CN115537698B - Hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant and hot-dip galvanizing method - Google Patents
Hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant and hot-dip galvanizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115537698B CN115537698B CN202211198945.XA CN202211198945A CN115537698B CN 115537698 B CN115537698 B CN 115537698B CN 202211198945 A CN202211198945 A CN 202211198945A CN 115537698 B CN115537698 B CN 115537698B
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- hot dip
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- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 188
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 alkyl glycoside Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000003270 potassium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011698 potassium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- MIMUSZHMZBJBPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methoxy-8-nitroquinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC(OC)=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C21 MIMUSZHMZBJBPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- DBJLJFTWODWSOF-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Ni]F DBJLJFTWODWSOF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CN1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 36
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 16
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- 125000003354 benzotriazolyl group Chemical class N1N=NC2=C1C=CC=C2* 0.000 description 7
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical class [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229960004011 methenamine Drugs 0.000 description 5
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000004066 1-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([*])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSEQHAPSDIEVCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N.[Zn+2] Chemical compound N.[Zn+2] NSEQHAPSDIEVCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BOIHVBIXDWFCLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N OCC([Na])[Na] Chemical class OCC([Na])[Na] BOIHVBIXDWFCLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated, e.g. for coating on selected surface areas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent and a hot-dip galvanizing method. The hot dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant comprises the following components in percentage by mass: sulfate: 5% -15%; stabilizing agent: 0.1 to 1 percent; corrosion inhibitor: 0.1 to 0.5 percent; and (2) a surfactant: 0.05 to 3 percent; water: the balance. The hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant takes sulfate as main salt, has simple formula and low cost, completely generates no smoke in the hot-dip galvanizing process, has good galvanizing effect and is suitable for large-scale industrial application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hot dip galvanizing, in particular to a hot dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant and a hot dip galvanizing method.
Background
Steel is easily corroded by corrosive media when exposed to natural environment, so that the service performance of the steel is damaged. The hot dip galvanizing technology can provide barrier protection and sacrificial anode protection for the steel, greatly improves the corrosion resistance of the steel, becomes the most widely applied steel corrosion protection technology at present, and is widely applied to the fields of electric power, traffic, communication, household appliances and the like (for example, expressway guardrails, extra-high voltage transmission towers, communication towers, lamp posts and the like).
Plating is an important pretreatment procedure in the hot dip galvanizing technology, and not only can remove oxides on the surface of a workpiece and protect the surface of the workpiece from oxidation before dip plating, but also can activate the surface of the workpiece and improve the wetting ability of zinc liquid to the workpiece, thereby improving the quality of a plating layer. The aqueous solution of zinc chloride and ammonium chloride is a common plating assistant agent at present, but a large amount of smoke is generated when a workpiece treated by the plating assistant agent is hot dip galvanized (the sources of the smoke mainly include two aspects, namely, the ammonium chloride in the plating assistant agent can be decomposed to generate hydrogen chloride and ammonia gas in the dip plating process, the two gases meet in the air to generate ammonium chloride white smoke, and on the other hand, chloride ions in the plating assistant agent can react with aluminum in a zinc bath to generate cyan aluminum chloride), so that the environment is seriously polluted, the health of a human body is endangered, and the environment-friendly development concept is not met. Therefore, the smokeless plating assistant becomes one of the research hot spots in the current hot dip galvanization industry.
CN 103173706A discloses a batch hot dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant, CN 108179368A discloses a non-zinc ammonium hot dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant, CN 103834888A discloses an ammonia-free plating assistant for hot dip galvanizing, and smoke generated by the plating assistants in the galvanizing process is less, but because the plating assistant is a main salt taking chloride as the plating assistant, aluminum chloride smoke can not be removed from the root, and non-smoke hot galvanizing can not be really realized.
Therefore, the development of the plating assistant agent which is completely smokeless in the hot dip galvanizing process, has good galvanizing effect and can effectively solve the problem of smoke pollution in the galvanizing process has very important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant and a hot-dip galvanizing method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the hot dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
Sulfate: 5% -15%;
Stabilizing agent: 0.1 to 1 percent;
Corrosion inhibitor: 0.1 to 0.5 percent;
and (2) a surfactant: 0.05 to 3 percent;
water: the balance.
Preferably, the sulfate is at least two of zinc sulfate, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate, and copper sulfate, and must contain zinc sulfate and ammonium sulfate.
Preferably, the total mass percent of zinc sulfate and ammonium sulfate in the sulfate is more than or equal to 50%.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the zinc sulfate to the ammonium sulfate is 1:1-5.
Preferably, the stabilizer is at least one of sodium fluoride, potassium fluoride, ammonium bifluoride and nickel fluoride.
Preferably, the corrosion inhibitor is at least one of disodium hydroxyethylidene, hexamethylenetetramine, benzotriazole and imidazoline.
Preferably, the surfactant is at least one of N-dodecyl dimethyl betaine, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, sodium dodecyl sulfate, phosphate and alkyl glycoside.
A hot-dip galvanizing method adopts the plating assistant agent in the plating assistant process as the hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent.
Preferably, a hot dip galvanization method comprises the steps of: the pH value of the plating assistant agent is regulated to 3.5-5.5, then the steel plating piece subjected to oil removal treatment and rust removal treatment is immersed into the plating assistant agent for plating assistance, then the steel plating piece is taken out and dried, then immersed into zinc liquid for dip plating, and finally the steel plating piece is taken out.
Preferably, the plating assisting is carried out at 20-80 ℃ for 10-180 s.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant takes sulfate as main salt, has simple formula and low cost, completely generates no smoke in the hot-dip galvanizing process, has good galvanizing effect and is suitable for large-scale industrial application.
Specifically:
1) The hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant adopts sulfate to replace zinc chloride and ammonium chloride in the traditional plating assistant, has the functions of cleaning, protecting and activating the surface of a plating piece, is completely smokeless in the dip plating process, and can solve the problem of smoke pollution in the dip plating process of the traditional plating assistant;
2) The price and the consumption of the sulfate in the hot dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent are far lower than those of zinc chloride and ammonium chloride in the traditional plating assistant agent, so that the production cost can be reduced;
3) The stabilizer in the hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent can form a layer of compact protective film on the surface of a plated part, so that the plated part can be prevented from being oxidized before dip plating and from being missed after dip plating;
4) The hot dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent is added with a trace amount of corrosion inhibitor, so that corrosion of the plating assistant agent to steel can be slowed down, the iron ion content in the plating assistant agent can be reduced, and the plating assistant effect is enhanced;
5) The surfactant in the hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent can greatly reduce the surface tension of the plating assistant agent, so that the uniformity and coverage of a salt film formed on the surface of a plated piece can be improved, and finally the wettability of the plating assistant agent on the surface of the plated piece can be improved;
6) Compared with the traditional plating assistant agent, the hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent provided by the invention has the advantages that the formed plating assistant salt film is more uniform and compact, and is favorable for preventing a plated part from being oxidized before dip plating, so that a flat, smooth and non-leakage galvanized layer can be obtained;
7) The preparation method of the hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent is simple, and the hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent is prepared by uniformly dispersing sulfate, a stabilizer, a corrosion inhibitor and a surfactant in water.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an external view of a plated layer formed on the surface of a steel sheet after plating assistance in the example.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated and described below in connection with specific examples.
Example 1:
a hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant agent, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 composition table of hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant agent
| Component (A) | Mass percent (%) |
| Zinc sulfate | 2 |
| Ammonium sulfate | 3 |
| Potassium sulfate | 3 |
| Sodium fluoride | 1 |
| Imidazolines | 0.1 |
| Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether | 0.1 |
| Water and its preparation method | 90.8 |
A hot dip galvanising method comprising the steps of:
The pH value of the hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent is regulated to 5.5 by using industrial sulfuric acid with the mass percent of 98%, then the steel plate subjected to degreasing, pickling and rust removal treatment is immersed into the plating assistant agent for plating assistance at 25 ℃ for 180 seconds, then the steel plate is taken out and dried at 80 ℃, then immersed into zinc liquid at 450 ℃ for 60 seconds (no smoke is generated in the dip plating process and little scum is generated), and then the steel plate is taken out and cooled to room temperature (the appearance diagram of a plating layer formed on the surface of the steel plate is shown in figure 1, and a bright and smooth galvanized layer is obtained on the surface of the steel plate without a skip plating phenomenon).
Example 2:
a hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant agent, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
TABLE 2 composition table of hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant agent
| Component (A) | Mass percent (%) |
| Zinc sulfate | 2 |
| Ammonium sulfate | 8 |
| Sodium sulfate | 1 |
| Potassium fluoride | 0.5 |
| Benzotriazole compounds | 0.2 |
| Dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride | 2 |
| Water and its preparation method | 86.3 |
A hot dip galvanising method comprising the steps of:
The pH value of the hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent is regulated to 3.5 by using industrial sulfuric acid with the mass percent of 98%, then the steel plate subjected to degreasing, pickling and rust removal treatment is immersed into the plating assistant agent for plating assistance at 40 ℃ for 90 seconds, the steel plate is taken out and dried at 80 ℃, then immersed into zinc liquid at 450 ℃ for 60 seconds (no smoke is generated in the dip plating process and little scum is generated), and then the steel plate is taken out and cooled to room temperature (the surface of the steel plate is provided with a bright and smooth galvanized layer without plating leakage).
Example 3:
a hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant agent, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
TABLE 3 composition table of hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant agent
| Component (A) | Mass percent (%) |
| Zinc sulfate | 3 |
| Ammonium sulfate | 5 |
| Potassium sulfate | 2 |
| Aluminum sulfate | 1 |
| Sodium fluoride | 0.2 |
| Potassium fluoride | 0.3 |
| Hydroxyethyl ylidene bisphosphonic acid disodium salt | 0.1 |
| Benzotriazole compounds | 0.2 |
| N-dodecyl dimethyl betaine | 3 |
| Water and its preparation method | 85.2 |
A hot dip galvanising method comprising the steps of:
The pH value of the hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent is regulated to 4 by industrial sulfuric acid with the mass percent of 98%, then the steel plate subjected to degreasing, pickling and rust removal treatment is immersed into the plating assistant agent for plating assistance at 60 ℃, then the steel plate is taken out and dried at 80 ℃, then immersed into zinc liquid at 450 ℃ for 60 seconds (no smoke is generated in the dip plating process and little scum is generated), and then the steel plate is taken out and cooled to room temperature (the surface of the steel plate is provided with a bright and smooth galvanized layer without plating leakage).
Example 4:
a hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant agent, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
TABLE 4 composition table of hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant agent
| Component (A) | Mass percent (%) |
| Zinc sulfate | 5 |
| Ammonium sulfate | 5 |
| Sodium sulfate | 2 |
| Magnesium sulfate | 1 |
| Ammonium bifluoride | 0.3 |
| Hexamethylene tetramine | 0.5 |
| Sodium dodecyl sulfate | 2.5 |
| Water and its preparation method | 83.7 |
A hot dip galvanising method comprising the steps of:
The pH value of the hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent is regulated to 4.5 by using industrial sulfuric acid with the mass percent of 98%, then the steel plate subjected to degreasing, pickling and rust removal treatment is immersed into the plating assistant agent for plating assistant for 180s at the temperature of 30 ℃, then the steel plate is taken out and dried at the temperature of 80 ℃, then the steel plate is immersed into zinc liquid at the temperature of 450 ℃ for 60s (no smoke is generated in the dip plating process, a small amount of scum is generated), and then the steel plate is taken out and cooled to the room temperature (the surface of the steel plate is provided with a bright and smooth galvanized layer without plating leakage).
Example 5:
a hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant agent, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
TABLE 5 composition table of hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant agent
A hot dip galvanising method comprising the steps of:
The pH value of the hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent is adjusted to 5 by using industrial sulfuric acid with the mass percent of 98%, then the steel plate subjected to degreasing, pickling and rust removal treatment is immersed into the plating assistant agent for plating assistance at 70 ℃ for 150 seconds, the steel plate is taken out and dried at 80 ℃, then immersed into zinc liquid at 450 ℃ for 60 seconds (no smoke is generated in the dip plating process and little scum is generated), and then the steel plate is taken out and cooled to room temperature (the surface of the steel plate is provided with a bright and smooth galvanized layer without plating leakage).
Example 6:
a hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant agent, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
TABLE 6 composition table of hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant agent
| Component (A) | Mass percent (%) |
| Zinc sulfate | 4 |
| Ammonium sulfate | 5 |
| Aluminum sulfate | 1 |
| Manganese sulfate | 3 |
| Sodium fluoride | 0.1 |
| Nickel fluoride | 0.5 |
| Hexamethylene tetramine | 0.2 |
| Benzotriazole compounds | 0.1 |
| Alkyl glycoside | 1 |
| Water and its preparation method | 85.1 |
A hot dip galvanising method comprising the steps of:
the pH value of the hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent is regulated to 5.5 by using industrial sulfuric acid with the mass percent of 98%, then the steel plate subjected to degreasing, pickling and rust removal treatment is immersed into the plating assistant agent for plating assistance at 80 ℃ for 80 seconds, the steel plate is taken out and dried at 80 ℃, then immersed into zinc liquid at 450 ℃ for 60 seconds (no smoke is generated in the dip plating process and little scum is generated), and then the steel plate is taken out and cooled to room temperature (the surface of the steel plate is provided with a bright and smooth galvanized layer without plating leakage).
Example 7:
a hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant agent, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
TABLE 7 composition table of hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant agent
| Component (A) | Mass percent (%) |
| Zinc sulfate | 5 |
| Ammonium sulfate | 8 |
| Sodium sulfate | 1 |
| Copper sulfate | 1 |
| Ammonium fluoride | 0.2 |
| Ammonium bifluoride | 0.5 |
| Hydroxyethyl ylidene bisphosphonic acid disodium salt | 0.3 |
| Sodium dodecyl sulfate | 0.5 |
| Phosphoric acid esters | 0.5 |
| Water and its preparation method | 83 |
A hot dip galvanising method comprising the steps of:
The pH value of the hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent is regulated to 4 by industrial sulfuric acid with the mass percent of 98%, then the steel plate subjected to degreasing, pickling and rust removal treatment is immersed into the plating assistant agent for plating assistance at 75 ℃ for 90 seconds, the steel plate is taken out and dried at 80 ℃, then immersed into zinc liquid at 450 ℃ for 60 seconds (no smoke is generated in the dip plating process and a small amount of scum is generated), and then the steel plate is taken out and cooled to room temperature (the surface of the steel plate is provided with a bright and smooth galvanized layer without plating leakage).
Example 8:
a hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant agent, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
table 8 composition table of hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant agent
A hot dip galvanising method comprising the steps of:
The pH value of the hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent is regulated to 3.5 by using industrial sulfuric acid with the mass percent of 98%, then the steel plate subjected to degreasing, pickling and rust removal treatment is immersed into the plating assistant agent for plating assistant for 120s at 65 ℃, then the steel plate is taken out and dried at 80 ℃, then immersed into zinc liquid at 450 ℃ for 60s (no smoke is generated in the dip plating process and a small amount of scum is generated), and then the steel plate is taken out and cooled to room temperature (the surface of the steel plate is provided with a bright and smooth galvanized layer without plating leakage).
Example 9:
a hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant agent, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
table 9 composition table of hot dip galvanising smokeless plating assistant agent
| Component (A) | Mass percent (%) |
| Zinc sulfate | 2 |
| Ammonium sulfate | 4 |
| Potassium sulfate | 1 |
| Magnesium sulfate | 3 |
| Nickel fluoride | 0.1 |
| Hydroxyethyl ylidene bisphosphonic acid disodium salt | 0.3 |
| N-dodecyl dimethyl betaine | 0.05 |
| Water and its preparation method | 89.55 |
A hot dip galvanising method comprising the steps of:
The pH value of the hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent is adjusted to 5 by using industrial sulfuric acid with the mass percent of 98%, then the steel plate subjected to degreasing, pickling and rust removal treatment is immersed into the plating assistant agent for plating assistance at 60 ℃ for 70 seconds, the steel plate is taken out and dried at 80 ℃, then immersed into zinc liquid at 450 ℃ for 60 seconds (no smoke is generated in the dip plating process and little scum is generated), and then the steel plate is taken out and cooled to room temperature (the surface of the steel plate is provided with a bright and smooth galvanized layer without plating leakage).
Example 10:
a hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant agent, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
table 10 composition table of hot dip galvanising smokeless plating assistant agent
| Component (A) | Mass percent (%) |
| Zinc sulfate | 3 |
| Ammonium sulfate | 3 |
| Sodium sulfate | 3 |
| Potassium sulfate | 3 |
| Sodium fluoride | 0.1 |
| Hydroxyethyl ylidene bisphosphonic acid disodium salt | 0.1 |
| Hexamethylene tetramine | 0.1 |
| Benzotriazole compounds | 0.1 |
| Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether | 0.03 |
| Dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride | 0.02 |
| Sodium dodecyl sulfate | 0.04 |
| Water and its preparation method | 87.51 |
A hot dip galvanising method comprising the steps of:
The pH value of the hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent is regulated to 4.5 by using industrial sulfuric acid with the mass percent of 98%, then the steel plate subjected to degreasing, pickling and rust removal treatment is immersed into the plating assistant agent for plating assistance at 50 ℃ for 60 seconds, then the steel plate is taken out and dried at 80 ℃, then immersed into zinc liquid at 450 ℃ for 60 seconds (no smoke is generated in the dip plating process and little scum is generated), and then the steel plate is taken out and cooled to room temperature (the surface of the steel plate is provided with a bright and smooth galvanized layer without plating leakage).
Example 11:
a hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant agent, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
table 11 composition table of hot dip galvanising smokeless plating assistant agent
A hot dip galvanising method comprising the steps of:
The pH value of the hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent is regulated to 4.5 by using industrial sulfuric acid with the mass percent of 98%, then the steel plate subjected to degreasing, pickling and rust removal treatment is immersed into the plating assistant agent for plating assistance at 70 ℃ for 10 seconds, the steel plate is taken out and dried at 80 ℃, then immersed into zinc liquid at 450 ℃ for 60 seconds (no smoke is generated in the dip plating process and a small amount of scum is generated), and then the steel plate is taken out and cooled to room temperature (the surface of the steel plate is provided with a bright and smooth galvanized layer without plating leakage).
Example 12:
a hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant agent, the composition of which is shown in the following table:
Table 12 composition table of hot dip galvanising smokeless plating assistant agent
| Component (A) | Mass percent (%) |
| Zinc sulfate | 2 |
| Ammonium sulfate | 10 |
| Magnesium sulfate | 1 |
| Manganese sulfate | 2 |
| Sodium fluoride | 0.1 |
| Potassium fluoride | 0.1 |
| Ammonium fluoride | 0.1 |
| Hydroxyethyl ylidene bisphosphonic acid disodium salt | 0.3 |
| N-dodecyl dimethyl betaine | 1.5 |
| Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether | 1.5 |
| Water and its preparation method | 81.4 |
A hot dip galvanising method comprising the steps of:
The pH value of the hot-dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent is regulated to 4.5 by using industrial sulfuric acid with the mass percent of 98%, then the steel plate subjected to degreasing, pickling and rust removal treatment is immersed into the plating assistant agent for plating assistance at 60 ℃ for 20 seconds, then the steel plate is taken out and dried at 80 ℃, then immersed into zinc liquid at 450 ℃ for 60 seconds (no smoke is generated in the dip plating process and a small amount of scum is generated), and then the steel plate is taken out and cooled to room temperature (the surface of the steel plate is provided with a bright and smooth galvanized layer without plating leakage).
Comparative example 1:
a hot dip galvanising aid having a composition as shown in the following table:
TABLE 13 composition table of hot dip galvanization booster
| Component (A) | Mass percent (%) |
| Zinc chloride | 12 |
| Ammonium chloride | 14 |
| Water and its preparation method | 74 |
A hot dip galvanising method comprising the steps of:
immersing the steel plate subjected to degreasing, degreasing and pickling rust removal treatment in the hot-dip galvanizing plating assistant agent at 60 ℃ for 60 seconds, taking out the steel plate, drying at 80 ℃, immersing in zinc liquid at 450 ℃ for 60 seconds (a large amount of smoke is generated in the dip plating process, and the amount of floating slag is large), taking out the steel plate, and cooling to room temperature (the surface of the steel plate is provided with a bright and smooth galvanized layer without plating leakage).
Comparative example 2:
a hot dip galvanising aid having a composition as shown in the following table:
TABLE 14 composition table of hot dip galvanization booster
| Component (A) | Mass percent (%) |
| Zinc sulfate | 2 |
| Ammonium sulfate | 12 |
| Sodium sulfate | 1 |
| Potassium fluoride | 0.5 |
| Benzotriazole compounds | 0.2 |
| Dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride | 2 |
| Water and its preparation method | 82.3 |
A hot dip galvanising method comprising the steps of:
the pH value of the hot dip galvanizing assistant agent is regulated to 3.5 by using industrial sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98%, then the steel plate subjected to degreasing, pickling and rust removal treatment is immersed into the plating assistant agent for assistant plating at 40 ℃ for 90 seconds, then the steel plate is taken out and dried at 80 ℃, then immersed into zinc liquid at 450 ℃ for 60 seconds (no smoke is generated in the dip plating process and a small amount of scum is generated), and then the steel plate is taken out and cooled to room temperature (the zinc layer on the surface of the steel plate is incomplete and rough and has 70% of area for miss plating).
Comparative example 3:
a hot dip galvanising aid having a composition as shown in the following table:
TABLE 15 composition table of hot dip galvanization booster
| Component (A) | Mass percent (%) |
| Zinc sulfate | 2 |
| Ammonium sulfate | 3 |
| Potassium sulfate | 5 |
| Aluminum sulfate | 5 |
| Sodium fluoride | 1 |
| Imidazolines | 0.1 |
| Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether | 1 |
| Water and its preparation method | 82.9 |
A hot dip galvanising method comprising the steps of:
The pH value of the hot dip galvanizing assistant agent is regulated to 5.5 by using industrial sulfuric acid with the mass percent of 98%, then the steel plate subjected to degreasing, pickling and rust removal treatment is immersed into the plating assistant agent for assistant plating at 25 ℃ for 180 seconds, then the steel plate is taken out and dried at 80 ℃, then immersed into zinc liquid at 450 ℃ for 60 seconds (no smoke is generated in the dip plating process and little scum is generated), and then the steel plate is taken out and cooled to room temperature (the zinc layer on the surface of the steel plate is incomplete and rough and has 60% area of miss plating).
Comparative example 4:
a hot dip galvanising aid having a composition as shown in the following table:
TABLE 16 composition table of hot dip galvanization booster
| Component (A) | Mass percent (%) |
| Zinc sulfate | 10 |
| Ammonium sulfate | 8 |
| Sodium sulfate | 5 |
| Sodium fluoride | 1 |
| Imidazolines | 0.1 |
| Sodium dodecyl sulfate | 0.05 |
| Alkyl glycoside | 0.05 |
| Water and its preparation method | 75.8 |
A hot dip galvanising method comprising the steps of:
The pH value of the hot dip galvanizing assistant agent is regulated to 4.5 by using industrial sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98%, then the steel plate subjected to degreasing, pickling and rust removal treatment is immersed into the plating assistant agent for assistant plating at 60 ℃, then the steel plate is taken out and dried at 80 ℃, then immersed into zinc liquid at 450 ℃ for 60 seconds (no smoke is generated in the dip plating process and more scum is generated), and then the steel plate is taken out and cooled to room temperature (the zinc layer on the surface of the steel plate is incomplete and rough and has about 50% area of miss plating).
Comparative example 5:
a hot dip galvanising aid having a composition as shown in the following table:
Table 17 composition table of hot dip galvanising aid
| Component (A) | Mass percent (%) |
| Zinc sulfate | 3 |
| Ammonium sulfate | 9 |
| Manganese sulfate | 1 |
| Copper sulfate | 1 |
| Potassium fluoride | 0.4 |
| Benzotriazole compounds | 0.2 |
| Water and its preparation method | 85.4 |
A hot dip galvanising method comprising the steps of:
The pH value of the hot dip galvanizing assistant agent is regulated to 3.5 by using industrial sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98%, then the steel plate subjected to degreasing, pickling and rust removal treatment is immersed into the plating assistant agent for assistant plating at 65 ℃ for 120 seconds, then the steel plate is taken out and dried at 80 ℃, then immersed into zinc liquid at 450 ℃ for 60 seconds (no smoke is generated in the dip plating process and a small amount of scum is generated), and then the steel plate is taken out and cooled to room temperature (the zinc layer on the surface of the steel plate is incomplete and rough and has 60% of area for miss plating).
Comparative example 6:
a hot dip galvanising aid having a composition as shown in the following table:
table 18 composition table of hot dip galvanising aid
| Component (A) | Mass percent (%) |
| Zinc sulfate | 3 |
| Ammonium sulfate | 3 |
| Sodium sulfate | 3 |
| Potassium sulfate | 3 |
| Hydroxy ethylidene disodium salt | 0.1 |
| Hexamethylene tetramine | 0.1 |
| Benzotriazole compounds | 0.1 |
| Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether | 0.03 |
| Dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride | 0.02 |
| Sodium dodecyl sulfate | 0.04 |
| Water and its preparation method | 87.61 |
A hot dip galvanising method comprising the steps of:
The pH value of the hot dip galvanizing assistant agent is regulated to 4.5 by using industrial sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 98%, then the steel plate subjected to degreasing, pickling and rust removal treatment is immersed into the plating assistant agent for assistant plating at 50 ℃ for 60 seconds, then the steel plate is taken out and dried at 80 ℃, then immersed into zinc liquid at 450 ℃ for 60 seconds (no smoke is generated in the dip plating process and little scum is generated), and then the steel plate is taken out and cooled to room temperature (the zinc layer on the surface of the steel plate is incomplete and rough and 40% of area is leaked for plating).
Note that:
The summary of the plating aid and plating effect of the hot dip galvanization aid of examples 1 to 12 and comparative examples 1 to 6 is shown below:
table 19 summary of the plating aid and plating effect of the hot dip galvanization co-plating agents of examples 1 to 12 and comparative examples 1 to 6
As can be seen from table 19: the hot-dip galvanizing auxiliary agents of examples 1 to 12 are completely smokeless in generation during the hot-dip galvanizing process, have good galvanizing effect, and are suitable for large-scale industrial application.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The hot dip galvanizing smokeless plating assistant agent is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
Sulfate: 5% -15%;
Stabilizing agent: 0.1 to 1 percent;
Corrosion inhibitor: 0.1 to 0.5 percent;
and (2) a surfactant: 0.05 to 3 percent;
Water: the balance;
the sulfate is at least two of zinc sulfate, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, aluminum sulfate, magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate and copper sulfate, and must contain zinc sulfate and ammonium sulfate;
the total mass percentage of zinc sulfate and ammonium sulfate in the sulfate is more than or equal to 50%;
the mass ratio of the zinc sulfate to the ammonium sulfate is 1:1-5;
the stabilizer is at least one of sodium fluoride, potassium fluoride, ammonium bifluoride and nickel fluoride.
2. The hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the corrosion inhibitor is at least one of disodium hydroxyethylidene, hexamethylenetetramine, benzotriazole and imidazoline.
3. The hot dip galvanization smokeless plating assistant according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surfactant is at least one of N-dodecyl dimethyl betaine, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, dioctadecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, sodium dodecyl sulfate, phosphate and alkyl glycoside.
4. A hot dip galvanising method, characterized in that the plating assisting agent used in the plating assisting process is the hot dip galvanising smokeless plating assisting agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The hot dip galvanization method according to claim 4, comprising the steps of: the pH value of the plating assistant agent is regulated to 3.5-5.5, then the steel plating piece subjected to oil removal treatment and rust removal treatment is immersed into the plating assistant agent for plating assistance, then the steel plating piece is taken out and dried, then immersed into zinc liquid for dip plating, and finally the steel plating piece is taken out.
6. The hot dip galvanization method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the plating assisting is carried out at 20-80 ℃ for 10-180 s.
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