CN115450326B - 一种顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点及其施工方法 - Google Patents

一种顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点及其施工方法 Download PDF

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CN115450326B
CN115450326B CN202211325766.8A CN202211325766A CN115450326B CN 115450326 B CN115450326 B CN 115450326B CN 202211325766 A CN202211325766 A CN 202211325766A CN 115450326 B CN115450326 B CN 115450326B
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block
sliding block
sliding blocks
sealing plate
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CN115450326A (zh
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余玉洁
王霄翔
罗永琪
蒋丽忠
何畅
江力强
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National Engineering Research Center Of High Speed Railway Construction Technology
Central South University
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Central South University
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    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
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    • E04B1/34315Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts
    • E04B1/34326Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport characterised by separable parts mainly constituted by longitudinal elements
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
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    • E04G21/00Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
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    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
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    • E04B1/24Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
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    • E04B1/2403Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
    • E04B2001/2415Brackets, gussets, joining plates
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    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
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    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
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    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
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    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/24Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
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    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
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    • E04B2001/2466Details of the elongated load-supporting parts
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    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38Connections for building structures in general
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    • E04B2001/5875Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements using exterior clamping plates or shells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04BGENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
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Abstract

一种顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点及其施工方法,该节点包括上模块柱、下模块柱、水平连接板、顶推滑块系统和顶紧螺栓;顶推滑块系统包括侧滑块、顶推滑块、铰接框和弹簧;顶紧螺栓通过上模块柱侧壁的螺栓孔拧入,全部拧入时推动顶推滑块向内滑动,顶推滑块推动铰接框变形,铰接框两侧端部顶推侧滑块向两侧滑动,实现对上模块柱的底封板的嵌固,此时弹簧伸长,存在张拉力;进行模块节点拆卸时,拧松并取下顶紧螺栓,侧滑块受弹簧张拉力牵引向内滑动,解除对上模块柱的底封板的嵌固。本发明还包括一种所述顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点的施工方法。该节点现场拼接施工方便快捷,可灵活拆装。

Description

一种顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点及其施工方法
技术领域
本发明属于装配式钢结构建筑技术领域,特别是涉及一种顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点及其施工方法。
背景技术
模块钢结构建筑是一种新兴的装配式钢结构体系,其中模块单元自含子结构框架,且单元中围护墙体、楼板、内外装饰和水电系统等都可在工厂中预制完成。独立模块单元整体运输至工地,现场仅需在单元角部对其单元内模块柱端进行装配即可形成可靠整体结构,该建筑体系主要制作、施工和安装工作均在工厂中完成,现场施工速度极快,且对现场施工条件、施工环境和人工需求均较低。
为实现模块单元之间的快速拼装,单元间节点多采用螺栓连接方式,且由于模块单元其围护墙体均在工厂预制完成,因此单元间节点拼装时可用的操作空间通常较小。此外,由于模块单元自含子框架结构,因此在单元之间连接区域存在多柱多梁交汇拼接,现有节点设计常需连接较多的螺栓和连接板,使得节点构造复杂,现场装配要求较高,装配耗时较长,影响施工效率。现有模块钢结构节点设计通常只考虑连接紧固,因此部分采用焊接操作辅助连接,无法实现快速拆卸。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是,提供一种现场拼接施工方便快捷、节点拼接操作空间要求小、可灵活拆装的顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点及其施工方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:
一种顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点,包括上模块柱、下模块柱、水平连接板、顶推滑块系统和顶紧螺栓;所述上模块柱底部焊接有底封板,所述底封板上开底封板方孔,所述上模块柱侧壁开有螺栓孔;所述下模块柱顶部焊接有顶封板,所述顶封板上焊接有抗剪块,所述抗剪块上焊接有锚固栓杆;所述水平连接板上开有连接板方孔,所述水平连接板安装在顶封板的抗剪块上;所述顶推滑块系统包括侧滑块、顶推滑块、铰接框和弹簧,所述侧滑块为两块,分别安装在抗剪块两侧的锚固栓杆上,并通过螺帽紧固,所述顶推滑块为两块,分别安装在抗剪块中间位置的上下两锚固栓杆上,并通过螺帽紧固,所述顶推滑块上设有凹槽,所述铰接框安装在侧滑块之间并将对角顶嵌在顶推滑块的凹槽中,所述弹簧的两端与两侧的侧滑块固定连接;所述顶紧螺栓通过上模块柱侧壁的螺栓孔拧入,全部拧入时推动顶推滑块向内滑动,顶推滑块推动铰接框变形,铰接框两侧端部顶推侧滑块向两侧滑动,实现对上模块柱的底封板的嵌固,此时弹簧伸长,存在张拉力;进行模块节点拆卸时,拧松并取下顶紧螺栓,侧滑块受弹簧张拉力牵引向内滑动,解除对上模块柱的底封板的嵌固。
进一步,所述底封板方孔和连接板方孔的平面尺寸比抗剪块的平面尺寸边长大1-2mm。
进一步,所述侧滑块上开设一对侧滑块长螺孔,所述侧滑块长螺孔的长轴方向平行于铰接框的顶推方向,孔径比锚固栓杆直径大1-2mm;一对侧滑块长螺孔的轴线间距与锚固栓杆的列间距相等。
进一步,所述顶推滑块上开设一个顶推滑块长螺孔,所述顶推滑块长螺孔的长轴方向垂直于铰接框的顶推方向,孔径比锚固栓杆直径大1-2mm。
进一步,所述顶推滑块系统处于安装状态时其外边边缘尺寸与抗剪块相同,弹簧处于原始长度,两侧位置锚固栓杆靠于侧滑块长螺孔外侧,中间位置锚固栓杆靠于顶推滑块长螺孔内侧,安装就位后,顶推滑块系统中的侧滑块与顶推滑块通过螺帽与抗剪块固定。
进一步,所述铰接框为四根钢条通过铰接轴组合而成的平行四边形可变体系。
进一步,所述侧滑块和顶推滑块与抗剪块和上模块柱底封板之间以及侧滑块和顶推滑块与螺帽之间可通过抛光或涂抹润滑油的方式实现板件之间的相对滑动。
进一步,所述顶紧螺栓的长度使得顶紧螺栓全部拧入时侧滑块达到最大可滑动距离。
所述顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点的施工方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)在工厂中将锚固栓杆焊接于抗剪块上,将抗剪块焊接于顶封板中心位置,将顶封板焊接于下模块柱顶;
(2)将顶推滑块系统中的侧滑块、顶推滑块依次套入锚固栓杆上,在侧滑块之间放置铰接框并将铰接框对角端部顶嵌在顶推滑块凹槽内,在侧滑块之间连接弹簧;调整侧滑块和顶推滑块位置使得滑块外边缘与抗剪块外边缘对齐,安装螺帽,将侧滑块和顶推滑块固定;
(3)安装水平连接板,将连接板方孔套在抗剪块上;
(4)安装上模块柱,使得上模块柱的底封板方孔套在抗剪块上;
(5)拧入顶紧螺栓,将螺栓长度全部拧入,通过铰接框顶推侧滑块,即可实现对上模块柱底封板的嵌固;
(6)需要拆卸时,拧松并取下顶紧螺栓,侧滑块可在弹簧的牵制下收回,即可解除对上模块柱底封板的嵌固,实现上下模块柱间节点的快速拆卸。
本发明的有益效果:通过顶推滑块、铰接框、侧滑块和弹簧相互组合形成可开合的顶推滑块系统,并通过顶紧螺栓的拧紧和拆卸实现顶推滑块系统开合,进而实现上下模块柱的紧固连接和拆卸。现场进行上下模块柱的紧固施工时仅需在柱壁进行顶紧螺栓的拧紧操作,施工操作空间要求小,且节点间隙小。该节点还具备可拆卸功能,通过拧松顶紧螺栓,侧滑块在弹簧牵制下合拢,可实现上下模块柱嵌固机制的快速解除和模块单元的拆卸功能,整体节点现场拼装施工快速便捷。
附图说明
图1 是顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点的三维构造示意图;
图2 是处于推开状态的顶推滑块系统的三维示意图;
图3 是焊接锚固栓杆的抗剪块的三维示意图;
图4 是侧滑块的三维示意图;
图5 是顶推滑块的三维示意图;
图6 是应用于中柱节点时一侧上模块柱安装嵌固状态时节点三维剖面图;
图7 是应用于中柱节点时一侧上模块柱安装嵌固状态时节点俯视平面图;
图中:1、上模块柱,11、底封板,12、底封板方孔,13、螺栓孔;2、下模块柱,21、顶封板,22、抗剪块,23、锚固栓杆;3、水平连接板,31、连接板方孔;4、顶推滑块系统,41、侧滑块,411、侧滑块长螺孔,42、顶推滑块,421、顶推滑块长螺孔,422、凹槽,43、铰接框,44、弹簧,45、螺帽;5、顶紧螺栓。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图以及实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
参照图1-图7,一种顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点,包括上模块柱1、下模块柱2、水平连接板3、顶推滑块系统4和顶紧螺栓5;所述上模块柱1底部焊接有底封板11,所述底封板11上开底封板方孔12,所述上模块柱1侧壁开有螺栓孔13;所述下模块柱2顶部焊接有顶封板21,所述顶封板21上焊接有抗剪块22,所述抗剪块22上焊接有锚固栓杆23;所述水平连接板3上开有连接板方孔31,所述水平连接板3安装在顶封板21的抗剪块22上;所述顶推滑块系统4包括侧滑块41、顶推滑块42、铰接框43和弹簧44,所述侧滑块41为两块,分别安装在抗剪块22两侧的锚固栓杆23上,并通过螺帽45紧固,所述顶推滑块42为两块,分别安装在抗剪块22中间位置的上下两锚固栓杆23上,并通过螺帽45紧固,所述顶推滑块42上设有凹槽422,所述铰接框43安装在侧滑块41之间并将对角顶嵌在顶推滑块42的凹槽422中,所述弹簧44的两端与两侧的侧滑块41固定连接;所述顶紧螺栓5通过上模块柱1侧壁的螺栓孔13拧入,全部拧入时推动顶推滑块42向内滑动,顶推滑块推动铰接框43变形,铰接框43两侧端部顶推侧滑块41向两侧滑动,实现对上模块柱1的底封板11的嵌固,此时弹簧44伸长,存在张拉力;进行模块节点拆卸时,拧松并取下顶紧螺栓5,侧滑块41受弹簧44张拉力牵引向内滑动,解除对上模块柱1的底封板11的嵌固。
本实施例中,所述底封板方孔12和连接板方孔31的平面尺寸比抗剪块22的平面尺寸边长大1-2mm。
本实施例中,所述锚固栓杆23为两列,每列有三个,分别用于安装侧滑块41、顶推滑块42,如图3所示。
本实施例中,所述侧滑块41上开设一对侧滑块长螺孔411,所述侧滑块长螺孔411的长轴方向平行于铰接框43的顶推方向,孔径比锚固栓杆23直径大1-2mm;一对侧滑块长螺孔411的轴线间距与锚固栓杆23的列间距相等,如图4所示。
本实施例中,所述顶推滑块42上开设一个顶推滑块长螺孔421,所述顶推滑块长螺孔421的长轴方向垂直于铰接框43的顶推方向,孔径比锚固栓杆23直径大1-2mm;侧壁中心开设深度1-2mm的凹槽422,如图5所示。
本实施例中,所述顶推滑块系统4处于安装状态时其外边边缘尺寸与抗剪块22相同,弹簧44处于原始长度,两侧位置锚固栓杆23靠于侧滑块长螺孔411外侧,中间位置锚固栓杆23靠于顶推滑块长螺孔421内侧,如图7所示,安装就位后,顶推滑块系统4中的侧滑块41与顶推滑块42通过螺帽45与抗剪块22固定,其中,螺帽45稍微拧紧即可,尽量避免对顶推滑块42和侧滑块41的运动产生较大阻力,从而对弹簧44使推滑块42和侧滑块41的复位提出较高的要求。
本实施例中,所述铰接框43为四根钢条通过铰接轴组合而成的平行四边形可变体系。
本实施例中,所述侧滑块41和顶推滑块42与抗剪块22和上模块柱底封板11之间以及侧滑块41和顶推滑块42与螺帽45之间可通过抛光或涂抹润滑油的方式实现板件之间的相对滑动。
本实施例中,所述顶紧螺栓5的长度使得顶紧螺栓5全部拧入时侧滑块41达到最大可滑动距离。
所述顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点的施工方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)在工厂中将锚固栓杆23焊接于抗剪块22上,再将抗剪块22焊接于顶封板21中心位置,将顶封板21焊接于下模块柱1顶部;
(2)将顶推滑块系统4中的侧滑块41、顶推滑块42依次套入锚固栓杆23上,在侧滑块41之间放置铰接框43并将铰接框43对角端部顶嵌在顶推滑块42凹槽422内,在侧滑块41之间连接弹簧44;调整侧滑块41和顶推滑块42位置使得滑块外边缘与抗剪块22外边缘对齐,安装螺帽45,将侧滑块41和顶推滑块42固定;
(3)安装水平连接板3,将连接板方孔31套在抗剪块22上;
(4)安装上模块柱1,使得上模块柱1的底封板方孔12套在抗剪块22上;
(5)拧入顶紧螺栓5,将螺栓长度全部拧入,通过铰接框43顶推侧滑块41,即可实现对上模块柱1底封板11的嵌固;
(6)需要拆卸时,拧松并取下顶紧螺栓5,侧滑块41可在弹簧44的牵制下收回,即可解除对上模块柱1底封板11的嵌固,实现上下模块柱间节点的快速拆卸。
尽管以上结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行了描述,但是本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式,上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的,并不是限制性的,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下,在不脱离本发明宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下,还可以作出很多形式,这些均属于本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点,包括上模块柱、下模块柱、水平连接板,其特征在于:还设有顶推滑块系统和顶紧螺栓;所述上模块柱底部焊接有底封板,所述底封板上开底封板方孔,所述上模块柱侧壁开有螺栓孔;所述下模块柱顶部焊接有顶封板,所述顶封板上焊接有抗剪块,所述抗剪块上焊接有锚固栓杆;所述水平连接板上开有连接板方孔,所述水平连接板安装在顶封板的抗剪块上;所述顶推滑块系统包括侧滑块、顶推滑块、铰接框和弹簧,所述侧滑块为两块,分别安装在抗剪块两侧的锚固栓杆上,并通过螺帽紧固,所述顶推滑块为两块,分别安装在抗剪块中间位置的上下两锚固栓杆上,并通过螺帽紧固,所述顶推滑块上设有凹槽,所述铰接框安装在侧滑块之间并将对角顶嵌在顶推滑块的凹槽中,所述弹簧的两端与两侧的侧滑块固定连接;所述顶紧螺栓通过上模块柱侧壁的螺栓孔拧入,全部拧入时推动顶推滑块向内滑动,顶推滑块推动铰接框变形,铰接框两侧端部顶推侧滑块向两侧滑动,实现对上模块柱的底封板的嵌固,此时弹簧伸长,存在张拉力;进行模块节点拆卸时,拧松并取下顶紧螺栓,侧滑块受弹簧张拉力牵引向内滑动,解除对上模块柱的底封板的嵌固。
2.根据权利要求1所述的顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点,其特征在于:所述底封板方孔和连接板方孔的平面尺寸比抗剪块的平面尺寸边长大1-2mm。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点,其特征在于:所述侧滑块上开设一对侧滑块长螺孔,所述侧滑块长螺孔的长轴方向平行于铰接框的顶推方向,孔径比锚固栓杆直径大1-2mm;一对侧滑块长螺孔的轴线间距与锚固栓杆的列间距相等。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点,其特征在于:所述顶推滑块上开设一个顶推滑块长螺孔,所述顶推滑块长螺孔的长轴方向垂直于铰接框的顶推方向,孔径比锚固栓杆直径大1-2mm。
5.根据权利要求3所述的顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点,其特征在于:所述顶推滑块上开设一个顶推滑块长螺孔,所述顶推滑块长螺孔的长轴方向垂直于铰接框的顶推方向,孔径比锚固栓杆直径大1-2mm。
6.根据权利要求5所述的顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点,其特征在于:所述顶推滑块系统处于安装状态时其外边边缘尺寸与抗剪块相同,弹簧处于原始长度,两侧位置锚固栓杆靠于侧滑块长螺孔外侧,中间位置锚固栓杆靠于顶推滑块长螺孔内侧,安装就位后,顶推滑块系统中的侧滑块与顶推滑块通过螺帽与抗剪块固定。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点,其特征在于:所述侧滑块和顶推滑块与抗剪块和上模块柱底封板之间以及侧滑块和顶推滑块与螺帽之间通过抛光或涂抹润滑油的方式实现板件之间的相对滑动。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点,其特征在于:所述铰接框为四根钢条通过铰接轴组合而成的平行四边形可变体系。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点,其特征在于:所述顶紧螺栓的长度使得顶紧螺栓全部拧入时侧滑块达到最大可滑动距离。
10.一种如权利要求1所述的顶推滑块式可拆装模块钢结构节点的施工方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)在工厂中将锚固栓杆焊接于抗剪块上,将抗剪块焊接于顶封板中心位置,将顶封板焊接于下模块柱顶;
(2)将顶推滑块系统中的侧滑块、顶推滑块依次套入锚固栓杆上,在侧滑块之间放置铰接框并将铰接框对角端部顶嵌在顶推滑块凹槽内,在侧滑块之间连接弹簧;调整侧滑块和顶推滑块位置使得滑块外边缘与抗剪块外边缘对齐,安装螺帽,将侧滑块和顶推滑块固定;
(3)安装水平连接板,将连接板方孔套在抗剪块上;
(4)安装上模块柱,使得上模块柱的底封板方孔套在抗剪块上;
(5)拧入顶紧螺栓,将螺栓长度全部拧入,通过铰接框顶推侧滑块,即可实现对上模块柱底封板的嵌固;
(6)需要拆卸时,拧松并取下顶紧螺栓,侧滑块可在弹簧的牵制下收回,即可解除对上模块柱底封板的嵌固,实现上下模块柱间节点的快速拆卸。
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