CN115478899A - Automatic monitoring and measuring method and system for construction period of highway tunnel - Google Patents
Automatic monitoring and measuring method and system for construction period of highway tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN115478899A CN115478899A CN202211099465.8A CN202211099465A CN115478899A CN 115478899 A CN115478899 A CN 115478899A CN 202211099465 A CN202211099465 A CN 202211099465A CN 115478899 A CN115478899 A CN 115478899A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010223 real-time analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of highway tunnel construction, and discloses an automatic monitoring and measuring method and system for a highway tunnel construction period, which are used for solving the problems of poor real-time performance, low working efficiency, large labor input and small data volume in the prior art. The method comprises the steps of laying a target on a monitoring section, attaching a reflective film to a round steel plate to form the target, arranging the target on the monitored section in a tunnel monitoring area through a target base, carrying out continuous monitoring and measurement on the target 24 hours a day by a vision measuring instrument, arranging next measuring section at an interval of 5-20 meters along with forward construction of a tunnel, and repeating the measurement until the construction is finished. The system consists of a bracket, a target, a vision measuring instrument, a data acquisition and transmission cabinet, a small communication signal base station and a background workstation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of highway tunnel construction, and particularly relates to an automatic monitoring and measuring method and system for a highway tunnel construction period.
Background
The monitoring and measuring in the construction period of the highway tunnel is an important means for realizing dynamic construction and ensuring construction safety, the traditional monitoring and measuring method mainly adopts a special manual operation instrument for measurement, the measurement result needs to be manually recorded or stored in an equipment data card, and after the field measurement work is finished completely, the measurement data returns to the indoor environment to analyze and process the field measurement data, so that the problems of poor real-time performance, low working efficiency, large manpower input and less data quantity exist, the method is limited by the technical level and the field working condition, and the data reliability is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic monitoring and measuring method and system for a highway tunnel construction period, which are used for solving the problems of poor real-time performance, low working efficiency, large manpower input and small data volume in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an automatic monitoring and measuring method for a construction period of a road tunnel comprises the following steps:
step 1, fixing a support: vertically placing a support formed by connecting a plurality of sections of short steel pipes on road surfaces on two sides of a tunnel monitoring area, respectively arranging a movable base and a support base on the upper part and the lower part of the support, drilling 4 circular anchoring holes on a road surface plate at an installation position, embedding 4 support anchor bolts in the holes, aligning and fastening the anchoring holes of the support base and the support anchor bolts, fixing a vision measuring instrument on the movable base on the upper part of the support, and fixing a data acquisition and transmission cabinet in the middle of the support;
step 2, sticking a reflective film on the round steel plate to form a target, drilling 2 anchoring holes along the radial direction at 5 positions of a vault, a left arch waist, a right arch waist, a left side wall and a right side wall of the first monitoring section, fixing anchor bolts on a base of the target on the anchoring holes and enabling the reflective film to face the installation position of the vision measuring instrument;
and 7, setting the next measuring section at an interval of 5-20 meters along with the forward construction of the tunnel, and repeating the steps 1-6 until the construction is finished.
The automatic monitoring and measuring system used by the method comprises a bracket, a target, a vision measuring instrument, a data acquisition and transmission cabinet, a small communication base station and a background workstation;
the support is installed on the road surfaces on two sides of a tunnel monitoring area, the target is arranged on a monitored section in the tunnel monitoring area, the vision measuring instrument is installed at the top of the support, and the data acquisition and transmission cabinet is installed in the middle of the support;
the small communication base station covers the whole monitoring and measuring area, amplifies communication signals and deploys monitoring and measuring software in the background workstation;
the vision measuring instrument is connected with the data acquisition and transmission cabinet, and the data acquisition and transmission cabinet is in wireless connection with the background workstation.
Furthermore, the support is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of short steel pipes, the upper part and the lower part of the support are respectively provided with a movable base and a support base, and the support base is provided with an anchoring hole for fixing with a support anchor bolt on a road surface.
Further, the target comprises on the round steel plate by the subsides of reflection of light pad pasting, and the round steel plate passes through the target crab-bolt on the target base to be fixed on the section by monitoring, sets up a plurality of along the hoop symmetry.
Furthermore, the data acquisition and transmission cabinet is internally provided with a voltage converter, a power supply, a switch, a router, a data network manager and a signal transmitting antenna.
Furthermore, the small-sized communication base station comprises an out-of-hole signal receiver and an in-hole signal transmitter, and signal transmission is carried out between the out-of-hole signal receiver and the in-hole signal transmitter through a signal transmission optical cable.
Further, the background workstation comprises a use terminal, a signal receiver and a server.
Furthermore, the monitoring and measuring software is deployed on a server and has the functions of automatic data processing, data analysis, report generation and risk early warning.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and progresses:
1. the visual measuring instrument is installed in a tunnel monitoring area, continuous and automatic monitoring is carried out on the target 24 hours all day long, the measuring frequency can be freely adjusted according to requirements, the automation and intelligence level of monitoring and measuring work is greatly improved, and a large amount of labor and material cost is saved. The current situation of poor data reliability caused by the technical level and the field working condition can be greatly improved.
2. The vision measuring instrument is installed on the support, and when the monitoring area needs to be adjusted during forward construction of the tunnel, the support anchoring bolt of the measuring instrument can be simply detached, the support of the measuring instrument is moved forwards, and the measuring instrument is installed in place again, so that the automatic monitoring system can be ensured to effectively operate along with tunnel construction.
3. Erect small-size communication basic station, with the tunnel hole outer communication signal transmission to the hole in no communication signal's monitoring area during the construction, utilize communication signal to realize the wireless transmission of control data of measurationing to cancel the data transmission cable, effectively avoided the damage of construction operation to the cable, guaranteed system data transmission's stability.
4. Monitoring measurement software is deployed on the server, real-time analysis and processing are carried out on monitoring measurement data, monitoring personnel can operate the use terminal in different places to log in the server through the network, the change condition of the monitoring measurement data can be checked, and early warning can be timely carried out when the variation of the monitoring measurement data exceeds a threshold value and the condition of overlarge risk exists.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an apparatus arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic elevation view of the equipment layout in a monitoring area;
FIG. 3 is an elevation view of a specialized upright;
FIG. 4 is a pictorial view of the installation of the target;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a data collection and transmission cabinet;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a background workstation;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a small communication base station;
in the figure, 1-support, 2-target, 3-vision measuring instrument, 4-data collecting and transmitting cabinet, 5-movable base, 6-short steel pipe, 7-support base, 8-support anchor bolt, 9-round steel plate, 10-reflective film, 11-target base, 12-target anchor bolt, 13-voltage converter, 14-power supply, 15-switch, 16-router, 17-data gateway, 18-signal transmitting antenna, 19-out-of-hole communication signal receiver, 20-signal transmitting optical cable, 21-in-hole communication signal transmitter, 22-use terminal, 23-data receiver and 24-server.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The design idea of the invention is as follows: the visual measuring instrument is installed in a tunnel construction site monitoring area, the target is continuously monitored and measured 24 hours a day, and the measuring frequency can be adjusted according to construction requirements. When the tunnel is constructed forwards and the monitoring area needs to be changed, the bracket anchor bolt can be detached, the bracket is moved forwards and is reinstalled in place, and the monitoring and measuring system can work continuously along with the tunnel construction. Set up small-size communication signal basic station, in introducing the tunnel hole outer communication signal hole, use the transmission control of wireless communication means to measurate the data, cancel data transmission cable, can avoid the damage of construction operation to transmission cable, guarantee data transmission's stability. Monitoring and measuring software is deployed on the server, monitoring personnel can log in the server in different places to enter the software to check the change condition of monitoring data, a monitoring data early warning threshold value is set on the software, and early warning can be timely carried out when the variation quantity of the monitoring and measuring data exceeds the threshold value and the condition of overlarge risk exists.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1 to 7, an automatic monitoring and measuring method for a construction period of a road tunnel includes the following steps:
step 1, fixing a support:
the method comprises the following steps that a support 1 is composed of 3 sections of short steel pipes 6 which can be spliced, the support 1 is vertically placed on road surfaces on two sides of a tunnel monitoring area, 4 circular anchoring holes with the diameter of 16mm and the depth of 16cm are drilled in a road surface plate at an installation position, 4 support anchor bolts 8 with the diameter of 16cm are buried in the holes, the anchoring holes of a support base 7 are aligned with and fastened with the support anchor bolts 8, a visual measuring instrument 3 is fixed on a movable base 5 on the upper portion of the support 1, and a data acquisition and transmission cabinet 4 is fixed in the middle of the support 4;
step 2, attaching a reflective film 10 to a round steel plate 9 to form a target 2, arranging the target 2 on a target base 11, determining a monitoring section of a tunnel structure according to monitoring requirements, drilling 2 anchoring holes with the diameter of 8mm and the depth of 10cm at each position of a vault, a left arch waist, a right arch waist, a left side wall and a right side wall 5 of the monitoring section, placing the target base 11 at the anchoring hole positions, rotating the target 2 by an angle to enable the reflective film 10 to face the installation position of a vision measuring instrument 3, and fixing the target base 11 by adopting 2 phi 8 target anchor bolts 12;
and 5, installing an out-of-hole communication signal receiver 19 at a position with good communication signals at the tunnel portal, rotating the angle of the receiver to enable an antenna of the receiver to face the position with the best signals and then fixing, rotating a transmitter antenna of the in-hole communication signal transmitter 21 to face the position of the data acquisition and transmission box 4, and supplying power to the out-of-hole communication signal receiver 19 and the in-hole communication signal transmitter 21 by virtue of a 220V power supply which is externally connected nearby. The off-hole signal receiver 19 receives and amplifies the communication signal, transmits the communication signal to the in-hole signal transmitter 21 through the signal transmission optical cable 20, and transmits the communication signal through the in-hole signal transmitter 21 to cover the whole monitoring and measuring area;
the data collected by the vision measuring instrument 3 is transmitted to a data gateway 17 through an exchanger 15 in the data collecting and transmitting cabinet 4, and then is transmitted out through a signal transmitting antenna 18 after passing through the data gateway 17;
and 6, installing a data receiver 23 indoors, receiving wireless data transmitted by the signal transmitting antenna 18, uploading the wireless data to a server 24 through a network, deploying tunnel automatic monitoring and measuring software on the server 24, and automatically processing the monitoring and measuring data by the software to realize functions of data analysis, report generation, risk early warning and the like. The manager performs an operation by logging in the server 24 on the use terminal 22;
and 7, setting the next measuring section at an interval of 5-20 meters along with the forward construction of the tunnel, and repeating the steps 1-6 until the construction is finished.
The automatic monitoring and measuring system used by the method comprises: the system comprises a support 1, a target 2, a vision measuring instrument 3, a data acquisition and transmission cabinet 4, a small communication base station and a background workstation.
The targets 2 are arranged on a monitored section in a tunnel monitoring area, and are distributed on measuring points 5 on a vault, a left arch waist, a right arch waist, a left side wall and a right side wall of the section in the circumferential direction, 1 target is arranged at each measuring point, and the number of the arranged measuring sections and targets is gradually increased along with forward construction of the tunnel.
Support 1 by 3 sections short steel pipes 6 that can splice form, steel wall thickness 2.0mm, the length of single-section steel pipe is 1.2m, adopt the screw thread to splice between the steel pipe, the total height of concatenation completion after-poppet is 3.4m, 1 top of support is provided with movable base 5, adjustable horizontal angle and vertical angle, 1 bottom of support is fixed with diameter 150 mm's circular support base 7, every interval 90 sets up 1 anchor hole on support base 7 central diameter 100 mm's circular arc, totally 4 anchor holes, adopt support crab-bolt 8 to pass anchor hole and concrete pavement slab to fix.
The data acquisition and transmission cabinet 4 is made of thin steel plates, and the inner surface and the outer surface of the data acquisition and transmission cabinet are coated with insulation and corrosion resistance. Data acquisition and transmission cabinet 4 installs in 1 middle part of support, sets up 1 respectively in the tunnel left and right sides. The data acquisition and transmission cabinet 4 is equipped with a voltage converter 13, a power supply 14, a switch 15, a router 16, a data gateway 17, and a signal transmitting antenna 18.
The small communication base station mainly comprises an out-of-hole signal receiver 19, a signal transmission optical cable 20 and an in-hole signal transmitter 21, wherein the out-of-hole signal receiver 19 receives and amplifies communication signals, transmits the communication signals to the in-hole signal transmitter 21 through the signal transmission optical cable 20, and transmits the communication signals out through the in-hole signal transmitter 21 to cover the whole monitoring and measuring area.
The background workstation mainly comprises a data receiver 23, a server 24 and a use terminal 22. The data receiver is responsible for receiving the monitoring measurement data signals transmitted by the signal transmitting antenna 18 in the data acquisition and transmission cabinet 4, then transmitting the monitoring measurement data signals to the server 24, carrying out real-time analysis and processing on the data through monitoring measurement software deployed on the server 24, and a manager can log in the server 24 at a different place through using the terminal 22 and enter the software to check the conditions of the monitoring measurement data.
Claims (8)
1. An automatic monitoring and measuring method for a construction period of a road tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, fixing a support: vertically placing a support (1) formed by connecting a plurality of sections of short steel pipes (6) on road surfaces on two sides of a tunnel monitoring area, respectively arranging a movable base (5) and a support base (7) on the upper portion and the lower portion of the support (1), drilling 4 circular anchoring holes on a road surface plate at an installation position, embedding 4 support anchor bolts (8) in the holes, aligning and fastening the anchoring holes of the support base (7) and the support anchor bolts (8), fixing a vision measuring instrument (3) on the movable base (5) on the upper portion of the support (1), and fixing a data acquisition and transmission cabinet (4) in the middle of the support (1);
step 2, attaching a reflective film (10) to a round steel plate (9) to form a target (2), drilling 2 anchoring holes along the radial direction at the positions of a vault, a left arch waist, a right arch waist, a left side wall and a right side wall 5 of a first monitoring section, fixing anchor bolts on a base of the target on the anchoring holes and enabling the reflective film (10) to face the installation position of a visual measuring instrument (3);
step 3, adjusting the movable base (5) to enable the visual measuring instrument (3) to be accurately aligned to the target (2) to be measured, and finally adjusting the focal length of a lens of the visual measuring instrument (3) to enable the target (2) to be clearly distinguished in the visual field of the visual measuring instrument (3);
step 4, leading out a power line from a construction site trolley distribution box to supply power to a data acquisition and transmission cabinet (4), reducing 220V alternating current to 12V direct current by a voltage converter (16) arranged in the data acquisition and transmission cabinet (4), then connecting a power supply (17), supplying power to a built-in switch (13), a router (14) and a data gateway (15), and leading out a power line to supply power to a visual measuring instrument (3), wherein the visual measuring instrument (3) is connected with a data line and the switch (15) in the data acquisition and transmission cabinet (4);
step 5, installing an out-of-hole communication signal receiver (19) at a good position of a communication signal at the tunnel portal, installing an in-hole communication signal transmitter (21) in the hole, and connecting the two through a deployed signal transmission optical cable (20); the data collected by the vision measuring instrument (3) is transmitted to a data gateway (17) through a switch (15) in the data collecting and transmitting cabinet (4), and then is transmitted out through a signal transmitting antenna (18) after passing through the data gateway (17);
step 6, a data receiver (23) receives wireless data transmitted by the signal transmitting antenna (18) and automatically uploads the wireless data to a server (24), and a manager logs in the server (24) to operate on a use terminal (22);
and 7, setting the next measuring section at the interval of 5-20 meters along with the forward construction of the tunnel, and repeating the steps 1-6 until the construction is finished.
2. The automatic monitoring and measuring system for the construction period of the road tunnel according to claim 1, wherein:
the system comprises a bracket (1), a target (2), a vision measuring instrument (3), a data acquisition and transmission cabinet (4), a small communication base station and a background workstation;
the system comprises a support (1), targets (2), a vision measuring instrument (3), a data acquisition and transmission cabinet (4), a tunnel monitoring area, a target monitoring area and a data acquisition and transmission cabinet, wherein the support (1) is arranged on the pavements on two sides of the tunnel monitoring area;
the small communication base station covers the whole monitoring and measuring area, amplifies communication signals and deploys monitoring and measuring software in the background workstation;
the vision measuring instrument (3) is connected with the data acquisition and transmission cabinet (4), and the data acquisition and transmission cabinet (4) is wirelessly connected with the background workstation.
3. The automated monitoring and measuring system for construction period of road tunnel according to claim 2, wherein:
the support (1) is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of short steel pipes (6), the upper part and the lower part of the support (1) are respectively provided with a movable base (5) and a support base (7), and the support base (7) is provided with an anchoring hole for fixing with a support anchor bolt (8) on the road surface.
4. An automatic monitoring and measuring system for the construction period of a road tunnel according to claim 3, wherein:
target (2) constitute by reflecting light pad pasting (10) subsides on round steel plate (9), and round steel plate (9) are fixed on the section of monitoring through target crab-bolt (12) on target base (11), set up a plurality of along the hoop symmetry.
5. The automated monitoring and measuring system for construction period of road tunnel according to claim 4, wherein:
the data acquisition and transmission cabinet (4) is internally provided with a voltage converter (13), a power supply (14), a switch (15), a router (16), a data network manager (17) and a signal transmitting antenna (18).
6. The automatic monitoring and measuring system for the construction period of the road tunnel according to claim 5, wherein:
the small-sized communication base station comprises an out-of-hole signal receiver (19) and an in-hole signal transmitter (21), and signal transmission is carried out between the out-of-hole signal receiver and the in-hole signal transmitter through a signal transmission optical cable (20).
7. The automatic monitoring and measuring system for the construction period of the road tunnel according to claim 6, wherein:
the background workstation comprises a using terminal (22), a signal receiver (23) and a server (24).
8. The automated monitoring and measuring system for construction period of road tunnel according to claim 7, wherein:
the monitoring and measuring software is deployed on a server (24), and has the functions of automatic data processing, data analysis, report generation and risk early warning.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211099465.8A CN115478899A (en) | 2022-09-09 | 2022-09-09 | Automatic monitoring and measuring method and system for construction period of highway tunnel |
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| CN202211099465.8A CN115478899A (en) | 2022-09-09 | 2022-09-09 | Automatic monitoring and measuring method and system for construction period of highway tunnel |
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| CN115478899A true CN115478899A (en) | 2022-12-16 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116798191A (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2023-09-22 | 西安恒泰永畅交通科技有限公司 | Real-time monitoring and early warning system and method for disasters in construction period of highway tunnel |
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