CN115557522A - 一种大比表面积球状水滑石的制备方法及其在矿化去除重金属污染物中的用途 - Google Patents
一种大比表面积球状水滑石的制备方法及其在矿化去除重金属污染物中的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115557522A CN115557522A CN202211345051.9A CN202211345051A CN115557522A CN 115557522 A CN115557522 A CN 115557522A CN 202211345051 A CN202211345051 A CN 202211345051A CN 115557522 A CN115557522 A CN 115557522A
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- spherical hydrotalcite
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- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
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- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
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- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005216 hydrothermal crystallization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
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- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
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- YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
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- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical group Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 3
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- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种大比表面积球状水滑石的制备方法及其在矿化去除重金属污染物中的用途。球状水滑石的化学式为:[M2+ 1‑xN3+ x(OH)2]x+·(An‑)x/n·mH2O或[M2+ 1‑xY4+ x(OH)2]2x+·(An‑)2x/n·mH2O;M2+选自Zn2+、Mg2+和Ca2+;N3+选自Fe3+、Al3+;Y4+为Ti4+;An‑是SO4 2‑或CO3 2‑。粒径为50‑800nm,壁厚≤5nm,比表面积≥100m2/g。本发明采用双层微乳方法,通过调控表面活性剂和共表面活性剂的比例,实现限域空间的调控,达到球状LDH的可控合成,在吸附矿化重金属方面具有极其优越的性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及吸附剂技术领域,具体涉及一种大比表面积球状水滑石的制备方法及其在矿化去除重金属污染物中的用途。
背景技术
球状材料,因为其相比体相块体材料具有独特的物化特征,因为其表面丰富的基团、高的比表面体相比例,以及丰富的晶格缺陷,在吸附等方面引起了广泛的关注和应用。如申请号为201510005317.9的专利公开了一种水滑石量子点催化剂及其制备方法和电催化分解水产氧应用;该材料作为光电催化剂用于电解水产氧。球状材料具有较高的比表面积,除了作为催化剂使用,还可以作为吸附剂使用。
近些年,环境污染是困扰人类可持续发展的难题。特别是近些年重金属离子排放,导致土壤和水体污染。土壤中重金属污染物的毒性主要取决于重金属的赋存状态:游离态的重金属离子易被农作物吸收而造成危害;当处于沉淀状态时,重金属离子难以被农作物吸收,阻断了重金属在农作物中富集的途径,可以显著降低重金属的危害。基于此原理,如果调变LDHs结构组成,能够将镉、镍、铜、砷、汞和铅等重金属离子锚定在主体结构晶格中,使其溶度积常数(Ksp)较相应的氢氧化物(~10-20)低数十个数量级(可达10-40~10-50),可显著降低重金属离子在环境中的迁移性和生物有效性,在土壤修复等领域具有广泛应用。因此,需要一种大比表面积球状水滑石,通过矿化除去重金属污染物,实现环境修复。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术,本发明的目的是提供一种大比表面积球状水滑石的制备方法及其在矿化去除重金属污染物中的用途。本发明提供一种大比表面积球状水滑石。该材料粒径为50-800nm,部分呈空心球,其壁厚为≤5nm,在吸附矿化重金属方面具有极其优越的吸附性能。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
本发明的第一方面,提供一种大比表面积球状水滑石,所述球状水滑石的化学式为[M2+ 1-xN3+ x(OH)2]x+·(An-)x/n·mH2O或者[M2+ 1-xY4+ x(OH)2]2x+·(An-)2x/n·mH2O;
其中M2+选自Zn2+、Mg2+和Ca2+中的一种或几种;N3+选自Fe3+、Al3+中的一种或几种;Y4 +为Ti4+;An-是SO4 2-或CO3 2-;x≤1;n为阴离子的化合价数,m为结晶水数量,m≤10。
优选的,所述球状水滑石的粒径为50-800nm,部分呈空心球,其壁厚≤5nm,比表面积≥100m2/g。
其中ZnTi-LDH、MgAl-LDH等为空心球体,MgFe-LDH为实心球体。
优选的,所述球状水滑石由以下方法制备:
向微乳液中加入二价金属盐,待二价金属盐完全溶解后加入三价金属盐或四价钛盐;待三价金属盐或四价钛盐溶解后,水热晶化;采用异丁醇与水的混合溶液进行离心清洗,最后采用异丁醇洗涤,干燥得到产物,即为大比表面积球状水滑石。
优选的,所述微乳液的制备方法为:将异辛烷、去离子水和十二烷基硫酸钠混合均一,然后缓慢加入1-丁醇和CH2Cl2,搅拌至澄清,得到微乳液。
优选的,所述异辛烷、去离子水、十二烷基硫酸钠、1-丁醇和CH2Cl2的加入量之比为(0.2~80)mL:(0.2~2.0)mL:(0.12~2.16)g:(0.5~2.0)mL:(0.05~2.0)mL。
优选的,所述二价金属盐为硫酸盐或氯化盐;
更为优选的,所述二价金属盐为硫酸锌、氯化锌、硫酸镁、氯化镁、硫酸钙和氯化钙中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述三价金属盐为硫酸铝、氯化铝、硫酸铁、氯化铁中的一种或几种;所述四价钛盐为四氯化钛或钛酸四丁脂。
优选的,所述二价金属盐与三价金属盐或四价钛盐的加入量的摩尔比为1-5:1。
优选的,所述水热晶化的温度为80-120℃,时间为5-40h。
本发明的第二方面,提供球状水滑石在矿化去除重金属污染物中的用途,将球状水滑石分散于含有重金属的水体中,即可实现重金属的去除。
本发明的有益效果:
(1)本发明采用双层微乳方法,通过调控表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠和由异辛烷,1-丁醇和CH2Cl2组成的共表面活性剂的比例,使得共表面活性剂与表面活性剂协同作用,共同起到调控LDH形貌的作用,异辛烷,1-丁醇和CH2Cl2的加入对LDH的晶面生长有调节作用,可以实现限域空间的调控,达到球状LDH的可控合成。
(2)本发明制备的球状水滑石,因为表面弯曲,表面含有丰富的缺陷位,具有大的表面积,以及良好的吸附性能。
附图说明
图1为实施例1-3所获得的球状水滑石产物的XRD谱图(曲线a-c分别对应实施例1-3所获得的球状水滑石产物的XRD谱图);
图2为实施例1所获得的球状ZnTi-LDH材料的扫描电镜图;
图3为实施例2所获得的球状MgFe-LDH材料的扫描电镜图;
图4为实施例3所获得的球状MgAl-LDH材料的扫描电镜图;
图5为传统对比样品,采用共沉淀得到的片状ZnTi-LDH扫描电镜图;
图6为实施例1所获得的球状中空ZnTi-LDH材料的透射电镜图;(a)比例尺为50nm的透射电镜图,(b)比例尺为20nm的透射电镜图,(c)比例尺为10nm的透射电镜图;
图7为实施例2所获得的球状MgFe-LDH材料的透射电镜图;
图8为实施例3所获得的球状MgAl-LDH材料的透射电镜图;
图9为实施例1(球状ZnTi-LDH)、实例2(MgFe-LDH),实例3(MgAl-LDH)及对比样品ZnTi-LDHs去除水中100ppm Cu2+重金属性能图(曲线b-d分别对应实施例1、2、3,曲线e代表对比例1制备的ZnTi-LDH吸附去除性能图)。
具体实施方式
应该指出,以下详细说明都是例示性的,旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明,本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
为了使得本领域技术人员能够更加清楚地了解本申请的技术方案,以下将结合具体的实施例详细说明本申请的技术方案。
本发明实施例中所用的试验材料均为本领域常规的试验材料,均可通过商业渠道购买得到。
实施例1
1.ZnTi-LDH球状水滑石材料的制备:
将异辛烷50ml、1.1ml去离子水加入到烧瓶中,表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠1.08g加入到三口烧瓶中搅拌至溶液均一;缓慢加入1-丁醇1.5ml,2.0ml CH2Cl2溶液,搅拌至澄清,即得微乳液;将0.002mol的ZnSO4·6H2O和0.002mol TiCl4加入到上述配制的微乳液中,待盐溶解后,加入沉淀剂尿素1.08g,95℃晶化回流45h。
反应完成后,产物抽滤,用体积比为1:1的去离子水和乙醇的混合溶液离心洗涤3次,再用无水异丁醇洗涤1次,离心,60℃干燥14h,即得到球型ZnTi-LDH产物。
上述制备的球型ZnTi-LDH化学式为[Zn2+ 1-xTi4+ x(OH)2]2x+·(CO3 2-)x·mH2O,其中x=0.5;m为结晶水数量,取值为4。
将ZnTi-LDH材料应用于吸附矿化溶液中的Cu离子,将40mg吸附剂(ZnTi-LDH)投入烧杯中,加入40mL pH=5的含有100ppm的Cu2+重金属离子溶液,将该混和物置于磁力搅拌器上,以750rpm min-1的转速搅拌不同时间,取出体系中上清液定量分析测定其重金属离子浓度。
对材料进行表征:图1中曲线a为实施例1制备的ZnTi-LDH球状产物的XRD谱图。由图1可知,通过调控水滑石层板元素组成,可形成良好的水滑石结构,其(003),(006),(110)特征峰明显,不可避免的,有少量ZnO和TiO2杂质。图2显示实施例1制备的ZnTi-LDHs球状材料的直径大小大约为50~100nm,其含有大量的孔道结构。由图6可知,该类球状材料为空心结构,壁厚大约15nm。图9中曲线b显示,ZnTi-LDH球状材料在240min,即可处理76%的Cu2+。以上说明ZnTi-LDH球状材料具有十分优异的去除水体重金属污染物的能力。
实施例2
MgFe-LDH球状水滑石材料的制备:
将异辛烷50ml、1.1ml去离子水加入到烧瓶中,表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠1.08g加入到三口烧瓶中搅拌至溶液均一;缓慢加入1-丁醇1.5ml,CH2Cl2 2mL搅拌至澄清,即得微乳液;将0.002mol的MgSO4·6H2O和0.001mol的FeCl3·6H2O加入到上述配制的微乳液中,待盐溶解后,加入沉淀剂尿素1.08g,95℃晶化回流45h。
反应完成后,产物抽滤,用体积比为1:1的去离子水和异丁醇的混合溶液离心洗涤3次,再用无水异丁醇洗涤1次,离心,60℃干燥14h,即得到球型MgFe-LDH产物。
上述制备的MgFe-LDs球型化学式为[Mg2+ 1-xFe3+ x(OH)2]x/2+·(CO3 2-)x/2·mH2O,其中x=0.33;m为结晶水数量,取值为0.33。
将上述方法制备得到的MgFe-LDH材料应用于吸附矿化溶液中的Cu离子,将40mg吸附剂(MgFe-LDHs)投入烧杯中,加入40mL pH=5的含有100ppm的Cu2+重金属离子溶液,将该混和物置于磁力搅拌器上,以750rpm min-1的转速搅拌不同时间,取出体系中上清液定量分析测定其重金属离子浓度。
对材料进行表征:图1中曲线b为MgFe-LDH球状产物的XRD谱图。由图1可知,通过调控水滑石层板元素组成,可形成良好的水滑石结构,其(003),(006),(110)特征峰明显。图3显示得到的MgFe-LDHs球状材料的直径大小大约为200nm–1000nm。由图7可知,该类球状材料为实心结构。图9中曲线c显示,MgFe-LDH球状材料在120min,即可处理99%的Cu离子。以上说明MgFe-LDH球状材料具有十分优异的去除水体重金属污染物的能力。
实施例3
MgAl-LDH球状水滑石材料的制备:
将异辛烷50ml、1.1ml去离子水加入到烧瓶中,表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠1.08g加入到三口烧瓶中搅拌至溶液均一;缓慢加入1-丁醇1.5ml,CH2Cl2 2mL;搅拌至澄清,即得微乳液。将0.002mol的MgSO4·6H2O和0.002mol的Al2(SO4)3·6H2O加入到上述配制的微乳液中,待盐溶解后,加入沉淀剂尿素1.08g,90℃晶化回流45h。
反应完成后,产物抽滤,用体积比为1:1的去离子水和异丁醇的混合溶液离心洗涤3次,再用无水异丁醇洗涤1次,离心,60℃干燥14h,即得到球型MgAl-LDH产物。
上述制备的MgAl-LDHs球型材料的化学式为[Mg2+ 1-xAl3+ x(OH)2]x+·(CO3 2-)x/2·mH2O,其中x=0.5;m为结晶水数量,取值为4。
对材料进行表征:图1中曲线c为MgAl-LDHs球状产物的XRD谱图。由图1可知,通过调控水滑石层板元素组成,可形成良好的水滑石结构,其(003),(006),(110)特征峰明显。图4显示得到的MgAl-LDH球状材料的直径大小大约为200nm。由图8可知,该类球状材料为空心结构。图9曲线d显示,MgAl-LDH球状材料在120min,即可处理99%的Cu离子。以上说明MgAl-LDH球状材料具有十分优异的去除水体重金属污染物的能力。
实施例4
CaAl-LDH球状水滑石材料的制备:
将异辛烷50ml、1.1ml去离子水加入到烧瓶中,表面活性剂十二烷基硫酸钠1.08g加入到三口烧瓶中搅拌至溶液均一;缓慢加入1-丁醇1.5ml,CH2Cl2 2mL搅拌至澄清,即得微乳液;将0.002mol的CaCl2·6H2O和0.002mol的AlCl3加入到上述配制的微乳液中,待盐溶解后,同时滴加NaOH,使溶液pH维持在12,室温晶化回流45h。
反应完成后,产物抽滤,用体积比为1:1的去离子水和异丁醇的混合溶液离心洗涤3次,再用无水异丁醇洗涤1次,离心,60℃干燥14h,即得到球型CaAl-LDHs产物。
上述制备的CaAl-LDH球型材料的化学式为[Ca2+ 1-xAl3+ x(OH)2]x+·(CO3 2-)x/2·mH2O,其中x=0.5;m为结晶水数量,取值为4。
对比例1
按照申请号为201510005317.9一种水滑石量子点催化剂及其制备方法和电催化分解水产氧应用中实施例1的方法配置微乳液:
将异丙醇5mL、油胺oIeyIamine 8mL、4mL去离子水加入到烧瓶中,搅拌至溶液均一,即得微乳液环境。
将0.002mol的ZnSO4·6H2O和溶解于CH2Cl2溶液的0.002mol的TiCl4(浓度为1mol/L)加入到上述配制的微乳液中,待盐溶解后,加入沉淀剂尿素1.08g,95℃晶化回流45h。
反应完成后,产物抽滤,用体积比为1:1的去离子水和乙醇的混合溶液离心洗涤3次,再用无水异丁醇洗涤1次,离心,60℃干燥14h,即得到ZnTi-LDH。
将对比例制备的ZnTi-LDH材料应用于吸附矿化溶液中的Cu离子,将40mg吸附剂(ZnTi-LDH)投入烧杯中,加入40mL pH=5的含有100ppm的Cu2+重金属离子溶液,将该混和物置于磁力搅拌器上,以750rpm min-1的转速搅拌不同时间,取出体系中上清液定量分析测定其重金属离子浓度。图9中曲线e显示,对比例制备的ZnTi-LDH球状材料在240min,只能处理26%的Cu2+。
对比例2
与实施例1的区别在于:不添加表面活性剂。
对比例3
与实施例1的区别在于:不添加由异辛烷,1-丁醇和CH2Cl2组成的共表面活性剂。
对比例2~3制备的ZnTi-LDH无法形成曲面,得到球状材料,其比表面积也很小,按照实施例1的方法进行Cu2+吸附,对比例2的去除率为16%;对比例3的去除率仅为9%。
对比例4
与实施例1的区别在于:增加表面活性剂的用量,十二烷基硫酸钠的用量增加至3.0g。
对比例5
与实施例1的区别在于:增加共表面活性剂的用量,异辛烷的用量增加至100ml、1-丁醇的用量增加至2.5ml,CH2Cl2的用量增加至2.5ml。
对比例4~5改变共表面活性剂与表面活性剂用量比之后,得到的ZnTi-LDH球状材料,其直径在200~500nm之间。按照实施例1的方法进行Cu2+吸附,对比例3的去除率为36%;对比例3的去除率为34%。
本发明制备的系列球状水滑石材料,因为其主体层板组成不同,赋予了其独特的吸附特性。含有Mg,Ca的LDH,因为层板元素氧化还原特性较弱,其在溶液中容易溶出,在矿化取出重金属离子方面具有独特的优势。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本申请,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种大比表面积球状水滑石,其特征在于,所述球状水滑石的化学式为[M2+ 1-xN3+ x(OH)2]x+·(An-)x/n·mH2O或者[M2+ 1-xY4+ x(OH)2]2x+·(An-)2x/n·mH2O;
其中M2+选自Zn2+、Mg2+和Ca2+中的一种或几种;N3+选自Fe3+、Al3+中的一种或几种;Y4+为Ti4+;An-是SO4 2-或CO3 2-;x≤1;n为阴离子的化合价数,m为结晶水数量,m≤10。
2.根据权利要求1所述的大比表面积球状水滑石,其特征在于,所述球状水滑石的粒径为50-800nm,其壁厚≤5nm,比表面积≥100m2/g。
3.根据权利要求1所述的大比表面积球状水滑石,其特征在于,所述球状水滑石由以下方法制备:
向微乳液中加入二价金属盐,待二价金属盐完全溶解后加入三价金属盐或四价钛盐;待三价金属盐或四价钛盐溶解后,水热晶化;采用异丁醇与水的混合溶液进行离心清洗,最后采用异丁醇洗涤,干燥得到产物,即为大比表面积球状水滑石。
4.根据权利要求3所述的大比表面积球状水滑石,其特征在于,所述微乳液的制备方法为:将异辛烷、去离子水和十二烷基硫酸钠混合均一,然后缓慢加入1-丁醇和CH2Cl2,搅拌至澄清,得到微乳液。
5.根据权利要求4所述的大比表面积球状水滑石,其特征在于,所述异辛烷、去离子水、十二烷基硫酸钠、1-丁醇和CH2Cl2的加入量之比为(0.2~80)mL:(0.2~2.0)mL:(0.12~2.16)g:(0.5~2.0)mL:(0.05~2.0)mL。
6.根据权利要求3所述的大比表面积球状水滑石,其特征在于,所述二价金属盐为硫酸盐或氯化盐;
优选的,所述二价金属盐为硫酸锌、氯化锌、硫酸镁、氯化镁、硫酸钙和氯化钙中的一种或几种。
7.根据权利要求3所述的大比表面积球状水滑石,其特征在于,所述三价金属盐为硫酸铝、氯化铝、硫酸铁、氯化铁中的一种或几种;所述四价钛盐为四氯化钛或钛酸四丁脂。
8.根据权利要求3所述的大比表面积球状水滑石,其特征在于,所述二价金属盐与三价金属盐或四价钛盐的加入量的摩尔比为1-5:1。
9.根据权利要求3所述的大比表面积球状水滑石,其特征在于,所述水热晶化的温度为80-120℃,时间为5-40h。
10.权利要求1~9任一项所述的球状水滑石在矿化去除重金属污染物中的用途,其特征在于,将权利要求1~9任一项所述的球状水滑石分散于含有重金属的水体中,即可实现重金属的去除。
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