CN115474608B - Composition for controlling Wuta-tsai diseases and application thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a biological agent composition for controlling Wuta-tsai disease and a control method for controlling Wuta-tsai downy mildew disease, wherein active ingredients in the composition consist of isoliquiritigenin and carvacrol, and the mass ratio of the isoliquiritigenin to the carvacrol is 0.5-10:0.5-5; the biological agent composition provided by the invention has remarkable synergism, and can improve the control effect of the agent on downy mildew and slow down the generation of drug resistance of diseases.

Description

Composition for controlling Wuta-tsai diseases and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a composition for controlling Wuta-tsai diseases and application thereof.

Background

The Wuta-tsai is a variety of brassica non-heading cabbage subspecies of cruciferous, 2-year-old herbaceous plants taking dark green or yellow leaves as product organs are widely cultivated in Yangtze river basin in China as original products. The Wuta-tsai has rich nutrition, and the edible part is rich in Vc, carotene, soluble sugar, soluble protein, ca, K, mn, fe, zn and other nutritional ingredients. The Wuta-tsai is a special vegetable in the river basin of Jianghuai, and related researches on the Wuta-tsai are less at present, and mainly comprise a summary of some cultivation experience. Due to lack of standard cultivation technology, diseases and insect pests are easy to occur in the production of the Wuta-tsai, and some vegetable farmers blindly take medicines, so that the traditional Chinese medicine residues of the products exceed standards, and the quality of the Wuta-tsai is seriously influenced.

The downy mildew of Wuta-tsai is also called frost leaf disease or branch disease, and mainly damages the leaves. The method is characterized in that light green spots are generated on the front surface of the leaf, the leaf is gradually enlarged, the color is changed from green to yellow brown, the leaf is polygonal or irregular due to the limitation of veins, water immersed light brown spots are arranged on the back surface, the white downy mildew spots become brown in the later period of humidity, the disease state rapidly develops when the air is humid, the number of the spots rapidly increases, the back surface of the leaf is covered with white mildew, and the leaf is yellow brown and dry when the leaf is serious. Pathogenic fungi overwintere in the disease residue or soil or attach to seeds, invade through the stomata of leaves, and if the seeds are carried with bacteria, the disease is directly generated and transmitted by wind and rain, seedling raising and the like. The disease is most likely to occur when the temperature is 16-24 ℃ and the relative humidity is 70-80%.

The control of the Wuta-tsai downy mildew at present comprises agricultural control and medicament formula control. Rotation is mainly carried out in agricultural control; selecting disease-resistant varieties; sterilizing the seeds; deep ridge culture is carried out, field management is enhanced, and high humidity and root injury are prevented. The preparation is mainly prepared from chlorothalonil, fosetyl-aluminum, mancozeb, thiram, captan and the like, and has good effect when sprayed before or at the initial stage of the disease.

The harm caused by chemical pesticides causes: the pesticide residue of vegetables exceeds the standard, which causes poisoning of people and livestock; increased pest resistance, rapid decrease in natural enemies, and the like. Along with the development of social economy and the improvement of living standard, the health consciousness of people is continuously enhanced, the requirements on vegetables are not only limited to beautiful appearance and rich nutrition, but also have the characteristics of safety, health, no toxicity, no pollution, no public hazard and the like, so that the use of green pesticides for preventing and treating diseases and insects is an important link for constructing a vegetable safety protection system. The development and research of green pesticides are enhanced, so that the current situation that chemical pesticide control is mainly changed thoroughly, and pollution-free production of vegetables is realized. The known green pesticides comprise biological pesticides, plant pesticides, compound pesticides and the like, the materials of the pesticides are environment-friendly, the environment is not polluted, and the disease is not easy to generate resistance.

The isoliquiritigenin is a bactericidal component extracted from amorpha fruticosa seeds, has good control effect on downy mildew of crops (Jiao Jiao, extraction, separation and identification of bactericidal active components of the amorpha fruticosa seeds; CN 201110397160). Carvacrol is a common medicament for preventing and treating crop diseases, and has excellent preventing and treating effect on downy mildew. There is no report in the prior art on the combined use of isoliquiritigenin and carvacrol for controlling the downy mildew of Wuta-tsai.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a biological agent composition for controlling Wuta-tsai disease comprises active ingredients of isoliquiritigenin and carvacrol, wherein the mass ratio of the isoliquiritigenin to the carvacrol is 0.5-10:0.5-5. Preferably, the mass ratio of the isoliquiritigenin to the carvacrol is 1-3:0.5-2.5 or 6:1.5-2.5.

The biological agent composition also comprises agricultural auxiliary ingredients. The preparation of the composition can be wettable powder, water dispersible granules, soluble liquid and dispersible oil suspending agent.

The invention provides a control method for downy mildew diseases of Wuta-tsai, which comprises the following steps:

(1) Land management: applying microbial fertilizer to improve soil fertility;

(2) Agricultural control: selecting a disease-resistant variety suitable for local cultivation; the field management is well done, the fields Bian Zacao and other cruciferous infected vegetable stubbles are timely removed, the primary infection sources are reduced, and the virus spread and epidemic are avoided;

(3) Adjusting vegetable planting layout, and performing rotation without planting cruciferous vegetables before and after 2 years to prevent disease spread;

(4) Biological agent control: spraying a compound preparation of isoliquiritigenin and carvacrol before or at the beginning of the attack; wherein the application amount of the isoliquiritigenin and the carvacrol is respectively 1-6 g/mu and 0.5-2.5 g/mu. The preferable application amount of the isoliquiritigenin and the carvacrol is 1-3 g/mu and 0.5-2.5 g/mu respectively.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

when the mass ratio of the isoliquiritigenin to the carvacrol is 1-3: the composition has remarkable synergistic effect on the downy mildew of Wuta-tsai when the ratio of the composition to the downy mildew is 0.5-2.5 and the ratio of the composition to the downy mildew is 6:1.5-2.5, and can improve the control effect of the medicament on the downy mildew and slow down the generation of disease resistance.

The invention adopts biological agent, which is nontoxic, pollution-free and nuisanceless.

Detailed Description

The invention is further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments.

Example 1: test of prevention effect of compound medicament on downy mildew of Wuta-tsai

Testing crops and diseases: downy mildew of Wuta-tsai

And (3) test design: the test uses a random block design. The test set up the agent treatment and the blank treatment (see table 1), each treatment was repeated 4 times, and the cell area was 50m2. And when the cabbage is in an initial stage of disease (first-occurrence disease spots), spraying and applying the medicine by adopting a backpack type manual sprayer, uniformly spraying, performing a field efficacy test, and spraying and applying the medicine according to the treatment requirement, wherein the total application time is 2, and the interval is 7 days.

Investigation method and data processing: sampling by a diagonal 5-point sampling method in each cell; and (5) taking 25 Wuta-tsai plants from each district for investigation, investigating disease severity, and calculating corresponding disease index and control effect according to disease grading standards.

Disease grading standard:

level 0: all without disease;

stage 1: the area of the disease spots accounts for less than 5% of the whole leaf area;

3 stages: the area of the disease spots accounts for less than 6% -10% of the whole leaf area;

5 stages: the area of the disease spots accounts for 11% -20% of the whole leaf area;

7 stages: the area of the disease spots accounts for 21% -50% of the whole leaf area;

stage 9: the area of the disease spots accounts for more than 51% of the whole leaf area.

Wherein: CK is the index of disease after administration in the placebo area; PT is the index of the condition after administration in the treatment area. Statistical analysis was performed using Excel and DPS data statistics software. And evaluating the combined effect of the agents using the colby method.

Results and analysis: as shown in Table 1, the isoliquiritigenin and carvacrol can be used for preventing and controlling the black-bone mustard downy mildew, and the prevention effect on the black-bone mustard downy mildew is 32.2-60.4% when the dosage of the isoliquiritigenin is 1-6 g/mu; when the consumption of carvacrol is 0.5-2.5 g/mu, the control effect on the downy mildew of Wuta-tsai is 28.4-52.8%.

When the combination of the isoliquiritigenin and the carvacrol is used, the control effect of the medicament on the black-bone mustard downy mildew can be obviously improved, and when the mass ratio of the isoliquiritigenin to the carvacrol is 1-3: the composition has remarkable synergy on the downy mildew of the Wuta-tsai when the ratio of the composition to the Wuta-tsai is 0.5-2.5 and the ratio of the composition to the Wuta-tsai is 6:1.5-2.5. The dosage of the active ingredient can be significantly reduced when the composition exhibits a synergistic effect.

Table 1 test of efficacy of the compounded formulations against downy mildew of wuta-tsai

Example 2 pesticide formulation

The preparation 1 4% wettable powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

2% of isoliquiritigenin, 2% of carvacrol, 2% of sodium lignin sulfonate, 3% of nekal, 2% of white carbon black and 100% of kaolin.

The preparation 2 6% wettable powder comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

5% of isoliquiritigenin, 1% of carvacrol, 3% of sodium lignin sulfonate, 1% of nekal, 3% of white carbon black and 100% of kaolin.

The 3 5% water dispersible granule comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

3% of isogray leaf extract, 2% of carvacrol, 2% of sodium lignin sulfonate, 1% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 2% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 2% of urea, 2% of white carbon black and 100% of bentonite.

The 4 3% water dispersible granule comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

2% of isogray leaf extract, 1% of carvacrol, 1% of sodium lignin sulfonate, 1% of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 2% of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 1% of urea, 3% of white carbon black and 100% of bentonite.

Example 3: a control method for the downy mildew disease of Wuta-tsai comprises the following steps:

(1) Land management: applying microbial fertilizer to improve soil fertility;

(2) Agricultural control: selecting a disease-resistant variety suitable for local cultivation; the field management is well done, the fields Bian Zacao and other cruciferous infected vegetable stubbles are timely removed, the primary infection sources are reduced, and the virus spread and epidemic are avoided;

(3) Adjusting vegetable planting layout, and performing rotation without planting cruciferous vegetables before and after 2 years to prevent disease spread;

(4) Biological agent control: spraying a compound preparation of isoliquiritigenin and carvacrol before or at the beginning of the attack; wherein the application amount of the isoliquiritigenin and the carvacrol is respectively 1-6 g/mu and 0.5-2.5 g/mu.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same.

Claims (4)

1. The biological agent composition for controlling the wuta-tsai disease is characterized in that the active ingredients consist of isoliquiritigenin and carvacrol, and the mass ratio of the isoliquiritigenin to the carvacrol is 1-3:0.5-2.5 or 6:1.5-2.5.

2. The biopharmaceutical composition of claim 1, further comprising an agriculturally acceptable adjuvant ingredient.

3. The biopharmaceutical composition according to claim 2, wherein the formulation of the composition is a wettable powder, water dispersible granules, a soluble liquid, a dispersible oil suspension.

4. A method for preventing and controlling downy mildew disease of Wuta-tsai is characterized in that,

(1) Land management: applying microbial fertilizer to improve soil fertility;

(2) Agricultural control: selecting a disease-resistant variety suitable for local cultivation; the field management is well done, the fields Bian Zacao and other cruciferous infected vegetable stubbles are timely removed, the primary infection sources are reduced, and the virus spread and epidemic are avoided;

(3) Adjusting vegetable planting layout, and performing rotation without planting cruciferous vegetables before and after 2 years to prevent disease spread;

(4) Biological agent control: spraying the biopharmaceutical composition of claim 1 before or during the initial period of the onset of the disease;

wherein the application amount of the isoliquiritigenin and the carvacrol is respectively 1-3 g/mu and 0.5-2.5 g/mu.