CN115490432B - Chemical polishing method for graded glass - Google Patents
Chemical polishing method for graded glass Download PDFInfo
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- CN115490432B CN115490432B CN202211180974.3A CN202211180974A CN115490432B CN 115490432 B CN115490432 B CN 115490432B CN 202211180974 A CN202211180974 A CN 202211180974A CN 115490432 B CN115490432 B CN 115490432B
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 306
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 184
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 180
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 150
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical group O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000012445 acidic reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 33
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 30
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005338 frosted glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004313 glare Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003678 scratch resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C15/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
Abstract
A chemical polishing method for graded glass is to obtain graded glass by uniformly changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid. According to the chemical polishing method for the graded glass, the contact time of different areas of the glass and the chemical polishing liquid is changed at a constant speed, that is, the corrosion time of the chemical polishing liquid to the different areas is graded (gradually increased or decreased), so that the glass has different AG effects in the different areas, the glass is graded trend on the whole, the thickness of the glass is graded trend due to the gradual change (gradually increased or decreased) of the corrosion time of the different areas, the visual effect of the glass on the mobile phone rear cover of the appearance part is different, and the glass is graded trend on the whole, so that the mobile phone rear cover with a new visual effect is provided.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of glass technology, in particular to a chemical polishing method for graded glass.
Background
The AG antiglare glass (Anti-GlareGlasss) product is prepared by special chemical process treatment and is characterized in that the reflecting surface of the original glass is changed into a matte diffuse reflecting surface. The anti-dazzle glass has the advantages of blurring reflection influence, preventing glare, reducing reflection degree, reducing light shadow and having strong anti-corrosion and scratch-resistant performances on the surface of an anti-dazzle product.
Chemical polishing is one of the main methods for preparing AG anti-dazzle glass, chemical polishing is used for chemically etching glass through chemical polishing liquid, so that selective dissolution of uneven areas on the surface of the glass eliminates grinding marks and etching leveling, glass with frosting effect is obtained, the frosting effect is also called AG effect, and the current frosting effect (AG effect) can be evaluated by average roughness data and average haze data respectively. The chemical polishing equipment is simple, can process thin tubes, parts with deep holes and complex shapes, and has high production efficiency. Chemical polishing can be used as an electroplating pretreatment procedure, and can also be used directly after polishing in an auxiliary way with necessary protective measures.
AG antiglare glass produced by chemical polishing in the prior art has a substantially uniform frosting effect in each region. The AG anti-dazzle glass is used for manufacturing the mobile phone rear cover serving as the appearance piece, the visual effect is single, and the requirements of the market on the visual effect diversity of the mobile phone rear cover appearance piece cannot be met.
Therefore, in order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, it is necessary to provide a chemical polishing method for graded glass to solve the deficiencies of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to avoid the defects of the prior art and provide a gradual change glass chemical polishing method. The chemical polishing method for the graded glass can obtain glass with graded AG effect.
The above object of the present utility model is achieved by the following technical measures:
the chemical polishing method for the graded glass is characterized in that the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid is changed at a constant speed, so that the graded glass is obtained.
The utility model relates to a chemical polishing method for graded glass, which comprises the following steps:
step A.1, vertically placing glass in a container, and entering step A.2;
step A.2, injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, taking out the glass after the chemical polishing liquid completely soaks the glass, and entering the step A.3;
and step A.3, cleaning the glass to obtain the graded glass.
Preferably, the step a.2 includes:
step A.2.1, adding pure water into a container;
step A.2.2, injecting chemical polishing liquid at constant speed at the bottom of the container, starting timing when the liquid level of the liquid in the container is H, and reaching t 1 When the glass is taken out, the step A.3 is carried out, and h exists 1 ＜H，h 1 Is the maximum vertical height of the glass.
In step A.2.2, the t 1 Obtained by an empirical formula shown as formula (I),
t 1 ＝(T 1 /Δh-T 2 +2c)/8.5v 1 formula (I);
wherein T is 1 T is the temperature of pure water 2 To change the temperature of the polishing liquid, and T 2 ＜T 1 ，T 1 And T 2 The units are all in the same degree centigrade; c is the accumulated mass percentage unit of the acid reagent in the chemical polishing solution; t is t 1 Is s; Δh is the ratio of the difference between the vertical height of the liquid surface of pure water and the maximum vertical height of glass, v 1 The chemical polishing liquid is the injection speed and the unit is mm/s.
Preferably, Δh is obtained from formula (II),
Δh＝(h 1 -h 2 )/h 1 formula (II);
h 1 in cm, h 2 Is the vertical height of the liquid level of the pure water and is expressed in cm, and h is present 1 ＝0.2h 2 ～0.5h 2 Wherein the vertical liquid level of pure water is a vertical liquid level obtained by taking the horizontal plane where the lowest point of glass is located as a reference plane.
Preferably, the temperature is less than or equal to 30 ℃ T 1 ≤50℃；10℃≤T 2 ≤20℃；0.35mm/s≤v 1 Less than or equal to 1.4mm/s; h is 1.3H.
The chemical polishing method of the graded glass comprises the following steps:
step B.1, firstly, injecting all chemical polishing liquid into a container, and entering a step B.2;
step B.2, vertically placing the glass in the interior of the container, after the glass is completely soaked in the chemical polishing solution, making speed be v 2 B, pumping out the chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed, and entering a step B.3;
and B.3, taking out the glass and cleaning the glass to obtain the graded glass.
Preferably, v is as defined above 2 Is 0.7mm/s to 1.4mm/s.
Preferably, the chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid.
The mass percent of nitric acid is defined as c 1 C is 3 percent or less 1 ≤6％。
The mass percent of nitric acid is defined as c 2 C is 3 percent or less 2 ≤6％。
According to the chemical polishing method for the graded glass, the graded glass is obtained by changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed. According to the chemical polishing method for the graded glass, the contact time of different areas of the glass and the chemical polishing liquid is changed at a constant speed, that is, the corrosion time of the chemical polishing liquid to the different areas is graded (gradually increased or decreased), so that the glass has different AG effects in the different areas, the glass is graded trend on the whole, the thickness of the glass is graded trend due to the gradual change (gradually increased or decreased) of the corrosion time of the different areas, the visual effect of the glass on the mobile phone rear cover of the appearance part is different, and the glass is graded trend on the whole, so that the mobile phone rear cover with a new visual effect is provided.
Drawings
The utility model is further illustrated by the accompanying drawings, which are not to be construed as limiting the utility model in any way.
Fig. 1 is a graph of average roughness data for examples 14 to 19 and comparative example 1 in table 1.
Fig. 2 is a graph of average roughness data for examples 5 to 13 in table 1.
Fig. 3 is a graph of the average haze data for examples 14 to 19 and comparative example 1 in table 2.
Fig. 4 is a graph of the average haze data for examples 5 to 13 in table 2.
Fig. 5 is a graph of average thickness data for examples 14 to 16 and comparative example 1 in table 3.
Fig. 6 is a graph of average thickness data for examples 5 to 13 in table 3.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the utility model is further described with reference to the following examples. The experimental methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The raw materials, reagent materials, etc. used in the examples described below are purchased from conventional biochemical reagent stores or pharmaceutical operators unless otherwise specified.
Example 1.
A chemical polishing method for graded glass is to obtain graded glass by uniformly changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid.
The chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. The mass percent of nitric acid is defined as c 1 C is 3 percent or less 1 Less than or equal to 6 percent; the mass percent of nitric acid is defined as c 2 C is 3 percent or less 2 Less than or equal to 6 percent. The hydrofluoric acid stock solution used in the utility model has a content of 40.0% hydrofluoric acid solution, and the nitric acid is 98% fuming nitric acid.
According to the chemical polishing method for the graded glass, the contact time of different areas of the glass and the chemical polishing liquid is changed at a constant speed, that is, the corrosion time of the chemical polishing liquid to the different areas is graded (gradually increased or decreased), so that the glass has different AG effects in the different areas, the glass is graded trend on the whole, the thickness of the glass is graded trend due to the gradual change (gradually increased or decreased) of the corrosion time of the different areas, the visual effect of the glass on the mobile phone rear cover of the appearance part is different, and the glass is graded trend on the whole, so that the mobile phone rear cover with a new visual effect is provided.
Example 2.
A chemical polishing method for graded glass is to obtain graded glass by uniformly changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid.
The utility model comprises the following steps:
step A.1, vertically placing glass in a container, and entering step A.2;
step A.2, velocity v at bottom of vessel 1 Injecting chemical polishing liquid at uniform speed, taking out the glass after the chemical polishing liquid completely soaks the glass, and entering a step A.3, wherein v is less than or equal to 0.35mm/s 1 ≤1.4mm/s。
And step A.3, cleaning the glass to obtain the graded glass.
The chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. The mass percent of nitric acid is defined as c 1 C is 3 percent or less 1 Less than or equal to 6 percent; the mass percent of nitric acid is defined as c 2 C is 3 percent or less 2 ≤6％。
The container of the utility model is evenly distributed with a plurality of injection holes, and can effectively prevent the liquid level in the container from obviously fluctuating when chemical polishing liquid is injected. For example, the average density of the injection holes is 0.5 to 3/2 cm 2 The average density of the injection holes may also be set specifically according to the actual situation, such as the injection speed.
In the embodiment, glass is firstly put in, and then chemical polishing liquid is injected at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, so that different AG effects of the glass are obtained, the glass has a gradual trend on the whole, and the thickness of the glass also has a gradual trend due to gradual increase or decrease of the corrosion time of different areas.
Example 3.
A chemical polishing method for graded glass is to obtain graded glass by uniformly changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid.
The method comprises the following steps:
step B.1, firstly, injecting all chemical polishing liquid into a container, and entering a step B.2;
step B.2, vertically placing the glass in the interior of the container, after the glass is completely soaked in the chemical polishing solution, making speed be v 2 B, pumping out the chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed, and entering a step B.3;
and B.3, taking out the glass and cleaning the glass to obtain the graded glass.
Wherein v is 2 Is 0.7mm/s to 1.4mm/s.
The chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. The mass percent of nitric acid is defined as c 1 C is 3 percent or less 1 Less than or equal to 6 percent; the mass percent of nitric acid is defined as c 2 C is 3 percent or less 2 ≤6％。
The amount of the chemical polishing liquid of the present utility model is such that the volume of the chemical polishing liquid that can be completely immersed in the glass when the glass is placed vertically in the container is the amount of the chemical polishing liquid of the present utility model.
The container of the utility model is evenly distributed with a plurality of extraction holes, and can effectively prevent the liquid level in the container from obviously fluctuating during the extraction of chemical polishing liquid. For example, the average density of the extraction holes is in the range of 0.5 to 3/2 cm 2 The average density of the extraction holes may also be set specifically according to the actual situation, such as the extraction speed.
According to the embodiment, all chemical polishing liquid is injected into a container, then glass is put into the container, and then the chemical polishing liquid is pumped out at a constant speed, so that different AG effects of the glass in different areas are obtained, the glass is gradually changed in the whole, and the corrosion time of the different areas is gradually increased or reduced, so that the thickness of the glass is gradually changed.
Example 4.
A chemical polishing method for graded glass is to obtain graded glass by uniformly changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid.
The utility model comprises the following steps:
step A.1, vertically placing glass in a container, and entering step A.2;
step A.2, injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, taking out the glass after the chemical polishing liquid completely soaks the glass, and entering the step A.3;
and step A.3, cleaning the glass to obtain the graded glass.
Wherein the step A.2 comprises the following steps:
step A.2.1, adding pure water into a container;
step A.2.2, injecting chemical polishing liquid at constant speed at the bottom of the container, starting timing when the liquid level of the liquid in the container is H, and reaching t 1 When the glass is taken out, the step A.3 is carried out, and h exists 1 ＜H，h 1 For the maximum vertical height of the glass, the specific H in this example is 1.3H 1 。
In step A.2.2, the t 1 Obtained by an empirical formula shown as formula (I),
t 1 ＝(T 1 /Δh-T 2 +2c)/8.5v 1 formula (I);
wherein T is 1 T is the temperature of pure water 2 To change the temperature of the polishing liquid, and T 2 ＜T 1 ，T 1 And T 2 The units are all in the same degree centigrade; c is the accumulated mass percentage unit of the acid reagent in the chemical polishing solution; t is t 1 Is s; Δh is the ratio of the difference between the vertical height of the liquid surface of pure water and the maximum vertical height of glass, v 1 The chemical polishing liquid is the injection speed and the unit is mm/s.
Δh is obtained from the formula (II),
Δh＝(h 1 -h 2 )/h 1 formula (II);
h 1 in cm, h 2 Is the vertical height of the liquid level of the pure water and is expressed in cm, and h is present 1 ＝0.2h 2 ～0.5h 2 Wherein the vertical liquid level of pure water is a vertical liquid level obtained by taking the horizontal plane where the lowest point of glass is located as a reference plane.
The chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid.
It is to be noted that, in the utility model, a part of pure water is added into the container, and then chemical polishing liquid is added, because the concentration of the chemical polishing liquid is higher than that of the pure water, and water and acid reagent in the chemical polishing liquid diffuse to upper pure water, but the pure water is positioned on the upper layer of the chemical polishing liquid so as to generate a certain pressure to the chemical polishing liquid, so that the diffusion speed is inhibited. The diffusion rate and pure water pressure of the embodiment are related to the temperature of pure water, the temperature of chemical polishing liquid and the mass percentage of acid reagent in chemical polishing liquid.
The utility model obtains the t according to a large number of experiments and mathematical modeling 1 Empirical formula, when t 1 、T 1 、Δh、T 2 C and v 1 When the relation of the empirical formula exists, the AG effect and the gradual change of the glue thickness are more uniform, particularly the AG effect changes in a smoother curve along the length of the glass, and the AG effect changes not obviously in the area with the same longer distance.
The AG effect and thickness gradation of the glass obtained in this example were smoother than those of examples 1 to 3.
Example 5.
A chemical polishing method for graded glass is to obtain graded glass by uniformly changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid.
The utility model comprises the following steps:
step A.1, vertically placing glass in a container, and entering step A.2;
step A.2, injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, taking out the glass after the chemical polishing liquid completely soaks the glass, and entering the step A.3;
and step A.3, cleaning the glass to obtain the graded glass.
Wherein the step A.2 comprises the following steps:
step A.2.1, adding pure water into a container;
and (A.2.2) injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, starting timing when the liquid level of the liquid in the container is 1.3 times of the maximum vertical height of the glass, taking out the glass when the glass reaches 18s, and entering the step A.3.
Wherein T of the present embodiment 1 50 ℃, T 2 At 20 ℃, c is 6%, Δh is 0.8; v 1 0.35mm/s, and substituting formula (I) to calculate t 1 Is 18.31932773, and is rounded to t 1 18s.
The chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. The mass percentage of nitric acid is 3%.
The AG effect and thickness gradation of the glass obtained in this example were smoother than those of examples 1 to 3.
Example 6.
A chemical polishing method for graded glass is to obtain graded glass by uniformly changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid.
The utility model comprises the following steps:
step A.1, vertically placing glass in a container, and entering step A.2;
step A.2, injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, taking out the glass after the chemical polishing liquid completely soaks the glass, and entering the step A.3;
and step A.3, cleaning the glass to obtain the graded glass.
Wherein the step A.2 comprises the following steps:
step A.2.1, adding pure water into a container;
and (A.2.2) injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, starting timing when the liquid level of the liquid in the container is 1.3 times of the maximum vertical height of the glass, taking out the glass when the glass reaches 6s, and entering the step A.3.
Wherein T of the present embodiment 1 At 30 ℃, T 2 At 10 ℃, c is 12%, Δh is 0.5, v 1 1.4mm/s, and substituting formula (I) to calculate t 1 Has a value of 6.218487395
Rounding t 1 6s.
The chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. The mass percentage of nitric acid is 6%.
The AG effect and thickness gradation of the glass obtained in this example were smoother than those of examples 1 to 3.
Example 7.
A chemical polishing method for graded glass is to obtain graded glass by uniformly changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid.
The utility model comprises the following steps:
step A.1, vertically placing glass in a container, and entering step A.2;
step A.2, injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, taking out the glass after the chemical polishing liquid completely soaks the glass, and entering the step A.3;
and step A.3, cleaning the glass to obtain the graded glass.
Wherein the step A.2 comprises the following steps:
step A.2.1, adding pure water into a container;
and (A.2.2) injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, starting timing when the liquid level of the liquid in the container is 1.3 times of the maximum vertical height of the glass, taking out the glass when the glass reaches 9s, and entering the step A.3.
Wherein T of the present embodiment 1 50 ℃, T 2 At 10deg.C, c of 7.5%, Δh of 0.5, v 1 1.4mm/s, and substituting formula (I) to calculate t 1 Has a value of 8.823529412
Rounding t 1 9s.
The chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. The mass percentage of nitric acid is 4.5%.
The AG effect and thickness gradation of the glass obtained in this example were smoother than those of examples 1 to 3.
Example 8.
A chemical polishing method for graded glass is to obtain graded glass by uniformly changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid.
The utility model comprises the following steps:
step A.1, vertically placing glass in a container, and entering step A.2;
step A.2, injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, taking out the glass after the chemical polishing liquid completely soaks the glass, and entering the step A.3;
and step A.3, cleaning the glass to obtain the graded glass.
Wherein the step A.2 comprises the following steps:
step A.2.1, adding pure water into a container;
and (A.2.2) injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, starting timing when the liquid level of the liquid in the container is 1.3 times of the maximum vertical height of the glass, taking out the glass when the glass reaches 10s, and entering the step A.3.
Wherein T of the present embodiment 1 At 30 ℃, T 2 20 ℃, c is 6%, Δh is 0.8, v 1 0.35mm/s, and substituting formula (I) to calculate t 1 Is 9.915966387, and is rounded to t 1 10s.
The chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. The mass percentage of nitric acid is 3%.
The AG effect and thickness gradation of the glass obtained in this example were smoother than those of examples 1 to 3.
Example 9.
A chemical polishing method for graded glass is to obtain graded glass by uniformly changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid.
The utility model comprises the following steps:
step A.1, vertically placing glass in a container, and entering step A.2;
step A.2, injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, taking out the glass after the chemical polishing liquid completely soaks the glass, and entering the step A.3;
and step A.3, cleaning the glass to obtain the graded glass.
Wherein the step A.2 comprises the following steps:
step A.2.1, adding pure water into a container;
and (A.2.2) injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, starting timing when the liquid level of the liquid in the container is 1.3 times of the maximum vertical height of the glass, taking out the glass when 23s is reached, and entering the step A.3.
Wherein T of the present embodiment 1 At 35 ℃, T 2 At 21 ℃, c is 9%, Δh is 0.5, v 1 0.5mm/s, and substituting formula (I) to calculate t 1 Is 22.5210084, and is rounded to t 1 23s.
The chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. The mass percentage of nitric acid is 4.5%.
The AG effect and thickness gradation of the glass obtained in this example were smoother than those of examples 1 to 3.
Example 10.
A chemical polishing method for graded glass is to obtain graded glass by uniformly changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid.
The utility model comprises the following steps:
step A.1, vertically placing glass in a container, and entering step A.2;
step A.2, injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, taking out the glass after the chemical polishing liquid completely soaks the glass, and entering the step A.3;
and step A.3, cleaning the glass to obtain the graded glass.
Wherein the step A.2 comprises the following steps:
step A.2.1, adding pure water into a container;
and (A.2.2) injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, starting timing when the liquid level of the liquid in the container is 1.3 times of the maximum vertical height of the glass, taking out the glass when 11s is reached, and entering the step A.3.
Wherein T of the present embodiment 1 At 43 ℃, T 2 13 ℃, c is 8%, Δh is0.6，v 1 0.8mm/s, and substituting formula (I) to calculate t 1 Is 10.98039216, and is rounded to t 1 11s.
The chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. The mass percentage of nitric acid is 5%.
The AG effect and thickness gradation of the glass obtained in this example were smoother than those of examples 1 to 3.
Example 11.
A chemical polishing method for graded glass is to obtain graded glass by uniformly changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid.
The utility model comprises the following steps:
step A.1, vertically placing glass in a container, and entering step A.2;
step A.2, injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, taking out the glass after the chemical polishing liquid completely soaks the glass, and entering the step A.3;
and step A.3, cleaning the glass to obtain the graded glass.
Wherein the step A.2 comprises the following steps:
step A.2.1, adding pure water into a container;
and (A.2.2) injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, starting timing when the liquid level of the liquid in the container is 1.3 times of the maximum vertical height of the glass, taking out the glass when the glass reaches 6s, and entering the step A.3.
Wherein T of the present embodiment 1 At 40 ℃, T 2 23 ℃, c is 8%, Δh is 0.7, v 1 1.0mm/s, and substituting formula (I) to calculate t 1 Is 5.899159664, and is rounded to t 1 6s.
The chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. The mass percentage of nitric acid is 5%.
The AG effect and thickness gradation of the glass obtained in this example were smoother than those of examples 1 to 3.
Example 12.
A chemical polishing method for graded glass is to obtain graded glass by uniformly changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid.
The utility model comprises the following steps:
step A.1, vertically placing glass in a container, and entering step A.2;
step A.2, injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, taking out the glass after the chemical polishing liquid completely soaks the glass, and entering the step A.3;
and step A.3, cleaning the glass to obtain the graded glass.
Wherein the step A.2 comprises the following steps:
step A.2.1, adding pure water into a container;
and (A.2.2) injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, starting timing when the liquid level of the liquid in the container is 1.3 times of the maximum vertical height of the glass, taking out the glass when the glass reaches 5s, and entering the step A.3.
Wherein T of the present embodiment 1 At 38 ℃, T 2 18 ℃, c 8%, Δh 0.7, v 1 1.3mm/s, and substituting formula (I) to calculate t 1 Is 4.731738849, and is rounded to t 1 5s.
The chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. The mass percentage of nitric acid is 5%.
The AG effect and thickness gradation of the glass obtained in this example were smoother than those of examples 1 to 3.
Example 13.
A chemical polishing method for graded glass is to obtain graded glass by uniformly changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid.
The utility model comprises the following steps:
step A.1, vertically placing glass in a container, and entering step A.2;
step A.2, injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, taking out the glass after the chemical polishing liquid completely soaks the glass, and entering the step A.3;
and step A.3, cleaning the glass to obtain the graded glass.
Wherein the step A.2 comprises the following steps:
step A.2.1, adding pure water into a container;
and (A.2.2) injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container, starting timing when the liquid level of the liquid in the container is 1.3 times of the maximum vertical height of the glass, taking out the glass when the glass reaches 7s, and entering the step A.3.
Wherein T of the present embodiment 1 At 35 ℃, T 2 15 ℃, c is 10%, Δh is 0.5, v 1 1.2mm/s, and substituting formula (I) to calculate t 1 Is 7.352941176, and is rounded to t 1 7s.
The chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. The mass percentage of nitric acid is 5%.
The AG effect and thickness gradation of the glass obtained in this example were smoother than those of examples 1 to 3.
Example 14.
A chemical polishing method for graded glass is to obtain graded glass by uniformly changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid.
The method comprises the following steps:
step B.1, firstly, injecting all chemical polishing liquid into a container, and entering a step B.2;
b.2, vertically placing the glass in the interior of a container, and after the glass is completely soaked in the chemical polishing liquid, pumping out the chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed of 0.7mm/s, and entering a step B.3;
and B.3, taking out the glass and cleaning the glass to obtain the graded glass.
The chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. The mass percentage of nitric acid is 6%.
The glass obtained in this example was good in AG effect and thickness gradation in example 3.
Example 15.
A chemical polishing method for graded glass is to obtain graded glass by uniformly changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid.
The method comprises the following steps:
step B.1, firstly, injecting all chemical polishing liquid into a container, and entering a step B.2;
b.2, vertically placing the glass in the interior of a container, and after the glass is completely soaked in the chemical polishing liquid, pumping out the chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed of 1.0mm/s, and entering a step B.3;
and B.3, taking out the glass and cleaning the glass to obtain the graded glass.
The chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. The mass percentage of nitric acid is 4%.
The glass obtained in this example was good in AG effect and thickness gradation in example 3.
Example 16.
A chemical polishing method for graded glass is to obtain graded glass by uniformly changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid.
The method comprises the following steps:
step B.1, firstly, injecting all chemical polishing liquid into a container, and entering a step B.2;
b.2, vertically placing the glass in the interior of a container, and after the glass is completely soaked in the chemical polishing liquid, pumping out the chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed of 1.4mm/s, and entering a step B.3;
and B.3, taking out the glass and cleaning the glass to obtain the graded glass.
The chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. The mass percentage of nitric acid is 4%.
The glass obtained in this example was good in AG effect and thickness gradation in example 3.
Example 17.
A chemical polishing method for graded glass is to obtain graded glass by uniformly changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid.
The utility model comprises the following steps:
step A.1, vertically placing glass in a container, and entering step A.2;
and A.2, injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container at a speed of 0.35mm/s, taking out the glass immediately after the chemical polishing liquid completely soaks the glass, and entering the step A.3.
And step A.3, cleaning the glass to obtain the graded glass.
The chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. The mass percentage of nitric acid is 4%.
The glass obtained in this example was good in AG effect and thickness gradation in example 2.
Example 18.
A chemical polishing method for graded glass is to obtain graded glass by uniformly changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid.
The utility model comprises the following steps:
step A.1, vertically placing glass in a container, and entering step A.2;
and A.2, injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container at a speed of 0.7mm/s, taking out the glass immediately after the chemical polishing liquid completely soaks the glass, and entering the step A.3.
And step A.3, cleaning the glass to obtain the graded glass.
The chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. The mass percentage of nitric acid is 4%.
The glass obtained in this example was good in AG effect and thickness gradation in example 2.
Example 19.
A chemical polishing method for graded glass is to obtain graded glass by uniformly changing the contact time between different areas of the glass and chemical polishing liquid.
The utility model comprises the following steps:
step A.1, vertically placing glass in a container, and entering step A.2;
and A.2, injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed at the bottom of the container at a speed of 1.4mm/s, taking out the glass immediately after the chemical polishing liquid completely soaks the glass, and entering the step A.3.
And step A.3, cleaning the glass to obtain the graded glass.
The chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. The mass percentage of nitric acid is 4%.
The glass obtained in this example was good in AG effect and thickness gradation in example 2.
Comparative example 1.
A chemical polishing method comprising the steps of:
step B.1, firstly, injecting all chemical polishing liquid into a container, and entering a step B.2;
step B.2, vertically placing the glass in the interior of a container, and taking out the glass after the glass is completely soaked in the chemical polishing solution for 170 seconds;
and B.3, cleaning the glass.
The chemical polishing solution contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. The mass percentage of nitric acid is 4%.
Detection data:
1. experiments were performed using frosted glass having an average roughness of 0.4 μm and an average haze of 85% and a length of 170mm, and the frosted glass was treated by the chemical polishing methods of examples 5 to 19 and comparative example 1, respectively, to obtain the data of tables 1 and 2. Wherein table 1 is the average roughness data for different glass heights; table 2 is the average haze data for different glass heights.
TABLE 1 average roughness (μm) data for different glass heights
| Height/mm | 0 | 17 | 34 | 51 | 68 | 85 | 102 | 119 | 136 | 153 | 170 |
| Example 5 | 0.285 | 0.298 | 0.302 | 0.314 | 0.326 | 0.333 | 0.341 | 0.353 | 0.364 | 0.374 | 0.380 |
| Example 6 | 0.246 | 0.256 | 0.265 | 0.270 | 0.283 | 0.294 | 0.303 | 0.311 | 0.324 | 0.335 | 0.340 |
| Example 7 | 0.280 | 0.295 | 0.299 | 0.311 | 0.322 | 0.329 | 0.343 | 0.353 | 0.360 | 0.371 | 0.384 |
| Example 8 | 0.290 | 0.304 | 0.310 | 0.322 | 0.332 | 0.340 | 0.351 | 0.360 | 0.368 | 0.383 | 0.392 |
| Example 9 | 0.274 | 0.282 | 0.290 | 0.301 | 0.310 | 0.322 | 0.330 | 0.341 | 0.350 | 0.360 | 0.374 |
| Example 10 | 0.262 | 0.274 | 0.281 | 0.294 | 0.302 | 0.310 | 0.320 | 0.330 | 0.340 | 0.350 | 0.360 |
| Example 11 | 0.230 | 0.241 | 0.250 | 0.260 | 0.273 | 0.280 | 0.290 | 0.300 | 0.310 | 0.321 | 0.330 |
| Example 12 | 0.210 | 0.220 | 0.235 | 0.240 | 0.255 | 0.260 | 0.270 | 0.282 | 0.293 | 0.303 | 0.310 |
| Example 13 | 0.241 | 0.250 | 0.262 | 0.270 | 0.281 | 0.290 | 0.302 | 0.312 | 0.320 | 0.330 | 0.345 |
| Example 14 | 0.278 | 0.275 | 0.283 | 0.304 | 0.323 | 0.335 | 0.335 | 0.361 | 0.363 | 0.384 | 0.390 |
| Example 15 | 0.310 | 0.310 | 0.310 | 0.334 | 0.338 | 0.338 | 0.338 | 0.370 | 0.375 | 0.390 | 0.395 |
| Example 16 | 0.350 | 0.350 | 0.350 | 0.360 | 0.360 | 0.370 | 0.380 | 0.380 | 0.380 | 0.390 | 0.390 |
| Example 17 | 0.280 | 0.270 | 0.280 | 0.320 | 0.330 | 0.340 | 0.340 | 0.350 | 0.360 | 0.370 | 0.390 |
| Example 18 | 0.320 | 0.321 | 0.330 | 0.334 | 0.340 | 0.365 | 0.362 | 0.375 | 0.372 | 0.390 | 0.400 |
| Example 19 | 0.352 | 0.351 | 0.351 | 0.362 | 0.362 | 0.365 | 0.371 | 0.372 | 0.380 | 0.390 | 0.400 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.315 | 0.303 | 0.311 | 0.308 | 0.317 | 0.308 | 0.315 | 0.314 | 0.322 | 0.302 | 0.324 |
Table 2, average haze (%) data at different glass heights
Note that: the average roughness data and the average haze data refer to average data measured at the same height in the glass. The average roughness of the present utility model is measured using a roughness meter TR 200; the average haze data was measured by a Shen Guang WGT-S light transmittance haze tester.
To more intuitively present the data of tables 1 and 2, the present utility model plots the average roughness data according to examples 14 to 19 and comparative example 1 in table 1, resulting in fig. 1; plotting the average roughness data of examples 5 to 13 in table 1 gives fig. 2; the average haze data according to examples 14 to 19 and comparative example 1 in table 2 are plotted to obtain fig. 3; the average haze data for examples 5 to 13 in table 1 are plotted to give fig. 4.
It is apparent from fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4 that the average roughness data and the average haze data of examples 14 to 19 are gradually changed as a whole, and the average roughness data and the average haze data are relatively large when the glass height is small. While the average roughness data of comparative sample 1 ranged from 0.30 to 0.31, and the average haze data fluctuated in the range of 64.00 to 65.00. Whereas the gradual trend of the roughness data and the average haze data was smoother for examples 14 to 19 when the glass was immersed with pure water from examples 5 to 13 and according to the time empirical equation. It can be seen that the AG effect of the present utility model is gradually changed as a whole, and the gradual trend of AG effect is smoother when the method of adding pure water first and immersing glass according to a time empirical equation is further adopted.
2. Experiments were performed using corning GG5 white glass from corning corporation, which had a length of 170mm and a thickness of 0.6mm, and the white glass was treated by the chemical polishing methods of examples 5 to 16 and comparative example 1, respectively, to obtain average thickness data at different glass heights, as shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 average thickness (mm) data for different glass heights
To more intuitively present the data of table 3, the present utility model plots the average thickness data according to examples 14 to 16 and comparative example 1 in table 3, resulting in fig. 5; the average thickness data for examples 5 to 13 in table 3 are plotted to give fig. 6.
It is apparent from fig. 5 and 6 that the average thickness data of examples 14 to 19 were gradually changed as a whole, and were relatively small when the vertical height of the glass was small, while the average thickness data of comparative example 1 was fluctuated up and down by 0.57. Whereas the glass was immersed by the pure water method of examples 5 to 13 and according to the time empirical equation, the gradual trend of the average thickness data was smoother than that of examples 14 to 15. It can be seen that the thickness of the glass is gradually changed as a whole, and the gradual trend of the thickness is smoother when the method of adding pure water first and soaking the glass according to a time experience equation is further adopted. The glass heights in tables 1 to 3 are heights in the above tables, with a plane in which the lowest point of the glass is located as a reference plane and a vertical height from the reference plane when the glass is in the container.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model and not for limiting the scope of the present utility model, and although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present utility model may be modified or substituted equally without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.
Claims (5)
1. A gradual change glass chemical polishing method is characterized in that: the contact time between different areas of the glass and the chemical polishing liquid is changed at a constant speed, so that gradual change glass is obtained;
the method comprises the following steps:
step A.1, vertically placing glass in a container, and entering step A.2;
step A.2, velocity v at bottom of vessel 1 Injecting chemical polishing liquid at a constant speed, taking out the glass after the chemical polishing liquid completely soaks the glass, and entering a step A.3;
step A.3, cleaning the glass to obtain graded glass;
the step A.2 comprises the following steps:
step A.2.1, adding pure water into a container;
step A.2.2, injecting chemical polishing liquid at constant speed at the bottom of the container, starting timing when the liquid level of the liquid in the container is H, and reaching t 1 When the glass is taken out, the step A.3 is carried out, and h exists 1 ＜H，h 1 Is the maximum vertical height of the glass;
in step A.2.2, the t 1 Obtained by an empirical formula shown as formula (I),
t 1 ＝(T 1 /Δh-T 2 +2c)/8.5v 1 formula (I);
wherein T is 1 T is the temperature of pure water 2 To change the temperature of the polishing liquid, and T 2 ＜T 1 ，T 1 And T 2 The units are all in the same degree centigrade; c is acid test in chemical polishing liquidThe accumulated mass percentage of the agent is shown in units of; t is t 1 Is s; Δh is the ratio of the difference between the vertical height of the liquid surface of pure water and the maximum vertical height of glass, v 1 The injection speed of chemical polishing liquid is mm/s; wherein the vertical height of the liquid level of the pure water is the vertical height of the liquid level obtained by taking the horizontal plane of the lowest point of the glass as a reference plane.
2. The graded glass chemical polishing method according to claim 1, wherein: the Δh is obtained from formula (II),
Δh＝(h 1 -h 2 )/h 1 formula (II);
h 1 in cm, h 2 Is the vertical height of the liquid level of the pure water and is expressed in cm, and h is present 1 ＝0.2h 2 ～0.5h 2 Wherein the vertical height of the liquid surface of the pure water is a vertical height of the liquid surface obtained by taking the horizontal plane of the lowest point of the glass as a reference plane.
3. The graded glass chemical polishing method according to claim 2, wherein: the temperature is less than or equal to 30 ℃ T 1 ≤50℃；
10℃≤T 2 ≤20℃；
0.35mm/s≤v 1 ≤1.4mm/s；
H is 1.3H 1 。
4. A graded glass chemical polishing method according to claim 3, wherein: the chemical polishing liquid contains water and an acid reagent, wherein the acid reagent is nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid.
5. The graded glass chemical polishing method according to claim 4, wherein: the mass percent of nitric acid is defined as c 1 C is 3 percent or less 1 ≤6％；
The mass percent of hydrofluoric acid is defined as c 2 C is 3 percent or less 2 ≤6％。
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| CN110304834A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-10-08 | 江苏金旭新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of etching solution and the technique using the obtained ground glass cell phone rear cover of the etching solution |
| CN111333341A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-06-26 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Battery cover, mobile terminal and manufacturing method of battery cover |
| CN111499213A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2020-08-07 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Gradient glass and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113800776A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2021-12-17 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Shell assembly, preparation method thereof and mobile terminal |
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| CN111333341A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-06-26 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Battery cover, mobile terminal and manufacturing method of battery cover |
| CN111499213A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2020-08-07 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Gradient glass and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110304834A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-10-08 | 江苏金旭新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of etching solution and the technique using the obtained ground glass cell phone rear cover of the etching solution |
| CN113800776A (en) * | 2020-06-15 | 2021-12-17 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Shell assembly, preparation method thereof and mobile terminal |
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