CN115553135A - Double-ridge operation straw returning device - Google Patents

Abstract

A straw returning device for double-ridge operation, belonging to agricultural machinery; the straw crushing device comprises a rack and a three-point suspension bracket, wherein a movable cutter and a fixed cutter straw crushing mechanism is installed at the front end of the bottom of the rack, a flexible elastic finger mechanism is installed in the middle of the rack and can throw straws backwards, and a straw transverse throwing mechanism is installed at the rear of the rack. When the straw is returned to the field, the machine tool is powered by a power output shaft of a tractor, the front movable cutter and fixed cutter straw crushing mechanism crushes the straws, the middle flexible elastic finger mechanism throws the straws to the rear part, then the throwing mechanism at the rear part transversely displaces the straws, and the straws can be thrown from a ridge to a furrow or from the ridge to the ridge by changing the turning direction of the throwing mechanism, so that various agricultural requirements are met. The whole operation process is coherent, the stubble crushing and the straw throwing can be realized through one-time ground feeding, the working efficiency is high, and the time and the labor are saved.

Description

Double-ridge operation straw returning device

Technical Field

The invention relates to agricultural mechanical equipment, in particular to a straw returning device for double-ridge operation.

Background

The horizontal straw returning machine of traditional unipolar that adopts most of straw treatment mode carries out broken handle to the straw, and this mode leads to the straw to smash not enough to broken straw distributes at random in ridge platform and furrow is difficult to carry out unified processing to the straw according to the agronomy requirement, leads to the straw returning to the field quality poor, returns the inefficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a straw returning device for double-ridge operation, which aims to solve the technical problems of insufficient straw crushing, random straw distribution and low returning efficiency in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a straw returning device for double-ridge operation is characterized in that: the power of a tractor is input by a power input shaft 4, the power input shaft 4 transmits the power to a straw crushing driving shaft 35 and a speed reducer 1 through a speed reducer 2, wherein four gear boxes 34 (36) (45) (46) are installed on the straw crushing driving shaft, the straw crushing driving shaft 35 transmits the power to movable cutter groups 24 (26) (27) (29) through the gear boxes 36 (45), a fixed cutter group 25 (28) is fixedly installed through a fixed shaft 43 (38), a straw fairing 18 (21) is installed on the upper portion of a movable fixed cutter straw crushing device 7, the straw crushing driving shaft 35 transmits the power to a cam shaft 9 (5) through the gear boxes 34 (46), the cam shaft 9 drives a cam 8 to move, the cam shaft 5 drives a cam 6 to move, the cam 8 and the cam 6 respectively push a support beam 16 and a support beam 23 to drive a unidirectional straw push shovel 17 (22) to move in a translation mode, and the unidirectional straw push shovel 17 (22) does reciprocating motion under the action of a tension spring group 30 (53); the flexible throwing device comprises a speed reducer 1, a flexible elastic finger mechanism 33, a throwing device power transmission shaft 48, a throwing device driving shaft 31, a straw transverse throwing mechanism 51, a straw fairing 11 and a sliding fairing 13 (14), wherein the speed reducer 1 transmits power to the flexible elastic finger mechanism 33 and the throwing device power transmission shaft 48, the flexible elastic finger mechanism 33 throws the chopped straws at the front to the rear to realize longitudinal displacement of the straws, the throwing device power transmission shaft 48 transmits power to the speed reducer 15, the speed reducer 15 transmits power to the throwing device driving shaft 31 and controls the steering of the throwing device driving shaft 31, two gear boxes 32 (49) are installed on the throwing device driving shaft 31, the gear boxes 32 (49) respectively drive the throwing mechanism 52 (50) to move, and the upper part of the straw transverse throwing mechanism 51 is provided with the straw fairing 11 and the sliding fairing 13 (14);

the motor 20 arranged on the frame 12 transmits power to the two half-tooth gears 60 (54) through the half-tooth gear driving shaft 10 (41), the racks 57 (62) are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the supporting beam 56, the two half-tooth gears 60 (54) are respectively meshed with the racks 57 (62), the supporting beam 56 drives the bidirectional straw push shovel 19 to move, the two half-tooth gears 60 (54) have opposite steering directions, when the half-tooth gears 60 are meshed with the racks 57, the half-tooth gears 54 and the racks 62 are in a non-meshing area, and when the half-tooth gears 54 are meshed with the racks 62, the half-tooth gears 60 and the racks 57 are in a non-meshing area, so that the reciprocating motion of the bidirectional straw push shovel 19 is realized;

the transverse stalk throwing device 51 comprises a set of symmetrical throwing mechanisms 50 (52), the throwing mechanisms 50 (52) comprise a throwing rack 67, a throwing rotating shaft 69 and throwing claws 70, a plurality of long claw extension springs 64 and a plurality of short claw extension springs 68 are installed on two sides of the throwing claws 70, the throwing rack 67 is installed on the throwing rotating shaft 69, the throwing claws 70 are installed on the throwing rack 67, branches are arranged on the tops of the throwing claws 70 and are respectively the throwing claw long claws 66 and the throwing claw short claws 65, and the throwing claw long claws 66 side and the throwing claw short claws 65 side are respectively connected with the long claw extension springs 64 and the short claw extension springs 68 and the throwing rack 67. The throwing mechanisms 50 (52) can be regulated and controlled by the speed reducer 15 to turn, when the two throwing mechanisms 50 (52) rotate inwards at the same time, the throwing claw short claws 65 touch the ground along with the rotation of the throwing rotating shaft 69, the short claw extension springs 68 stretch and store energy, the throwing claw short claws 65 change from rotary motion to translational motion to scrape straws, and when the elastic force of the short claw extension springs 68 is greater than the resistance of the ground, the throwing claw short claws 65 change from translational motion to rotary motion and release the elastic potential energy of the short claw extension springs 68 to throw the straws from the ridge to the furrow; when the two throwing mechanisms 50 (52) rotate outwards simultaneously, the throwing claw long claws 66 touch the ground along with the rotation of the throwing rotating shaft 69, the long claw extension springs 64 stretch and store energy, the throwing claw long claws 66 convert the rotary motion into the translational motion to scrape the straws, and when the elastic force of the long claw extension springs 64 is greater than the resistance of the ground, the throwing claw long claws 66 convert the translational motion into the rotary motion and release the elastic potential energy of the long claw extension springs 64 to scrape the straws from furrows to the ridge platforms; the straw fairing 11 is installed on the upper portion of the straw transverse throwing device 51, the sliding fairings 13 (14) are installed on two sides of the middle of the straw fairing 11, the sliding fairings 13 (14) slide in a sliding rail of the straw fairing, when the two throwing mechanisms 50 (52) rotate inwards at the same time, straws are raked to furrows from ridge platforms, the middle of the furrows is a furrow, flow guiding is not needed, the sliding fairings 13 (14) are located at the highest position in the sliding rail, when the two throwing mechanisms rotate outwards at the same time, the sliding fairings 13 (14) are located at the lowest position in the sliding rail for preventing the straws of the furrows on two sides from being thrown to the furrows in the middle.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention innovatively designs a movable and fixed cutter straw crushing device 7 with a good straw crushing effect, designs a straw push-shovel group 17 (19) (22) to improve the efficiency of the movable and fixed cutter straw crushing device 7, designs a transverse straw throwing mechanism 51, realizes the purpose of digging straws from a ridge to a furrow or from the furrow to the ridge by using the length of a throwing claw in a throwing mechanism 50 (52), and ensures the returning efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a straw returning device for double-ridge operation;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a straw returning apparatus for double-ridge operation;

FIG. 3 is a bottom view of a straw returning apparatus for double-ridge operation;

FIG. 4 is a rear view of a straw returning apparatus for double-ridge operation;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a bidirectional straw pushing shovel;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the shedding mechanism;

FIG. 7 is an isometric view of the shedding mechanism;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the powertrain configuration.

Description of part numbers in the figures:

1. <xnotran> 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 38, 41, 43, 45, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 60, 61, 62, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, </xnotran>

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1-8, the straw returning device of the present invention comprises a frame 12, the frame 12 is connected with a tractor by a three-point suspension 3, the power of the tractor is input by a power input shaft 4, the power input shaft 4 transmits the power to a straw crushing drive shaft 35 and a speed reducer 1 through the speed reducer 2, wherein four gear boxes 34 (36) (45) (46) are installed on the straw crushing drive shaft 35, the straw crushing drive shaft 35 transmits the power to movable cutter groups 24 (26) (27) (29) through the gear boxes 36 (45), fixed cutter groups 25 (28) are respectively installed and fixed through fixed shafts 43 (38), a straw fairing 18 (21) is installed on the upper portion of a movable fixed cutter straw crushing device 7, the straw crushing drive shaft 35 transmits the power to a cam shaft 9 (5) through the gear boxes 34 (46), the cam shaft 9 drives a cam 8 to move, the cam shaft 5 drives a cam 6 to move, the cam 8 and the cam 6 respectively push a support beam 16 and the support beam 23 to drive a unidirectional straw push shovel 17 (22) to move horizontally, and under the action of a stretching spring group 30 (53), the unidirectional push the unidirectional straw 17 (22) to move, the movable cutter group 24) and the shovel 24 and rotate the fixed cutter group to the inner area to crush the straw by inertia, and the fixed cutter group to rotate the fixed cutter group to crush the straw; the motor 20 arranged on the frame 12 transmits power to the two half-tooth gears 60 (54) through the half-tooth gear driving shaft 10 (41), the racks 57 (62) are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the supporting beam 56, the two half-tooth gears 60 (54) are respectively meshed with the racks 57 (62), the supporting beam 56 drives the bidirectional straw pushing shovel 19 to move, the two half-tooth gears 60 (54) are opposite in steering direction, when the half-tooth gears 60 are meshed with the racks 57, the half-tooth gears 54 and the racks 62 are in a non-meshing area, and when the half-tooth gears 54 are meshed with the racks 62, the half-tooth gears 60 and the racks 57 are in the non-meshing area, so that the reciprocating motion of the bidirectional straw pushing shovel 19 is realized, straws outside the rotating radius of the movable cutter group 26 (27) are pushed into the rotating radius, the straws in the rotating radius are shoveled by the movable cutter group 26 (27), and the straws are driven to the crushing area to be combined with the fixed cutter group 25 (28) to be crushed by means of inertia; the speed reducer 1 transmits power to the flexible elastic finger mechanisms 33 and the throwing device power transmission shaft 48, the flexible elastic finger mechanisms 33 throw the chopped straws at the front part to the rear part to realize longitudinal displacement of the straws, the throwing device power transmission shaft 48 transmits the power to the speed reducer 15, the speed reducer 15 transmits the power to the throwing device driving shaft 31 and controls the steering of the throwing device driving shaft 31, so that the steering of the two throwing mechanisms 50 (52) is controlled, two gear boxes 32 (49) are arranged on the throwing device driving shaft, the gear boxes 32 (49) respectively drive the throwing mechanisms 52 (50) to move, and the straw fairing 11 and the sliding fairing 13 (14) are arranged at the upper part of the transverse straw throwing mechanism 51;

the transverse straw throwing device 51 consists of a group of symmetrical throwing mechanisms 50 (52), each throwing mechanism 50 (52) consists of a throwing rack 67, a throwing rotating shaft 69 and a throwing claw 70, a plurality of long claw extension springs 64 and a plurality of short claw extension springs 68 are arranged on two sides of each throwing claw 70, each throwing rack 67 is arranged on each throwing rotating shaft 69, each throwing claw 70 is arranged on each throwing rack 67, branches are arranged at the top of each throwing claw 70 and respectively form a long throwing claw 66 and a short throwing claw 65, the long throwing claw 66 side and the short throwing claw 65 side are respectively connected with the long claw extension springs 64 and the short claw extension springs 68 and the throwing rack 67, the throwing mechanism 50 (52) can be controlled by a speed reducer 15 to turn, when ridge straw is required to be cleaned to a ridge ditch, the two throwing mechanisms 50 (52) simultaneously rotate inwards, the throwing rotating shafts 69 rotate, the short claw extension springs 65 contact with the ground, the short claw extension springs 68 stretch and store energy, the throwing claws 65 are pulled to move horizontally, the short claws 65 are changed into translational motion, and the short claw extension springs 68 are used for taking short claws 68, and release the elastic resistance of the throwing claws 68 when the ridge straw to the ground, and the short claws 68 are released, and the throwing mechanism is more than the rotational resistance of the short claws 68; when furrow straws are required to be raked to a ridge platform, when the two throwing mechanisms 50 (52) rotate outwards simultaneously, the throwing claw long claws 66 touch the ground along with the rotation of the throwing rotating shaft 69, the long claw extension springs 64 stretch and store energy, the throwing claw long claws 66 convert rotary motion into translational motion to rake the straws, and when the elastic force of the long claw extension springs 64 is greater than the resistance of the ground, the throwing claw long claws 66 convert the translational motion into rotary motion and release the elastic potential energy of the long claw extension springs 64 to rake the furrow straws to the ridge platform; the straw fairing 11 is installed on the upper portion of the straw transverse throwing device, the sliding fairings 13 (14) are installed on two sides of the middle of the straw fairing 11, the sliding fairings 13 (14) slide in a sliding rail of the straw fairing, when the two throwing mechanisms 50 (52) rotate inwards at the same time, straws are raked to furrows from ridge platforms, the middle furrows are furrows, flow guiding is not needed, the sliding fairings 13 (14) are located at the highest positions in the sliding rail, when the two throwing mechanisms 50 (52) rotate outwards at the same time, the straws of the furrows on two sides are prevented from being thrown to the furrows in the middle, the sliding fairings 13 (14) are located at the lowest positions in the sliding rail, and flow guiding is conducted on the straws.

The present embodiment is not intended to limit the shape, material, structure, etc. of the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present invention are all within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a two ridge operation straw returning device, includes frame 12 and three point mounted frame 3, its characterized in that, the bottom forward-mounted of frame 12 moves stationary knife straw breaker 7, move stationary knife straw breaker 7 and push away shovel group 17 (19) (22) by moving knife tackle 24 (26) (27) (29), stationary knife tackle 25 (28) and straw and constitute, the bottom mid-mounting of frame has flexible bullet to indicate mechanism 33 for realize the displacement behind the straw, the bottom rear portion of frame is installed the horizontal mechanism 51 of shedding of straw, is used for realizing the horizontal displacement of straw, frame 12 on still install power transmission system, power transmission system and move stationary knife straw breaker 7, flexible bullet and indicate that mechanism 33, the horizontal mechanism 51 of shedding of straw link to each other, the portion installs straw radome fairing 11 (18) (21) around the organism.

2. The double-ridge operation straw returning device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the movable and fixed knife straw crushing device 7 comprises movable knife groups 24 (26) (27) (29), fixed knife groups 25 (28) and straw pushing and shoveling groups 17 (19) (22), the straw pushing and shoveling groups 17 (19) (22) comprise two unidirectional straw pushing and shoveling 17 (22) and bidirectional straw pushing and shoveling 19, the unidirectional straw pushing and shoveling 17 (22) are symmetrically arranged, support beams 16 and 23 are respectively fixed on straw rectifying covers 18 and straw rectifying covers 21 and respectively horizontally reciprocate under the driving of cams 8, cams 6, tension spring groups 30 and tension spring groups 53, two racks 57 (62) are respectively arranged above and below a support beam 56 of the bidirectional straw pushing and shoveling 19 and are respectively engaged with two half-tooth gears 60 (54), the bidirectional straw pushing and shoveling 19 horizontally reciprocate under the driving of the half-tooth gears 60 (54) and the racks 57 (62), the half-tooth gears 60 (54) are mounted on a rack, the two motors are respectively mounted on a machine frame, the two sides of the movable knife groups are symmetrically arranged, the movable knife groups are respectively, the movable knife groups are symmetrically arranged at intervals, and the movable knife groups 7 are respectively, and the movable knife groups are respectively arranged at two sides of the movable knife groups.

3. The double-ridge operation straw returning device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a transverse straw throwing mechanism 51 is installed at the rear part of the bottom of the frame 12 and consists of a set of symmetrical throwing mechanisms 50 (52), the throwing mechanism consists of a throwing rotating shaft 69, a throwing frame 67 and a throwing claw 70, the throwing claw 70 consists of a long throwing claw 66 and a short throwing claw 65, a plurality of long claw extension springs 64 and a plurality of short claw extension springs 68 are further installed at two sides of the throwing claw, the throwing mechanism can realize simultaneous inward rotation or simultaneous outward rotation under the control of the speed reducer 15, when the throwing mechanisms 50 (52) simultaneously rotate inward, the short throwing claws 65 can throw the straws of the ridge to the ridge, and when the throwing mechanisms 50 (52) simultaneously rotate outward, the long throwing claws 66 can rake the straws of the ridge to the ridge.

4. The double-ridge working straw returning device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power transmission system comprises a speed reducer 1 (2) (15), a gear box 32 (34) (36) (45) (46) (49), tractor power is input into the speed reducer 2 and the speed reducer 1 through a power input shaft 4, wherein the speed reducer 2 transmits power to a straw crushing driving shaft 35, the straw crushing driving shaft 35 transmits power to the movable and fixed cutter straw crushing device 7 through the gear box 36 (45), and the straw crushing driving shaft 35 transmits power to a cam shaft 9 (5) through the gear box 34 (46); the speed reducer 1 transmits power to the flexible elastic finger mechanism 33, the speed reducer 1 is connected with the speed reducer 15 through a throwing device power transmission shaft 48, the speed reducer 15 transmits the power to the throwing device driving shaft 31, and the throwing device driving shaft transmits the power to the straw transverse throwing mechanism 51 through a gear box 32 (49).

Images