CN101215682B - Non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique - Google Patents
Non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN101215682B CN101215682B CN2007103075813A CN200710307581A CN101215682B CN 101215682 B CN101215682 B CN 101215682B CN 2007103075813 A CN2007103075813 A CN 2007103075813A CN 200710307581 A CN200710307581 A CN 200710307581A CN 101215682 B CN101215682 B CN 101215682B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hot-dip galvanizing process, in particular to a common hot-dip galvanizing process without rinse water, which aims to solve the technical problems existing in prior art that after being treated, if industrial wastewater which is produced during hot-dip galvanizing is discharged reaching the standard, galvanizing needs to consume a large number of water source, and the treatment cost is greatly increased and the like. The steps of common hot-dip galvanizing process without rinse water of the invention comprises degreasing, cleaning and plating auxiliary, wherein to-be-galvanized workpieces are dipped in assisted plating solution, whose components are aqueous solution of ZnCl2 and NH4Cl, the PH valve of the assisted plating solution is adjusted through adding ammonia water, then Fe2+ on the surface of the workpiece is changed into Fe3+ through hydrogen peroxide solution, and then the Fe3+ is filtered out through a filter purification device, a layer of assisted plating film is formed on the surface of the workpiece, drying, hot-dip galvanizing, cooling and inactivating.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hot-dip galvanizing technique, especially relate to a kind of non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique.
Background technology
Country handled the back qualified discharge to more and more attention of environmental pollution by water protection in order to solve the trade effluent (rinse water) that is produced in the galvanizing process in recent years, and zinc-plated enterprise will consume great amount of water resources, and processing cost increases substantially.Chinese patent discloses a kind of hot dip galvanizing process (publication number: CN 1847443A), it comprises the steps: alkali cleaning, washing, pickling, washing, dipping zinc ammonium chloride solvent, oven dry, galvanizing, cooling, is added with the nano zine oxide microemulsion colloid of weight percent 3.0～6.0% in the solvent in the dipping zinc ammonium chloride solvent step; Nano zine oxide microemulsion colloid is made up of 1～4% nano zine oxide, 0.2～0.6% polypropylene acid and balance of deionized water; Nano zine oxide content is 95～98.5%, grain diameter 10～20nm, specific area 20～120m
2/ g, burning decrement 4～0.1%, tap density 0.3～0.5g/ml; Polypropylene acid purity is 98%, molecular weight is 1000.But it because this step of washing is arranged, also needs to consume a large amount of water in manufacturing process flow.Reach first grade discharging requirement (COD≤100), 1 ton of plating piece of every plating is wanted 7～8 tons of consume water basically; Reach secondary emission request (100＞COD≤300), 1 ton of workpiece of every plating is wanted 3～4 tons of consume water basically; So, 50,000 tons of/year zinc-plated enterprises, maximum water consumption was 400,000 tons in 1 year, the minimum water of also wanting 150,000 tons.
First purpose of water rinse is after the workpiece degreasing, for prevent alkaline degreasing fluid bring in the pickling tank in and hydrochloric acid pickler, increased meaningless acid consumption; Second purpose of water rinse is after the workpiece pickling, in order to prevent workpiece surface residual hydrochloric acid pickle solution and Fe
2+Ion is brought in the quickening liquid, feasible decline and the Fe that helps the pH value in the coating bath
2+The rising of ionic concn, thus workpiece enter help coating bath before, must carry out water rinse, with workpiece surface residual hydrochloric acid and Fe
2+The ion flush away.
The step that is absolutely necessary is washed in order to achieve the above object by therefore general enterprise, but simultaneously, just consumes a large amount of water.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique, it mainly is that the solution existing in prior technology is a qualified discharge after the Industrial Wastewater Treatment that is produced in the solution galvanizing process, zinc-plated needs consume great lot of water resources, the technical problem that processing cost increases substantially etc.
Above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly solved by following technical proposals:
Non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique of the present invention is characterized in that:
A. degreasing:, remove all kinds of grease contamination on plating piece to be plated surface treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the degreasing fluid;
B. pickling: the zinc-plated workpiece for the treatment of no oil pollution, be immersed in the pickle solution, remove the oxide compound of iron on the plating piece surface;
C. help plating: treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the quickening liquid, the composition of quickening liquid is ZnCl
2And NH
4The aqueous solution of Cl, quickening liquid is regulated pH value by adding ammoniacal liquor, again by hydrogen peroxide the Fe of workpiece surface
2+Be converted into Fe
3+, then by filtering and purifying filtering Fe
3+, form one deck on the plating piece surface and help plated film;
D. oven dry: the moisture that the workpiece that helps plating is placed on zinc liquid top oven dry workpiece surface;
E. galvanizing: will be immersed in the fused zinc liquid through the plating piece that helps plating to handle, and after its surface forms zinc and zinc-iron alloy layer, treats the dipping certain hour of workpiece in zinc liquid, change workpiece over to refrigerating work procedure immediately;
F. cooling: the workpiece that proposes zinc liquid is put into cooling fluid,, stop the iron-zinc alloy reaction by quick reduction plating piece temperature;
G. passivation: refrigerative workpiece is immersed in the passivating solution, forms one deck passive film on the galvanized workpiece surface.
In the step c of no water rinse galvanizing process flow of the present invention, can adopt weakly alkaline ammoniacal liquor, i.e. NH
3H
2O adjusts the pH value in the control quickening liquid, by the resulting ammonium chloride NH of neutralization reaction
4Cl, it is again the important composition of quickening liquid, sees the neutralization reaction formula:
NH
3·H
2O+HCl＝NH
4Cl+H
2O PH↑
Another Li Chu that selects ammoniacal liquor for use is when the quickening liquid ammonium chloride concentration reduces, and all is to add ammonium chloride in the past, adds ammoniacal liquor now and gets final product, and helps to be plated to originally to descend 20～30%.
Helping Fe ion in the coating bath quickening liquid all is divalence ferrous ion (Fe with solubility
2+) exist, be can not be by filtering and purifying divalence ferrous ion (Fe
2+) filter out.So we will remove divalence ferrous ion (Fe
2+), at first must be with divalence ferrous ion (Fe
2+) continue deep oxidation, make it become trivalent Fe ion (Fe
3+) after, by filtering and purifying it filtering out again, the Fe ionic concn in the coating bath quickening liquid just can be controlled so.Therefore adopt hydrogen peroxide (H
2O
2) be used as oxygenant, to divalence ferrous ion (Fe
2+) carry out deep oxidation.See the oxidizing reaction formula:
Fe
2++H
2O
2＝Fe
3+↓
As preferably, the degreasing fluid among the described step a is the aqueous solution that contains 1～3% agent of non-phosphate degreasing, and the temperature of degreasing fluid is 40 ℃～50 ℃.Skimming treatment is treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the degreasing fluid, remove all kinds of grease contamination on plating piece to be plated surface, improving the operation of follow-up pickling efficient.
Zinc liquid among the step e is conventional galvanizing zinc liquid; Cooling fluid among the step f is generally water; Passivating solution in the step g is the general passivating solution of galvanizing.
As preferably, degreasing time is decided according to the greasy dirt degree among the described step a, is 10～15 minutes, and no greasy dirt impurity adheres to up to the plating piece surface.
As preferably, the composition of pickle solution is composed of the following components among the described step b: weight percent is 6～25% hydrochloric acid, 1%～2% inhibiter and acid fog inhibitor, and all the other are water; Cleanup acid treatment is the zinc-plated workpiece for the treatment of no oil pollution, is immersed in the pickle solution, and the oxide compound of removing iron on the plating piece surface is Fe
2O
3, Fe
3O
4, FeO operation, the zinc-iron alloy reaction is carried out smoothly when guaranteeing hot dip process.
As preferably, the pickling time is 0.5～6 hour among the described step b, is silver gray until the plating piece surface, and smooth surface does not have the chocolate patch, spot exists.
As preferably, the temperature of quickening liquid is 50 ℃～70 ℃ among the described step c, and the dipping time of workpiece in quickening liquid was at 1～5 minute.Helping plating promptly is treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the quickening liquid, form one deck on the plating piece surface and help plated film, and to the operation of plating piece preheating.
As preferably, the temperature of zinc liquid is 428 ℃～455 ℃ among the described step e, and the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid is 1～15 minute.Galvanizing is to be immersed in the fused zinc liquid through the plating piece that helps plating to handle, and forms the operation of zinc and zinc-iron alloy layer on its surface.
As preferably,
Therefore, the present invention has when guaranteeing the product galvanizing quality, does not increase zinc-plated cost, the conserve water resource, thus reach zinc-plated zero discharge of industrial waste water, characteristics such as society and economic benefit are very big.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is a process flow sheet of the present invention;
In accompanying drawing 2 quickening liquids of the present invention in pH value and the Fe ionic concn and oxidation filtration, purification cycle control schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1: the non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique that this is routine such as Fig. 1, and step is as follows:
A. degreasing:, remove all kinds of grease contamination on plating piece to be plated surface treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the degreasing fluid.Degreasing fluid is the aqueous solution of agent of non-phosphate degreasing, and it contains agent of non-phosphate degreasing 2%, and temperature is controlled at 40 ℃, and the degreasing dipping time is decided according to the greasy dirt degree, is 10 minutes, and the up-to-standard standard of skimming treatment is that the no greasy dirt impurity in plating piece surface adheres to;
B. pickling: the zinc-plated workpiece for the treatment of no oil pollution, be immersed in the pickle solution, remove the oxide compound of iron on the plating piece surface, i.e. Fe
2O
3, Fe
3O
4, FeO, the zinc-iron alloy reaction is carried out smoothly when guaranteeing hot dip process.The pickle solution main component is a hydrochloric acid 6%, adds 1% inhibiter and acid fog inhibitor simultaneously, and all the other are water, and the pickling time is 60 minutes, the standard that pickling quality is qualified: the plating piece surface is silver gray, and smooth surface does not have the chocolate patch, spot exists;
C. help plating:, form one deck on the plating piece surface and help plated film treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the quickening liquid.The main component of quickening liquid is ZnCl
2And NH
4The aqueous solution of Cl, temperature is at 50 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in plating assistant agent was at 3 minutes, and quickening liquid is regulated pH value by adding ammoniacal liquor, by hydrogen peroxide Fe
2+Be converted into Fe
3+, then by filtering and purifying filtering Fe
3+Thereby, reach Fe in the control quickening liquid
2+Content;
D. oven dry: the workpiece that helps plating is placed on zinc liquid top oven dry workpiece surface moisture;
E. galvanizing: will be immersed in the fused zinc liquid through the plating piece that helps plating to handle, and form zinc and zinc-iron alloy layer on its surface.Zinc liquid is conventional galvanizing zinc liquid, and the temperature of zinc liquid is at 428 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid is 3 minutes, treat that the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid reaches requirement after, propose workpiece and change refrigerating work procedure immediately over to;
F. cooling: the workpiece that just proposes zinc liquid is put into water coolant,, stop the iron-zinc alloy reaction by quick reduction plating piece temperature;
G. passivation: refrigerative workpiece is immersed in the passivating solution, forms one deck passive film on the galvanized workpiece surface, passivating solution is the general passivating solution of galvanizing.
Embodiment 2: the non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique that this is routine such as Fig. 1, and step is as follows:
A. degreasing:, remove all kinds of grease contamination on plating piece to be plated surface treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the degreasing fluid.Degreasing fluid is the aqueous solution of agent of non-phosphate degreasing, and it contains agent of non-phosphate degreasing 1%, and temperature is controlled at 45 ℃, and the degreasing dipping time is decided according to the greasy dirt degree, is 15 minutes, and the up-to-standard standard of skimming treatment is that the no greasy dirt impurity in plating piece surface adheres to;
B. pickling: the zinc-plated workpiece for the treatment of no oil pollution, be immersed in the pickle solution, remove the oxide compound of iron on the plating piece surface, i.e. Fe
2O
3, Fe
3O
4, FeO, the zinc-iron alloy reaction is carried out smoothly when guaranteeing hot dip process.The pickle solution main component is a hydrochloric acid 15%, adds 1.5% inhibiter and acid fog inhibitor simultaneously, and all the other are water, and the pickling time is 47 minutes, the standard that pickling quality is qualified: the plating piece surface is silver gray, and smooth surface does not have the chocolate patch, spot exists;
C. help plating:, form one deck on the plating piece surface and help plated film treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the quickening liquid.The main component of quickening liquid is ZnCl
2And NH
4The aqueous solution of Cl, temperature is at 60 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in plating assistant agent was at 2 minutes, and quickening liquid is regulated pH value by adding ammoniacal liquor, by hydrogen peroxide Fe
2+Be converted into Fe
3+, then by filtering and purifying filtering Fe
3+Thereby, reach Fe in the control quickening liquid
2+Content;
D. oven dry: the workpiece that helps plating is placed on zinc liquid top oven dry workpiece surface moisture;
E. galvanizing: will be immersed in the fused zinc liquid through the plating piece that helps plating to handle, and form zinc and zinc-iron alloy layer on its surface.Zinc liquid is conventional galvanizing zinc liquid, and the temperature of zinc liquid is at 435 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid is 2 minutes, treat that the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid reaches requirement after, propose workpiece and change refrigerating work procedure immediately over to;
F. cooling: the workpiece that just proposes zinc liquid is put into water coolant,, stop the iron-zinc alloy reaction by quick reduction plating piece temperature;
G. passivation: refrigerative workpiece is immersed in the passivating solution, forms one deck passive film on the galvanized workpiece surface, passivating solution is the general passivating solution of galvanizing.
Embodiment 3: the non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique that this is routine such as Fig. 1, and step is as follows:
A. degreasing:, remove all kinds of grease contamination on plating piece to be plated surface treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the degreasing fluid.Degreasing fluid is the aqueous solution of agent of non-phosphate degreasing, and it contains agent of non-phosphate degreasing 3%, and temperature is controlled at 50 ℃, and the degreasing dipping time is decided according to the greasy dirt degree, is 11 minutes, and the up-to-standard standard of skimming treatment is that the no greasy dirt impurity in plating piece surface adheres to;
B. pickling: the zinc-plated workpiece for the treatment of no oil pollution, be immersed in the pickle solution, remove the oxide compound of iron on the plating piece surface, i.e. Fe
2O
3, Fe
3O
4, FeO, the zinc-iron alloy reaction is carried out smoothly when guaranteeing hot dip process.The pickle solution main component is a hydrochloric acid 25%, adds 2% inhibiter and acid fog inhibitor simultaneously, and all the other are water, and the pickling time is 30 minutes, the standard that pickling quality is qualified: the plating piece surface is silver gray, and smooth surface does not have the chocolate patch, spot exists;
C. help plating:, form one deck on the plating piece surface and help plated film treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the quickening liquid.The main component of quickening liquid is ZnCl
2And NH
4The aqueous solution of Cl, temperature is at 70 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in plating assistant agent was at 1 minute, and quickening liquid is regulated pH value by adding ammoniacal liquor, by hydrogen peroxide Fe
2+Be converted into Fe
3+, then by filtering and purifying filtering Fe
3+Thereby, reach Fe in the control quickening liquid
2+Content;
D. oven dry: the workpiece that helps plating is placed on zinc liquid top oven dry workpiece surface moisture;
E. galvanizing: will be immersed in the fused zinc liquid through the plating piece that helps plating to handle, and form zinc and zinc-iron alloy layer on its surface.Zinc liquid is conventional galvanizing zinc liquid, and the temperature of zinc liquid is at 450 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid is 1.5 minutes, treat that the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid reaches requirement after, propose workpiece and change refrigerating work procedure immediately over to;
F. cooling: the workpiece that just proposes zinc liquid is put into water coolant,, stop the iron-zinc alloy reaction by quick reduction plating piece temperature;
G. passivation: refrigerative workpiece is immersed in the passivating solution, forms one deck passive film on the galvanized workpiece surface, passivating solution is the general passivating solution of galvanizing.
Embodiment 4: the non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique that this is routine such as Fig. 1, and step is as follows:
A. degreasing:, remove all kinds of grease contamination on plating piece to be plated surface treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the degreasing fluid.Degreasing fluid is the aqueous solution of agent of non-phosphate degreasing, and it contains agent of non-phosphate degreasing 1.5%, and temperature is controlled at 45 ℃, and the degreasing dipping time is decided according to the greasy dirt degree, is 10 minutes, and the up-to-standard standard of skimming treatment is that the no greasy dirt impurity in plating piece surface adheres to;
B. pickling: the zinc-plated workpiece for the treatment of no oil pollution, be immersed in the pickle solution, remove the oxide compound of iron on the plating piece surface, i.e. Fe
2O
3, Fe
3O
4, FeO, the zinc-iron alloy reaction is carried out smoothly when guaranteeing hot dip process.The pickle solution main component is a hydrochloric acid 20%, adds 1.8% inhibiter and acid fog inhibitor simultaneously, and all the other are water, and the pickling time is 120 minutes, the standard that pickling quality is qualified: the plating piece surface is silver gray, and smooth surface does not have the chocolate patch, spot exists;
C. help plating:, form one deck on the plating piece surface and help plated film treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the quickening liquid.The main component of quickening liquid is ZnCl
2And NH
4The aqueous solution of Cl, temperature is at 65 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in plating assistant agent was at 5 minutes, and quickening liquid is regulated pH value by adding ammoniacal liquor, by hydrogen peroxide Fe
2+Be converted into Fe
3+, then by filtering and purifying filtering Fe
3+Thereby, reach Fe in the control quickening liquid
2+Content;
D. oven dry: the workpiece that helps plating is placed on zinc liquid top oven dry workpiece surface moisture;
E. galvanizing: will be immersed in the fused zinc liquid through the plating piece that helps plating to handle, and form zinc and zinc-iron alloy layer on its surface.Zinc liquid is conventional galvanizing zinc liquid, and the temperature of zinc liquid is at 455 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid is 6 minutes, treat that the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid reaches requirement after, propose workpiece and change refrigerating work procedure immediately over to;
F. cooling: the workpiece that just proposes zinc liquid is put into water coolant,, stop the iron-zinc alloy reaction by quick reduction plating piece temperature;
G. passivation: refrigerative workpiece is immersed in the passivating solution, forms one deck passive film on the galvanized workpiece surface, passivating solution is the general passivating solution of galvanizing.
Embodiment 5: the non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique that this is routine such as Fig. 1, and step is as follows:
A. degreasing:, remove all kinds of grease contamination on plating piece to be plated surface treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the degreasing fluid.Degreasing fluid is the aqueous solution of agent of non-phosphate degreasing, and it contains agent of non-phosphate degreasing 1%, and temperature is controlled at 40 ℃, and the degreasing dipping time is decided according to the greasy dirt degree, is 14 minutes, and the up-to-standard standard of skimming treatment is that the no greasy dirt impurity in plating piece surface adheres to;
B. pickling: the zinc-plated workpiece for the treatment of no oil pollution, be immersed in the pickle solution, remove the oxide compound of iron on the plating piece surface, i.e. Fe
2O
3, Fe
3O
4, FeO, the zinc-iron alloy reaction is carried out smoothly when guaranteeing hot dip process.The pickle solution main component is a hydrochloric acid 8%, adds 1.4% inhibiter and acid fog inhibitor simultaneously, and all the other are water, and the pickling time is 360 minutes, the standard that pickling quality is qualified: the plating piece surface is silver gray, and smooth surface does not have the chocolate patch, spot exists;
C. help plating:, form one deck on the plating piece surface and help plated film treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the quickening liquid.The main component of quickening liquid is ZnCl
2And NH
4The aqueous solution of Cl, temperature is at 55 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in plating assistant agent was at 5 minutes, and quickening liquid is regulated pH value by adding ammoniacal liquor, by hydrogen peroxide Fe
2+Be converted into Fe
3+, then by filtering and purifying filtering Fe
3+Thereby, reach Fe in the control quickening liquid
2+Content;
D. oven dry: the workpiece that helps plating is placed on zinc liquid top oven dry workpiece surface moisture;
E. galvanizing: will be immersed in the fused zinc liquid through the plating piece that helps plating to handle, and form zinc and zinc-iron alloy layer on its surface.Zinc liquid is conventional galvanizing zinc liquid, and the temperature of zinc liquid is at 438 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid is 15 minutes, treat that the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid reaches requirement after, propose workpiece and change refrigerating work procedure immediately over to;
F. cooling: the workpiece that just proposes zinc liquid is put into water coolant,, stop the iron-zinc alloy reaction by quick reduction plating piece temperature;
G. passivation: refrigerative workpiece is immersed in the passivating solution, forms one deck passive film on the galvanized workpiece surface, passivating solution is the general passivating solution of galvanizing.
Embodiment 6: the non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique that this is routine such as Fig. 1, and step is as follows:
A. degreasing:, remove all kinds of grease contamination on plating piece to be plated surface treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the degreasing fluid.Degreasing fluid is the aqueous solution of agent of non-phosphate degreasing, and it contains agent of non-phosphate degreasing 2.4%, and temperature is controlled at 48 ℃, and the degreasing dipping time is decided according to the greasy dirt degree, is 13 minutes, and the up-to-standard standard of skimming treatment is that the no greasy dirt impurity in plating piece surface adheres to;
B. pickling: the zinc-plated workpiece for the treatment of no oil pollution, be immersed in the pickle solution, remove the oxide compound of iron on the plating piece surface, i.e. Fe
2O
3, Fe
3O
4, FeO, the zinc-iron alloy reaction is carried out smoothly when guaranteeing hot dip process.The pickle solution main component is a hydrochloric acid 12%, adds 1.2% inhibiter and acid fog inhibitor simultaneously, and all the other are water, and the pickling time is 50 minutes, the standard that pickling quality is qualified: the plating piece surface is silver gray, and smooth surface does not have the chocolate patch, spot exists;
C. help plating:, form one deck on the plating piece surface and help plated film treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the quickening liquid.The main component of quickening liquid is ZnCl
2And NH
4The aqueous solution of Cl, temperature is at 56 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in plating assistant agent was at 5 minutes, and quickening liquid is regulated pH value by adding ammoniacal liquor, by hydrogen peroxide Fe
2+Be converted into Fe
3+, then by filtering and purifying filtering Fe
3+Thereby, reach Fe in the control quickening liquid
2+Content;
D. oven dry: the workpiece that helps plating is placed on zinc liquid top oven dry workpiece surface moisture;
E. galvanizing: will be immersed in the fused zinc liquid through the plating piece that helps plating to handle, and form zinc and zinc-iron alloy layer on its surface.Zinc liquid is conventional galvanizing zinc liquid, and the temperature of zinc liquid is at 440 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid is 12 minutes, treat that the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid reaches requirement after, propose workpiece and change refrigerating work procedure immediately over to;
F. cooling: the workpiece that just proposes zinc liquid is put into water coolant,, stop the iron-zinc alloy reaction by quick reduction plating piece temperature;
G. passivation: refrigerative workpiece is immersed in the passivating solution, forms one deck passive film on the galvanized workpiece surface, passivating solution is the general passivating solution of galvanizing.
Embodiment 7: the non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique that this is routine such as Fig. 1, and step is as follows:
A. degreasing:, remove all kinds of grease contamination on plating piece to be plated surface treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the degreasing fluid.Degreasing fluid is the aqueous solution of agent of non-phosphate degreasing, and it contains agent of non-phosphate degreasing 2%, and temperature is controlled at 42 ℃, and the degreasing dipping time is decided according to the greasy dirt degree, is 14 minutes, and the up-to-standard standard of skimming treatment is that the no greasy dirt impurity in plating piece surface adheres to;
B. pickling: the zinc-plated workpiece for the treatment of no oil pollution, be immersed in the pickle solution, remove the oxide compound of iron on the plating piece surface, i.e. Fe
2O
3, Fe
3O
4, FeO, the zinc-iron alloy reaction is carried out smoothly when guaranteeing hot dip process.The pickle solution main component is a hydrochloric acid 19%, adds 1.8% inhibiter and acid fog inhibitor simultaneously, and all the other are water, and the pickling time is 90 minutes, the standard that pickling quality is qualified: the plating piece surface is silver gray, and smooth surface does not have the chocolate patch, spot exists;
C. help plating:, form one deck on the plating piece surface and help plated film treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the quickening liquid.The main component of quickening liquid is ZnCl
2And NH
4The aqueous solution of Cl, temperature is at 63 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in plating assistant agent was at 4 minutes, and quickening liquid is regulated pH value by adding ammoniacal liquor, by hydrogen peroxide Fe
2+Be converted into Fe
3+, then by filtering and purifying filtering Fe
3+Thereby, reach Fe in the control quickening liquid
2+Content;
D. oven dry: the workpiece that helps plating is placed on zinc liquid top oven dry workpiece surface moisture;
E. galvanizing: will be immersed in the fused zinc liquid through the plating piece that helps plating to handle, and form zinc and zinc-iron alloy layer on its surface.Zinc liquid is conventional galvanizing zinc liquid, and the temperature of zinc liquid is at 445 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid is 5 minutes, treat that the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid reaches requirement after, propose workpiece and change refrigerating work procedure immediately over to;
F. cooling: the workpiece that just proposes zinc liquid is put into water coolant,, stop the iron-zinc alloy reaction by quick reduction plating piece temperature;
G. passivation: refrigerative workpiece is immersed in the passivating solution, forms one deck passive film on the galvanized workpiece surface, passivating solution is the general passivating solution of galvanizing.
Embodiment 8: the non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique that this is routine such as Fig. 1, and step is as follows:
A. degreasing:, remove all kinds of grease contamination on plating piece to be plated surface treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the degreasing fluid.Degreasing fluid is the aqueous solution of agent of non-phosphate degreasing, and it contains agent of non-phosphate degreasing 1.5%, and temperature is controlled at 46 ℃, and the degreasing dipping time is decided according to the greasy dirt degree, is 15 minutes, and the up-to-standard standard of skimming treatment is that the no greasy dirt impurity in plating piece surface adheres to;
B. pickling: the zinc-plated workpiece for the treatment of no oil pollution, be immersed in the pickle solution, remove the oxide compound of iron on the plating piece surface, i.e. Fe
2O
3, Fe
3O
4, FeO, the zinc-iron alloy reaction is carried out smoothly when guaranteeing hot dip process.The pickle solution main component is a hydrochloric acid 14%, adds 2% inhibiter and acid fog inhibitor simultaneously, and all the other are water, and the pickling time is 120 minutes, the standard that pickling quality is qualified: the plating piece surface is silver gray, and smooth surface does not have the chocolate patch, spot exists;
C. help plating:, form one deck on the plating piece surface and help plated film treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the quickening liquid.The main component of quickening liquid is ZnCl
2And NH
4The aqueous solution of Cl, temperature is at 61 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in plating assistant agent was at 4 minutes, and quickening liquid is regulated pH value by adding ammoniacal liquor, by hydrogen peroxide Fe
2+Be converted into Fe
3+, then by filtering and purifying filtering Fe
3+Thereby, reach Fe in the control quickening liquid
2+Content;
D. oven dry: the workpiece that helps plating is placed on zinc liquid top oven dry workpiece surface moisture;
E. galvanizing: will be immersed in the fused zinc liquid through the plating piece that helps plating to handle, and form zinc and zinc-iron alloy layer on its surface.Zinc liquid is conventional galvanizing zinc liquid, and the temperature of zinc liquid is at 432 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid is 4 minutes, treat that the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid reaches requirement after, propose workpiece and change refrigerating work procedure immediately over to;
F. cooling: the workpiece that just proposes zinc liquid is put into water coolant,, stop the iron-zinc alloy reaction by quick reduction plating piece temperature;
G. passivation: refrigerative workpiece is immersed in the passivating solution, forms one deck passive film on the galvanized workpiece surface, passivating solution is the general passivating solution of galvanizing.
Embodiment 9: the non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique that this is routine such as Fig. 1, and step is as follows:
A. degreasing:, remove all kinds of grease contamination on plating piece to be plated surface treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the degreasing fluid.Degreasing fluid is the aqueous solution of agent of non-phosphate degreasing, and it contains agent of non-phosphate degreasing 2%, and temperature is controlled at 40 ℃, and the degreasing dipping time is decided according to the greasy dirt degree, is 15 minutes, and the up-to-standard standard of skimming treatment is that the no greasy dirt impurity in plating piece surface adheres to;
B. pickling: the zinc-plated workpiece for the treatment of no oil pollution, be immersed in the pickle solution, remove the oxide compound of iron on the plating piece surface, i.e. Fe
2O
3, Fe
3O
4, FeO, the zinc-iron alloy reaction is carried out smoothly when guaranteeing hot dip process.The pickle solution main component is a hydrochloric acid 8%, adds 1% inhibiter and acid fog inhibitor simultaneously, and all the other are water, and the pickling time is 240 minutes, the standard that pickling quality is qualified: the plating piece surface is silver gray, and smooth surface does not have the chocolate patch, spot exists;
C. help plating:, form one deck on the plating piece surface and help plated film treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the quickening liquid.The main component of quickening liquid is ZnCl
2And NH
4The aqueous solution of Cl, temperature is at 52 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in plating assistant agent was at 4 minutes, and quickening liquid is regulated pH value by adding ammoniacal liquor, by hydrogen peroxide Fe
2+Be converted into Fe
3+, then by filtering and purifying filtering Fe
3+Thereby, reach Fe in the control quickening liquid
2+Content;
D. oven dry: the workpiece that helps plating is placed on zinc liquid top oven dry workpiece surface moisture;
E. galvanizing: will be immersed in the fused zinc liquid through the plating piece that helps plating to handle, and form zinc and zinc-iron alloy layer on its surface.Zinc liquid is conventional galvanizing zinc liquid, and the temperature of zinc liquid is at 437 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid is 3 minutes, treat that the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid reaches requirement after, propose workpiece and change refrigerating work procedure immediately over to;
F. cooling: the workpiece that just proposes zinc liquid is put into water coolant,, stop the iron-zinc alloy reaction by quick reduction plating piece temperature;
G. passivation: refrigerative workpiece is immersed in the passivating solution, forms one deck passive film on the galvanized workpiece surface, passivating solution is the general passivating solution of galvanizing.
Embodiment 10: the non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique that this is routine such as Fig. 1, and step is as follows:
A. degreasing:, remove all kinds of grease contamination on plating piece to be plated surface treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the degreasing fluid.Degreasing fluid is the aqueous solution of agent of non-phosphate degreasing, and it contains agent of non-phosphate degreasing 1.6%, and temperature is controlled at 48 ℃, and the degreasing dipping time is decided according to the greasy dirt degree, is 12 minutes, and the up-to-standard standard of skimming treatment is that the no greasy dirt impurity in plating piece surface adheres to;
B. pickling: the zinc-plated workpiece for the treatment of no oil pollution, be immersed in the pickle solution, remove the oxide compound of iron on the plating piece surface, i.e. Fe
2O
3, Fe
3O
4, FeO, the zinc-iron alloy reaction is carried out smoothly when guaranteeing hot dip process.The pickle solution main component is a hydrochloric acid 22%, adds 2% inhibiter and acid fog inhibitor simultaneously, and all the other are water, and the pickling time is 160 minutes, the standard that pickling quality is qualified: the plating piece surface is silver gray, and smooth surface does not have the chocolate patch, spot exists;
C. help plating:, form one deck on the plating piece surface and help plated film treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the quickening liquid.The main component of quickening liquid is ZnCl
2And NH
4The aqueous solution of Cl, temperature is at 58 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in plating assistant agent was at 3 minutes, and quickening liquid is regulated pH value by adding ammoniacal liquor, by hydrogen peroxide Fe
2+Be converted into Fe
3+, then by filtering and purifying filtering Fe
3+Thereby, reach Fe in the control quickening liquid
2+Content;
D. oven dry: the workpiece that helps plating is placed on zinc liquid top oven dry workpiece surface moisture;
E. galvanizing: will be immersed in the fused zinc liquid through the plating piece that helps plating to handle, and form zinc and zinc-iron alloy layer on its surface.Zinc liquid is conventional galvanizing zinc liquid, and the temperature of zinc liquid is at 442 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid is 5 minutes, treat that the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid reaches requirement after, propose workpiece and change refrigerating work procedure immediately over to;
F. cooling: the workpiece that just proposes zinc liquid is put into water coolant,, stop the iron-zinc alloy reaction by quick reduction plating piece temperature;
G. passivation: refrigerative workpiece is immersed in the passivating solution, forms one deck passive film on the galvanized workpiece surface, passivating solution is the general passivating solution of galvanizing.
Claims (6)
1. non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique is characterized in that:
A. degreasing: treating that zinc-plated workpiece is immersed in the degreasing fluid, remove all kinds of grease contamination on plating piece to be plated surface, degreasing fluid is the aqueous solution that contains 1～3% agent of non-phosphate degreasing, and the temperature of degreasing fluid is 40 ℃～50 ℃;
B. pickling: the zinc-plated workpiece for the treatment of no oil pollution, be immersed in the pickle solution, remove the oxide compound of iron on the plating piece surface;
C. help plating: after the pickling treat zinc-plated workpiece not by the rinsing direct impregnation in quickening liquid, the composition of quickening liquid is ZnCl
2And NH
4The aqueous solution of Cl, quickening liquid is regulated the pH value by adding ammoniacal liquor, again by hydrogen peroxide the Fe of workpiece surface
2+Be converted into Fe
3+, then by filtering and purifying filtering Fe
3+, form one deck on the plating piece surface and help plated film;
D. oven dry: the moisture that the workpiece that helps plating is placed on zinc liquid top oven dry workpiece surface;
E. galvanizing: will be immersed in the fused zinc liquid through the plating piece that helps plating to handle, and after its surface forms zinc and zinc-iron alloy layer, treats the dipping certain hour of workpiece in zinc liquid, change workpiece over to refrigerating work procedure immediately;
F. cooling: the workpiece that proposes zinc liquid is put into cooling fluid,, stop the iron-zinc alloy reaction by quick reduction plating piece temperature;
G. passivation: refrigerative workpiece is immersed in the passivating solution, forms one deck passive film on the galvanized workpiece surface.
2. non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique according to claim 1 is characterized in that degreasing time is decided according to the greasy dirt degree among the described step a, is 10～15 minutes, and no greasy dirt impurity adheres to up to the plating piece surface.
3. non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique according to claim 1, the composition that it is characterized in that pickle solution among the described step b is composed of the following components: weight percent is 6～25% hydrochloric acid, 1%～2% inhibiter and acid fog inhibitor, and all the other are water;
4. non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique according to claim 1 is characterized in that the pickling time is 0.5～6 hour among the described step b, is silver gray until the plating piece surface, and smooth surface does not have the chocolate patch, spot exists.
5. non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique according to claim 1, the temperature that it is characterized in that quickening liquid among the described step c are 50 ℃～70 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in quickening liquid was at 1～5 minute.
6. non-poaching-water common hot-dip galvanizing technique according to claim 1, the temperature that it is characterized in that zinc liquid among the described step e are 428 ℃～455 ℃, and the dipping time of workpiece in zinc liquid is 1～15 minute.
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