CN1154804A

CN1154804A - Pollen wall-breaking technology

Info

Publication number: CN1154804A
Application number: CN96117168A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姚远
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1996-11-14
Filing date: 1996-11-14
Publication date: 1997-07-23

Abstract

The present invention relates to a new wall-breaking process for pollen, which includes such steps: 1. pulverizing dried pollen granules by using pulverizer into fine-grained material; 2. making pollen suspended material by adding water; 3. making the pollen suspended material pass through the process of high-pressure liquid jet circulating treatment in a high-pressure homogenizer. Said invention possesses the advantages of highw all-breaking rate, high biostability, short treatment time, low cost, high yield, convenient operation and stable product quality.

Description

Pollen wall-breaking technology

What the present invention relates to is that a kind of to be used for making with pollen be medicine, the food of raw material, process pollen treatment process---the pollen wall-breaking technology of cosmetics.

Prior art, as colloid mill or ball-milling method, they are pollen suspension to be placed on carry out circular treatment in colloid mill or the ball milling, and its defective is that rate of breaking pollen wall is low, and operational stability is poor.Enzymatic isolation method for another example, with cellulase and pectase hydrolysis pollen wall, its defective is that the amount of used cellulase, pectase is bigger in pollen suspension, and the processing time is also longer, and cost is higher.

The objective of the invention is to the defective at above-mentioned existence, propose a kind of sporoderm-broken rate height, cost is low, the pollen wall-breaking technology that operational stability is good, the processing time is short.

Technical scheme of the present invention:

Processing step branch (1) is ground into acinous with dried pollen particles through pulverizer, (2) add water furnishing pollen suspension, (3) pollen suspension that will add the water furnishing is located at and carries out the high-pressure liquid jet circular treatment in the high pressure homogenizer, the pollen suspension that processing speed per minute 0.1-6 rises, the sporoderm-broken rate 30%-98% of exposore, the sporoderm-broken rate 20%-90% of inwall, the operating pressure of high pressure homogenizer is controlled at 30MPa-70MPa, temperature is controlled at 10-95 ℃, cycle-index 3-20 time, thus pollen suspension after circular treatment obtained.

In the pollen suspension after the circular treatment, can add concentration and be 0.005% to 0.1% cellulase and concentration and be 0.005% to 0.5% pectase, add appropriate amount of acid or alkali again, making the material pH value is 2.5 to 8, and the time of mixed processing is at 0.5-5 hour, and temperature is at 35-55 ℃.

Advantage of the present invention:

(1) sporoderm-broken rate height:

Outer wall sporoderm-broken rate 〉=95%; Inwall sporoderm-broken rate 〉=92%.

(2) biological stability:

Owing in the technology for broken wall process, do not introduce assorted bacterium and other microorganisms, no harsh chemical reaction is without high temperature, so can not change the composition of various materials in the pollen cell.

(3) processing time is short:

Processing time≤30 minute, if increase enzymolysis rule broken wall treatment time≤120 minute, under normal circumstances broken time is between 20 minutes to 120 minutes.

(4) cost is low, and output is big

This is an important feature of this technology, can on relevant modular system, be improved, produce the equipment that is suitable for this technology, the treating capacity unit can reach the pure dried flower powder of 50kg/hour, the relevant device cost is no more than 150,000 yuan of (prices in 1996, only for broken wall workshop section), post processing is easy and cost is also lower.

(5) be convenient to operation, constant product quality

Can make things convenient for by controlling each operating parameter, control rate of breaking pollen wall (30%-98%) exactly.

Technological process of the present invention can divide:

Raw material pollen (original shape pollen) → preparation pollen suspension → 20 to 30 minutes → high pressure homogenizer circular treatment → temperature adjustment of immersion is transferred the pH value → enzymolysis → enzyme → ultra high temperature short time sterilization of going out → subsequent treatment process

Process description is as follows:

(1) purpose soaked of pollen is to make moisture to infiltrate pollen cell, causes cell expansion, produces cell interior tension force, helps follow-up technology for broken wall.

(2) circular treatment of high pressure homogenizer

In the present invention, high-pressure liquid jet is finished by high pressure homogenizer, and in practical operation, the effect of high pressure homogenizer has two, and one makes that pollen load is refined to the individual cells level in the water, its two, make cell wall rupture.

When operating pressure 〉=50MPa, broken wall can normally carry out, the liquid that contains pollen cell be compressed into high pressure (〉=50MPa), be higher than under the pressure reduction of 50MPa, liquid entrainment pollen cell high velocity stream is through slit, and at duct break-in place (i.e. two slit intersections), liquid at high speed is clashed into the target surface of metal stud, thereby cause the front bump of pollen cell and target surface, cause breaking of cell membrane.For this high-speed impact, hard thick crisp mantle than soft thin tough cell inwall sensitivity many, generally speaking, outer wall can break through 2 to 3 times front bump, inwall can break through 4 to 6 times front bump.

In addition, be not that cycling each time all can make each pollen cell obtain effectively positive bump (also claiming effectively bump), because travel paths and crash direction have nothing in common with each other, effective impact rate of each circulation is between 20% to 30%.

Because above-mentioned factor, repeatedly circular treatment is essential, in practical operation, the return tank of connecting with the super-high-pressure homogenization machine, for reducing the material back-mixing in the return tank, its (long/directly) ratio should be greater than (5/1), return tank chuck in addition has control valve to regulate flow direction of material on pipeline with by the temperature control medium.

Rate of breaking pollen wall is directly related with cycle-index, and when cycle-index was 8, sporoderm-broken rate was nearly 90%, is 10 o'clock, and sporoderm-broken rate is nearly 92, is 15 o'clock, and sporoderm-broken rate is nearly 95%, and as seen, when cycle-index surpassed 10, sporoderm-broken rate only had faint change and levels off to 100%.

(3) enzymolysis processing

The unlimited cycling number of times that increases homogenizer can reach given sporoderm-broken rate arbitrarily in theory, but this is unhelpful on cost, in the ordinary course of things, cycle-index reaches 6 to 8 times, the outer wall rupture rate reaches 90%, the inwall rupture rate reaches at 70% o'clock, just should enter next broken wall step: the enzymolysis processing step.

Compare with the processing method of only carrying out broken wall with enzymatic isolation method, because hard abundant outer wall is broken and comes off, the enzyme much thin inwall of can directly degrading, this has two advantages: 1. shortened enzymolysis time, reduced to 1.5 to 2 hours by 10 hours; 2. reduce the consumption of enzyme, effectively reduced cost.

The present invention adopts cellulase and the pollen suspension of pectase processing behind first step broken wall, earlier pollen liquid is transferred to suitable temperature and pH value, after adding two kinds of enzymes, carry out gentle stirring, pollen suspension for variety classes and different working depths, processing time generally at 30 minutes to 120 minutes, can reach 95% sporoderm-broken rate.

Embodiment 1:

Pollen suspension 30%, 60 ℃ of temperature, operating pressure 60MPa circulates sporoderm-broken rate 70% 6 times;

Embodiment 2:

On the basis of embodiment 1, carry out enzymolysis, add cellulase 0.02%, pectase 0.03%, pH value 4.0,45 ℃ of temperature, gentle agitation 120 minutes, final sporoderm-broken rate 90%, treating capacity 2.5kg.

Embodiment 3:

Pollen suspension 15%, 60 ℃ of temperature, operating pressure 60MPa circulates outer wall sporoderm-broken rate 90%, inwall sporoderm-broken rate 80% 8 times.

Embodiment 4:

On the basis of embodiment 3, carry out enzymolysis, add cellulase 0.01%, pectase 0.02%, pH value 4.0,47 ℃ of temperature, gentle agitation 90 minutes, final sporoderm-broken rate: outer wall 96%, inwall 93%.

Embodiment 5:

Pollen suspension 30%, 70 ℃ of temperature, operating pressure 68MPa circulates outer wall sporoderm-broken rate 95%, inwall sporoderm-broken rate 92% 12 times.

Embodiment 6:

On the basis of enforcement 5, carry out, add cellulase 0.02%, pectase 0.02%, pH value 4.0,45 ℃ of temperature, gentle agitation 90 minutes, final sporoderm-broken rate: outer wall 99%, inwall 97%.

Claims

1, pollen wall-breaking technology, step branch (1) is ground into acinous with dried pollen particles through pulverizer, (2) add water furnishing pollen suspension, it is characterized in that pollen suspension that (3) will add the water furnishing is located at carries out the high-pressure liquid jet circular treatment in the high pressure homogenizer, the pollen suspension that processing speed per minute 0.1-6 rises, the sporoderm-broken rate 30%-98% of exposore, the sporoderm-broken rate 20%-90% of inwall, the operating pressure of high pressure homogenizer is controlled at 30MPa-70MPa, temperature is controlled at 10-95 ℃, cycle-index 3-20 time, thus pollen suspension after circular treatment obtained.

2, pollen wall-breaking technology according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the pollen suspension after the circular treatment, can adding concentration and be 0.005% to 0.1% cellulase and concentration and be 0.005% to 0.5% pectase and carry out mixed processing, add appropriate amount of acid, alkali again, the material pH value is transferred to 2.5-8, the time of mixed processing is at 0.5-5 hour, and temperature is at 35-55 ℃.