeds under the sodium hydroxide treatment can be broken, but germination rate is not high, and high concentration and long time seed soaking treatment can cause loss of seed viability. The optimum sodium hydroxide treatment was 20% NaOH treatment for 2h, and the germination percentage was constant and the decrease in seed viability was small, as shown in FIG. 1.
As is clear from the results in FIG. 2, the treatment was carried out by using 20% NaOH for 2 hours, and then using Gibberellins (GA) at different concentrations (10, 20, 50, 100. Mu. Mol/L) 3 ) And the seed soaking germination treatment of Fluazinone (FL), which shows that the difference between the gibberellin treatment with low concentration and the sodium hydroxide treatment is not great, but the germination rate reaches 52-72% with increasing concentration to 100. Mu. Mol/L, and the average is 58.67%. The results in fig. 3 show that the germination rates of the fluazinone treated product with respect to sodium hydroxide are all significantly improved, and even at a concentration of 10 μmol/L, the germination rates can be as high as 80 to 96%, and the average germination rate is 86.67%.
From the results of FIG. 4, it was found that the optimum concentrations and germination rates of CK, hot water treatment, seed coat cutting, sodium hydroxide treatment, sodium hydroxide + gibberellin treatment, and sodium hydroxide + fluazinone treatment were compared: the difference between the seed coat scratching and the sodium hydroxide treatment is not obvious but is far higher than the contrast, which indicates that the sodium hydroxide treatment is used for breaking the seed coat; the germination rate of the fluazinone treatment is significantly higher than that of the gibberellin treatment, and the germination rate of the gibberellin treatment is also significantly higher than that of the sodium hydroxide treatment. The high germination rate after the treatment of the fluazinone can be used for the quality inspection of indoor seeds.
In conclusion, the method adopts the sodium hydroxide and the gibberellin/the fluazinone to be matched and applied to the seed dormancy breaking of the carex fuscophylla (the concentration of the sodium hydroxide is 10-30%, the processing time is 1-10 h, the concentration of the gibberellin is 50-500 mu mol/L, and the concentration of the fluazinone is 10-100 mu mol/L), can remarkably break the seed dormancy of the carex fuscophylla, remarkably improve the germination rate from 0% to 52-72% (100 mu mol/L gibberellin wetting treatment), can be applied to actual production processes and indoor seed germination experiments, or improve the germination rate to 80-96% (10 mu mol/L fluazinone wetting treatment), and can be applied to seed inspection.
Besides, the invention can also adopt other mechanical methods or strong acid and strong alkali methods to treat the seed coat, including but not limited to seed coat scratching, seed coat breaking by concentrated sulfuric acid and the like, and then gibberellin (50-500 mu mol/L) or fluazinone (10-100 mu mol/L) is used for promoting germination.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of breaking sedge nigricans seed dormancy, comprising:
(1) Collecting and collecting seeds;
(2) Pre-treating seeds;
(3) NaOH treatment; and
(4) Treating the germination liquid;
wherein, the germinating liquid is selected from: gibberellin or fluazinone.
2. The method of breaking dormancy of Carex fusca seeds of claim 1, wherein:
the step (1) of seed collection and collection comprises:
removing bracts of Carex fusceolata seeds collected in Tibet region, selecting mature and plump seeds, and storing in refrigerator at 4 deg.C for use.
3. The method of breaking dormancy of Carex fusca seeds of claim 1, wherein:
the seed pretreatment in the step (2) comprises the following steps:
soaking the seeds in 75% alcohol for 30s, taking out, washing with distilled water for 3-5 times, disinfecting with 1.0% sodium hypochlorite solution for 1min, and washing with distilled water for later use.
4. The method of breaking dormancy of black moss seeds of claim 1, wherein:
the NaOH treatment in the step (3) comprises the following steps:
and (3) fully immersing the seeds in NaOH solution, wherein the liquid level is 1cm higher than the seeds, washing the seeds for 3-5 times by using distilled water after the seed immersion is finished, and wiping the seeds for later use.
5. The method of breaking dormancy of Carex fusca seeds of claim 4, wherein:
the mass fraction of NaOH is 10-30%; the soaking time is 1-10 h.
6. The method of breaking dormancy of Carex fusca seeds of claim 5, wherein:
the mass fraction of NaOH is 20%; the soaking time is 2h.
7. The method of breaking dormancy of Carex fusca seeds of claim 1, wherein:
the step (4) of treating the germination liquid comprises the following steps:
adopting a double-layer paper germination method, uniformly placing the seeds treated by NaOH in a culture dish, adding gibberellin or fluazinone for wetting, and carrying out a germination test in a constant-temperature illumination incubator.
8. The method of breaking dormancy of black moss seeds of claim 7, wherein:
the addition amount of the gibberellin is 5mL, and the concentration is 50-500 mu mol/L;
the addition amount of the fluazinone is 5mL, and the concentration is 10-100 mu mol/L.
9. The method of breaking dormancy of black moss seeds of claim 8, wherein:
the concentration of the gibberellin is 100 mu mol/L; the concentration of the fluazinone was 10. Mu. Mol/L.
10. The method of breaking dormancy of Carex fusca seeds of claim 7, wherein:
the incubator conditions are as follows: the light treatment is carried out for 16 hours, the dark treatment is carried out for 8 hours, and the temperature is 25 ℃;
the germination test time was 28 days.
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| CN101411260A (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2009-04-22 | 中国农业大学 | Carex rigescens seed germinating method and uses thereof |
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| JP2014183754A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2014-10-02 | Iwate Univ | Method for shortening one breeding cycle of rosaceae fruit tree |
| CN109757149A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-05-17 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of method that brown squama sedge seed is sprouted |
| CN112970373A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-18 | 北京市农林科学院 | Carex viridis seed initiator and using method thereof |
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2022
- 2022-09-09 CN CN202211106205.9A patent/CN115568304A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101411260A (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2009-04-22 | 中国农业大学 | Carex rigescens seed germinating method and uses thereof |
| US20120167248A1 (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2012-06-28 | Basf Plant Science Company Gmbh | Regulatory Nucleic Acid Molecules for Enhancing Constitutive Gene Expression in Plants |
| JP2014183754A (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2014-10-02 | Iwate Univ | Method for shortening one breeding cycle of rosaceae fruit tree |
| CN109757149A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-05-17 | 中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 | A kind of method that brown squama sedge seed is sprouted |
| CN112970373A (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2021-06-18 | 北京市农林科学院 | Carex viridis seed initiator and using method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 周芝琴 等: ""莎草科４种植物种子休眠与萌发特性的研究"", 《西北植物学报》, vol. 33, no. 9, pages 1885 - 1890 * |
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