CN115521594A - Degradable agricultural insect-repelling lawn-inhibiting film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Degradable agricultural insect-repelling lawn-inhibiting film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115521594A CN115521594A CN202211086118.1A CN202211086118A CN115521594A CN 115521594 A CN115521594 A CN 115521594A CN 202211086118 A CN202211086118 A CN 202211086118A CN 115521594 A CN115521594 A CN 115521594A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- film
- repelling
- insect
- mulching film
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/06—Coating with compositions not containing macromolecular substances
- C08J7/065—Low-molecular-weight organic substances, e.g. absorption of additives in the surface of the article
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2467/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2467/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
- C08K5/095—Carboxylic acids containing halogens
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a degradable agricultural insect-repelling grassland film and a preparation method thereof, which relate to the field of agricultural films and aim to solve the problems that the remains of mulching films cannot be basically recycled, a large amount of mulching films can cause environmental pollution when used, the mulching films are difficult to completely decompose in a short time, the propagation of soil microorganisms is influenced, and certain harm can be caused to an ecosystem.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural films, in particular to a degradable agricultural insect-repelling grassland-inhibiting film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The plastic mulching film plays a very important role in agricultural production. Since the introduction of plastic greenhouse film technology from Japan in 1979, the plastic film technology in China has rapidly developed, and the crop yield is obviously improved. The mulching film is mainly applied to main crops such as vegetables, cotton, rice, corn and the like. The film covering can change the living environment of crops, preserve moisture and promote the crops to be early mature, and at present, china is used as the largest mulching film using country and the largest mulching film producing country in the world. The mulching film can cover more than one hundred million mu, and the usage amount of the mulching film reaches 140 ten thousand tons, which accounts for 70 percent of the total amount of the world. The mulching film is used in China to achieve full coverage, and has certain application from arid areas in the north to semi-arid areas and then to mountains and cold areas in the south. From Heilongjiang, jilin in northeast to inner Mongolia to Shandong, henan and Hebei in North China, gansu and Xinjiang in northwest to Yunnan in southwest, sichuan is the main area where the mulching film is used, and the mulching film has the functions of heat preservation, water retention and soil moisture preservation, and in addition, the mulching film also has the function of inhibiting plant diseases and insect pests. Can save water source, control the salt alkalinity of soil and improve the quality and yield of crops. The mulching film has the advantages of large coverage area, tidy rolling, complete variety and specification, high tensile strength, uniform thickness, flatness, no wrapping rib and the like. The mulching film can ensure that crops obtain a proper environment and plays an essential role in the agricultural production process.
In actual use, a lot of mulching film remains can not be recycled basically, environmental pollution can be caused by using a large amount of mulching films, the mulching films are difficult to decompose completely in a short time, the propagation of soil microorganisms is influenced, and certain harm can be caused to an ecosystem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a degradable agricultural insect-repelling grassland-inhibiting film and a preparation method thereof.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
including the plastic film body, the plastic film body is made through blow molding behind PBAT and PLA melt-blending, the plastic film body adds weedicide and additive in the preparation process, the two-sided coating of plastic film body is provided with compound expelling parasite extract.
By adopting the technical scheme, the poly (butylene adipate terephthalate) (PBAT) is used as resin, the poly (butylene adipate terephthalate) (PBAT) has good extensibility and breaking stretch rate and good impact resistance and temperature resistance, is a novel degradable material completely with biodegradation, the biodegradation rate of the poly (butylene adipate terephthalate) (PBAT) can be adjusted, the polylactic acid (PLA) is a biodegradable resin with good affinity, the polylactic acid contains hydroxyl and carboxylic acid, the stretching resistance effect is good, the degradation rate can be controlled, the poly (butylene adipate terephthalate) (PBAT) and the PBAT can be jointly rolled to modify, meanwhile, the PLA is a biodegradable material, under certain conditions, the hydroxyl and the carboxyl at two ends of the PBAT and the PLA are subjected to esterification reaction during blending to carry out chain extension, so that the novel degradable mulching film can be manufactured under the action of a chain extender, the herbicide is directly added into the mulching film during the preparation process, the growth of weeds is inhibited from the source, the protective effect is achieved on crops, the yield of crops is improved, the damage of the white pollution of the mulching film to the environment is reduced, in addition, the surface of the composite insect repellent is coated on the surface of the film, and a plurality of common insect pests, thereby the crop growth protective effect is achieved.
Further, the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of PBAT, 45-55 parts of PLA, 5-10 parts of herbicide, 10-15 parts of calcium carbonate filler, 25-35 parts of additive, 25-35 parts of composite insect repellent extract and 2-3 parts of coloring agent.
Further, the herbicide is a mixture of PHBV and 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid MVPA.
Further, the additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of caprolactam serving as a plasticizer, 13-17 parts of calcium stearate serving as a lubricant and 3-6 parts of tea polyphenol serving as an antioxidant.
By adopting the technical scheme, the herbicide is 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA), the herbicide and a starch compound PBHV are mixed and added into the prepared PLA/PBAT mulching film, and conjugated double bonds between the MCPA and the PBAT are broken under the action of microorganisms, so that the MCPA is released, and the growth of weeds can be well inhibited.
Caprolactam is white crystal at normal temperature, and the plasticizer is added into the mulching film to improve the flexibility of the film, so that the film is easier to process and has good plasticity.
In the preparation process of the mulching film, PLA and PBAT need to be prepared by melt blending and heating. During the preparation process, the mulching film is in a viscous state and can be extruded and rubbed, so that the performance of the mulching film is influenced to a certain degree, and the appearance of the mulching film can also be influenced.
Tea polyphenol is a natural antioxidant extracted from tea leaves, and is a general name of polyphenol substances in tea leaves. The film is a condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbon and consists of alcohols, hydroxyl and phenols, and is exposed outside for a long time in the use process, so that the slow oxidation reaction of the film and oxygen molecules in the air can be caused, the service life of the film is shortened, and the heat preservation and moisture preservation growth of crops are not facilitated. Therefore, some antioxidants are usually added in the process of manufacturing the mulching film to prolong the service life of the film and reduce the oxygen in the air and the damage of the mulching film caused by the oxidation reaction of the mulching film.
In actual use, the coloring agent generally adopts green or black pigment to enable the final finished product of the mulching film body to be black or green, and the weeds are blocked from absorbing required light, so that the weeds cannot carry out photosynthesis, and the growth of the weeds can be inhibited to a certain extent.
Further, the compound insect repellent extracting solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of tobacco extract, 4-6 parts of pepper extract and 13-17 parts of artemisia argyi extract.
The tobacco extract is extracted by the following steps:
A. mixing the dried tobacco stems and the waste cigarette ends according to the proportion of 1;
B. weighing 2 parts of the mixture powder in the step A by weight, placing the mixture powder in a three-necked flask B, adding 10 parts of NaCl, 30 parts of deionized water and 8 parts of 23 percent NaOH, and fully and uniformly stirring;
C. adding 300 parts of deionized water into the three-necked bottle A; 10 parts of 15% hydrochloric acid solution is put into the flask C, and the tail end of the condensation pipe extends into the hydrochloric acid solution in the triangular flask C;
D. and (3) opening condensed water, heating and distilling the three-necked bottle A, heating the three-necked bottle B after the water is boiled, keeping the temperature of the three-necked bottle B at 50-60 ℃ until the pH value of the solution in the triangular bottle C is more than or equal to 10.5, and distilling by a listener to obtain the tobacco extract.
The extraction steps of the hot pepper extract are as follows:
cleaning, drying in the sun, and drying in a constant temperature drying oven at 50 deg.C for 2h;
B. b, crushing the dried red peppers in the step A into dried red pepper powder of 40-60 meshes by using a traditional Chinese medicine crusher;
C. measuring 15 parts of 40% -60% ethanol solution by using a measuring cylinder, putting the chili powder prepared in the step B into a conical flask filled with ethanol, shaking up, and plugging;
D. leaching the solution in the step C in a water bath kettle at 50 ℃ for 90min, slightly cooling the leaching solution, then carrying out reduced pressure filtration, recovering filter residues for carrying out second extraction, and combining the two filtrates;
E. and D, carrying out reduced pressure concentration on the extracting solution in the step D, controlling the water bath temperature to be 40 ℃ initially and the rotating speed to be 60r/min initially, then gradually increasing the water bath temperature to 65 ℃, gradually increasing the rotating speed to 90r/min, and taking out the extracting solution until the filtrate is volatilized to about 7-8 so as to obtain the chili extracting solution.
The extraction steps of the mugwort extract are as follows:
A. weighing 5 parts by weight of dry wormwood, cleaning, and drying at 50-60 ℃ by using a constant-temperature air-blast drying oven;
B. pouring the mugwort hay obtained in the step A into a traditional Chinese medicine grinder to be ground into mugwort powder of 40-60 meshes;
C. packaging the mugwort powder obtained in the step B with gauze, putting into a Soxhlet extractor, installing an extraction device, adding 50 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol as an extractant, and heating in a water bath at 75-80 ℃ for extraction until the color of the extract is not changed;
D. and D, after the extracting solution in the step C is subjected to suction filtration once by using a vacuum suction filtration device, pouring the extracting solution into a rotary evaporator to be distilled at the temperature of 75-85 ℃ until all absolute ethyl alcohol is evaporated to dryness, thus obtaining the artemisia argyi extracting solution.
By adopting the technical scheme, the nicotine can be effectively purified and concentrated, is alkaloid which is peculiar to the tobacco of the solanaceae plant and accounts for more than 95 percent of all the alkaloid in the tobacco, and has the chemical name of 1-methyl-2- (2-pyridyl) pyrrolidine. Pure nicotine is colorless or yellowish oily liquid at room temperature, and has strong pungent taste and deliquescence. The compound can be generated with water at the temperature of below 60 ℃ and can be steamed out along with steam, naCl, naOH and water are required to be added during nicotine distillation, wherein the NaOH is strong base and plays a role of a displacing agent, organic weak base can be displaced from a tobacco sample, the NaCl is a temperature increasing agent and plays a role of protecting reaction temperature, the compound does not participate in reaction, distilled water is used as a solvent, and effective waste recycling can be carried out by adopting tobacco stems and waste cigarette ends, so that resources are saved.
The capsicum contains abundant capsaicin, has stable chemical properties, and can be prepared by purifying and concentrating by extraction method.
The mugwort extract prepared by the alcohol extraction method mainly contains volatile oil, flavone, cineole, mushrooms, trace chemical elements and the like, wherein the cineole, terpineol and other substances have the functions of poisoning, killing, food refusing and repelling various agricultural pests, and the extract can be further concentrated and purified by using a rotary evaporator.
Further, the coloring agent is one of a black pigment or a green pigment, the black pigment is carbon black, and the green pigment is one or more of chromium green, lead green, iron green or cobalt green.
By adopting the technical scheme, the black mulching film has the light-tight property, so that the weeds cannot be subjected to photosynthesis, the green mulching film has selectivity on natural light transmission, the formation of chlorophyll of the weeds can be inhibited to hinder the photosynthesis of the weeds, and the mulching film adopting the two colors has good growth inhibition effect on the weeds.
Further, the preparation method of the degradable agricultural insect-repelling grassland suppression film is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, weighing according to the proportion: 25-35 parts of PBAT, 45-55 parts of PLA and 10-15 parts of calcium carbonate filler, wherein the components are dried and pretreated in a drying oven at 50-55 ℃ before use;
s2, weighing 5-10 parts of herbicide, 8-12 parts of plastic agent caprolactam, 13-17 parts of lubricant calcium stearate, 3-6 parts of antioxidant tea polyphenol with the mass fraction of 99%, 2-3 parts of coloring agent and the raw materials in the step S1 according to the proportion, adding the raw materials into a high-speed kneader, fully mixing the raw materials into slurry, allowing the slurry to flow into a slurry containing barrel, and pouring the slurry into a hopper of an extruder set;
s3, pouring the material obtained in the step S2 into a single-screw extruder for melting and plasticizing, and then extruding and molding through a film blowing machine head; introducing compressed air after extrusion, blowing the compressed air, and starting a traction roller to draw and stretch the film bubble; starting a fan to blow cold air to the surface of the film, and slowly cooling the film bubble until the film bubble is cooled and shaped; pressing the laminated film bubble by using a herringbone plate, then drawing by using a drawing roller, automatically winding the product by using a winding machine, and cutting off redundant edges to obtain a mulching film body;
and S4, cutting the agricultural film prepared in the step S3 according to actual size requirements, fixing the agricultural film on a vertically placed glass plate, uniformly spraying the composite insect-repelling extracting solution on the mulching film body by using a sprayer, pushing and pulling the sprayer to and fro 15-20 times, naturally airing at room temperature for 8-10 hours, and then carrying out sealing and packaging treatment to obtain the degradable agricultural insect-repelling weed-inhibiting mulching film.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, add performance such as the ageing resistance of weedicide and various additives effectively improve final plastic film body in the forming process of plastic film body, the substrate adopts degradable material production, can avoid the polluted environment by automatic degradation after guaranteeing that plastic film body finishes using, adds the weedicide simultaneously, and the surface coating has compound expelling parasite extract, gives plastic film body weeding and the growth of the all-round protection crop of the important efficiency of expelling parasite.
In conclusion, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. degradable PLA and PBAT are blended to prepare the mulching film body, and degradable materials are adopted to radically solve the problem that the mulching film body is not easy to degrade and causes certain harm to an ecological system;
2. the mixture of PHBV and 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid MVPA is adopted as a herbicide, thereby effectively inhibiting weeds and avoiding influencing the normal growth of crops;
3. the composite insect-expelling extract is adopted, so that the effect of expelling pests on the ground covered by the mulching film body and the periphery and preventing crops from suffering from insect pests is achieved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below.
Example 1
A method for preparing a mulching film comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing according to the proportion: 30 parts of PBAT, 50 parts of PLA and 10 parts of calcium carbonate filler, and the components are dried and pretreated in a drying oven at 50-55 ℃ before use;
s2, weighing 8 parts of herbicide, 10 parts of plastic agent caprolactam, 15 parts of lubricant calcium stearate, 5 parts of antioxidant tea polyphenol with the mass fraction of 99%, 2 parts of coloring agent and the raw materials in the step S1 according to the proportion, adding the raw materials into a high-speed kneader, fully mixing the raw materials into slurry, allowing the slurry to flow into a slurry containing barrel, and pouring the slurry into a hopper of an extruder set;
s3, pouring the material obtained in the step S2 into a single-screw extruder for melting and plasticizing, and then extruding and molding through a film blowing machine head; introducing compressed air after extrusion, blowing the compressed air, and starting a traction roller to draw and stretch the film bubble; starting a fan to blow cold air to the surface of the film, and slowly cooling the film bubble until the film bubble is cooled and shaped; pressing the laminated film bubble by using a herringbone plate, then drawing by using a drawing roller, automatically winding the product by using a winding machine, and cutting off redundant edges to obtain a mulching film body;
and S4, cutting the agricultural film prepared in the step S3 according to actual size requirements, fixing the agricultural film on a vertically placed glass plate, uniformly spraying the composite insect-repelling extracting solution on the mulching film body by using a sprayer, pushing and pulling the sprayer for 15-20 times in a reciprocating manner, naturally airing for 8-10 hours at room temperature, and then sealing and packaging.
Example 2 (uncoated Complex repellent extract)
A method for preparing a mulching film, comprising the steps of:
s1, weighing according to the proportion: 30 parts of PBAT, 50 parts of PLA and 10 parts of calcium carbonate filler, wherein the components are dried and pretreated in a drying oven at 50-55 ℃ before use;
s2, weighing 8 parts of herbicide, 10 parts of plastic agent caprolactam, 15 parts of lubricant calcium stearate, 5 parts of antioxidant tea polyphenol with the mass fraction of 99%, 2 parts of coloring agent and the raw materials in the step S1 according to the proportion, adding the raw materials into a high-speed kneader, fully mixing the raw materials into slurry, allowing the slurry to flow into a slurry containing barrel, and then pouring the slurry into a hopper of an extruder set;
s3, pouring the material obtained in the step S2 into a single-screw extruder for melting and plasticizing, and then extruding and molding by a film blowing machine head; introducing compressed air after extrusion, blowing the compressed air, and starting a traction roller to draw and stretch the film bubble; starting a fan to blow cold air to the surface of the film, and slowly cooling the film bubble until the film bubble is cooled and shaped; and pressing the laminated film bubble by using a herringbone plate, then drawing by using a drawing roller, automatically winding the product by using a winding machine, and cutting off redundant edges.
Example 3 (without addition of herbicide)
S1, weighing according to the proportion: 30 parts of PBAT, 50 parts of PLA and 10 parts of calcium carbonate filler, and the components are dried and pretreated in a drying oven at 50-55 ℃ before use;
s2, weighing 10 parts of plastic agent caprolactam, 15 parts of lubricant calcium stearate, 5 parts of antioxidant tea polyphenol with the mass fraction of 99%, 2 parts of coloring agent and the raw materials in the step S1 according to the proportion, adding the raw materials and the raw materials into a high-speed kneader, fully mixing the raw materials into slurry, allowing the slurry to flow into a slurry containing barrel, and then pouring the slurry into a hopper of an extruder set;
s3, pouring the material obtained in the step S2 into a single-screw extruder for melting and plasticizing, and then extruding and molding through a film blowing machine head; introducing compressed air after extrusion, blowing the compressed air, and starting a traction roller to draw and stretch the film bubble; starting a fan to blow cold air to the surface of the film, and slowly cooling the film bubble until the film bubble is cooled and shaped; pressing and laminating the film bubble by using a herringbone plate, then drawing by using a drawing roller, automatically winding the product by using a winding machine, and cutting off redundant edges to obtain a mulching film body;
and S4, cutting the agricultural film prepared in the step S3 according to actual size requirements, fixing the agricultural film on a vertically placed glass plate, uniformly spraying the composite insect-repelling extracting solution on the mulching film body by using a sprayer, pushing and pulling the sprayer to and fro 15-20 times, naturally airing at room temperature for 8-10 hours, and then sealing and packaging.
Example 4 (without addition of coloring agent)
S1, weighing the following components in proportion: 30 parts of PBAT, 50 parts of PLA and 10 parts of calcium carbonate filler, wherein the components are dried and pretreated in a drying oven at 50-55 ℃ before use;
s2, weighing 8 parts of herbicide, 10 parts of plasticizer caprolactam, 15 parts of lubricant calcium stearate, 5 parts of antioxidant tea polyphenol with the mass fraction of 99% and the raw materials in the step S1 according to the proportion, adding the raw materials and the raw materials into a high-speed kneader, fully mixing the raw materials into slurry, allowing the slurry to flow into a slurry containing barrel, and pouring the slurry into a hopper of an extruder set;
s3, pouring the material obtained in the step S2 into a single-screw extruder for melting and plasticizing, and then extruding and molding by a film blowing machine head; introducing compressed air after extrusion, blowing the compressed air, and starting a traction roller to draw and stretch the film bubble; starting a fan to blow cold air to the surface of the film, and slowly cooling the film bubble until the film bubble is cooled and shaped; pressing and laminating the film bubble by using a herringbone plate, then drawing by using a drawing roller, automatically winding the product by using a winding machine, and cutting off redundant edges to obtain a mulching film body;
and S4, cutting the agricultural film prepared in the step S3 according to actual size requirements, fixing the agricultural film on a vertically placed glass plate, uniformly spraying the composite insect-repelling extracting solution on the mulching film body by using a sprayer, pushing and pulling the sprayer to and fro 15-20 times, naturally airing at room temperature for 8-10 hours, and then sealing and packaging.
Example 5 (substrate replaced by polyethylene)
S1, weighing the following components in proportion: taking 50 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 25 parts of low-density polyethylene and 10 parts of calcium carbonate filler, and drying and pretreating the ingredients in an oven at 50-55 ℃ before use;
s2, weighing 8 parts of herbicide, 10 parts of plastic agent caprolactam, 15 parts of lubricant calcium stearate, 5 parts of antioxidant tea polyphenol with the mass fraction of 99%, 2 parts of coloring agent and the raw materials in the step S1 according to the proportion, adding the raw materials into a high-speed kneader, fully mixing the raw materials into slurry, allowing the slurry to flow into a slurry containing barrel, and then pouring the slurry into a hopper of an extruder set;
s3, pouring the material obtained in the step S2 into a single-screw extruder for melting and plasticizing, and then extruding and molding through a film blowing machine head; introducing compressed air after extrusion, blowing the compressed air, and starting a traction roller to draw and stretch the film bubble; starting a fan to blow cold air to the surface of the film, and slowly cooling the film bubble until the film bubble is cooled and shaped; pressing and laminating the film bubble by using a herringbone plate, then drawing by using a drawing roller, automatically winding the product by using a winding machine, and cutting off redundant edges to obtain a mulching film body;
and S4, cutting the agricultural film prepared in the step S3 according to actual size requirements, fixing the agricultural film on a vertically placed glass plate, uniformly spraying the composite insect-repelling extracting solution on the mulching film body by using a sprayer, pushing and pulling the sprayer for 15-20 times in a reciprocating manner, naturally airing for 8-10 hours at room temperature, and then sealing and packaging.
Examples 1-5 were tested separately and included determination of mulch degradation performance, mulch insect repellency and mulch weed control.
And (3) determination of the degradation performance of the mulching film: the mulching film materials of examples 1 to 5 were cut into 30 × 30cm squares, mixed with compost inoculum, and then placed in a composting container for sufficient composting under conditions of a certain oxygen gas, temperature (58 ± 2 ℃), humidity (50-55%), and the like, and the degree of decomposition of the mulching film materials was observed at different times.
And (3) testing the insect expelling effect of the mulching film: cabbage caterpillar larvae, aphids and scale insects are used as experimental insects for measuring the pest aversion, a sealed glass observation cabinet with the size of 60 x 60cm is used, the airtight glass observation cabinet is divided into a left chamber and a right chamber with holes, the left chamber and the right chamber are provided with green vegetable plants with basins, the green vegetable plants with basins are placed in the left chamber and the right chamber, mulching film materials prepared in the embodiment 1-5 are taken and respectively sleeved on flower pots with green vegetable plants in the right chamber, and the plants penetrate through a mulching film. Putting 100 experimental insects into a glass observation cabinet at random, communicating a left room and a right room, separating the left room and the right room by a partition plate after 24 hours, recording the number of the insects in the two rooms, and calculating the insect expelling rate, wherein the calculation formula is as follows: the insect repelling rate = (the number of the left ventricular worms per the number of the right ventricular worms per the number of the left ventricular worms per 100%), and experiments are carried out for 3 to 5 times, and the average value is obtained.
And (3) measuring the weed suppression property of the mulching film: the experimental group used the prepared mulching film materials of examples 1 to 5 laid on the plant soil, and set the plants of the control group to be directly sown, and the crops were observed and recorded for 40 days, and the growth number of weeds, the growth condition of the crops, and the weed inhibition rate = (control group weeds-experimental group weeds)/control group weeds = 100% were respectively recorded.
The results of the measurement experiments are shown in tables 1-3:
TABLE 1 determination of mulch film degradation
TABLE 2 determination of the insect-repelling effect of mulching film
| Examples | Larva of cabbage caterpillar | Larva of cabbage caterpillar | Aphid | Scale insect |
| Example 1 | 86％ | 79％ | 75％ | 71％ |
| Example 2 | -2％ | 2％ | 1％ | -1％ |
| Example 3 | 76％ | 68％ | 79％ | 69％ |
| Example 4 | 84％ | 78％ | 76％ | 71％ |
| Example 5 | 85％ | 77％ | 76％ | 70％ |
TABLE 3 determination table of weed-inhibiting property of mulching film
As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the common polyethylene mulching films in the market, the PLA/PBAT mulching film has the degradation rate obviously higher than that of the polyethylene mulching film within the same time, and in practical use, after 3-4 months, crops begin to degrade obviously after a complete growth period, and can be completely decomposed within 6-9 months, so that the serious environmental problems of white pollution and the like caused by the traditional mulching film can be effectively solved.
Analysis table 2 shows that the embodiment added with the composite insect-repelling extracting solution has a good repelling effect on experimental insects, the composite insect-repelling extracting solution is composed of different plant extracting solutions, the repelling action area on various pests is wider, plants can be effectively protected from being invaded by the pests, and the yield is improved.
Analysis table 3 shows that the mulching film material of the example added with the herbicide has a very significant weed inhibition effect and a very excellent weed inhibition effect, and the color of the mulching film material has a very great influence on the weed inhibition effect of the mulching film in comparative example 4 and example 3.
In conclusion, the herbicide and various additives are added in the forming process of the mulching film body, so that the aging resistance, plasticity and other performances of the final mulching film body are effectively improved, the base material is produced by adopting a degradable material, the mulching film body can be automatically degraded after being used, the environment pollution is avoided, the herbicide is added, the surface of the mulching film body is coated with the composite insect-repelling extracting solution, and the important effects of weeding and insect repelling are given to the mulching film body to comprehensively protect the growth of crops.
The embodiments of the present invention are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an agricultural insect repellent grassland suppression membrane of degradable, includes the plastic film body, its characterized in that: the mulching film body is formed by melt blending PBAT and PLA and then blow molding, a herbicide and an additive are added in the preparation process of the mulching film body, and a composite insect-repelling extracting solution is coated on the two sides of the mulching film body.
2. The degradable agricultural insect-repelling grassland film according to claim 1, wherein the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 25-35 parts of PBAT, 45-55 parts of PLA, 5-10 parts of herbicide, 10-15 parts of calcium carbonate filler, 25-35 parts of additive, 25-35 parts of composite insect-repellent extracting solution and 2-3 parts of coloring agent.
3. The degradable agricultural insect-repelling grass-inhibiting mulching film according to claim 2, wherein: the herbicide is a mixture of PHBV and 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid MVPA.
4. The degradable agricultural insect-repelling grass-inhibiting mulching film according to claim 2, wherein: the additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of caprolactam serving as a plasticizer, 13-17 parts of calcium stearate serving as a lubricant and 3-6 parts of tea polyphenol serving as an antioxidant.
5. The degradable agricultural insect-repelling grass-inhibiting mulching film according to claim 2, wherein: the composite insect repelling extracting solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8-12 parts of tobacco extract, 4-6 parts of pepper extract and 13-17 parts of artemisia argyi extract.
6. The degradable agricultural insect-repelling grassland suppression film as claimed in claim 5, wherein the tobacco extract is extracted by the following steps:
A. mixing the dried tobacco stems and the waste cigarette ends according to the proportion of 1;
B. weighing 2 parts of the mixture powder in the step A by weight, placing the mixture powder into a three-necked bottle B, adding 10 parts of NaCl and 30 parts of deionized water, and mixing the mixture powder with 8 parts of NaOH 23% by weight and stirring the mixture powder fully and uniformly;
C. adding 300 parts of deionized water into the three-necked bottle A; 10 parts of 15% hydrochloric acid solution is put into the flask C, and the tail end of the condensation pipe extends into the hydrochloric acid solution in the triangular flask C;
D. and (3) opening condensed water, heating and distilling the three-necked bottle A, after the water is boiled, heating the three-necked bottle B to keep the temperature at 50-60 ℃ until the pH value of the solution in the triangular bottle C is more than or equal to 10.5, and distilling by a listener to obtain the tobacco extract.
7. The degradable agricultural insect-repelling grassland suppression film as claimed in claim 5, wherein the extraction of the pepper extract comprises the following steps:
A. weighing 2 parts by weight of dry red pepper, removing pepper handles and pepper seeds, cleaning with clear water, drying in the sun, and drying in a constant-temperature drying oven at 50 ℃ for 2 hours;
B. b, crushing the dried red peppers in the step A into dried red pepper powder of 40-60 meshes by using a traditional Chinese medicine crusher;
C. measuring 15 parts of 40% -60% ethanol solution by using a measuring cylinder, putting the chili powder prepared in the step B into a conical flask filled with ethanol, shaking up, and plugging;
D. leaching the solution in the step C in a water bath kettle at 50 ℃ for 90min, slightly cooling the leaching solution, then carrying out reduced pressure filtration, recovering filter residues for carrying out second extraction, and combining the two filtrates;
E. and D, carrying out reduced pressure concentration on the extracting solution in the step D, preliminarily controlling the water bath temperature at 40 ℃, preliminarily controlling the rotating speed at 60r/min, then gradually increasing the water bath temperature to 65 ℃, gradually increasing the rotating speed to 90r/min, and taking out until the filtrate is volatilized to about 7-8 so as to obtain the pepper extracting solution.
8. The degradable agricultural insect-repelling grassland suppression film as claimed in claim 5, wherein the extraction of the mugwort extract comprises the following steps:
A. weighing 5 parts by weight of dry mugwort, cleaning, and drying at 50-60 ℃ by using a constant-temperature air-blast drying oven;
B. pouring the mugwort hay obtained in the step A into a traditional Chinese medicine grinder to be ground into mugwort powder of 40-60 meshes;
C. packaging the mugwort powder obtained in the step B with gauze, putting into a Soxhlet extractor, installing an extraction device, adding 50 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol as an extractant, and heating in a water bath at 75-80 ℃ for extraction until the color of the extract is not changed;
D. and D, performing suction filtration on the extracting solution in the step C by using a vacuum suction filtration device, pouring the extracting solution into a rotary evaporator, and distilling at 75-85 ℃ until all absolute ethyl alcohol is evaporated to dryness to obtain the artemisia argyi extracting solution.
9. The method for preparing the degradable agricultural insect-repelling lawn-inhibiting mulch film according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the coloring agent is one of a black pigment or a green pigment, the black pigment is carbon black, and the green pigment is one or more of chromium green, lead green, iron green or cobalt green.
10. A method of making a degradable agricultural insect repellent turf film according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprising the steps of:
s1, weighing according to the proportion: 25-35 parts of PBAT, 45-55 parts of PLA and 10-15 parts of calcium carbonate filler, wherein the components are dried and pretreated in a drying oven at 50-55 ℃ before use;
s2, weighing 5-10 parts of herbicide, 8-12 parts of plastic agent caprolactam, 13-17 parts of lubricant calcium stearate, 3-6 parts of antioxidant tea polyphenol with the mass fraction of 99%, 2-3 parts of coloring agent and the raw materials in the step S1 according to the proportion, adding the raw materials into a high-speed kneader, fully mixing the raw materials into slurry, allowing the slurry to flow into a slurry containing barrel, and pouring the slurry into a hopper of an extruder set;
s3, pouring the material obtained in the step S2 into a single-screw extruder for melting and plasticizing, and then extruding and molding through a film blowing machine head; introducing compressed air after extrusion, blowing the compressed air, and starting a traction roller to draw and stretch the film bubble; starting a fan to blow cold air to the surface of the film, and slowly cooling the film bubble until the film bubble is cooled and shaped; pressing the laminated film bubble by using a herringbone plate, then drawing by using a drawing roller, automatically winding the product by using a winding machine, and cutting off redundant edges to obtain a mulching film body;
and S4, cutting the agricultural film prepared in the step S3 according to actual size requirements, fixing the agricultural film on a vertically placed glass plate, uniformly spraying the composite insect-repelling extracting solution on the mulching film body by using a sprayer, pushing and pulling the sprayer for 15-20 times in a reciprocating manner, naturally airing for 8-10 hours at room temperature, and then carrying out sealing and packaging treatment to obtain the degradable agricultural insect-repelling weed-inhibiting mulching film.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117382285A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2024-01-12 | 山东农业大学 | Multifunctional controllable multilayer co-extrusion biodegradable mulching film and preparation method thereof |
| CN118160557A (en) * | 2024-05-13 | 2024-06-11 | 内蒙古龙泽节水灌溉科技有限公司 | Degradable mulching film with insect expelling function and preparation method thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102428852A (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2012-05-02 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Degradable agricultural natural insect-repelling mulching film and preparation method thereof |
| CN102972393A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2013-03-20 | 中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站 | Agricultural weeding earth membrane capable of being completely biodegraded |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102428852A (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2012-05-02 | 中国农业科学院麻类研究所 | Degradable agricultural natural insect-repelling mulching film and preparation method thereof |
| CN102972393A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2013-03-20 | 中国热带农业科学院湛江实验站 | Agricultural weeding earth membrane capable of being completely biodegraded |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117382285A (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2024-01-12 | 山东农业大学 | Multifunctional controllable multilayer co-extrusion biodegradable mulching film and preparation method thereof |
| CN117382285B (en) * | 2023-10-10 | 2024-05-17 | 山东农业大学 | Multifunctional controllable multilayer co-extrusion biodegradable mulching film and preparation method thereof |
| CN118160557A (en) * | 2024-05-13 | 2024-06-11 | 内蒙古龙泽节水灌溉科技有限公司 | Degradable mulching film with insect expelling function and preparation method thereof |
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