CN115462530A - Chestnut kernel extract, extraction method thereof and application thereof in antioxidant products - Google Patents
Chestnut kernel extract, extraction method thereof and application thereof in antioxidant products Download PDFInfo
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- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
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- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of extraction of active ingredients of Chinese chestnuts, and discloses a Chinese chestnut kernel extract, an extraction method thereof and application of the Chinese chestnut kernel extract in an antioxidant product. The disclosed Chinese chestnut kernel extract mainly comprises Chinese chestnut oligosaccharide and Chinese chestnut oligopeptide, wherein the Chinese chestnut oligosaccharide and the Chinese chestnut oligopeptide are extracted from Chinese chestnut kernels of Yanshan short-branch Chinese chestnuts. The disclosed extraction method of chestnut kernel extract comprises the following steps: extracting semen Castaneae with water, and collecting oligosaccharide and oligopeptide in the water extractive solution. The chestnut kernel extract or the chestnut kernel extract obtained by the extraction method is applied to antioxidant nourishment, health care products, skin care products and medicines. The disclosed skin care product comprises the chestnut kernel extract, and the concentration of the chestnut kernel extract in the skin care product is 2-10 mg/mL. The chestnut kernel extract provided by the application has remarkable antioxidant activity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of extraction of active ingredients of Chinese chestnuts, in particular to a Chinese chestnut kernel extract, an extraction method thereof and application thereof in an antioxidant product.
Background
With the development of society, the living standard of people is continuously improved, and the pace of life is faster and faster, so that people are more and more in a sub-health state, and consumers pay more attention to the maintenance and conditioning of body health than ever before. As a gift in the nature, some functional components in natural products have various physiological functions, and are receiving more and more attention. The existing research shows that the functional oligosaccharide and oligopeptide occupy an important position in the field of development and utilization of active ingredients of natural products.
Oligosaccharides, also called oligosaccharides, are small molecular saccharides with low calorie, low sweetness and no toxicity to human body, and have multiple potential physiological functions, so they have gradually become an important functional food base material in the research and development and production of nutritional health food. Unlike dietary fiber, which is another kind of widely available health food base material, only a few plants in nature contain natural functional oligosaccharides, and most of the existing products are obtained by controlled hydrolysis of natural high-glycan or by glycosyl transfer reaction using enzyme, or are prepared by artificial chemical synthesis. Since naturally occurring active substances tend to have lower toxicity, higher stability and better biocompatibility, currently, the separation and screening of functional oligosaccharides from natural animals, plants and microorganisms has been one of the hot spots of research in the field of natural products.
Oligopeptides, also known as small molecule peptides, generally consist of 2 to 10 amino acids. The food-derived natural oligopeptide can be obtained from plant sources such as beans and grains or animal sources such as milk protein, meat protein and eggs, and has the characteristics of small molecular weight, easy absorption, high nutritional value and the like. Compared with synthetic oligopeptides, natural active oligopeptides have higher safety and better absorbability and theoretically better drugability, but the discovery of natural active oligopeptides is very limited, so that the development path of natural oligopeptide drugs is far less extensive than that of other types of drugs. At present, the search for natural active oligopeptides as drugs or lead compounds has become one of the research hotspots in the pharmaceutical field at home and abroad.
Chinese chestnut (Castanea mollissima) is one of the ecological and economic tree species in China, and is called woody grain and iron stalk crop. Chinese chestnut is one of the nuts with high nutritive value and homology of medicine and food, and is recorded in compendium of materia Medica: for deficiency of the kidney, weakness of waist and legs, it can activate kidney and replenish qi, and it can nourish intestines and stomach, and kidney can control stool, and chestnut can control kidney. The Chinese medicine considers that the Chinese chestnut is sweet and warm in nature and taste, has the effects of nourishing the stomach, tonifying the spleen, tonifying the kidney, strengthening the muscles and bones, promoting blood circulation, stopping bleeding and relieving swelling, and is beneficial to preventing and treating hypertension and coronary heart disease. Clinically, the Chinese chestnut can be used for independently treating the symptoms of regurgitation, diarrhea, weak waist and legs, hematemesis, hematochezia, incised wound and the like, and can be added with other traditional Chinese medicines or food raw materials to be prepared into medicinal meals for treating diseases such as tracheitis, kidney deficiency, dyspepsia, diarrhea, apoplexy and the like. At present, related researches on nutritional active ingredients in Chinese chestnut kernels focus on Chinese chestnut starch, protein, polyphenol, dietary fiber, mineral elements, vitamins and the like, and few researches on oligosaccharides and oligopeptides in Chinese chestnut kernels are conducted.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a chestnut kernel extract, an extraction method thereof and application thereof in an antioxidant product.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a chestnut kernel extract, which mainly comprises chestnut oligosaccharide and chestnut oligopeptide, wherein the chestnut oligosaccharide and the chestnut oligopeptide are extracted from chestnut kernels of Yanshan mountain short-branch chestnuts.
In an optional embodiment, the weight average molecular weight of the Chinese chestnut oligosaccharide is 850-1020 Da, and the weight average molecular weight of the Chinese chestnut oligopeptide is 470-680 Da.
In an alternative embodiment, the monosaccharide composition of the chestnut oligosaccharide comprises Ara, rha, gal, glc and Man.
In an alternative embodiment, the amino acid composition of the chestnut oligopeptide is mainly Asp, arg, leu and Glu;
preferably, the mass ratio of the total amount of Asp, arg, leu and Glu after hydrolysis is more than 95%.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for extracting chestnut kernel extract, comprising:
extracting semen Castaneae with water, and collecting oligosaccharide and oligopeptide in the water extractive solution.
In an alternative embodiment, the method of aqueous extraction comprises:
fully soaking Chinese chestnut kernel powder of Yanshan Chinese chestnut with short branches in water, and then performing solid-liquid separation to collect a liquid part to obtain a water extract;
preferably, the impregnation temperature is 60 to 70 ℃;
preferably, the water extraction process is carried out under continuous stirring for 3-4 h;
preferably, the solid-liquid separation mode is solid-liquid centrifugal separation, the centrifugal rotating speed is 7000-8000 rpm, and the time is 10-15 min;
preferably, the solid-liquid ratio in water extraction is 1.
In an alternative embodiment, the method for collecting oligosaccharides and oligopeptides in an aqueous extract comprises:
filtering the water extract to collect the extract between 300 and 3000 Da.
In an alternative embodiment, the filtration method comprises:
filtering the water extract with a 0.1 μm microporous membrane, and collecting the penetrating fluid to obtain a micro-filtrate;
filtering the micro-filtrate by using a 3000Da ultrafiltration membrane, and collecting a penetrating fluid to obtain an ultrafiltrate;
filtering the ultrafiltrate by adopting a nanofiltration membrane of 300Da, and collecting trapped fluid;
preferably, the pressure is 8-12 bar when the filtration is carried out by adopting a 0.1 mu m microporous membrane;
preferably, the pressure is 8-12 bar when filtering by adopting an ultrafiltration membrane of 3000 Da;
preferably, the pressure is 10-14 bar when a nanofiltration membrane of 300Da is adopted for filtration;
preferably, the trapped fluid is obtained and then subjected to concentration under reduced pressure and freeze drying.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides the use of a chestnut kernel extract according to any one of the preceding embodiments or extracted according to the extraction method according to any one of the preceding embodiments in anti-oxidant nutritional, health care, skin care and pharmaceutical products.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a skin care product comprising a chestnut kernel extract according to any one of the preceding embodiments or a chestnut kernel extract obtained by the extraction method according to any one of the preceding embodiments, wherein the concentration of the chestnut kernel extract is 2 to 10mg/mL.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the extract which is extracted from the chestnut kernel of the short-branch chestnut in Yanshan mountain and consists of oligosaccharide and oligopeptide has obvious activity of removing DPPH free radicals, hydroxyl free radicals and ABTS free radicals and has obvious antioxidant activity. Compared with the extracts prepared by taking the Chinese chestnut kernels of other varieties as extraction objects, the extract prepared by taking the Chinese chestnut kernels of the Yanshan mountain short-branch Chinese chestnut has obviously better antioxidant activity; meanwhile, compared with single oligosaccharide or single oligopeptide, the extract containing the oligosaccharide and the oligopeptide has better antioxidant activity, and the oligosaccharide and the oligopeptide in the chestnut kernel of the Yanshan ramosia has synergistic effect on the antioxidant activity.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a gradient elution profile of oligosaccharide-oligopeptide chestnut kernel extract on DEAE Sepharose FF column;
FIG. 2 is HPGPC elution curves of oligosaccharide-oligopeptide chestnut kernel extract, chestnut oligosaccharide and chestnut oligopeptide;
FIG. 3 is an ion chromatogram of chestnut oligosaccharide hydrolyzed with TFA;
FIG. 4 is a statistical graph of the scavenging rate of oligosaccharides, oligopeptides, compositions and control group Vc on DPPH free radicals at different concentrations;
FIG. 5 is a statistical chart of hydroxyl radical clearance rates of oligosaccharides, oligopeptides, compositions and control group Vc at different concentrations;
fig. 6 is a statistical chart of the clearance rate of oligosaccharides, oligopeptides, compositions and control group Vc to ABTS free radicals at different concentrations.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are conventional products which are not indicated by manufacturers and are commercially available.
The chestnut kernel extract, the extraction method thereof and the application in antioxidant products provided by the invention are specifically explained below.
The Chinese chestnut kernel extract provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises Chinese chestnut oligosaccharide and Chinese chestnut oligopeptide, wherein the Chinese chestnut oligosaccharide and the Chinese chestnut oligopeptide are extracted from Chinese chestnut kernels of Yanshan mountain short-branch Chinese chestnuts.
The inventor finds that the extract which is extracted from the chestnut kernel of the Yanshan chestnut with short branches and consists of oligosaccharide and oligopeptide has obvious activity of removing DPPH free radicals, hydroxyl free radicals and ABTS free radicals and has obvious antioxidant activity. Compared with the extracts prepared by taking the Chinese chestnut kernels of other varieties as extraction objects, the extract prepared by taking the Chinese chestnut kernels of the Yanshan mountain short-branch Chinese chestnut has obviously better antioxidant activity; meanwhile, compared with single oligosaccharide or single oligopeptide, the extract containing the oligosaccharide and the oligopeptide has better antioxidant activity, and the oligosaccharide and the oligopeptide in the chestnut kernel of the Yanshan ramosia has synergistic effect on the antioxidant activity.
Furthermore, the weight average molecular weight of the Chinese chestnut oligosaccharide is 850-1020 Da, and the weight average molecular weight of the Chinese chestnut oligopeptide is 470-680 Da.
Further, the monosaccharide composition after the hydrolysis of the chestnut oligosaccharide comprises Ara, rha, gal, glc and Man.
Furthermore, the amino acids of the Chinese chestnut oligopeptide after hydrolysis are mainly Asp, arg, leu and Glu;
preferably, the mass ratio of the total amount of Asp, arg, leu and Glu after hydrolysis is more than 95%.
The method for extracting the chestnut kernel extract provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps: extracting semen Castaneae with water, and collecting oligosaccharide and oligopeptide in the water extract.
The oligosaccharide and the oligopeptide can be obtained by simultaneously extracting through water extraction, and the oligosaccharide and the oligopeptide do not need to be respectively extracted, so that the extraction method of the chestnut kernel extract provided by the application is simple.
Specifically, the following method for extracting chestnut kernel extract provided by the embodiment of the present application includes:
s1, preparing Chinese chestnut kernel powder
Peeling off short-branch Chinese chestnut of Yanshan mountain to obtain Chinese chestnut kernel, drying the Chinese chestnut kernel at 50-70 deg.C (for example 50 deg.C, 60 deg.C or 70 deg.C) overnight to obtain dried Chinese chestnut, pulverizing the dried Chinese chestnut, sieving with 60 mesh sieve, and collecting the undersize product to obtain Chinese chestnut powder.
S2, water extraction
Adding the chestnut kernel powder prepared in the step S1 into hot water at a temperature of 60-70 ℃ (for example, 60 ℃, 65 ℃ or 70 ℃) for water extraction according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1-30 (1.
Preferably, in order to ensure that the oligosaccharides and oligopeptides in the Chinese chestnuts are fully extracted, the solid-liquid centrifugal separation further comprises repeating the water extraction operation at least once by taking the obtained filter residue as an extraction target, and combining the obtained water extract with the water extract obtained by the primary extraction.
S3, filtering
Filtering the water extract to collect the extract between 300 and 3000 Da.
Specifically, the filtration mode is as follows:
filtering the water extract with a 0.1 μm microporous membrane, and collecting the penetrating fluid to obtain a micro-filtrate;
filtering the micro-filtrate by using a 3000Da ultrafiltration membrane, and collecting a penetrating fluid to obtain an ultrafiltrate;
filtering the ultrafiltrate by adopting a nanofiltration membrane of 300Da and collecting trapped fluid;
preferably, to ensure a high efficiency of filtration without damaging the membrane, the pressure is 8-12 bar (e.g. 8bar, 10bar or 12 bar) when filtration is carried out with a 0.1 μm microporous membrane; filtering with 3000Da ultrafiltration membrane under 8-12 bar (such as 8bar, 10bar or 12 bar); the pressure during filtration with a 300Da nanofiltration membrane is 10-14 bar (such as 10bar, 12bar or 14 bar).
Furthermore, in each of the above filtering steps, when the filtering is performed to the later stage, in order to ensure sufficient filtering, ultrapure water can be added into the feed liquid barrel for filtering, and after the ultrapure water is added for filtering, because the feed liquid amount is large, it is impossible to completely enable all substances theoretically capable of passing through the membrane in the feed liquid to pass through the membrane, so that the filtering is stopped only by judging the permeation liquid amount or the trapped liquid amount to reach a certain value according to experience, and in order to ensure that the subsequent three-phase purification is easier to perform, the filtered trapped liquid after nanofiltration can be subjected to reduced pressure concentration to a proper amount and then continues to the next step.
S4, concentrating under reduced pressure, and freeze-drying
Concentrating the trapped fluid under reduced pressure, and freeze drying to obtain solid extract.
By calculation, the total extraction rate is 2-3% by adopting the extraction method provided by the embodiment of the application to extract.
The weight average molecular weight of the extracted Chinese chestnut oligosaccharide is 850-1020 Da, and the weight average molecular weight of the Chinese chestnut oligopeptide is 470-680 Da. The monosaccharide composition of the chestnut oligosaccharide comprises Ara, rha, gal, glc and Man. The amino acid composition of the chestnut oligopeptide mainly comprises Asp, arg, leu and Glu, and the total amount of the Asp, arg, leu and Glu is more than 95 percent.
The embodiment of the application also provides application of the chestnut kernel extract or the chestnut kernel extract obtained by the extraction method in antioxidant nourishment, health care products, skin care products and medicines.
The embodiment of the application provides a skin care product, which comprises the chestnut kernel extract or the chestnut kernel extract obtained by the extraction method, wherein the concentration of the chestnut kernel extract is 2-10 mg/mL.
Experiments show that under the low concentration of 2mg/mL, the clearance rate of the composition on DPPH free radicals can reach 70%; at concentrations above 8mg/mL, the clearance of DPPH free radicals was >96%. At the concentration of 10mg/mL, the composition has a hydroxyl radical clearance rate of more than 70 percent and an ABTS radical clearance rate of more than 95 percent. Therefore, when the concentration of the chestnut kernel extract in the skin care product is 2-10 mg/mL, the skin care product has obvious antioxidant activity.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Examples
The embodiment provides an extraction method of a chestnut kernel extract, which comprises the following specific steps:
peeling Yanshan short-branch Chinese chestnut to obtain Chinese chestnut kernel, drying the Chinese chestnut kernel at 50 ℃ overnight to obtain dried Chinese chestnut, then crushing the dried Chinese chestnut, sieving with a 60-mesh sieve, and taking the sieved substances to obtain Chinese chestnut kernel powder.
Adding the chestnut kernel powder prepared in the last step into hot water at the temperature of 60 ℃ for water extraction according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1.
And (3) repeating the water extraction steps on the filter residue obtained by solid-liquid centrifugal separation to obtain a secondary water extract, and combining the primary water extract and the secondary water extract to obtain the water extract.
Loading a 0.1 mu m microporous filter membrane on a high-pressure flat membrane, pouring water extract into a feed liquid barrel, setting the pressure to be 10bar for microfiltration, adding 400mL of ultrapure water into the feed liquid barrel when the trapped fluid is 500mL until the penetrating fluid is 1600mL, and collecting and combining the penetrating fluid to obtain a micro-filtrate. Loading a 3000Da ultrafiltration membrane on a high-pressure flat membrane, pouring micro-filtrate into a material liquid barrel, setting the pressure to be 10bar for ultrafiltration, adding 400mL of ultrapure water into the material liquid barrel when the trapped fluid is 500mL until the penetrating fluid is 2000mL, and collecting and combining the ultrafiltration penetrating fluid to obtain the ultrafiltrate. Loading a 300Da nanofiltration membrane on a high-pressure flat membrane, pouring ultrafiltrate into a feed liquid barrel, setting the pressure to be 12bar for nanofiltration, adding 600mL of ultrapure water into the feed liquid barrel when the trapped fluid is 500mL until the penetrating fluid is 3500mL, collecting and combining the trapped fluid, and concentrating under reduced pressure to 100mL to obtain the concentrated filtration trapped fluid.
Concentrating the filtrate under reduced pressure, and lyophilizing to obtain solid oligosaccharide-oligopeptide extract.
Experimental example 1
And dissolving the oligosaccharide-oligopeptide chestnut kernel extract prepared in the embodiment into a sample to be tested with the concentration of 5 mg/mL. Gradient elution is carried out on a sample to be detected on a DEAE Sepharose FF column, 490nm absorbance obtained by a phenol-sulfuric acid method test is taken as a vertical coordinate of an elution curve, and a test tube number connected out of an automatic part collector is taken as a horizontal coordinate to draw the elution curve, as shown in figure 1. 1 symmetrical elution peak can be obtained by using water and 0.1M NaCl solution as eluent, and no obvious elution peak appears after salt concentration is increased continuously. Collecting and combining 5 th to 40 th tube eluent, decompressing, concentrating, freezing and drying to obtain the oligosaccharide. Collecting and merging 65 th-100 th tube eluent, decompressing and concentrating, fully dialyzing, and freeze-drying to obtain the oligopeptide.
The yields of oligosaccharides and oligopeptides were 63% and 32%, respectively, by weight, with a 5% loss during the isolation process. The above loss amount may be the loss of oligosaccharides and oligopeptides during the operation process or impurities contained in the extract obtained by extraction, but whatever the loss amount is, the extract obtained by the extraction method provided by the embodiment of the invention is almost completely composed of oligosaccharides and oligopeptides.
Experimental example 2
The oligosaccharide-oligopeptide extract prepared in the embodiment, the oligosaccharide and the oligopeptide prepared in the experimental example 1 are respectively dissolved into samples to be tested with the concentrations of 3mg/mL and 5mg/mL, HPGPC elution is carried out on the samples to be tested to obtain elution curves as shown in figure 2, gluco-oligosaccharide and oligopeptide standard substances with different weight-average molecular weights are respectively used as standard samples to prepare standard curves, and the weight-average molecular weight of the oligosaccharide sample to be tested is 850-1020 Da and the molecular weight of the oligopeptide sample to be tested is 470-680 Da according to a linear equation of the standard curves.
Experimental example 3
The chestnut oligosaccharide obtained in experimental example 1 was hydrolyzed with TFA, and the ion chromatogram after hydrolysis is shown in fig. 3. Compared with the ion chromatogram of a mixed standard sample, 5 main chromatographic peaks appear in the chestnut oligosaccharide ion chromatogram map and respectively correspond to Ara, rha, gal, glc and Man.
Experimental example 4
The chestnut oligopeptides prepared in experimental example 1 were hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid, gel-filtered and uv-detected using a high performance liquid chromatograph, and compared with a peptide standard solution to obtain amino acid compositions as shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 amino acid composition of Chinese chestnut oligopeptides
As can be seen from the table above, the chestnut oligopeptide mainly consists of Asp, arg, leu and Glu, and the content of 4 amino acids is more than 95%.
Experimental example 5
The oligosaccharide-oligopeptide chestnut kernel extract obtained in the example, the oligosaccharide obtained in the experimental example 1 and the oligosaccharide are subjected to an antioxidant activity experiment. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
and (3) testing the clearance rate of the oligosaccharide-oligopeptide extract, the oligosaccharide, the oligopeptide and the control group Vc on DPPH free radicals, hydroxyl free radicals and ABTS free radicals respectively under different concentrations.
The test method comprises the following steps:
determination of the DPPH radical scavenging Rate
Prepare 200 mu mol/L DPPH ethanol solution, and 2, 4, 6, 8, 10mg/mL sample solution. Absorbing 50 microliter of sample solution, adding into 150 microliter of DPPH ethanol solution, oscillating, mixing uniformly, reacting in dark for 30min, and measuring the absorbance value at 517nm with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and recording as A i . Respectively replacing the sample solution and the DPPH solution with ethanol, repeating the operation, measuring the absorbance value at 517nm, and respectively marking as A 0 And A j . Experiments with Vc as a positive control group, DPPH free radical clearance was calculated according to the following formula:
DPPH radical clearance = [1- (A) i -A j )/A 0 ]×100％
2. Determination of hydroxyl radical scavenging Rate
Respectively preparing 6mmol ferrous sulfate aqueous solution and 6mmol H 2 O 2 Solution and 6mmol salicylic acid in ethanol. Preparing sample solutions with the concentrations of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10mg/mL, and respectively sucking 50 mu L of the sample solution, 50 mu L of ferrous sulfate solution and 100 mu L of H 2 O 2 Mixing, standing for 10min, reacting with 50 μ L salicylic acid ethanol solution, standing for 30min, and measuring absorbance at 510nm with enzyme reader to obtain A i . The absorbance value measured using 50. Mu.L of water instead of the sample solution was recorded as A j 。
Taking Vc as a positive control group, the clearance rate of hydroxyl free radical is calculated according to the following formula:
hydroxyl radical clearance = (Ai-Aj)/Aj × 100%
Determination of the radical scavenging Rate of ABTS
The ABTS free radical clearance of the sample is determined by using an ABTS kit. Sample solutions with concentrations of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10mg/mL were prepared. ABTS mother liquor stored for 14h at room temperature in a dark place is diluted to have the absorbance of 0.7 at 734nm to be used as a working solution. Mixing 280 μ L ABTS working solution and 7 μ L sample solution, reacting for 6min, and testing with microplate readerAbsorbance at 734nm, denoted A i The absorbance value measured by repeating the same procedure with 7. Mu.L of water instead of the sample solution was recorded as A j . Taking Vc as a positive control group, the clearance rate of ABTS free radicals is calculated according to the following formula:
ABTS free radical clearance = (A) j -A i )/A j ×100％。
The test results are shown in FIGS. 5-6, and it can be seen from FIGS. 5-6 that the clearance rate of DPPH free radical by oligosaccharide-oligopeptide extract can reach 70% at low concentration of 2 mg/mL; at concentrations above 8mg/mL, the clearance of DPPH free radicals was >96%, comparable to control group Vc. At a concentration of 10mg/mL, the composition has a hydroxyl radical clearance rate of greater than 70% and an ABTS radical clearance rate of greater than 95%. The free radical scavenging activity of the oligosaccharide, the oligopeptide and the composition in a given concentration range has obvious concentration-dependent effect, and the oligopeptide has DPPH free radical and ABTS free radical scavenging activity higher than that of the oligosaccharide under the same concentration, but the scavenging activity of hydroxyl free radical is not as good as that of the oligosaccharide. Compared with single oligosaccharide and oligopeptide, the composition has obviously increased free radical clearance rate in a given concentration range, and shows that the synergistic effect of the Chinese chestnut oligosaccharide and the oligopeptide obviously improves the antioxidant activity of the Chinese chestnut oligosaccharide and the oligopeptide.
Experimental example 6
Chestnuts of Yanlong, zunyu and Yanzi varieties are selected, the chestnut kernel extract is prepared by the same extraction method of the example, the removal rate of DPPH free radicals, hydroxyl free radicals and ABTS free radicals of the extracts is tested when the concentration of the extracts is 10mg/mL, the extracts are compared with the extracts prepared by the example, and the results are recorded in the table 2.
TABLE 2 antioxidant Activity of different varieties of chestnut extracts
As can be seen from the above table, the clearance rate of DPPH free radical, hydroxyl free radical and ABTS free radical is significantly higher for the oligosaccharide-oligopeptide extracts of the yanshan chestnut compared with other common chestnut varieties.
In conclusion, the chestnut kernel extract and the extraction method thereof provided by the application have the following advantages:
1. the oligosaccharide-oligopeptide extract extracted from the Yanshan chestnut branches has obvious activity of removing DPPH free radicals, hydroxyl free radicals and ABTS free radicals, and the oligosaccharide and the oligopeptide in the extract have synergistic effect, so that the antioxidant activity effect can be obviously improved by combining the oligosaccharide and the oligopeptide.
The Chinese chestnut kernel extract provided by the application can be applied to the development of products such as antioxidant nutriments, health care products, skin care products and the like, and is beneficial to promoting the deep processing and utilization of Chinese chestnut resources.
2. By separating the oligosaccharide and the oligopeptide in the composition and performing antioxidant activity comparison tests on the single oligosaccharide and the single oligopeptide, the antioxidant activity of the composition is found to be obviously higher than that of the single oligosaccharide and the single oligopeptide, and the synergistic effect of the Chinese chestnut oligosaccharide and the oligopeptide is shown to obviously improve the antioxidant activity of the Chinese chestnut oligosaccharide and the oligopeptide, so that the oligosaccharide and the oligopeptide are not required to be further separated in practical application, and the low-cost, efficient and large-scale production of the active ingredient is facilitated.
3. The extraction and purification process related by the application takes water as a solvent, does not introduce toxic and harmful substances, accords with a food-grade extraction process, and has the characteristics of environmental protection. The whole preparation process of the composition is simple to operate, good in controllability and low in cost, and has good application prospect and commercial feasibility.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The Chinese chestnut kernel extract is characterized by mainly comprising Chinese chestnut oligosaccharide and Chinese chestnut oligopeptide, wherein the Chinese chestnut oligosaccharide and the Chinese chestnut oligopeptide are extracted from Chinese chestnut kernels of Yanshan mountain short-branch Chinese chestnuts.
2. The chestnut kernel extract according to claim 1, wherein the weight average molecular weight of the chestnut oligosaccharides is 850-1020 Da, and the weight average molecular weight of the chestnut oligopeptides is 470-680 Da.
3. The chestnut kernel extract according to claim 1, wherein the monosaccharide composition of the chestnut oligosaccharides comprises Ara, rha, gal, glc and Man.
4. Chestnut kernel extract according to claim 1, characterized in that the amino acid composition of the chestnut oligopeptides is mainly Asp, arg, leu and Glu;
preferably, the mass ratio of the total amount of Asp, arg, leu and Glu after hydrolysis is more than 95%.
5. A method for extracting chestnut kernel extract is characterized by comprising the following steps:
extracting semen Castaneae with water, and collecting oligosaccharide and oligopeptide in the water extract.
6. The extraction method according to claim 5, wherein the water extraction method comprises:
putting the Chinese chestnut kernel powder of the Yanshan mountain short-branch Chinese chestnut into water for full immersion, and then carrying out solid-liquid separation to collect a liquid part to obtain the water extract;
preferably, the impregnation temperature is 60 to 70 ℃;
preferably, the water extraction process is carried out under continuous stirring for 3-4 h;
preferably, the solid-liquid separation mode is solid-liquid centrifugal separation, the centrifugal rotating speed is 7000-8000 rpm, and the time is 10-15 min;
preferably, the solid-liquid ratio in water extraction is 1.
7. The extraction method of claim 5, wherein the method for collecting the oligosaccharides and oligopeptides in the aqueous extract comprises:
filtering the water extract to collect the extract between 300 and 3000 Da.
8. The extraction method according to claim 7, wherein the filtering method comprises:
filtering the water extract by adopting a 0.1 mu m microporous filter membrane and collecting penetrating fluid to obtain a micro-filtrate;
filtering the micro-filtrate by adopting a 3000Da ultrafiltration membrane, and collecting a penetrating fluid to obtain an ultrafiltrate;
filtering the ultrafiltrate by adopting a nanofiltration membrane of 300Da and collecting trapped fluid;
preferably, the pressure is 8-12 bar when the microporous membrane with the diameter of 0.1 μm is adopted for filtration;
preferably, the pressure is 8-12 bar when filtering by adopting an ultrafiltration membrane of 3000 Da;
preferably, the pressure is 10-14 bar when the nanofiltration membrane with 300Da is adopted for filtration;
preferably, the trapped fluid is obtained and then subjected to reduced pressure concentration and freeze drying.
9. Use of chestnut kernel extract according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or obtained by the extraction process according to any one of claims 5 to 8 in anti-oxidant nutraceuticals, health products, skin care products and pharmaceuticals.
10. A skin care product comprising the chestnut kernel extract according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the chestnut kernel extract obtained by the extraction method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the concentration of the chestnut kernel extract is 2 to 10mg/mL.
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