CN115531439B - 一种用于促进母猪发情的固体乳剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于促进母猪发情的固体乳剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115531439B CN115531439B CN202211481254.0A CN202211481254A CN115531439B CN 115531439 B CN115531439 B CN 115531439B CN 202211481254 A CN202211481254 A CN 202211481254A CN 115531439 B CN115531439 B CN 115531439B
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Abstract
本发明公开一种用于促进母猪发情的固体乳剂及其制备方法，其组成成分及其重量为：益母草提取物3‑5g、黄芪提取物3‑5g、当归提取物3‑5g、淫羊藿提取物3‑5g、牛至香酚3‑5g、维生素E3‑5g、酵母硒0.5‑1g、纯化水20‑25g、单硬脂酸甘油脂4‑6g、椰子油或大豆油30‑35g、硬脂酸钙10‑12g、PEG4000 4‑6g、微粉硅胶15‑25g。本发明把中药提取物制备成固体乳剂，以达到更好的疗效，提高利用度，并且制备质量稳定性高，同时产品成分针对母猪不发情的本质原因进行治疗，安全有效，且无残留，无耐药性。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中兽药领域，主要涉及一种用于促进母猪发情的固体乳剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
母猪不发情是一个很严重的情况，不发情的母猪浪费投资成本影响生产效率而近20年来每年约有五分之一的母猪因不发情被淘汰，这对养殖户产生很大的冲击。
益母草提取物，主要成分为盐酸水苏碱，具有促进动物卵巢、子宫、输卵管等生殖系统发育和增强生殖系统微循环的作用，可以兴奋子宫，促进子宫收缩和复旧，增加子宫壁厚度。
黄芪提取物，主要成分为黄芪多糖和黄芪甲苷，可以增加血液中淋巴细胞的数量，并诱导干扰素产生，同时促进肺和肠粘膜中巨噬细胞的增殖分化，显著提高机体非特异性免疫；可显著增强心肺功能；可增强细胞膜稳定性，减少应激时细胞膜通透性变化导致的机体功能紊乱，有抗应激作用；修复受损伤的免疫细胞和免疫系统，增强免疫应答。
当归提取物，补血养血，活血止痛，润燥通便。用于血虚劳伤，血瘀疼痛，跌打损伤，痈肿疮疡，肠燥便秘，胎产诸病。当归可以增强机体的免疫功能，当归中的多糖既可以激活巨噬细胞、淋巴细胞等免疫细胞，还可以增加抗体的形成，从而提高免疫机能。同时当归多糖还具有抗凝血和抗贫血的作用。
淫羊藿提取物，具有促进动物免疫器官的生长发育、对细胞免疫和体液免疫的促进作用、对自然杀伤细胞的促进作用。可以调节母猪肠道生理机能，优化肠道环境。提高母猪繁殖能力，促进动物生长。
牛至香酚，是从天然植物牛至中提取的挥发油，有香芹酚和百里香酚两种有效成分，对畜禽肠道细菌性疾病具有预防和控制作用；可以改善免疫反应，增强吞噬细菌的活性，在动物体内无残留、不产生耐药性，可在畜禽生长中长期使用。对于母猪，牛至香酚可以保护肠道健康，消除体内氧自由基。提高母猪繁殖率、降低母猪生殖系统疾病的发生。降低乳腺炎发病率，提高母猪泌乳量10%以上，并且乳猪初生重可以提高15%。
维生素E，易被饲料中的矿物质和不饱和脂肪酸氧化破坏，是一种很好的生物性抗氧化剂。在提高动物的机体免疫力，预防不孕症，促进发情，促进生长发育等发挥着重要作用。
酵母硒，对母猪的生理免疫机能也有一定程度的促进效果。可以提高血液中淋巴细胞的转化率，增加T淋巴细胞百分率，子宫内膜炎的发病率也有所降低。还可以提高繁殖力、免疫力和抗病力。
固体乳剂是以固体存在，随水相的加入而形成乳剂的分散体系。
固体乳剂的特点有以下几点：
第一，口服后遇到消化道内的体液具有自乳化的特点；
第二，能提高药物的溶解度及溶出速度，提高生物利用度，促进药物的吸收；
第三，呈干燥粉末状，粘性小，流动性好；
第四，油相被固体载体包裹，能避光和抗氧化；
第五，物理稳定性好，贮存过程中不会发生分层、破裂和转相等现象；
本发明把中药提取物制备成固体乳剂，以达到更好的疗效，提高利用度，并且制备质量稳定性高，同时产品成分针对母猪不发情的本质原因进行治疗，安全有效，且无残留，无耐药性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于促进母猪发情的固体乳剂。
本发明的目的之二在于提供上述制剂的制备方法。
本发明的第三目的在于提供了上述制剂对母猪不发情的改善效果。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种用于促进母猪发情的固体乳剂，其组成成分及其重量为：益母草提取物3-5g、黄芪提取物3-5g、当归提取物3-5g、淫羊藿提取物3-5g、牛至香酚3-5g、维生素E3-5g、酵母硒0.5-1g、纯化水20-25g、单硬脂酸甘油脂4-6g、椰子油或大豆油30-35g、硬脂酸钙10-12g、PEG4000 4-6g、微粉硅胶15-25g。
制备方法如下：
（1）取益母草提取物、黄芪提取物、当归提取物、淫羊藿提取物、牛至香酚、维生素E、酵母硒溶于纯化水中；
（2）先将硬脂酸钙加入椰子油或大豆油中，再加入单硬脂酸甘油脂；
（3）在搅拌下将步骤（1）的物质加入步骤（2）中，后经过乳匀机匀化后，搅拌状态下加入PEG4000粉末，再加入微粉硅胶使初乳吸干完全，即得到本发明中的固体乳剂。
所述乳匀机的匀化时的压力为1000 Bar ~2000Bar，匀化时间为5~10分钟。
本发明饲料添加剂的使用方法：混饲，每1kg体重1g，1日1次，连用7日。
本发明具有的优点和有益效果：（1）本发明采用的制备方法简单，适合规模化生产；（2）本发明运用吸干法制备固体乳剂，达到缓释效果，提高了药物的生物利用度；（3）本发明制剂针对母猪不发情进行有效治疗；（4）本发明产品物理性质稳定，贮存和临床给药方便，适合群体给药，节省人力物力。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施对本发明做进一步的说明，但本发明的保护范围不限于此。
下述实施例中益母草提取物、黄芪提取物、当归提取物、淫羊藿提取物均购自四川恒瑞通达生物科技有限公司，酵母硒购自安琪酵母股份有限公司
实施例1.用于促进母猪发情的固体乳剂的制备
其组成成分及其重量为：益母草提取物3g、黄芪提取物5g、当归提取物3g、淫羊藿提取物5g、牛至香酚3g、维生素E 5g、酵母硒0.5g、纯化水25g、单硬脂酸甘油脂4g、椰子油或大豆油35g、硬脂酸钙10g、PEG4000 4g、微粉硅胶23g。
制备方法如下：
（1）取益母草提取物、黄芪提取物、当归提取物、淫羊藿提取物、牛至香酚、维生素E、酵母硒溶于纯化水中；
（2）先将硬脂酸钙加入椰子油或大豆油中，再加入单硬脂酸甘油脂；
（3）在快速搅拌下将步骤（1）的物质缓缓加入步骤（2）中，后在乳匀机（压力为1500Bar）中匀化5分钟后，搅拌状态下加入聚乙二醇-4000粉末，再加入微粉硅胶使初乳吸干完全，即得到本发明中的固体乳剂。
实施例2.用于促进母猪发情的固体乳剂的制备
其组成成分及其重量为：益母草提取物5g、黄芪提取物3g、当归提取物5g、淫羊藿提取物3g、牛至香酚5g、维生素E3g、酵母硒1g、纯化水25g、单硬脂酸甘油脂6g、椰子油或大豆油35g、硬脂酸钙12g、PEG4000 6g、微粉硅胶16g。
制备方法如下：
（1）取益母草提取物、黄芪提取物、当归提取物、淫羊藿提取物、牛至香酚、维生素E、酵母硒溶于纯化水中；
（2）先将硬脂酸钙加入椰子油或大豆油中，再加入单硬脂酸甘油脂；
（3）在快速搅拌下将步骤（1）的物质缓缓加入步骤（2）中，后经过乳匀机（压力为1500Bar）匀化8分钟后，搅拌状态下加入聚乙二醇-4000粉末，再加入微粉硅胶使初乳吸干完全，即得到本发明中的固体乳剂。
实施例3.用于促进母猪发情的固体乳剂的制备
其组成成分及其重量为：益母草提取物4g、黄芪提取物4g、当归提取物4g、淫羊藿提取物4g、牛至香酚4g、维生素E4g、酵母硒0.8g、纯化水25g、单硬脂酸甘油脂5g、椰子油或大豆油32g、硬脂酸钙11g、PEG4000 5g、微粉硅胶23g。
制备方法如下：
（1）取益母草提取物、黄芪提取物、当归提取物、淫羊藿提取物、牛至香酚、维生素E、酵母硒溶于纯化水中；
（2）先将硬脂酸钙加入椰子油或大豆油中，再加入单硬脂酸甘油脂；
（3）在快速搅拌下将步骤（1）的物质缓缓加入步骤（2）中，后经过乳匀机（压力为1500Bar）匀化5分钟后，搅拌状态下加入聚乙二醇-4000粉末，再加入微粉硅胶使初乳吸干完全，即得到本发明中的固体乳剂。
实施例4.用于促进母猪发情的固体乳剂的对照品制备
其组成成分及其重量为：益母草提取物4g、黄芪提取物4g、当归提取物4g、淫羊藿提取物4g、牛至香酚4g、维生素E4g、酵母硒0.8g、纯化水40g、单硬脂酸甘油脂5g、吐温－802.5g、椰子油或大豆油54g。
制备方法如下：
（1）取益母草提取物、黄芪提取物、当归提取物、淫羊藿提取物、牛至香酚、维生素E、酵母硒及吐温－80溶于纯化水中；
（2）取单硬脂酸甘油脂溶于椰子油或大豆油中；
（3）在快速搅拌下将步骤（1）的物质缓缓加入步骤（2）中，（压力为1500Bar）匀化5分钟后，即得。
注：本对照品采用普通乳剂的制备方法制备。
实施例5.用于促进母猪发情的固体乳剂的对照品制备
其组成成分及其重量为：益母草提取物4g、黄芪提取物4g、当归提取物4g、淫羊藿提取物4g、牛至香酚4g、维生素E4g、酵母硒0.8g、葡萄糖101g。
制备方法如下：取益母草提取物、黄芪提取物、当归提取物、淫羊藿提取物、牛至香酚、维生素E、酵母硒、葡萄糖，置于混合机中混合均匀，即得。
注：本对照品未采用乳剂工艺制备。
实施例6.对母猪发情的影响
按照如下方法进行：
（一）药物与试剂
试验药物：实施例1、2、3所制备的中药制剂；
对照药物1：实施例4所制备的制剂
对照药物2：实施例5所制备的制剂
对照药物3：催情散（《中华人民共和国》2015年版二部）
按照如下方法进行：
（一）试验方法
（1）试验设计：选取生产母猪90头，均来自同一饲料条件下发现的发情迟缓母猪，随机分为六组，其中3个试验组、3个对照组。
3个试验组和3个对照组分别按照每天1g/kg的添加水平给药。具体方法是：采取自由采食、防疫、管理措施与日常一致，以7天为一个试验周期。
（2）观察试验结果
表1 对母猪发情影响的试验结果
本试验中，试验组的45头大多数是从治疗后4－5天开始发情，有7头没发情。
对照组1的15头大多数是从治疗后的5-7天开始发情，有5头没发情。
对照组2的15头大多数是从治疗后的5-7天开始发情，有7头没发情。
对照组3的15头大多数是从治疗后的6-7天开始发情，有7头没发情。其中有一头发情后屡配不孕。
由上表可知，本发明的固体乳剂可促进母猪发情、受孕，提高产仔数。
由此表明，本发明专利的固体乳剂工艺对促进母猪发情的药效有显著提高。
Claims (2)
1.一种用于促进母猪发情的固体乳剂，其特征在于，其组成成分及其重量为：益母草提取物3-5g、黄芪提取物3-5g、当归提取物3-5g、淫羊藿提取物3-5g、牛至香酚3-5g、维生素E3-5g、酵母硒0.5-1g、纯化水20-25g、单硬脂酸甘油脂4-6g、椰子油或大豆油30-35g、硬脂酸钙10-12g、PEG4000 4-6g、微粉硅胶15-25g，通过下述过程获得：
（1）取益母草提取物、黄芪提取物、当归提取物、淫羊藿提取物、牛至香酚、维生素E、酵母硒溶于纯化水中；
（2）先将硬脂酸钙加入椰子油或大豆油中，再加入单硬脂酸甘油脂；
（3）在搅拌下将步骤（1）的物质加入步骤（2）中，后经过乳匀机匀化后，搅拌状态下加入PEG4000粉末，再加入微粉硅胶使初乳吸干完全，即得到固体乳剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述用于促进母猪发情的固体乳剂，其特征在于，所述乳匀机匀化时的压力为1000 Bar ~2000Bar，匀化时间为5~10分钟。
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