CN115474613B - Application of sasanquasaponin and/or ginkgo extract as bactericide for inhibiting black spore fungus - Google Patents

Application of sasanquasaponin and/or ginkgo extract as bactericide for inhibiting black spore fungus Download PDF

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CN115474613B
CN115474613B CN202211128100.3A CN202211128100A CN115474613B CN 115474613 B CN115474613 B CN 115474613B CN 202211128100 A CN202211128100 A CN 202211128100A CN 115474613 B CN115474613 B CN 115474613B
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sasanquasaponin
ginkgo extract
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CN115474613A (en
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袁志辉
曾丽亚
何福林
张斌
刘小文
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Hunan University of Science and Engineering
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/14Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A01N43/16Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/90Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N45/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, containing compounds having three or more carbocyclic rings condensed among themselves, at least one ring not being a six-membered ring
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01PBIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P3/00Fungicides
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
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Abstract

The invention provides application of sasanqua saponin and/or ginkgo extract as a bactericide for inhibiting black spore fungus, belonging to the technical field of bactericides. The single agent of the sasanquasaponin and the ginkgo extract has a remarkable inhibiting effect on the black spore bacteria of rice, so that the sasanquasaponin and the ginkgo extract have the potential of preventing and treating plant diseases caused by the black spore bacteria of rice. And both are more advantageous in terms of environmental friendliness as plant extracts. The invention also screens the proportion of the sasanquasaponin and the ginkgo extract with synergistic effect, improves the sterilization effect, and provides a new medicament formula for preventing and controlling the black spore fungus.

Description

Application of sasanquasaponin and/or ginkgo extract as bactericide for inhibiting black spore fungus
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bactericides, in particular to application of sasanquasaponin and/or ginkgo extract as a bactericide for inhibiting black spore fungus of rice.
Background
The black spore fungus (Nigrospora oryzae) is a pathogenic fungus widely distributed in the global scope, can infect various plants such as corn, rice, wheat, sorghum, cotton, ginger, banyan, and the like, is mainly distributed in main rice areas such as black longjiang, jiangsu, sichuan, hunan, guangdong, and the like, and can cause diseases such as rice spike rot, rice sheath blight, cotton rose black spot, dayflower leaf spot, rice branch blight, ginger leaf spot, and the like.
There are relatively few reports of control against this bacterium. Li Quqing et al report that 75% trifloxystrobin tebuconazole water dispersible granule and 325g L -1 Suspending agent of azoxystrobin, 250 g.L -1 The azoxystrobin suspending agent has better plate inhibition effect on the fungus (Li Quqing, fu Hongfei, li Gong. Nigrospora oryzae biological characteristics and bactericide screening [ J ]]Yangtze river vegetables 2016 (6): 80-84.). Feng Aiqing and the like detect the inhibition effect of 10 bactericides on the strain, and the result shows that medicaments such as difenoconazole, fludioxonil, prochloraz-manganese chloride complex and the like can be used as candidate medicaments for preventing and treating the rice black spore fungus (Feng Aiqing, chen Shen, zhu Xiaoyuan and the like.10 bactericides have indoor toxicity [ J ] on She He rice leaf spot germs]Plant protection, 2014,40 (4): 193-197.). In terms of biological control, semperre et al demonstrated that penicillium oxalicum can inhibit the growth of black spore mold, but the field has not yet been experimentally verified and popularized (semperf, SANTAMARINA M p.support of Nigrospora oryzae (Berk).&Broome)Petch by An Aggressive Mycoparasite and Competitor,Penicillium oxalicum Currie&Thom[J]International Journal of Food Microbiology,2008,122 (1-2): 35-43.). Therefore, the development of new agents with control effects on melanosporum oryzae as soon as possible is very necessary and urgent.
The sasanquasaponin is a natural surfactant with excellent performance and has various biological activities such as antioxidation and the like. For these activities, sasanquasaponin-based detergents, pesticides, various industrial emulsifiers, beer foaming agents, food industry emulsifiers, and the like have been developed. In recent years, researches on prevention and treatment of plant-lethal pathogenic fungi by using sasanqua saponin are widely focused, and Huang Jiguang and the like test 12 plant pathogenic fungi and find that sasanqua saponin has remarkable inhibition effect on growth of 5 pathogenic fungi hyphae of rice blast, citrus green mold, tomato ringworm, lychee downy mildew and corn ringworm, but has no inhibition effect on banana fusarium wilt, mango anthracnose, watermelon fusarium wilt, banana anthracnose and the like (Huang Jiguang, chen Xiuxian, xu Hanhong and the like; antibacterial activity of tea saponin on 12 plant pathogenic fungi [ J ]. University of agriculture in China, 2013,32 (2): 50-53.). The inhibiting effect of the sasanquasaponin on the black spore fungus is not reported at present.
Gingko is called as plant activated stone, and survives for hundreds of millions of years on the earth, and one of the important reasons is that the components contained in the branches and leaves of gingko have remarkable insect resistance and bactericidal activity. It has been shown that ginkgo leaf extracts are capable of inhibiting the infection of related hosts by Aspergillus niger, curvularia lunata, fusarium oxysporum, rhizoctonia solani (Liu XG, lu X, gao W, et al Structure, synthis, biosynthesis, and activity of the characteristic compounds from Ginkgo biloba L. Natural products Reports,2022,39 (3): 474-511.) at low concentrations. However, the inhibiting effect of ginkgo leaf extract on black fungus is not reported at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel medicament formula for preventing and treating the rice black spore fungus (Nigrospora oryzae), and provides a basis for screening novel efficient and environment-friendly medicaments for preventing and treating the rice black spore fungus.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides application of sasanquasaponin and/or ginkgo extract as a bactericide for inhibiting black spore fungus.
Preferably, when the bactericide comprises the sasanquasaponin alone, the bactericidal concentration of the sasanquasaponin is (6.3-10.5) multiplied by 10 -3 mg·L -1
Preferably, when the ginkgo extract is solely included in the bactericide, the bactericidal concentration of the ginkgo extract is (0.87-1.3) x 10 -3 mg·L -1
Preferably, when the bactericide comprises the sasanqua saponin and the ginkgo extract, the volume ratio of the sasanqua saponin to the ginkgo extract is 2.8-3.2: 3.8 to 7.2.
Preferably, the concentration of the sasanquasaponin is (6.3-10.5) multiplied by 10 -3 mg·L -1 The concentration of the ginkgo extract is (0.87-1.3) x 10 -3 mg·L -1
The single agent of the sasanquasaponin and the ginkgo extract has a remarkable inhibiting effect on the black spore bacteria of rice, so that the sasanquasaponin and the ginkgo extract have the potential of preventing and treating plant diseases caused by the black spore bacteria of rice. And both are more advantageous in terms of environmental friendliness as plant extracts. The invention also screens the proportion of the sasanquasaponin and the ginkgo extract with synergistic effect, improves the sterilization effect, and provides a new medicament formula for preventing and controlling the black spore fungus.
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FIG. 1 shows the inhibitory effect of different concentrations of sasanqua saponin and ginkgo biloba extract on Nigrospora oryzae in example 1, A-F being the addition of sasanqua saponin to PDA medium to 9.45X10 respectively -3 mg·L -1 、8.40×10 -3 mg·L -1 、7.35×10 - 3 mg·L -1 、6.30×10 -3 mg·L -1 、5.25×10 -3 mg·L -1 、0mg·L -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the G-L is PDA culture medium, and semen Ginkgo extract is added to 1.30X10 respectively -3 mg·L -1 、1.10×10 -3 mg·L -1 、0.90×10 -3 mg·L -1 、0.7×10 -3 mg·L -1 、0.50×10 -3 mg·L -1 、0mg·L -1
Detailed Description
The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The black spore fungus (Nigrospora oryzae) used in the following examples was collected from the disease rice leaves in the laboratory field of Hunan academy of technology, and after conventional isolation, purification and identification in PDA solid medium, the slant was stored at 4℃for use. Sasanquasaponin (Hunan Hanqing biotechnology Co., ltd.), semen Ginkgo extract (Shanghai microphone Biochemical technology Co., ltd., CAS number: 90045-36-6, MDL number: MFCD00240717, stock number: G832683-100G, specification: 10:1 purification, the main components are semen Ginkgo total flavonoids and ginkgolide), PDA culture medium (Qingdao high-tech industrial garden Haibo biotechnology Co., ltd.).
The following example of the method for activating the black spore fungus comprises the following steps: inoculating the bacteria stored in the inclined solid into a PDA plate, culturing at a constant temperature of 28 ℃, and growing the bacterial colony to 2/3 of the culture dish.
Example 1
Determination of antibacterial activity of sasanquasaponin or ginkgo extract
(1) Preparing a sasanquasaponin concentration gradient culture medium: diluting oil tea saponin mother liquor with water to obtain 10.50X10 - 2 mg·L -1 、9.45×10 -2 mg·L -1 、8.40×10 -2 mg·L -1 、7.35×10 -2 mg·L -1 、6.30×10 -2 mg·L -1 、5.25×10 -2 mg·L -1 、4.20×10 -2 mg·L -1 Concentration, 1mL of the diluent and 9mL of PDA culture medium were added to the dish and mixed evenly to prepare 10.5X10-containing medium respectively -3 mg·L -1 、9.45×10 -3 mg·L -1 、8.40×10 -3 mg·L -1 、7.35×10 -3 mg·L -1 、6.30×10 -3 mg·L -1 、5.25×10 -3 mg·L -1 、4.20×10 -3 mg·L -1 Concentration of sasanquasaponin PDA plates, blank group added with 1mL sterile water and 9mL culture medium, each concentration was repeated three times, and total number of plates was 24.
(2) Preparing a gingko extract concentration gradient culture medium: diluting semen Ginkgo extract with water to obtain extract 1.30X10 - 2 mg·L -1 、1.10×10 -2 mg·L -1 、0.90×10 -2 mg·L -1 、0.70×10 -2 mg·L -1 、0.50×10 -2 mg·L -1 Concentration, 1mL of the dilution and 9mL of PDA culture medium were added to the dish and mixed uniformly to prepare 1.30X10-containing medium respectively -3 mg·L -1 、1.10×10 -3 mg·L -1 、0.90×10 -3 mg·L -1 、0.70×10 -3 mg·L -1 、0.50×10 -3 mg·L -1 Ginkgo extract PDA plates at concentrations, blank plus 1mL of sterile water and 9mL of medium, were replicated three times per concentration, for a total of 18 plates.
(3) Antibacterial activity assay: the activated black spore fungus cake is punched by a 5mm puncher and inoculated to the center of a PDA plate containing the medicine, and the plate culture medium with the medicine and blank is placed at the constant temperature of 28 ℃ for culture. The colony diameter was measured once every 24 hours by the crisscross method and the average value was taken for each colony until the colony diameter of the blank control reached 2/3 of the dish. The hypha growth inhibition rate was calculated from the measured results. Then drawing a virulence regression equation according to the concentration and the inhibition rate, and calculating the effective medium concentration EC 50
Colony diameter (cm) =colony diameter measured-0.5;
hypha growth inhibition (%) = (control colony diameter-treated colony diameter)/control colony diameter x 100%.
The colony growth rate method was used to determine the inhibition of the growth of the black spore hyphae by the two bactericides, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 inhibition of two bactericides against Nigrospora oryzae at different concentrations
Note that: bacteriostatic = mean ± standard deviation (n = 3).
From table 1, it can be seen that both sasanquasaponin and ginkgo extract have inhibitory effects on black spore fungus, and the inhibitory effects are remarkable, and both exhibit concentration dependence. Wherein the ginkgo extract has the most obvious antibacterial effect on the black spore fungus. Every 10% increase in the inhibition effect of sasanquasaponin, the concentration increases by 1.0X10% -3 mg·L -1 Left and right; the inhibiting effect of semen Ginkgo extract is increased by 20%, and the concentration is the same as that of the extractAn increase of 0.20X10 -3 mg·L -1 About, the side surface shows that the antibacterial effect of the ginkgo extract is better than that of the sasanquasaponin.
The growth condition of the black fungus hyphae of rice also reflects the inhibition effect of the sasanquasaponin and the ginkgo extract (figure 1), the hyphae of the control group (F and L) are full and crystal, the internal structure is full and continuous, the whole shows a healthy growth state, the hyphae of the other groups (A-E, G-K) are obviously changed after being treated by two bactericides, the hyphae are seriously wrinkled and shrunken, and obvious fault phenomenon appears in the interior of the hyphae. The specific killing mechanism of the two are still to be further studied.
The results of toxicity measurement of a single dose against Nigrospora oryzae are shown in Table 2. EC of sasanquasaponin 50 6.3X10 -3 mg·L -1 EC of ginkgo extract 50 Is 0.87 multiplied by 10 -3 mg·L -1 EC to melanosporidium oryzae 50 Are all smaller than 0.1 mg.L -1 The toxicity effect is ideal. And both EC 50 Both chi-squared values have significance levels greater than 0.150 at the 95% confidence limit, without any heterogeneity factor in the confidence limit, indicating that the values are reliable. With respect to virulence, EC 50 The smaller the value, the greater the toxicity, so the toxicity of the sasanqua saponin is smaller than that of the ginkgo extract, and the toxicity of the sasanqua saponin is about 10 times of that of the ginkgo extract. The gingko extract has far better effect of preventing and treating the black spore fungus of rice than the sasanquasaponin.
TABLE 2 determination of virulence of a single dose against Nigrospora oryzae
Example 2
Screening of synergistic formulations of mixed agents
Screening was performed using the Wadley method. EC according to sasanqua saponin and ginkgo extract 50 Values (Table 2) toMixing the medicines in the proportions of 0:10, 1:9, 2:8, 3:7, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4, 7:3, 8:2, 9:1 and 10:0, repeating each proportion for 3 times, mixing the two single doses according to the corresponding concentration gradient sequence, and determining the antibacterial effect by a colony growth rate method. The blank control was obtained without the drug. After inoculation, the cells are incubated at a constant temperature of 28 ℃. The colony diameter was measured once by the crisscross method every 24 hours until the colony diameter of the blank control reached 2/3 of the culture dish, and the average value was taken and the antibacterial rate was calculated. From the predicted and actual values of the blend ratio, the ratio of Toxicity (TR) is calculated: tr=ec 50 Theoretical value/EC 50 Actual value x 100.
The interaction of the two is synergistic when TR is significantly >1, antagonistic when TR is significantly <1, and additive when tr=1. The results are shown in tables 3 and 4.
TABLE 3 inhibition of melanosporum oryzae by Mixed pharmaceutical Agents
Note that: bacteriostatic = mean ± standard deviation (n = 3).
As can be seen from the standard deviation of Table 3, the standard deviation of the single sasanqua saponin, the single ginkgo biloba extract and the mixed agent is mostly less than 0.1, which indicates that the experimental data has good stability and reliable data result.
TABLE 4 synergistic effects of pharmaceutical combinations on Nigrospora oryzae
From the antifungal index of table 4, except 3:7, the observed value is highest and higher than the predicted value, the other predicted values are basically higher than the observed value, and the antagonism to different degrees and the toxicity ratio are all<1. Actual mixing in 3:7 ratioThe inhibition rate is 88.07%, and the toxicity rate is 2.84. Therefore, the optimal proportion of the drug mixture is EC 50 Dosage of sasanquasaponin: ginkgo extract = 3:7.
Optimal proportioning of sasanquasaponin is determined according to TR significant value: ginkgo biloba extract=3:7, diluted in this ratio, gives a concentration gradient of 1.956 ×10 of 3 -3 、1.413×10 -3 、0.87×10 -3 mg·L -1 Mixing the medicines, preparing 12 PDA plates, culturing bacterial cakes, culturing in a constant temperature incubator at 28 ℃ for 3 days, measuring the diameters of bacterial colonies once, and taking the average value. Drawing a toxicity regression equation, and solving EC by using the mixture toxicity regression equation Y=aX+b and r values 50 (A+B). Co-toxicity coefficients (CTCs) can then be determined. The results are shown in Table 5.
CTC=[(EC 50 A/EC 50 (A+B)]/[(EC 50 A/EC 50 A)×Pa+(EC 50 A/EC 50 B)×Pb]×100。
Wherein A, B respectively represents 2 medicament components of the sasanqua saponin and the ginkgo extract, and a and b are the ratio of the sasanqua saponin to the ginkgo extract 2 component in the mixture. When CTC is >100, the interaction of the two has a synergistic effect; CTCs were antagonism at significantly < 100; when CTC is about 100, the interactions are additive.
TABLE 5 toxicity determination of pharmaceutical mixture against Nigrospora oryzae
Table 5 shows that the combination of sasanqua saponin and ginkgo extract has synergistic inhibition effect on Nigrospora oryzae.
The independent actions of the sasanquasaponin and the ginkgo extract and microorganisms are reported, but no report of inhibiting the black spore fungus of rice exists. And the action mode and action mechanism of mixed sterilization of the sasanqua saponin and the ginkgo extract are still to be further researched.
From the above examples, it is known that the single preparation of the sasanquasaponin and the ginkgo extract of the present invention has a significant inhibitory effect on the black spore fungus of rice, which is equivalent to the effect of some commercial pesticides currently on the market, so that both have the potential of controlling plant diseases caused by the black spore fungus of rice. And both are more advantageous in terms of environmental friendliness as plant extracts. The invention also screens the proportion of the sasanqua saponin and the ginkgo extract with synergistic effect, thereby improving the sterilization effect, improving the environmental friendliness and providing a new medicament formula for preventing and controlling the black spore fungus.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The application of sasanquasaponin and/or ginkgo extract as a bactericide for inhibiting black spore fungus of rice is characterized in that the ginkgo extract is purchased from Shanghai microphone Biochemical technology Co., ltd., CAS number: 90045-36-6, MDL number: MFCD00240717, product number: G832683-100G, specification: the main components of the purification method are as follows: ginkgetin and ginkgolide.
2. The use according to claim 1, wherein when said bactericide comprises sasanquasaponin alone, said sasanquasaponin has a bactericidal concentration of (6.3-10.5) x 10 -3 mg·L -1
3. The use according to claim 1, wherein the bactericidal concentration of ginkgo extract is (0.87-1.3) x 10 when ginkgo extract is solely included in the bactericidal agent -3 mg·L -1
4. The use of claim 1, wherein when the bactericide comprises both sasanqua saponin and ginkgo biloba extract, the volume ratio of sasanqua saponin to ginkgo biloba extract is 2.8-3.2: 3.8-7.2.
5. The use according to claim 4, wherein saidThe concentration of the sasanquasaponin is (6.3-10.5) multiplied by 10 -3 mg·L -1 The concentration of the ginkgo extract is (0.87-1.3) multiplied by 10 -3 mg·L -1
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油茶粕中茶皂素纯化方法与抗菌活性研究;魏婷婷;崔晓芳;文旭;王丽;;中国油料作物学报(第06期);616-621 *
简析银杏研究的相关进展;罗小芳;覃佐东;袁琦韵;许丽;王蓉;何福林;;科技通报(第08期);36-45 *
银杏外种皮中银杏酸对真菌的抑制作用;沈凤俊;王璐;郭舒航;李静;赵雪萌;叶淑红;;大连工业大学学报(第04期);241-244 *

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