CN110128770A - A kind of degradable black weeding film and preparation method thereof and application method - Google Patents
A kind of degradable black weeding film and preparation method thereof and application method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2300/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
- C08J2300/16—Biodegradable polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2329/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols
- C08J2329/04—Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2467/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2467/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2467/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2467/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C08K13/02—Organic and inorganic ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/014—Additives containing two or more different additives of the same subgroup in C08K
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
- C08K5/11—Esters; Ether-esters of acyclic polycarboxylic acids
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of degradable black weeding film, formula is calculated as according to mass fraction: 50~100 parts of degradation plastic matrix, 20~50 parts of plasticizer, 5-15 parts of black filler, 2~10 parts of Paris white, 0.5~2 part of UV resistant agent；In addition the preparation method and application method of the above-mentioned degradable black weeding film of open class of the present invention.The degradable black weeding film of one kind provided by the invention can significantly inhibit weed growth, and increase soil moisture content, significantly improve soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass, promote seedling normal growth；In addition degradable black weeding film provided by the invention has moderate degradative phase, can satisfy demand of the crops in different growth stage to the soil moisture, moisture, and do not generate pollution, environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to capital goods in the agricultural sector technical fields, and in particular to a kind of degradable black weeding film and its system
Preparation Method and application method.
Background technique
Mulch plays the role of the raising soil moisture in agricultural production, keeps soil moisture, currently, China's mulch product
95% or more is normal transparent mulch, and main problem existing for normal transparent mulch is cannot to prevent weeds of going out, and is especially covered in early spring
Gai Shi, the heating of transparent mulch, insulation effect make that the weed germination under film is early, growth is especially vigorous, largely reduced mulch guarantor
The effect of temperature soil moisture conservation, weeds and crop strive water and strive fertilizer, seriously affect plant growth, cause the underproduction.
And the method for preventing weeds at present mainly has the sprinkling herbicide before overlay film, directlys adopt chemical weed control film and people
Work weeding, herbicide can be absorbed by plants as a kind of pesticide or into soil, permeate the ground water source, to environment and health not
Benefit, and the use technical requirements of herbicide are higher, are not easy to grasp to the herbicide type, the concentration that spray, practical application is more difficult；Change
Herbicide film is learned in China's once test spread, also because failing to be widely applied there are problem above；And manpower weeding, at high cost and effect
Rate is low.
In addition, the ground membrane material being widely used at present mainly based on polythene material, is unable to natural degradation, leads to soil
In save bit by bit some residual film fragments, these residual film fragments have been changed or turned off the continuity in soil aperture, cause to pour water it is uneven and
Nutrient distribution is uneven, and soil aeration performance reduces, and influences soil microbial activity and normal soil texture is formed, final to reduce
?；And a large amount of plasticizer is often added in the mulch under the prior art, such as DOP (dioctyl phthalate), DBP (adjacent benzene
Dibutyl carboxylic acid), there is potential carcinogenicity.
Patent No. 201620146037.X, the Chinese utility model of entitled " black thin film physical weed control device " are special
Benefit discloses a kind of black thin film physical weed control device, including kind of planting-line and the black plastic film being covered on kind of planting-line, covers
The following of the black plastic film covered on kind of planting-line buckles into kind of a planting-line bottom with angle iron, and sets up vacuum evacuation device, leads to
That crosses black thin film prevention sunray is suppressed weed growth by the collective effect with oxygen rareness.In the patent
Vacuum pumping is complicated, expensive, is not easy to realize.
Therefore, degradable black weeding film of one kind and preparation method thereof and application method are developed regarding to the issue above,
Not only there is urgent researching value, it may have good economic benefit and agriculture application potential, this is exactly that the present invention has been able to
At power where and basis.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defect of the prior art as indicated above, the present inventor has made intensive studies this, is paying
After a large amount of creative works, so as to complete the present invention.
Specifically, the purpose of the present invention is research and develop degradable black weeding film of one kind and preparation method thereof and use
Method is as follows to solve the problems, such as:
(1) the transparent mulch generallyd use under the prior art cannot prevent weeds of going out, and can promote weed germination early, raw instead
Length is especially vigorous, causes crop failure；
(2) herbicide is sprayed before currently used overlay film and directlys adopt two kinds of weeding techniques of chemical weed control film, to ring
Border and health are unfavorable, and herbicide is higher using technical requirements, and practical application is difficult；And artificial weeding is costly and inefficient；
(3) the ground membrane material used under the prior art mainly based on polythene material, is unable to natural degradation, makes to soil
At white pollution, the fertility level for eventually leading to soil is reduced.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme is that
A kind of degradable black weeding film, formula are calculated as according to mass fraction: degradation plastic matrix 50~100
Part, 20~50 parts of plasticizer, 5-15 parts of black filler, 2~10 parts of Paris white, 0.5~2 part of UV resistant agent.
As an improvement formula is calculated as according to mass fraction: 78 parts of degradation plastic matrix, 34 parts of plasticizer, black
9 parts of color filler, 6.7 parts of Paris white, 1.3 parts of UV resistant agent.
As an improvement the degradation plastic matrix is polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates, poly-epsilon-caprolactone, poly- fourth
One of succinate adipate, polyvinyl alcohol and carbon dioxide copolymer are a variety of.
As an improvement the degradation plastic matrix is polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates, poly-epsilon-caprolactone, poly- fourth
The mixture of succinate adipate and polyvinyl alcohol, quality proportioning 3:1:1:3:5
As an improvement the plasticizer is epoxidized soybean oil, tributyl citrate, trioctyl lemon acid, acetyl lemon
It is one or more in lemon acid tributyl, acetyl tributyl citrate.
As an improvement the plasticizer is epoxidized soybean oil, tributyl citrate, trioctyl lemon acid, acetyl lemon
The mixture of lemon acid tributyl, acetyl tributyl citrate, quality proportioning 6:1:2:1:2.
As an improvement the black filler is one of carbon black, graphite, black agglomerate or a variety of.
As an improvement the black filler includes carbon black, graphite and black agglomerate, quality proportioning 3:1:5.
The method for preparing the degradable black weeding film of above-mentioned one kind, first will be according to the weighed each component of mass fraction
It is mixed using mixer or screw extruder, then be shaped to black weeding film product by squeezing out pulling method；
Using mixer mixing method particularly includes: degradation plastic matrix is put into mixer first,
It is melted at a temperature of 150-220 DEG C；Then black filler is added, is kneaded uniformly, temperature is adjusted to 150-180 DEG C, adds carbon
Sour calcium powder and UV resistant agent are kneaded uniformly, are eventually adding plasticizer, are kneaded uniformly, are used into extruder and squeeze out pulling method
It is shaped to the black weeding film product with a thickness of 0.015-0.05mm；
Using screw extruder mixing method particularly includes: successively by degradation plastic matrix, black filler, carbonic acid
Calcium powder, UV resistant agent, plasticizer are put into premixing barrel mixing, then deliver into screw rod, screw temperature set is
It 170-220 DEG C, is kneaded uniformly, is shaped to the black weeding with a thickness of 0.015-0.05mm using pulling method is squeezed out into extruder
Film product.
Use a kind of method of degradable black weeding film prepared by the above method, specific steps are as follows:
S01, before planting crops, first prepare plantation big field, use the black weeding film all standing, benefit
Make the black weeding film distance plantation ground 3-5cm with bracket or alley；
After S02, the black weeding film cover 10-15 days according to S01, crops are passed through by required line-spacing and spacing in the rows
The black weeding film plantation sprinkles profoundly water after plantation to big Tanaka.
After above-mentioned technical proposal, compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
It (1), can firstly, the plastic substrate in black weeding film formulation provided by the invention is degradation plastic matrix
It is decomposed under field conditions (factors) by biology, the final product of degradation is carbon dioxide, water, honey comb like porous material and low molecule
Salt can be absorbed for photosynthesis by plant there is no need to recycle to it, not can cause environmental pollution, drop simultaneously
Low labor intensity；
Secondly, further including having the black filler of certain mass proportion and resisting in black weeding film formulation provided by the invention
Ultraviolet light agent guarantees that black thin film light transmittance 1~10%, can effectively prevent sunray across film, and then inhibit Tanaka
The noxious plants such as weeds photosynthesis occurs, have the function that weeding, and weeds can be fertile as nature after rotting naturally
Material, can effectively improve the soil of Tanaka；
In addition, on the one hand the addition of Paris white can accelerate the degradation of film, on the other hand can reduce film at
This；The addition of plasticizer can be improved the water resistance and tensile strength of film.
(2) in the present invention, degradation plastic matrix is polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates, poly-epsilon-caprolactone, poly-succinic fourth
The mixture of diol ester and polyvinyl alcohol, quality proportioning 3:1:1:3:5, in which:
Polylactic acid is with lactic acid for the obtained high molecular polymer of main polymerizable raw material, and lactic acid is one kind in animals and plants
With native compound common in microbial body, easy natural decomposition, polylactic acid has high-intensitive, good resilience, excellent
Curling and crimp retention；
Polyhydroxyalkanoate, degradation property and excellent in mechanical performance, because its price is too high, low ratio adds in formula
While being added in the comprehensive performance for improving film, and reduce production cost；
Poly-epsilon-caprolactone, high mechanical properties, degradation speed is fast, is used in compounding with other components, can improve film
Mechanical property, and degradation speed can be improved；
Poly butylene succinate is to be synthesized by succinic acid and butanediol through condensation polymerization, easily by the more of nature
Kind of microorganism or the intracorporal enzyme of animals and plants decompose, metabolism, is finally decomposed to carbon dioxide and water, be can wide popularization and application it is logical
With type biodegradable plastic；
Polyvinyl alcohol is biodegradable resin, has good moulding processability, secondary workability, can be improved thin
The mechanical property and biodegradability of film.
(3) in the present invention, plasticizer includes epoxidized soybean oil, tributyl citrate, trioctyl lemon acid, acetyl tributyl citrate
One of tributyl, acetyl tributyl citrate are a variety of, in which:
Epoxidized soybean oil, be with soybean oil after oxidation processes a kind of chemical products obtained, asepsis environment-protecting, with modeling
Expect that matrix has preferable compatibility, volatility is low, migration is small, can make film that there is excellent thermal stability, light to stablize
Property and water-oil resistance, can be improved the mechanical strength, weatherability and electrical property of film；
Tributyl citrate is to be reacted by citric acid with n-butanol, and toxicity is low and plasticizing efficiency is high, film can be made to have
There are good cold resistance, water resistance and fungus resistance；
Trioctyl lemon acid, cold resistance, have excellent water-resistance at light resistance, and plasticizing efficiency is high, nontoxic, can replace existing
Phthalate under technology with carcinogenesis is as plasticizer；
Tributyl 2-acetylcitrate is extracted in various plants, and esterification generates under the action of a series of catalyst
A kind of novel environment friendly nontoxic plasticizer；
Acetyl tributyl citrate is using p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid as catalyst, and citric acid, n-octyl alcohol and acetic anhydride are raw material conjunction
At for nontoxic plasticizer；
The rate accelerating material made of quality proportioning compounding of the said components according to 6:1:2:1:2, is guaranteeing the nontoxic nothing of film
While evil, and it can guarantee the mechanical strength of film.
(4) in the present invention, black filler includes carbon black, graphite and black agglomerate, wherein black agglomerate is in plastic substrate
Dispersion it is best, be conducive to that filler is evenly dispersed within a short period of time, stablizes moulding process, but price is higher；Carbon black is being moulded
Expect that the dispersibility in matrix is preferable, cheap；Although graphite light transmittance is minimum but dispersed poor；Carbon black, graphite and black
Master batch is added according to the mass ratio of 3:1:5, is conducive to the evenly dispersed of filler, can either be guaranteed the quality of film, also can
Production efficiency is enough improved, cost is reduced.
(5) in the application method of the degradable black weeding film of one kind provided by the present invention, it is directed at the big of plant that make preparations for sowing
Field after utilizing black weeding film all standing 10-15 days in the height of distance plantation ground 3-5cm, then carries out crops
Plantation, during this period, the weeds under the covering of black weeding film can remove 75%~90%, rotten is miscellaneous because cannot get sunlight
Grass is mixed into soil, not only can be used as the nutrient raw material of growth of seedling, moreover it is possible to improve to soil；
(6) light transmittance of the degradable black weeding film of one kind provided by the invention is extremely low, and radiant heat penetrates less, institute
The soil temperature day and night temperature amplitude of variation of mulched ground can be made smaller, the normal growth of seedlings root may advantageously facilitate, and to
Without taking film off after kind item germination, the weeds to have germinateed below such film is very weak because can not see sunlight growing power, and seedling
The phenomenon that then mushrooming out under suitable environment, effectively prevent " grass takes advantage of seedling ".
(7) the degradable black weeding film formulation of one kind provided by the invention and each group distribution ratio are reasonable, can guarantee
The degradation cycle of film and the breeding time of crops have preferable identical property: being conducive to the guarantor of soil early period in crops fertility
Temperature soil moisture conservation；It in crops water consumption peak period, can be infiltrated by what the aperture degraded out moisturized, increase soil moisture and contain
Amount；In crop harvesting, film is basically completed degradation, low consumption environmental protection.
In conclusion the degradable black weeding film of one kind provided by the invention can significantly inhibit weed growth, and
Increase soil moisture content, significantly improve soil enzyme activities and microbial biomass, promotes seedling normal growth；In addition provided by the invention
Degradable black weeding film have moderate degradative phase, can satisfy crops different growth stage to the soil moisture,
The demand of moisture, and pollution is not generated, environmental protection.
Specific embodiment
It in order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical solution be clearly and completely described.The person that is not specified actual conditions in embodiment, according to normal conditions or manufacturer builds
The condition of view carries out.Production firm person is not specified in ingredient used or instrument, is the conventional production that can be obtained by commercially available purchase
Product.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of degradable black weeding film is formulated as follows according to mass fraction meter:
Wherein:
Degradation plastic matrix is that degradation plastic matrix is polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates, poly-epsilon-caprolactone, polybutadiene
The mixture of sour butanediol ester and polyvinyl alcohol, quality proportioning 3:1:1:3:5；
Plasticizer is epoxidized soybean oil, tributyl citrate, trioctyl lemon acid, tributyl 2-acetylcitrate, acetyl lemon
The mixture of lemon three monooctyl esters of acid, quality proportioning 6:1:2:1:2；
Black filler includes carbon black, graphite and black agglomerate, quality proportioning 3:1:5.
The black weeding film that one kind of the present embodiment is degradable is prepared in accordance with the following steps:
S01-1, each component is weighed according to above-mentioned mass fraction；
S01-2, degradation plastic matrix is put into mixer, is melted at a temperature of 200 DEG C；
S01-3, black filler is added, is kneaded uniformly, temperature is adjusted to 160 DEG C, adds Paris white and uvioresistant
Line agent is kneaded uniformly, is eventually adding plasticizer, is kneaded uniform；
S01-4, by S01-3 prepare mixing materials enter extruder using squeeze out pulling method be shaped to a thickness of 0.03mm's
Black weeding film product.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of degradable black weeding film is formulated as follows according to mass fraction meter:
Wherein:
Degradation plastic matrix is that degradation plastic matrix is the mixed of polylactic acid, poly butylene succinate and polyvinyl alcohol
Close object, quality proportioning 2:3:5；
Plasticizer is epoxidized soybean oil；
Black filler is carbon black.
The black weeding film that one kind of the present embodiment is degradable is prepared in accordance with the following steps:
S01-1, each component is weighed according to above-mentioned mass fraction；
S01-2, degradation plastic matrix is put into mixer, is melted at a temperature of 150 DEG C；
S01-3, black filler is added, is kneaded uniformly, temperature is adjusted to 150 DEG C, adds Paris white and uvioresistant
Line agent is kneaded uniformly, is eventually adding plasticizer, is kneaded uniform；
S01-4, by S01-3 prepare mixing materials enter extruder using squeeze out pulling method be shaped to a thickness of 0.015mm
Black weeding film product.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of degradable black weeding film is formulated as follows according to mass fraction meter:
Wherein:
Degradation plastic matrix is that degradation plastic matrix is poly-epsilon-caprolactone, poly butylene succinate and polyvinyl alcohol
Mixture, quality proportioning 1:3:5；
Plasticizer is epoxidized soybean oil, tributyl citrate, trioctyl lemon acid, quality proportioning 6:1:2；
Black filler is graphite.
The black weeding film that one kind of the present embodiment is degradable is prepared in accordance with the following steps:
S01-1, each component is weighed according to above-mentioned mass fraction；
S01-2, successively by degradation plastic matrix, black filler, Paris white, UV resistant agent, plasticizer put into
It is pre-mixed barrel mixing；
S01-3, the mixed material of S01-2 being delivered into screw rod, screw temperature set is 220 DEG C, it is kneaded uniformly,
S01-4, by S01-3 prepare mixing materials enter extruder using squeeze out pulling method be shaped to a thickness of 0.05mm's
Black weeding film product.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of degradable black weeding film is formulated as follows according to mass fraction meter:
Wherein:
Degradation plastic matrix is that degradation plastic matrix is polyvinyl alcohol；
Plasticizer is the mixture of epoxidized soybean oil, tributyl citrate, tributyl 2-acetylcitrate, and quality proportioning is
3:1:1；
Black filler is black agglomerate.
The black weeding film that one kind of the present embodiment is degradable is prepared in accordance with the following steps:
S01-1, each component is weighed according to above-mentioned mass fraction；
S01-2, successively by degradation plastic matrix, black filler, Paris white, UV resistant agent, plasticizer put into
It is pre-mixed barrel mixing；
S01-3, the mixed material of S01-2 being delivered into screw rod, screw temperature set is 170 DEG C, it is kneaded uniformly,
S01-4, by S01-3 prepare mixing materials enter extruder using squeeze out pulling method be shaped to a thickness of 0.02mm's
Black weeding film product.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of degradable black weeding film is formulated as follows according to mass fraction meter:
Wherein:
Degradation plastic matrix is the mixing of polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates, poly-epsilon-caprolactone, poly butylene succinate
Object, quality proportioning 3:1:1:3；
Plasticizer is the mixture of epoxidized soybean oil, tributyl citrate, tributyl 2-acetylcitrate, and quality proportioning is
6:1:1；
Black filler is carbon black and black agglomerate, quality proportioning 3:5.
The black weeding film that one kind of the present embodiment is degradable is prepared in accordance with the following steps:
S01-1, each component is weighed according to above-mentioned mass fraction；
S01-2, degradation plastic matrix is put into mixer, is melted at a temperature of 220 DEG C；
S01-3, black filler is added, is kneaded uniformly, temperature is adjusted to 180 DEG C, adds Paris white and uvioresistant
Line agent is kneaded uniformly, is eventually adding plasticizer, is kneaded uniform；
S01-4, by S01-3 prepare mixing materials enter extruder using squeeze out pulling method be shaped to a thickness of 0.04mm's
Black weeding film product.
Comparative example: Plain mulch, film thickness 0.008mm.
The Plain mulch of black weeding film prepared by above-described embodiment 1-5 and comparative example is respectively applied to standard
Make preparations for sowing the big Tanaka of plant, carries out field trial, specific as follows:
(1) test site: test is carried out in Shandong Province peanut cultivation base；
(2) material to be tested
It is that flower educates No. 22 for examination variety of crops, seed is provided by Shandong Peanut Inst., which is precocious common
Type major peanut, plant type is upright, and in result set, breeding time 130d or so, disease resistance and drought resisting resistance to overhead flooding injury are medium.
It is that black weeding film prepared by embodiment 1-5 and comparative example Plain mulch are tested for examination film；
(3) experimental design
Test uses RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, is repeated 3 times, plot area 30m2, every 6 row of cell, 3 ridges, small line-spacing 25cm, cave
Away from 16cm, 2, every cave, per hectare uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields ternary compound fertilizer (15%N-4.3%P-8.3%K) 500kg before ridging.
(4) test method
The application method of black weeding film prepared by embodiment 1 is as follows:
S01, before planting first makes film using bracket or alley using film all standing in the big field for preparing plantation
Distance plantation ground 4cm；
After S02, film covers 12 days according to S01, kind grain is passed through into film by required line-spacing and spacing in the rows and is planted to big Tanaka,
It is sprinkled profoundly water after plantation；
The application method of black weeding film prepared by embodiment 2 is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference place is thin
Film distance plantation ground 3cm；The film cover time is 10 days before planting；
The application method of black weeding film prepared by embodiment 3 is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference place is thin
Film distance plantation ground 5cm；The film cover time is 15 days before planting；
The application method of black weeding film prepared by embodiment 4 is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference place is thin
Film distance plantation ground 4cm；The film cover time is 13 days before planting；
The application method of black weeding film prepared by embodiment 5 is substantially the same manner as Example 1, and difference place is thin
Film distance plantation ground 3cm；The film cover time is 14 days before planting；
The application method of comparative example Plain mulch is same as Example 1.
It needs to illustrate in practical application herein, which is not limited only to educate flower No. 22 plantations, other crops
It is also suitable.
(5) measurement item and method
(1) degradation speed of film
A film degradation situation is observed and recorded every l0d after overlay film.Film degradation graded index is referring to following method:
0 grade: not cracked；
1 grade: starting cracked；
2 grades: there are fine cracks in 25% film of field；
3 grades: there is 2-2.5cm crackle in film；
4 grades: there is uniform pattern cracking in mulch, and no bulk mulch exists；
5 grades: existing substantially without mulch on the face of ridge.
(2) weeding rate
1m is chosen in three periods before overlay film, when peanut cultivation, when harvesting peanut respectively, each processing2, will own
Weeds take back indoor clean and dry, and are placed in 105 DEG C of insulating box and dry 30min, temperature is then dropped to 80 DEG C, continues to dry
Dry weight is measured to constant weight, the weeds dry weight of three above period is respectively labeled as m1、m2、m3；
Film weeding rate %=(m when peanut cultivation2-m1)/m1×100。
Film weeding rate %=(m when harvesting peanut3-m1)/m1×100。
(3) measurement of Development of Peanut
The peanut plant of 5 caves growth neat and consistent is selected in every processing when harvesting peanut, investigates per plant number, full fruit number, criticizes
Fruit number, young fruit number.It surveys and is harvested when producing by cell, every cell takes 10m2, pod dries rear weightometer and produces.Pod is harvested from every cell
In take 3000g species test at random, calculate kilogram fruit number.
(4) measurement of Soil Micro-environment
The measurement of soil moisture content: using soil drilling method, take each processing 0-10cm, 10-20cm every 20d, 20-40cm's
Soil layer soil, oven drying method measure water content；
The measurement of the soil organism: potassium bichromate Outside Heating Method is used.
(6) test result
(1) the degradation speed test result of film is as shown in table 1.
The degradation speed situation table of 1 embodiment 1-5 of table and the film of comparative example
Note: 0-5 indicates film degradation graded index, wherein 0 grade of expression is not cracked；1 grade of expression starts cracked；
There are fine cracks in 2 grades of 25% mulches of expression field；There is 2-2.5cm crackle in 3 grades of expression mulches；4 grades of expression mulches occur equal
Even pattern cracking, no bulk mulch exist；5 grades of expression ridges and it is upper substantially without mulch exist.
As can be seen from Table 1, for the film of embodiment 1-5 preparation in the harvesting peanut phase, the degradation grade of film has reached 4-5
Grade, substantially exist without obvious film in field, and the common ground film of comparative example is just split in harvesting peanut
Line, and this belongs to the normal loss of Plain mulch, and white pollution is formed in field with regard to this common ground film, needs to carry out clear
It removes, increases labor intensity.
(2) test result of weeding rate is as shown in table 2.
The weeding rate situation table of 2 embodiment 1-5 of table and the film of comparative example
As can be seen from Table 2, embodiment 1-5 can effectively remove weeds, and the film weeding rate in peanut cultivation reaches 75
~90%, when arriving harvesting peanut, weeding rate reaches 95~99%, and comparative example normal transparent mulch do not effectively remove not only it is miscellaneous
Grass promotes the flourish of weeds instead.
(3) Development of Peanut test result is as shown in table 3.
The influence of 3 embodiment 1-5 of table and the film of comparative example to peanut single productive forces and yield
It is small significant to respectively indicate difference for the identical lowercase of same column in table.
As can be seen from Table 3, the peanut per plant number that black weeding film prepared by embodiment 1-5 is covered is slightly lower
In comparative example Plain mulch, and difference has reached the level of signifiance, but at black weeding film prepared by embodiment 1-5
The lower full fruit number of reason is above comparative example Plain mulch, criticizes fruit number and young fruit number with being below comparative example Plain accordingly
Film, and difference has reached the level of signifiance, illustrates that black weeding film prepared by embodiment 1-5 can effectively facilitate peanut
Growth and development.
(4) measurement result of Soil Micro-environment is as shown in table 4, table 5.
4 embodiment 1-5 of table and the film of comparative example cover the influence to peanut 0-40cm soil moisture content
As can be seen from Table 4, black weeding film soil 0-40cm soil water-containing prepared by peanut covering embodiment 1-5
Amount is higher than comparative example Plain mulch, illustrates that black weeding film prepared by embodiment 1-5 can effectively increase in soil
Moisture content, guarantee the water demand of crops.
5 embodiment 1-5 of table and the film of comparative example cover the influence to soil organic matter content
It is small significant to respectively indicate difference for the identical lowercase of same column in table.
As can be seen from Table 5, the soil organic matter content of black weeding film prepared by peanut covering embodiment 1-5 is high
In comparative example Plain mulch, illustrate that black weeding film prepared by embodiment 1-5 can effectively increase having in soil
Machine matter content.
It should be appreciated that the purposes of these embodiments is merely to illustrate the present invention and is not intended to limit protection model of the invention
It encloses.In addition, it should also be understood that, after reading the technical contents of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make the present invention each
Kind change, modification and/or variation, all these equivalent forms equally fall within guarantor defined by the application the appended claims
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of degradable black weeding film, which is characterized in that its formula is calculated as according to mass fraction: degradation plastic base
50~100 parts of body, 20~50 parts of plasticizer, 5-15 parts of black filler, 2~10 parts of Paris white, 0.5~2 part of UV resistant agent.
2. a kind of degradable black weeding film as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that it is formulated according to mass fraction
It is calculated as: 78 parts of degradation plastic matrix, 34 parts of plasticizer, 9 parts of black filler, 6.7 parts of Paris white, 1.3 parts of UV resistant agent.
3. a kind of degradable black weeding film as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the degradation plastic matrix
For in polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates, poly-epsilon-caprolactone, poly butylene succinate, polyvinyl alcohol and carbon dioxide copolymer
It is one or more.
4. a kind of degradable black weeding film as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the degradation plastic matrix
For the mixture of polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates, poly-epsilon-caprolactone, poly butylene succinate and polyvinyl alcohol, quality is matched
Than for 3:1:1:3:5.
5. a kind of degradable black weeding film as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the plasticizer is that epoxy is big
It is soya-bean oil, tributyl citrate, trioctyl lemon acid, tributyl 2-acetylcitrate, one or more in acetyl tributyl citrate.
6. a kind of degradable black weeding film as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the plasticizer is that epoxy is big
Soya-bean oil, tributyl citrate, trioctyl lemon acid, tributyl 2-acetylcitrate, acetyl tributyl citrate mixture, matter
Amount proportion is 6:1:2:1:2.
7. a kind of degradable black weeding film as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the black filler is charcoal
One of black, graphite, black agglomerate are a variety of.
8. a kind of degradable black weeding film as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the black filler includes charcoal
Black, graphite and black agglomerate, quality proportioning 3:1:5.
9. the method for the degradable black weeding film of the one kind of preparation as described in claim 1-8 any one claim,
It is characterized in that, will be mixed first according to the weighed each component of mass fraction using mixer or screw extruder, then by squeezing
Pulling method is shaped to black weeding film product out；
Using mixer mixing method particularly includes: first put into degradation plastic matrix in mixer, in 150-220
It is melted at a temperature of DEG C；Then be added black filler, be kneaded uniformly, temperature is adjusted to 150-180 DEG C, add Paris white and
UV resistant agent is kneaded uniformly, is eventually adding plasticizer, is kneaded uniformly, is shaped to thickness using pulling method is squeezed out into extruder
Degree is the black weeding film product of 0.015-0.05mm；
Using screw extruder mixing method particularly includes: successively by degradation plastic matrix, black filler, calcium carbonate
Powder, UV resistant agent, plasticizer are put into premixing barrel mixing, then deliver into screw rod, screw temperature set 170-
It 220 DEG C, is kneaded uniformly, is shaped to the black weeding film with a thickness of 0.015-0.05mm using pulling method is squeezed out into extruder
Finished product.
10. using the method for the degradable black weeding film of one kind prepared by such as claim 9, which is characterized in that specific step
Suddenly are as follows:
S01, before planting crops, first prepare plantation big field utilize branch using the black weeding film all standing
Frame or alley make the black weeding film distance plantation ground 3-5cm；
After S02, the black weeding film cover 10-15 days according to S01, by crops by required line-spacing and spacing in the rows across described
Black weeding film is planted to big Tanaka, is sprinkled profoundly water after plantation.
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| CN201910278269.9A CN110128770A (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2019-04-09 | A kind of degradable black weeding film and preparation method thereof and application method |
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| CN201910278269.9A CN110128770A (en) | 2019-04-09 | 2019-04-09 | A kind of degradable black weeding film and preparation method thereof and application method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112898990A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-04 | 中新国际联合研究院 | Natural environment-friendly herbicide and preparation method thereof |
| CN113640461A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-11-12 | 同济大学 | Method for evaluating biodegradable mulching film in field of organic fertilizer rice cultivation |
-
2019
- 2019-04-09 CN CN201910278269.9A patent/CN110128770A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112898990A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-04 | 中新国际联合研究院 | Natural environment-friendly herbicide and preparation method thereof |
| CN113640461A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-11-12 | 同济大学 | Method for evaluating biodegradable mulching film in field of organic fertilizer rice cultivation |
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Application publication date: 20190816 |