CN115461240A - 用于将道路车辆固定在静止状态的方法和装置 - Google Patents

用于将道路车辆固定在静止状态的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN115461240A
CN115461240A CN202180031361.0A CN202180031361A CN115461240A CN 115461240 A CN115461240 A CN 115461240A CN 202180031361 A CN202180031361 A CN 202180031361A CN 115461240 A CN115461240 A CN 115461240A
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vehicle
transmission
stationary state
crankshaft
engine
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O·贝斯巴德
P·默尔凯
M·鲁埃洛
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New H Power Transmission System Holdings Ltd
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Renault SAS
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/02—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of driveline clutches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
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Abstract

披露了一种通过使用其燃烧发动机(2)的压缩阻力将道路车辆固定在静止状态的方法，其特征在于，该方法包括以下步骤：‑通过其车轮制动器固定车辆，‑关闭发动机(2)，‑断开车辆变速器(1)以将燃烧发动机与车轮断开联接，‑设定发动机曲轴(2)的角度以压缩至少一个气缸，以及‑闭合车辆变速器(1)。

Description

用于将道路车辆固定在静止状态的方法和装置
技术领域
本发明涉及对混合动力传动系的控制、以及混合动力传动系固定在静止状态。
更具体地，本发明的主题是一种用于将道路车辆固定在静止状态的方法和装置，使用其质量对其燃烧发动机的压缩阻力产生影响。
背景技术
在将电动机器连接至燃烧发动机的混合动力车辆中，可能需要使用其燃烧发动机的压缩阻力来使车辆保持处于静止状态，尤其在温度非常低时。在这些情况下，有必要将发动机的曲轴保持机械地连接至车辆的车轮。为此，必须“闭合”变速器，接合传动比。
对于手动变速器，驾驶员寻求从燃烧发动机的压缩阻力中受益，以使其车辆固定、尤其在斜坡上，在关闭发动机并且可能已经应用制动器之后反射性地接合速度。
如果驾驶员随后脱离接合其制动器，车辆倾向于不受控制地向前或向后颠簸。这种颠簸是曲轴的两个相邻的压缩位置之间存在距离造成的。颠簸的程度取决于发动机与车轮之间的减速，并且取决于车轮的半径。它允许车辆通过气缸的压缩来调整车辆位置。
车辆的颠簸可能达到几十厘米。此距离由两次压缩之间的曲轴的旋转角度决定。它相当于曲轴的旋转角度α、车轮的减速比r、车轮的半径R、以及2Π/360的乘积。
总之，如果驾驶员选择通过发动机使其车辆自行停止，“挂入挡位”接合传动比，无论是燃烧发动机车辆还是混合动力车辆，车辆都处于颠簸反应风险，从而在制动器脱离接合时使其发动机处于压缩位置。
发明内容
本发明旨在消除车辆在其运动链闭合且发动机关闭时发生反应的任何风险。
为此目的，本发明提出执行以下操作：
-使用其车轮制动器固定车辆，关闭发动机，
-断开车辆的变速器，以将燃烧发动机与车轮断开联接，
-在压缩至少一个气缸时调节发动机的曲轴的角度，以及
-闭合车辆的变速器。
优选的是，在调节曲轴期间，由燃烧发动机和第一电动机器构成的组件没有机械地连接至车辆的车轮。
所提出的使用其质量来对其燃烧发动机的压缩阻力产生影响以将道路车辆固定在静止状态的装置具有第一联接器件，该第一联接器件能够将由发动机和电动机器构成的组件连接至变速器，或将它们断开连接，以便能够调节曲轴的角度。
本发明优选地但非限制性地适用于具有混合动力传动系的车辆。
在将变速器再次闭合之前，使用一个或多个电动机器来使燃烧发动机处于压缩，从而可以完美地将车辆固定在静止状态。
附图说明
通过阅读本发明的非限制性的实施例的以下说明并参见附图，本发明的其他特征和优点将变得清楚明了。
[图1]是混合动力PT的运动简图。
[图2]单独示出其一部分。
[图3A]将曲轴的调节转换成图表。
[图3B]也是如此。
[图4]展示了方法。
具体实施方式
在图1中非限制性地展示了用于通过对其燃烧发动机的压缩阻力产生影响来使道路车辆固定在静止状态的装置。该简图与混合动力传动系(PT)的运动结构对应，比如在公开文件FR 3 022 495中详细描述的结构，可以通过引用来参考该公开文件。
该PT由有级传动比变速器1构成，该有级传动比变速器将燃烧发动机2的转矩和电动牵引机器3的转矩在车辆车轮方向上组合。发动机2和机器3放置在一条线的同心主轴4、5上。它们的转矩在驱动差速器7的副轴6上汇集到一起，该差速器在一个车桥的两个车轮之间分配转矩。燃烧发动机2经由一组减速齿轮9a、9b、9c连接至另一个电动机器8，例如起动器或补充机器。
提出的固定装置具有：
-第一联接器件C3，该第一联接器件能够将由发动机和电动机器8构成的组件连接至变速器，或将它们断开连接，以便能够调节曲轴的角度；
-第二联接器件C2，该第二联接器件能够将电动牵引机器3连接至变速器，以在对曲轴的角度进行调节时改变该变速器的轴的位置；以及-第三联接器件C1，该第三联接器件用于将发动机2与牵引机器3直接联接。
两个联接器件C3、C2的组合闭合确保传动比的接合，燃烧发动机以该传动比连接至车轮。以该传动比，电动牵引机器3也连接至车轮。
变速器1能够在静止状态下将燃烧发动机2的压缩阻力传递至车轮，以便在车辆的制动器脱离接合时，应用两个联接器C3和C2将车辆固定。这两个联接器的组合闭合能够将变速器闭合并且通过接合传动比(燃烧发动机2以该传动比连接至车轮，电动牵引机器3同样以该传动比连接至车轮)使车辆固定在静止状态。
在此状态下，变速器能够限制、甚至完全消除车辆因其颠簸产生的轻微位移，该位移是一旦车辆停止并且其发动机已关闭时通常必然对燃烧发动机2的气缸的压缩产生影响。该结果藉由电动机器8或3对燃烧发动机的作用而获得。该作用在于致动电动机器8或3，以便在发动机2的压缩位置调节曲轴的角度，同时车辆通过其车轮制动器保持处于静止状态，其中，发动机在其变速器断开时关闭，然后将变速器再次闭合。
在第一实施例中，由电动机器8调节曲轴的角度，电动机器本身通过减速齿轮组9a、9b、9c连接。作为减速齿轮组9a、9b、9c的替代方案，可以通过皮带或任何其他传动器件来确保电动机器8的运动相对于燃烧发动机2减速。
机器8是可以在力和/或位置方面控制的电动机器，例如起动器或简单的补充机器。在由机器8调节曲轴期间，由燃烧发动机2和机器8构成的组件(在图2中单独示出)没有机械地连接至车辆车轮，因为变速器的所有联接器是断开的。
车辆在静止状态下的固定以如下方式进行。驾驶员进行制动，直至车辆进入静止状态。然后根据驾驶员的请求关闭燃烧发动机2。通过断开联接器C3和C2来确保发动机与车轮断开连接。然后，燃烧发动机2和第一电动机器8的组件与车轮独立。
最初，曲轴的角位置是随机的，如图3A所示。然后，通过电动机器8使燃烧发动机2转动，以便在气缸压缩时调节曲轴。这种运动持续，直到到达图3B所展示的位置。从此，电动机器8将曲轴保持在位。
以下操作涉及车辆的变速器1。通过闭合图4中的联接器C3和C2来接合传动比，例如第一前进传动比。将它们闭合允许燃烧发动机2和电动机器8的运动跨过差速器7沿车轮方向减速。然后，燃烧发动机2经由第一燃烧发动机比连接至车轮，并且车辆的质量对气缸的压缩产生影响。
综上所述，用于将车辆固定在静止状态的方法，通过使用其质量对燃烧发动机的压缩阻力产生影响，该方法主要包括以下步骤：
-使用其车轮制动器固定车辆，
-关闭发动机2，
-断开车辆的变速器1，以将发动机2与车轮断开联接，
-在压缩至少一个气缸时调节发动机2的曲轴的角度，以及
-闭合车辆的变速器1。
在一个变体中，可以藉由电动牵引机器3和壳体的内轴稍微改变曲轴的位置。然后通过电动牵引机器3控制内轴的位置。上述方法仍然适用。
基于附图描述的变速器不限制所提出的方法应用于特定混合动力结构。该方法可以在任何类型的PT中实施，该PT具有燃烧发动机、能够暂时将发动机与车轮断开连接的变速器、以及接合在发动机的曲轴上的电动机器。其主要优点是，在通过对发动机的压缩“产生影响”将车辆带入静止状态时控制该车辆的位移。
在描述的示例中，所接合的传动比是根据图4闭合变速器的联接器C3和C2而接合的第一前进传动比。然而，在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，该方法可以通过接合另一个前进传动比或后退传动比来应用，这取决于车辆相对于斜坡的方向。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于通过对其燃烧发动机(2)的压缩阻力产生影响而将道路车辆固定在静止状态的方法，其特征在于，该方法具有以下步骤：
-使用其车轮制动器固定该车辆，
-关闭该发动机(2)，
-断开该车辆的变速器(1)，以将该发动机(2)与这些车轮断开联接，
-在压缩至少一个气缸时调节该发动机(2)的曲轴的角度，以及
-闭合该车辆的变速器(1)。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于将道路车辆固定在静止状态的方法，其特征在于，该曲轴的角度由连接至其的电动机器(8，3)调节。
3.如权利要求2所述的用于将道路车辆固定在静止状态的方法，其特征在于，在调节该曲轴的角度期间，由该燃烧发动机和该电动机器(8)构成的组件没有机械地连接至该车辆的车轮。
4.如权利要求2或3所述的用于将道路车辆固定在静止状态的方法，其特征在于，该电动机器(8)可以在力和/或位置方面进行控制。
5.如权利要求1所述的用于将道路车辆固定在静止状态的方法，其特征在于，该曲轴的角度由该变速器(1)的内轴调节。
6.如权利要求5所述的用于将道路车辆固定在静止状态的方法，其特征在于，该变速器的内轴对该曲轴的角度的调节由电动牵引机器(3)控制。
7.一种通过如权利要求2至5之一所述的用于通过对其燃烧发动机(2)的压缩阻力产生影响而将道路车辆固定在静止状态的装置，其特征在于，该装置具有第一联接器件(C3)，该第一联接器件能够将由该发动机和电动机器(8)构成的组件连接至该变速器，以便能够调节该曲轴的角度。
8.如权利要求7所述的用于将道路车辆固定在静止状态的装置，其特征在于，该装置具有第二联接器件(C2)，该第二联接器件能够将该电动牵引机器(3)连接至该变速器，以在调节该曲轴的角度时改变该变速器的轴的位置。
9.如权利要求7和8所述的用于将道路车辆固定在静止状态的装置，其特征在于，这两个联接器件(C3，C2)的组合闭合确保传动比的接合，该燃烧发动机以该传动比连接至这些车轮。
10.如权利要求9所述的用于固定在静止状态的装置，其特征在于，以该传动比，该电动牵引机器(3)也连接至这些车轮。
CN202180031361.0A 2020-04-28 2021-04-13 用于将道路车辆固定在静止状态的方法和装置 Pending CN115461240A (zh)

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FRFR2004241 2020-04-28
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FR3022495B1 (fr) 2014-06-24 2017-12-22 Renault Sas Transmission hybride a machine electrique deportee et procede de commande de changements de rapports
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