CN115493816A - Method for improving target shooting precision of large laser device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving the targeting precision of a large-scale laser device, which belongs to the technical field of laser beam control, wherein a beacon light source is arranged at a light path section containing unstable factors in a main laser transmission light path, first light spot pointing information is collected through a beacon light monitoring unit, second light spot pointing information is collected through a target point monitoring unit in a target spot of the large-scale laser device, a first calibration coefficient between the first light spot pointing information and the second light spot pointing information is calibrated, the swing angle of a reflector positioned in a small-caliber light path in the main laser transmission light path and a second calibration coefficient of the first light spot pointing information are determined, the reflector corresponding to the second calibration coefficient is replaced by a quick reflector, the swing angle of the quick reflector is obtained, and control voltage is applied to the quick reflector for swinging.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser beam control, and particularly relates to a method for improving the targeting precision of a large-scale laser device.
Background
Large laser devices (large high-power laser drivers) are a complex optical system, which covers a plurality of subject fields such as light, machine, electricity, control, measurement, installation and the like, and have the function of creating an extreme material environment and providing researches on various physical processes. The target shooting precision is a key performance index of a large laser device and is related to success or failure of physical experiments. Due to the influence of the internal and external environments of the device, the large-scale laser device is not an absolutely stable system, and has low-frequency and high-frequency vibration, which can cause low-frequency drift and high-frequency jitter of a light beam to influence the targeting precision. Therefore, to ensure the targeting accuracy, the light path collimation and the light beam guidance are required before each formal emission. The light path is provided with a reference, so that the light beam is transmitted according to a set optical axis and is finally guided to a target spot targeting position, the collimation precision is improved, the collimation time is shortened, the precision and the efficiency are considered, and the targeting precision index of the device is realized.
At present, means for improving the targeting precision mainly focus on the aspects of improving the automatic collimation precision of an optical path, improving the light beam guiding precision, improving the collimation efficiency, shortening the time from guiding to zero and the like, and all the means solve the problem of low-frequency drift in the device. Aiming at the problem of high-frequency vibration, only shock insulation design measures at the design stage of the device can be relied on.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, a method for improving the targeting accuracy of a large laser device is proposed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for improving the targeting precision of a large laser device comprises the following steps:
step S100, setting a beacon light source in a light path section containing unstable factors in a main laser transmission light path, acquiring first light spot pointing information through a beacon light monitoring unit, and acquiring second light spot pointing information through a target point monitoring unit in a target range of a large laser device;
step S200, calibrating a first calibration coefficient between first light spot pointing information and second light spot pointing information, and determining a swing angle of a reflector of a small-caliber light path in a main laser transmission light path and a second calibration coefficient of the first light spot pointing information;
and step S300, replacing the reflector corresponding to the second calibration coefficient with a quick reflector to obtain the swing angle of the quick reflector and applying a control voltage to the quick reflector for swinging.
Further, the unstable factor is high-frequency vibration, and the optical path section containing the unstable factor is used as a target adjusting optical path.
Further, the beacon light source is located at any position of the target adjusting light path, a transmission path of the beacon light source is used as a beacon light source transmission light path, and the beacon light source transmission light path covers the target adjusting light path.
Further, when the target adjusting light path is a small-caliber light path section (the light beam caliber is less than 200 mm), determining a second calibration coefficient of the swing angle of one reflector in the target adjusting light path and the first light spot direction information, replacing the reflector corresponding to the second calibration coefficient with a quick reflector, when the target adjusting light path is a large-caliber light path section (the light beam caliber is more than or equal to 200 mm), determining the swing angle of one reflector in the small-caliber light path at the front stage of the target adjusting light path and the second calibration coefficient of the first light spot direction information, replacing the reflector corresponding to the second calibration coefficient with the quick reflector, namely, the quick reflector is arranged in front.
Further, the first light spot pointing information is the position offset of the first light spot, the second light spot pointing information is the position offset of the second light spot, and a proportional relation between the first light spot pointing information and the second light spot pointing information is calculated to obtain a first calibration coefficient.
Further, a fixed correlation coefficient is stored in the second light spot pointing information and the swing angle of the reflector of the small-caliber light path, the correlation coefficient is determined by optical design parameters of the main laser transmission light path, a first calibration coefficient is set as a, a correlation coefficient is set as b, and a swing angle θ of the fast reflector is set, then:
。
further, according to the swing angle of the fast reflector, a control voltage corresponding to the swing angle is applied to the fast reflector, so that the swing of the fast reflector is realized, and the unstable factor of the target adjusting light path is compensated.
Further, beacon light source pointing information is collected at the tail end of a beacon light source transmission light path to serve as first light spot pointing information, and main laser pointing information is collected in a target range of the large-scale laser device to serve as second light spot pointing information.
Further, when the unstable factor is low-frequency drift, after the collimation of the large laser device is completed, acquiring beacon light source pointing information as first light spot pointing information in a target range of the large laser device, before main emission, acquiring beacon light source pointing information as second light spot pointing information in the target range of the large laser device again, obtaining the low-frequency drift amount of the beacon light spot position, and adjusting the posture of a projection mirror (the last reflector in front of the target in the light path) in the light path based on the first calibration coefficient and the correlation coefficient to complete the control of the low-frequency drift.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the beacon light source is arranged, the first calibration coefficient and the second calibration coefficient are determined, and the unstable factors of the target adjusting light path are compensated by utilizing the preposed quick reflector, so that the targeting precision of the large laser device is improved.
2. And the beacon light source and the quick reflector are utilized to realize low-frequency drift control generated in the time period from the completion of collimation to the time period before main emission, so that the improvement of the targeting precision is realized.
3. The low-frequency drift control and the high-frequency vibration control are two independent processes, the low-frequency drift control occurs before main emission, and the high-frequency vibration control occurs in the main emission process.
4. The large laser device is in a single-shot working mode, the target shooting precision is the comprehensive precision representation of multiple-shot experiments, and the target shooting precision is improved by the shrinkage of the diffusion circle of the multiple-shot comprehensive target shooting point.
5. The reflector of the small-caliber light path is replaced by the quick reflector, so that various performance indexes of the quick reflector are easier to realize, and the compensation precision is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a beacon light source and a field-of-view transmission path in accordance with an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the transmission path of the target field and the fast mirror in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 (a) is a schematic view illustrating the directions of light beams collected by a beacon light monitoring unit according to an embodiment;
FIG. 4 (b) is a schematic view of the beam direction collected by the target point monitoring unit in the first embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a beacon light monitoring unit;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the main amplification optical path and the fast mirror in the second embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the following description of the technical solutions of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings of the present invention is made clearly and completely, and other similar embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present application shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. In addition, directional terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. mentioned in the following embodiments are directions with reference to the drawings only, and thus, the directional terms used are intended to illustrate rather than limit the inventive concept.
The fast reflector is mainly used for high-frequency vibration control, and the main application scene of the fast reflector is high-frequency vibration control of high repetition frequency or quasi-continuous light beams. The vibration control method is a closed-loop active control means, can directly observe the control state of the vibration signal, and obtains a better vibration control effect by adjusting and optimizing control parameters.
Aiming at a large-scale laser device, a light beam is focused to a target point for shooting after passing through a front-end system, a pre-amplification system, a main amplification system and a target range transmission system, the light beam generated by the front-end system is transmitted to the pre-amplification system through an optical fiber for amplification, the pre-amplification system is a small-caliber light path (the caliber is not more than 60 mm), the light beam is expanded to the main amplification system after being output by the pre-amplification system, in the main amplification system, only a light path section of a reverser is a small-caliber light path (the caliber is about 100mm to 150mm), the rest main light path sections are large-caliber light paths (the calibers are more than 200 mm), the light beam is transmitted to a terminal optical component through the target range transmission system after being output by the main amplification system, and finally focusing and shooting are carried out, and the target range transmission system and the focusing light path are large-caliber light paths. Therefore, for large laser devices, the beam is primarily operated in a large bore optical path.
The vibration of the whole laser device is controlled by the fast reflector, which is limited by the aperture of the fast reflector, and is mostly carried out by a small-aperture light path in the device. Meanwhile, the large laser device works for a single time, and feedback of real-time vibration signals cannot be obtained, namely full closed loop correction cannot be performed.
In view of this, as shown in fig. 1, the inventor proposes a method for improving the target-shooting precision of a large-scale laser device, which specifically includes the following steps:
step S100, setting a beacon light source in a light path section containing unstable factors in a main laser transmission light path, acquiring first light spot pointing information through a beacon light monitoring unit, and acquiring second light spot pointing information through a target point monitoring unit in a target range of a large laser device;
step S200, calibrating a first calibration coefficient between first light spot pointing information and second light spot pointing information, and determining a swing angle of a reflector of a small-caliber light path in a main laser transmission light path and a second calibration coefficient of the first light spot pointing information;
and step S300, replacing the reflector corresponding to the second calibration coefficient with a quick reflector to obtain the swing angle of the quick reflector and applying a control voltage to the quick reflector for swinging.
Further preferably, the unstable factor is a high-frequency vibration, and it is necessary to control a jitter generated in an optical path segment including the unstable factor, and adjust the optical path with the optical path segment including the unstable factor as a target.
Further preferably, the beacon light source is located at any position of the target adjustment light path, a transmission path of the beacon light source is used as a beacon light source transmission light path, the beacon light source transmission light path covers the target adjustment light path, and a jitter condition of the target adjustment light path is represented by the beacon light source. Meanwhile, the default beacon light source is stable, and the beacon light source passing through the target adjusting light path can carry the jitter introduced by the target adjusting light path to finally cause the jitter and the drift of the target point.
Further preferably, when the target adjustment optical path is a small-caliber optical path section (the caliber of the light beam is less than 200 mm), a second calibration coefficient of the swing angle of one mirror in the target adjustment optical path and the first light spot direction information is determined, the mirror corresponding to the second calibration coefficient is replaced by a fast mirror, when the target adjustment optical path is a large-caliber optical path section (the caliber of the light beam is greater than or equal to 200 mm), the swing angle of one mirror in the small-caliber optical path at the front stage of the target adjustment optical path and the second calibration coefficient of the first light spot direction information are determined, the mirror corresponding to the second calibration coefficient is replaced by the fast mirror, and the fast mirror is arranged in the front position.
Further preferably, the first light spot pointing information is a position offset of the first light spot (i.e., a position offset of the beacon light spot), the second light spot pointing information is a position offset of the second light spot (i.e., a position offset of the main laser light spot), and a proportional relationship between the first light spot pointing information and the second light spot pointing information is calculated to obtain the first calibration coefficient.
Further preferably, a fixed correlation coefficient exists between the second light spot pointing information and the swing angle of the mirror in the small-caliber optical path, where the correlation coefficient is determined by the optical design parameter of the main laser transmission optical path, the first calibration coefficient is set to be a, the correlation coefficient is set to be b, and the swing angle θ of the fast mirror is set, then:
。
the calibration process of each coefficient is as follows:
the first step, the proportional relation between the first light spot pointing information and the second light spot pointing information:
the method comprises the steps of simultaneously emitting main laser and beacon light, observing far-field light spots of the two beams of light through a beacon light monitoring unit and a target point monitoring unit, recording the central points of the light spots as calibration reference positions (the exposure time of the beacon light monitoring unit and the target point monitoring unit is prolonged to about hundred microseconds to obtain an average effect, namely the most probable center of the light spots), adjusting the posture of a reflector in a main laser transmission light path (the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction are respectively adjusted), causing the far fields of the two light spots to simultaneously shift and record, and obtaining a first calibration coefficient.
Δ x beacon light/Δ x main laser = a1, Δ y beacon light/Δ y main laser = a2, and the multiple measurements are averaged, where Δ x beacon light represents an offset of the beacon light spot along the x-axis direction, Δ y beacon light represents an offset of the beacon light spot along the y-axis direction, Δ x main laser represents an offset of the main laser spot along the x-axis direction, Δ y main laser represents an offset of the main laser spot along the y-axis direction, a1 represents a component of the first calibration coefficient along the x-axis direction, and a2 represents a component of the first calibration coefficient along the y-axis direction.
Secondly, calibrating the relationship between the swing angle of a reflector of a small-caliber light path in the main laser transmission light path and the offset of a main laser spot: the method comprises the steps of emitting main laser (beacon light can not work or work), observing a far-field light spot of the main laser through a target point monitoring unit, recording the center as a reference position (the exposure time of the target point monitoring unit is elongated to be about hundred microseconds to obtain an average effect, namely the center of the most probable light spot), adjusting the posture of a reflector (the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction are respectively adjusted), observing main laser spot offset delta x main laser and delta y main laser, and then theta 'x = delta x main laser multiplied by b1 and theta' y = delta y main laser multiplied by b2, wherein theta 'x represents the swinging angle of the reflector along the x-axis direction, theta' y represents the swinging angle of the reflector along the y-axis direction, b1 represents the component of a second calibration coefficient along the x-axis direction, and b2 represents the component of the second calibration coefficient along the y-axis direction.
And thirdly, obtaining a relation between the swing angle of the fast reflecting mirror and the beacon light spot offset, wherein theta x = theta 'x = delta x main laser light × b1= delta x beacon light/a 1 × b1, theta y = theta' y = delta y main laser light × b2= delta y beacon light/a 2 × b2, theta x represents the swing angle of the fast reflecting mirror along the x-axis direction, and theta y represents the swing angle of the fast reflecting mirror along the y-axis direction.
Preferably, according to the swing angle of the fast reflector, a control voltage corresponding to the swing angle is applied to the fast reflector to realize the swing of the fast reflector, so as to compensate the unstable factor of the target adjusting optical path.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the main laser light path of the large laser device is mainly an elevated light path, is supported by a mechanical structure, cannot directly fall on the ground, and is poor in stability and easy to be influenced by the high-frequency vibration of ground pulsation.
In this embodiment, the target adjustment optical path is a target range transmission optical path, a beacon light source and a beacon light source monitoring unit for acquiring pointing information of the first light spot are arranged in the target range transmission optical path, and limited by the spatial structure, a reflector is inserted into an output end of the target range transmission optical path, and beacon light emitted by the beacon light source returns to an injection position and enters the beacon light source monitoring unit, as shown in fig. 2.
The method comprises the steps of collecting beacon light source pointing information at the tail end of a beacon light source transmission light path to serve as first light spot pointing information, and collecting main laser pointing information in a target range of a large laser device to serve as second light spot pointing information.
During simulation calculation, each element of the target adjusting optical path is endowed with a random angle jitter amount, the beacon light monitoring unit and the target point monitoring unit can see the light beam pointing changes introduced by the same angle jitter amount, and a fixed proportional relation, namely a first calibration coefficient, exists between the vibration amplitudes, wherein fig. 4 (a) is a schematic diagram of light beam pointing collected by the beacon light monitoring unit, and fig. 4 (b) is a schematic diagram of light beam pointing collected by the target point monitoring unit. In this embodiment, the first calibration coefficient is 0.375.
For high frequency vibrations, fast mirror control is a common and effective control means, but fast mirrors are not suitable for large aperture optical paths, and therefore the fast mirrors are moved forward to a beam inverter (small aperture optical path) in the main amplification system, as shown in fig. 3. The change in the angle of the mirror before the position is replaced by the fast mirror also causes a change in the pointing direction of the target beam, which has a fixed correspondence, i.e., a second calibration factor. In this embodiment, the second calibration coefficient is 2.5.
This jitter can be corrected back by deriving the swing angle of the fast mirror according to the formula described above. That is, the beacon light is used as a feedback signal, the position offset of the beacon light is observed, and the corresponding control voltage is sent to the small-caliber quick reflector according to the obtained calibration relation, so that the high-frequency vibration closed-loop control is realized.
As shown in fig. 5, the beacon light monitoring unit is provided with two monitors, a PSD (position sensitive detector) is used for feedback control (fast speed) of the fast mirror, and a CMOS (image sensor) is used for obtaining a closed-loop control reference. The method for acquiring the closed-loop control reference comprises the following steps: by increasing the exposure time of the CMOS, namely lengthening the integration time, a stable beacon light spot is observed on the CMOS, and the center of the beacon light spot is the closed-loop control reference.
The high-frequency vibration information of the large-caliber light path is obtained by arranging the beacon light source, the quick reflector is arranged in front, the high-frequency vibration information is related to the small-caliber light path, the high-frequency vibration control of the large-caliber light path is realized in a pre-compensation mode, and the target shooting precision is improved finally.
Example two:
the difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment is: the target adjusting optical path is a main amplifying optical path.
As shown in FIG. 6, the point to be controlled by the dither of the main amplification optical path is the focal point position of PA2-4 of the TSF, which is the position where the main amplification energy output is the highest, and the light spot at PA2-4 can be observed by the main amplification diagnostic measuring unit. The beacon light is injected by CSF and transmitted in four paths along the main amplification light path to reach the position of PA2-4, carries vibration information, and acquires beacon light source pointing information as first light spot pointing information through the beacon light monitoring unit, the first light spot pointing information is used as closed-loop feedback control information, and main laser pointing information is acquired as second light spot pointing information at the main amplification diagnosis measuring unit.
The high-frequency vibration control of the main amplification light path can select a closed-loop control mode, namely, one of the reflectors of the light beam reverser is replaced by the quick reflector, so that the accuracy is higher in the closed-loop control mode. Meanwhile, a quasi-closed-loop control mode similar to the form of a target range transmission light path can be selected, the fast reflector is moved forwards to the pre-amplification light path, and due to the fact that the aperture of the light path of the pre-amplification light path is smaller, various performance indexes of the fast reflector are easier to achieve, but high-frequency vibration information needs to be associated with the fast reflector of the pre-amplification light path.
Example three:
usually, the light path is collimated to the target, and the waiting time is 30-50 minutes, during which the beam pointing generates low-frequency drift (slow drift), and if no beacon light exists, the drift is not observable and is not controllable, and the target accuracy is affected.
When the unstable factor is low-frequency drift, after collimation of the large laser device is completed, beacon light source pointing information is collected at a target range of the large laser device to serve as first light spot pointing information, before main emission, the beacon light source pointing information is collected again at the target range of the large laser device to serve as second light spot pointing information, low-frequency drift amount of a beacon light spot position is obtained, a first calibration coefficient is obtained by means of the first light spot pointing information and the second light spot pointing information, a fixed association coefficient is stored between the second light spot pointing information and a swing angle of a projection mirror (the last reflector in front of the target point in a light path) in a target range transmission light path, the association coefficient is determined by optical design parameters of the main laser transmission light path, and based on the first calibration coefficient and the association coefficient, the posture of the projection mirror is adjusted to complete control of the low-frequency drift, and at the moment, the beacon light source is located in front of the target range transmission light path.
By prolonging the exposure time of the CMOS, namely increasing the integration time, a stable beacon light spot is observed on the CMOS, and the center of the beacon light spot is the closed-loop control reference.
The present invention has been described in detail, and it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for improving the target shooting precision of a large laser device is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S100, setting a beacon light source in a light path section containing unstable factors in a main laser transmission light path, acquiring first light spot pointing information through a beacon light monitoring unit, and acquiring second light spot pointing information through a target point monitoring unit in a target range of a large laser device;
step S200, calibrating a first calibration coefficient between first light spot pointing information and second light spot pointing information, and determining a swing angle of a reflector of a small-caliber light path in a main laser transmission light path and a second calibration coefficient of the first light spot pointing information;
and step S300, replacing the reflector corresponding to the second calibration coefficient with a quick reflector to obtain the swing angle of the quick reflector and applying a control voltage to the quick reflector for swinging.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the unstable factor is high frequency vibration, and the optical path segment containing the unstable factor is used as the target adjustment optical path.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the beacon light source is located at any position of the target adjusting light path, a transmission path of the beacon light source is used as a beacon light source transmission light path, and the beacon light source transmission light path covers the target adjusting light path.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein when the target adjustment optical path is a small-caliber optical path segment, one of the mirrors in the target adjustment optical path is replaced with a fast mirror, and when the target adjustment optical path is a large-caliber optical path segment, one of the mirrors in the small-caliber optical path segment located at a previous stage of the target adjustment optical path is replaced with a fast mirror.
5. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the first light spot pointing information is a position offset of the first light spot, the second light spot pointing information is a position offset of the second light spot, and a proportional relationship between the first light spot pointing information and the second light spot pointing information is calculated to obtain the first calibration coefficient.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein there is a fixed correlation coefficient between the second spot pointing information and the swing angle of the mirror in the small-aperture optical path, the correlation coefficient is determined by the optical design parameters of the main laser transmission optical path, the first calibration coefficient is set as a, and the correlation coefficient is set asB is a coupling coefficient, and the swing angle theta of the quick reflector is set, then:
。
7. the method for improving the targeting accuracy of the large laser device according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the beacon light source pointing information is collected at the end of the transmission light path of the beacon light source as the first light spot pointing information, and the main laser pointing information is collected in the target range of the large laser device as the second light spot pointing information.
8. The method for improving the targeting accuracy of the large laser device according to claim 7, wherein when the unstable factor is low-frequency drift, after the large laser device is collimated, the beacon light source pointing information is collected as first light spot pointing information in a target range of the large laser device, before main emission, the beacon light source pointing information is collected as second light spot pointing information in the target range of the large laser device again, so as to obtain the low-frequency drift amount of the beacon light spot position, and based on the first calibration coefficient and the correlation coefficient, the posture of the projection mirror in the light path is adjusted, so as to complete the control of the low-frequency drift.
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