CN115463136B - 一种夫西地酸或其药学上可接受的盐在制备慢性肾脏病肾间质纤维化防治药物中的应用 - Google Patents
一种夫西地酸或其药学上可接受的盐在制备慢性肾脏病肾间质纤维化防治药物中的应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种夫西地酸或其药学上可接受的盐在慢性肾脏病防治药物中的应用,所述夫西地酸或其药学上可接受的盐能够减轻慢性肾脏病的肾脏病理改变;降低其肾组织纤维化相关指标的表达水平,逆转肾小管上皮细胞向肌成纤维细胞的转分化,抑制间质成纤维细胞活化,从而改善慢性肾脏病;用于制备各种原因引起的慢性肾脏病的防治药物;所述夫西地酸或其药学上可接受的盐用于制备抑制肾小管上皮细胞转分化的药物,还用于制备抑制肾间质成纤维细胞活化的药物。本发明首次提出并证实了夫西地酸或其药学上可接受的盐能够减轻慢性肾脏病的肾脏病理改变,将其应用于药物中可以起到改善慢性肾脏病的作用,具有良好的开发应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医药领域,具体涉及夫西地酸(fusidicacid,FA)或其药学上可接受的盐在慢性肾脏病中的保护作用,具体涉及一种夫西地酸或其药学上可接受的盐在慢性肾脏病防治药物中的应用。
背景技术
慢性肾脏病(Chronickidneydisease,CKD)是目前世界性的公共健康问题,根据不同地区的流行病学调查结果,发病率在8%-16%之间。在我国,约有1.2亿人患有CKD,且发病率呈现上升趋势。慢性肾脏病早期症状不明显,患者认知度低,若未经及时诊治,可进展为终末期肾病(End-stagerenaldisease,ESRD),需要肾替代治疗。ESRD预后差,花费高,因此CKD的早期诊治是改善预后的关键方法。研究证明,肾小管间质纤维化程度是影响CKD预后的重要指标,在组织学上能更好的预测CKD进展。
肾小管间质纤维化是一个非常复杂的动态过程,其中肾小管上皮细胞损伤和间质成纤维细胞的活化是肾小管间质纤维化的主要原因。肾小管上皮细胞作为最易发生功能和结构损伤的肾脏固有细胞,在不良的修复过程中发生转分化,分泌大量促纤维化因子及转化生长因子等,促进了如Ⅰ型和Ⅲ型胶原蛋白(CollagenI,III)、纤维连接蛋白(Fibronectin, FN)等细胞外基质蛋白的异常合成。成纤维细胞位于毛细血管与小管上皮细胞所形成的间质中,其病理性地大量增殖活化后获得了α平滑肌肌动蛋白(alphasmoothmuscleactin,α-SMA)阳性的肌成纤维细胞表型,进而生成大量的细胞外基质蛋白。因此肾小管上皮细胞转分化和肾间质成纤维细胞异常活化是肾间质纤维化的主要病理过程。
夫西地酸(Fusidicacid,FA)是一种四环三萜类化合物,又名梭链孢酸,最早于1960 年从梭链孢菌中提取出来。FA主要应用于系统的或局部的葡萄球菌感染,在国内外临床上已应用近60年。其机理是通过结合细菌的延长因子G,干扰细菌的蛋白翻译过程。近年,FA还被报道具有抗真菌、抗病毒和抗肿瘤活性,表现出其较好的临床应用潜能。然而,目前尚无夫西地酸或其药学上可接受的盐用于肾脏疾病治疗的任何报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种夫西地酸或其药学上可接受的盐在慢性肾脏病防治药物中的应用,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用了如下技术方案:
夫西地酸通过抑制肾小管上皮细胞转分化及肾间质成纤维细胞的活化来减轻慢性肾脏病的肾脏纤维化。
一种夫西地酸或其药学上可接受的盐在慢性肾脏病防治药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述夫西地酸其药学上可接受的盐能够减轻慢性肾脏病的肾脏病理改变;降低其肾组织纤维化相关指标的表达水平,逆转肾小管上皮细胞向肌成纤维细胞的转分化,抑制间质成纤维细胞活化,从而起到改善慢性肾脏病的作用;
所述夫西地酸其药学上可接受的盐用于制备各种原因引起的慢性肾脏病的防治药物;
具体的,所述夫西地酸其药学上可接受的盐用于制备抑制肾小管上皮细胞转分化的药物,还用于制备抑制肾间质成纤维细胞活化的药物。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:
本发明首次提出并证实了夫西地酸其药学上可接受的盐能够减轻慢性肾脏病的肾脏病理改变;可以降低其肾组织纤维化相关指标的表达水平,逆转肾小管上皮细胞向肌成纤维细胞的转分化,抑制间质成纤维细胞活化,将夫西地酸或其药学上可接受的盐应用于药物中可以起到改善慢性肾脏病的作用,克服了对夫西地酸的技术偏见,具有良好的开发应用前景。
附图说明
图1为本发明检测治疗剂量的夫西地酸在对正常小鼠肾功能无毒副作用的结果示意图;
图2为本发明检测治疗剂量的夫西地酸改善小鼠UUO模型的肾脏病理的损伤程度的结果示意图;
图3为本发明检测治疗剂量的夫西地酸改善小鼠UUO模型的肾脏组织中纤维化指标的蛋白表达水平的结果示意图;
图4为本发明检测治疗剂量的夫西地酸改善小鼠UUO模型的肾脏组织中纤维化指标的mRNA水平的结果示意图;
图5为本发明检测在体外培养小鼠肾小管上皮细胞中,夫西地酸剂量依赖性地抑制了 TGF-β1诱导的肾小管上皮细胞的转分化和细胞外基质生成的结果示意图;
图6为本发明检测在体外培养的大鼠成纤维细胞中,夫西地酸剂量依赖性地抑制了 TGF-β1诱导的肾间质成纤维细胞的活化和基质生成的结果示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明的附图,对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例,基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明的保护范围。
(1)小鼠饲养
本实施例使用的C57BL/6雄性小鼠(购买时7周龄,体重20-23g)购自江苏集萃药康生物科技股份有限公司,饲养于南京医科大学实验动物中心SPF级屏障环境中,动物自由进食,维持12小时光照和12小时黑暗的昼夜节律。实验室温度:20-25℃,湿度50±5%。小鼠在适应性饲养1周后进行实验。
(3)夫西地酸(16mg/kg/d)的对正常小鼠肾功能的影响:
夫西地酸(Fusidicacid,FA)购自MCE公司,给药时采用的溶媒为无菌生理盐水,剂量为16mg/kg/d,给药方式为腹腔注射。为探讨FA对小鼠是否存在肾脏毒性,我们将小鼠随机分为溶剂组(Vehicle)和FA组,每组小鼠数量均为7只。FA组给予16mg/kg/d 的FA连续处理17天,Vehicle组给予相同体积的无菌生理盐水。
(2)单侧输尿管梗阻性(unilateralureteralobstruction,UUO)模型建立与药物处理:
UUO模型是目前应用最为广泛的研究慢性肾脏病肾间质纤维化的实验动物模型。通过结扎单侧输尿管引起梗阻侧肾脏引流系统的阻塞,诱导慢性肾脏结构的损害,模拟临床上的肾间质纤维化。
将小鼠适应性饲养1周后随机分为Sham组,Sham+FA组,UUO组,UUO+FA治疗组,每组小鼠数量均为6-8只。小鼠仰卧位胶布固定四肢于相对无菌操作台,吸入性异氟烷麻醉后,沿腹中线剪开约1cm纵行切口,依次打开皮层、肌层,进入腹腔,钝性分离左侧输尿管,模型组(UUO组)和UUO+FA治疗组均结扎输尿管,假手术(Sham)组和 Sham+FA组无需结扎输尿管,然后逐层关闭腹腔。在UUO手术前10天及手术前2h给予 UUO+FA治疗组和Sham+FA组每天夫西地酸(FA,16mg/kg)腹腔注射1次,UUO术后每天定时给药1次,Sham组和UUO组以同样时间和频率注射无菌生理盐水。所有小鼠均于UUO造模7天后处死。
(4)小鼠肾小管上皮细胞mPTC与大鼠肾间质成纤维细胞NRK-49F细胞培养与给药
小鼠肾小管上皮细胞(mPTC)及大鼠成纤维细胞(NRK-49F)分别培养于含10%FBS的DEME/F12培养基和DEME培养液基中,置于37℃、5%CO2的细胞培养箱内培育。细胞传代并接种于6孔板(细胞密度60~70%),给予FA(1,5,10μM)预处理2h后, mPTC给予10ng/mL的TGF-β1与相应浓度的FA继续培养24h,NRK-49F给予5ng/mL 的TGF-β1与相应浓度的FA继续培养24h。
(5)Masson染色
参照Masson三色染色液试剂盒(Servicebio公司)说明书操作,步骤如下:石蜡切片脱蜡至水;切片浸入A液中浸泡过夜;于65℃烤箱中加热30min,同时将D液和F液放于65℃烤箱内预热;自来水洗1min;B液和C液等量混合,浸染切片1min,流水稍洗; 1%盐酸酒精分化30s;流水稍洗,D液浸染8min;将多余水分沥干,E液浸染1min;不水洗,沥干多余E液,直接加入F液染色30s;1%冰醋酸分化3次,每次约8s;无水乙醇、二甲苯脱水透明;中性树脂封片,风干过夜。
(6)免疫印迹(Westernblot)
蛋白裂解液(含蛋白酶抑制剂)提取细胞和组织蛋白,用BCA试剂盒测定蛋白浓度,将吸取的上清按比例加入5×上样缓冲液,混匀后100℃金属浴煮沸10min。每个样本上样量为30μg,使用10%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶进行电泳。80V,恒压电泳0.5h,之后120V恒压电泳1h至溴酚蓝指示剂至分离胶底部;使用恒流300mA,1.5h将分离后的蛋白转至 PVDF膜上。PVDF膜于5%脱脂奶粉/TBST中室温封闭1h后孵育一抗(4℃摇床过夜),一抗alphasmoothmuscleactin(α-SMA)(ProteinTech,货号14395-1-AP)、vimentin(Abcam,货号ab92547)、fibronectin(FN)(Abcam,货号ab2413),collagenIII(Bioss,货号 bs-0549R)均1:1000稀释于TBST中;再孵育二抗(室温摇床孵育1h),二抗购自碧云天生物技术有限公司,1:2000稀释于TBST中。孵育完成后,滴加ECL化学发光液并置于凝胶成像系统显影,采用ChemiDocXRS+对显影所得条带进行灰度值定量。
(7)实时荧光定量PCR(QuantitativeReal-timePCR,RT-PCR)
采用Takara公司RNAiso试剂按照说明书提取样本中的RNA后,利用Vazyme公司逆转录试剂盒将RNA逆转录为cDNA,并采用SYBRgreenPCRmix结合相应引物进行 RT-PCR检测。
下面结合具体实施例详细阐述本发明:
实施例1
证明治疗剂量的夫西地酸(16mg/kg)对小鼠肾脏无毒副作用:
小鼠随机分为Vehicle组、FA组,FA组小鼠给药剂量为16mg/kg/d,给药方式为腹腔注射,Vehicle组注射相同体积的生理盐水。每天定时给药1次,持续给药17天后处死小鼠并收集全血样本于EDTA抗凝管中,室温离心机4000rpm,15min,移取血清样本,测定肾功能标志物尿素氮(bloodureanitrogen,BUN)水平。
实验结果如下:
结果表明夫西地酸(FA,16mg/kg/d)连续腹腔注射17天,对小鼠肾功能标志物血清尿素氮(BUN)浓度无影响,如图1所示,这说明该给药方案下夫西地酸对肾脏无毒副作用。
实施例2
治疗剂量的夫西地酸(16mg/kg)改善小鼠UUO模型的肾脏病理的损伤:
Sham组、Sham+FA组、UUO组和UUO+FA组小鼠造模与给药方法详见上述描述。
于末次给药结束后处死小鼠,取Sham组、Sham+FA组左侧肾组织,以及UUO组和 UUO+FA组患侧肾组织,4%多聚甲醛室温固定组织24h,脱水,石蜡包埋切片,进行Masson 染色。
实验结果如下:
Masson染色后,肾脏组织胶原纤维呈蓝色,而肌纤维呈红色。
光镜下可见UUO小鼠与Sham组相比其肾小管间质出现明显的胶原沉积,颜色为蓝色, UUO+FA组小鼠肾小管间质胶原沉积较UUO组明显减轻,如图2A所示。
定量结果显示,UUO+FA组肾脏纤维化面积较UUO组显著降低(p<0.01),如图2B 所示。
实施例3
治疗剂量的夫西地酸(16mg/kg)可显著降低UUO小鼠肾脏组织中纤维化指标的蛋白表达水平:
Sham组、Sham+FA组、UUO组和UUO+FA组造模与给药方法详见上述描述,末次给药结束后处死小鼠,取Sham组、Sham+FA组左侧肾组织,以及UUO组和UUO+FA组患侧肾组织,各组别取适量肾组织,加裂解液提组织总蛋白,取30μg上样,Westernblot 法检测各组纤维化指标α-SMA、Vimentin和FN的蛋白表达水平。
实验结果:
与Sham组相比,UUO小鼠的肾组织中,α-SMA、Vimentin及FN的蛋白表达均明显升高,其差异有统计学意义,表明纤维化程度较重;而夫西地酸(FA,16mg/kg)可降低纤维化相关指标的高表达,除α-SMA以外,其余蛋白灰度值差异均有统计学意义,如图3 所示。
实施例4
治疗剂量的夫西地酸(16mg/kg)改善UUO小鼠肾脏组织中纤维化指标的mRNA水平:
Sham组、Sham+FA组、UUO组和UUO+FA组小鼠造模与给药方法详见上述描述。末次给药后处死小鼠,取Sham组左侧肾组织,以及UUO组和给药组患侧肾组织。加1mL Trizol提取组织总RNA,逆转录为cDNA,采用RT-PCR法分别检测各组纤维化指标α-SMA、 Vimentin及FN的mRNA水平。
实验结果:
与Sham组相比,UUO小鼠的肾组织中纤维化指标α-SMA、Vimentin、FN的mRNA 水平均显著升高(p<0.001),而夫西地酸(16mg/kg)可显著降低以上各纤维化指标的高表达,其差异有统计学意义,如图4所示。该结果与实施例2、例3结果相互印证,共同证明在小鼠UUO模型中,夫西地酸(FA,16mg/kg)可显著改善肾间质纤维化水平。
实施例5
夫西地酸抑制TGF-β1诱导的肾小管上皮细胞(mPTC)的转分化:
为研究夫西地酸(FA)对肾小管上皮细胞转分化的影响,实验采用转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)在体外诱导mPTC细胞。TGF-β1是重要的促纤维化因子,其作用于mPTC细胞可以在体外模拟CKD过程中的肾小管上皮细胞的转分化过程。将mPTC在无血清培养基中加入终浓度分别为5μM、10μM和20μM的FA预处理2h,然后加入终浓度为10ng/mL 的TGF-β1,24h后收集细胞提取总蛋白,Westernblot法检测肾小管上皮细胞转分化指标波形蛋白(vimentin)及细胞外基质(FN、collagenIII)的蛋白表达水平。
实验结果:
在TGF-β1诱导下,mPTC发生转分化,表现为转分化指标vimentin、及基质成份FN、collagenIII的蛋白表达水平明显升高,而夫西地酸(FA)可剂量依赖性地改善以上蛋白的高表达,表现出较好的抗肾小管上皮细胞转分化作用,如图5所示。
实施例6
夫西地酸抑制TGF-β1诱导的肾间质成纤维细胞(NRK-49F)的活化:
为研究夫西地酸对肾间质成纤维细胞活化与基质生成的影响,本实验采用转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)在体外诱导大鼠肾间质成纤维细胞系NRK-49F。TGF-β1是重要的促纤维化因子,其作用于NRK-49F可以在体外模拟CKD过程中的肾间质成纤维细胞的活化过程。将NRK-49F在无血清培养基中加入终浓度分别为5μM、10μM和20μM的夫西地酸(FA) 预处理2h,然后加入终浓度为5ng/mL的TGF-β1,24h后收集细胞提取总蛋白,Western blot法检测肾间质成纤维细胞活化指标(α-SMA、vimentin)和基质成份FN的蛋白表达水平。
实验结果:
在肾间质纤维化的过程中,成纤维细胞可活化(表现为α-SMA、vimentin表达升高),并产生大量细胞外基质,如FN、CollagenI、CollagenIII等,直接导致肾间质纤维化。
实验结果表明TGF-β1诱导下NRK-49F活化,表现为α-SMA、vimentin表达升高,基质生成增加(表现为FN蛋白表达水平明显升高);而夫西地酸(FA)可剂量依赖性地抑制TGF-β1诱导的以上指标蛋白的表达增加,如图6所示。说明夫西地酸显著抑制了TGF-β1 诱导的肾间质成纤维细胞活化。
实施例7
作为一种可能的实施方式,所述夫西地酸在药学上可接受的盐,具体可采用:夫西地酸钠、夫西地酸铵等。
使用上述盐进行如实施例1-6的实验,结果证明:其以肾脏炎症及纤维化、肾小管上皮细胞转分化和肾间质成纤维细胞活化的改善作用等同于夫西地酸。
图1显示了治疗剂量的夫西地酸(FA,16mg/kg)在对正常小鼠肾功能无毒副作用。具体表现为,夫西地酸治疗剂量不影响小鼠肾功能标志物血清尿素氮(BUN)水平。
图2显示了治疗剂量的夫西地酸(FA,16mg/kg)改善小鼠UUO模型的肾脏病理的损伤程度,改善肾间质纤维化。
图3显示了治疗剂量的夫西地酸(FA,16mg/kg)改善小鼠UUO模型的肾脏组织中纤维化指标(α-SMA、Vimentin和FN)的蛋白表达水平。
图4显示了治疗剂量的夫西地酸(FA,16mg/kg)改善小鼠UUO模型的肾脏组织中纤维化指标(α-SMA、Vimentin和FN)的mRNA水平。
图5显示了在体外培养小鼠肾小管上皮细胞(mPTC)中,夫西地酸(FA)剂量依赖性地抑制了TGF-β1诱导的肾小管上皮细胞的转分化(Vimentin)和细胞外基质生成(FN、CollagenIII)。
图6显示了在体外培养的大鼠成纤维细胞(NRK-49F)中,夫西地酸(FA)剂量依赖性地抑制了TGF-β1诱导的肾间质成纤维细胞的活化(α-SMA、Vimentin)和基质生成(FN)。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的仅为发明的优选例,并不用来限制本发明,在不脱离本发明新型精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (1)
1.一种夫西地酸或其药学上可接受的盐在制备慢性肾脏病肾间质纤维化防治药物中的应用,其特征在于,所述夫西地酸或其药学上可接受的盐能够减轻慢性肾脏病的肾间质纤维化;抑制肾小管上皮细胞转分化;抑制肾间质成纤维细胞活化,其中夫西地酸的分子式为C31H48O6,化学式为:
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