CN115448402B - High-efficiency energy-saving sea water desalination device - Google Patents
High-efficiency energy-saving sea water desalination device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115448402B CN115448402B CN202211136534.8A CN202211136534A CN115448402B CN 115448402 B CN115448402 B CN 115448402B CN 202211136534 A CN202211136534 A CN 202211136534A CN 115448402 B CN115448402 B CN 115448402B
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 8
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/009—Apparatus with independent power supply, e.g. solar cells, windpower or fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a high-efficiency energy-saving sea water desalting device, which comprises a solar preheating device, an evaporation condensing device and an air vortex engine recycling device, wherein the solar preheating device, the high-temperature industrial waste gas heating device, the high-temperature air uniform heating device, the high-temperature air reinforced vortex engine power generation device, the air recycling device and the like are specifically arranged, so that the treatment effects of solar sea water preheating, high-temperature industrial waste gas heating, high-temperature air uniform heating, high-temperature air reinforced vortex engine power generation, air recycling and the like are realized, and the energy recycling is maximized while the high-efficiency sea water desalting is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sea water desalination, in particular to a high-efficiency energy-saving sea water desalination device comprising a vortex engine.
Background
The evaporation-condensation method is the most common treatment mode with relatively low cost in the sea water desalination process, and the existing sea water desalination process adopting the principle can generally realize miniaturization and low consumption. The energy sources for the evaporation-condensation method are generally solar energy and electric energy, and the solar energy is generally required to be treated because of relatively low thermal efficiency. Chinese patent publication CN105347412a discloses a seawater desalination plant applied to a small-sized ship, that is, discloses that the heat concentration of solar energy is increased by arranging a glass cover in the form of a convex lens, so as to heat seawater, but the solar energy is only an auxiliary energy source, and an electric heating plate is mainly used for heating seawater, or a higher energy cost is required.
Waste gas in industries such as metallurgy contains a large amount of energy, and when environmental protection treatment is performed on the high-temperature industrial waste gas, the waste gas is generally required to be subjected to cooling treatment, and the heat is generally used as a heat source for life heating, but the life heating is affected by seasons, so that the utilization rate of the energy is affected. In the prior art, the technical proposal of supplying energy to the sea water desalination equipment by utilizing high-temperature industrial waste gas exists, but the sea water desalination equipment is only heated by a contact heat exchange or radiation heat exchange mode.
Chimney power generation of a vortex engine is one way of generating electricity based on the flow of relatively high temperature gases, and is currently mainly achieved by building a higher chimney. However, based on the concept of the atmospheric pre-rotation engine proposed by louis michaud, if the internal cyclone is realized, the vortex engine can be used for generating electricity instead of a higher chimney, and how to apply the electricity generation mode to sea water desalination is also the subject of research by researchers. In the prior art, industrial waste gas is occasionally used to form a cyclone column to realize the technical scheme of power generation of a cyclone engine in the sea water desalination process, but if the industrial waste gas and water vapor are mixed to a certain extent in the sea water evaporation-condensation process, gas soluble matters in the industrial waste gas can enter condensed water, so that the quality of the condensed water formed by sea water desalination is greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a high-efficiency energy-saving sea water desalting device.
The method is realized by the following technical means:
the efficient energy-saving sea water desalting device includes solar energy preheater, evaporating and condensing unit and air vortex engine reusing unit.
The solar preheating device comprises a seawater inlet pipe, a seawater inlet water pump, a heat absorption ring, a heat conduction through hole plate and a hemispherical reflector, wherein the hemispherical reflector is a hemispherical or hemispherical shell, a concave reflecting mirror surface is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, an opening of the hemispherical reflector is arranged upwards, the inlet end of the seawater inlet pipe is communicated with seawater, the seawater inlet water pump for pumping seawater is arranged on the seawater inlet pipe, the heat absorption ring is arranged at the position of the seawater inlet pipe, which is positioned at the physical center of the hemispherical reflector, the heat absorption ring is of a hollow sphere structure with an upper opening and a lower opening, the side wall of the heat absorption ring is transparent high-temperature resistant glass, the seawater inlet pipe penetrates through the heat absorption ring through the upper opening and the lower opening of the heat absorption ring, the heat conduction through hole plate is horizontally arranged in the heat absorption ring, and the heat conduction through hole plate is a densely arranged through hole plate which is arranged by using a heat conduction material and is used for heating the passed seawater.
The evaporation condensing device comprises an evaporation cavity shell, an evaporation cavity water inlet, an evaporation cavity exhaust port, a condensation cavity pipe, a condensate temporary storage cavity, a condensate receiving plate, a condensate collecting box, a liquid level sensor, a foam exhaust port, a foam collecting cavity, a foam filter plate, a blow-off pipe, a first concentrated salt seawater exhaust port and a second concentrated salt seawater exhaust port; the evaporation cavity water inlet is formed in one side wall of the evaporation cavity shell, the evaporation cavity water inlet is communicated with the outlet end of the seawater inlet pipe, the evaporation cavity exhaust port is opened in the middle of the top wall of the evaporation cavity shell, a plurality of condensation cavity pipes are arranged on the inner top wall of the evaporation cavity shell at the positions of two sides of the evaporation cavity exhaust port, each condensation cavity pipe is arranged in an arc shape, the top end of each condensation cavity pipe is communicated with a condensate temporary storage cavity, condensate is filled in the condensation cavity pipe, the condensate is filled in the condensation cavity pipe through the condensate temporary storage cavity and is replaced in real time, a condensate receiving plate is arranged below the condensation cavity pipe, one end of the condensate receiving plate is suspended, the other end of the condensate receiving plate is connected with the inner side wall of the evaporation cavity shell and is communicated with a condensate collecting box, one end of the condensate receiving plate suspended is bent upwards in an arc shape, the condensate receiving plate is obliquely arranged, and one suspended end is a higher end, and the condensate collecting box is arranged on the outer side wall of the evaporation cavity shell; the utility model provides a first dense salt sea water discharge port has been seted up on the diapire of evaporating chamber casing, is provided with on the inside wall of evaporating chamber casing level sensor has been seted up on the lateral wall of evaporating chamber casing with level sensor's same horizontal position foam discharge port, foam discharge port communicates with evaporating chamber casing inside through pipeline one end, and the other end and the foam of pipeline are collected the intracavity and are linked together, foam filter board is vertically provided with in the foam is collected the intracavity, and foam filter board is cut apart the foam and is collected the chamber and divide into sewage district and filtration district, is sewage district in the region with foam discharge port homonymy position, is provided with the blow off pipe on the diapire of sewage district one side of foam collection chamber, is provided with second dense salt sea water discharge port on the diapire of filtration district one side of foam collection chamber.
The air vortex engine recycling device comprises a spiral jet disc, a spiral jet tube, an air storage cavity, a high-temperature air tube, a booster air pump, an air heat exchange cavity, an exhaust gas exhaust inlet, an exhaust gas heat exchange tube, an exhaust gas outlet, a recovery air tube, an air suction cover, an air prevention barrel, an air inlet guide plate, a wind turbine and a vortex generator; the spiral jet disc is arranged at the inner bottom of the evaporation cavity shell, the spiral jet disc is of a hollow circular ring structure, high-temperature air is filled in the spiral jet disc, the air inlet ends of a plurality of spiral jet pipes are communicated with the inside of the spiral jet disc through the inner side walls of the spiral jet disc, the nozzle ends of the spiral jet pipes spray high-temperature air towards the water body in the evaporation cavity shell, the spiral jet pipes are distributed at an alpha angle with the inner side walls of the spiral jet disc, and physical virtual lines formed by connecting the central lines of the nozzle ends of all the spiral jet pipes are circular; the air storage cavity is arranged at the outer bottom of the evaporation cavity shell, the top of the air storage cavity is communicated with the bottom of the spiral air injection disc, one end of the high-temperature air pipe is communicated with the bottom of the air storage cavity, the other end of the high-temperature air pipe is communicated with the bottom of the air heat exchange cavity, the booster air pump is arranged on the high-temperature air pipe, the waste gas heat exchange pipe is spirally arranged in the air heat exchange cavity in a spiral structure, one end of the waste gas heat exchange pipe is provided with a waste gas exhaust port, the other end of the waste gas heat exchange pipe is provided with a waste gas exhaust port, the waste gas exhaust port is communicated with industrial high-temperature waste gas, one end of the recovery air pipe is communicated with the top of the air heat exchange cavity, and the other end of the recovery air pipe is communicated with the top of the air suction cover; the wind-proof cylinder is vertically arranged at the upper end of the exhaust port of the evaporation cavity, the bottom end of the wind-proof cylinder is communicated with the gas in the evaporation cavity shell through the exhaust port of the evaporation cavity, the top of the wind-inlet guide plate is connected with the bottom end of the wind-proof cylinder, the bottom arc expands outwards to form an inverted funnel structure with a small upper part and a large lower part, the inner wall of the wind-proof cylinder is also provided with a plurality of condensation cavity pipes, one end of the condensation cavity pipe is communicated with the condensate temporary storage cavity, the other end of the condensation cavity pipe is arranged upwards in an arc shape, a wind turbine is arranged above the condensation cavity pipe inside the wind prevention cylinder, the wind turbine is indirectly connected with a vortex generator arranged outside the wind prevention cylinder through a gear set, and an air suction cover is arranged right above the wind prevention cylinder.
Preferably, the height position of the liquid level sensor is 15-25% of the total height of the inner side wall of the evaporation cavity shell.
Preferably, the value of α is 13 to 25 ° (preferably 18 to 21 °).
Preferably, the plurality of spiral air ejector pipes are inclined to the bottom wall of the evaporation cavity shell and form an angle of 20-35 degrees with the bottom wall of the evaporation cavity shell, so that the nozzle ends of the plurality of spiral air ejector pipes spray high-temperature air obliquely upwards.
Preferably, the spiral jet disc is arranged right below the exhaust port of the evaporation cavity.
Preferably, the volume of the waste gas heat exchange tube is 68-82% of the volume of the air heat exchange cavity.
Preferably, the exhaust outlet is in communication with an industrial exhaust cryogenic adsorption device.
Preferably, the bottom end of the windproof cylinder is fixedly connected with the exhaust port of the evaporation cavity.
Preferably, the wind-proof cylinder is a cylinder structure which is opened up and down, the air suction cover is an inverted funnel structure with a small top and a large bottom, a gap is arranged between the bottom end of the air suction cover and the top end of the wind-proof cylinder, the air suction cover and the wind-proof cylinder are coaxially arranged (a physical virtual shaft, namely, the circle centers of the cross sections of the two are at the same vertical position), and further preferably, the diameter of the bottom end of the air suction cover is larger than that of the wind-proof cylinder.
Preferably, a preheating pipeline is arranged in the recovery air pipe, the inlet end and the outlet end of the preheating pipeline are both communicated with the condensate temporary storage cavity, the inlet end of the preheating pipeline is used for sucking condensate discharged from the condensation cavity pipe into the preheating pipeline, and the outlet end of the preheating pipeline is used for discharging condensate in the preheating pipeline into the condensate temporary storage cavity.
The invention has the following technical effects:
1, the invention heats the air by the high-temperature industrial waste gas, and then heats the seawater by the heated air, thereby avoiding the contact between the industrial waste gas and the evaporated water vapor, and completely avoiding the possibility of dissolving toxic substances in the condensed water after the seawater desalination; meanwhile, the proportion of the waste gas heat exchange pipe and the air heat exchange cavity is limited in a specific mode, so that the contact area of high-temperature industrial waste gas and air heat exchange is increased, and the heat exchange effect is improved. The wind turbine is driven in the wind prevention barrel by swirling high-temperature air to generate power by the swirling engine, so that power generation is realized while sea water is desalted, the generated power can be used by all parts of the device, the air part with waste heat after power generation is utilized is sucked again for circulation by arranging the air suction cover at the top end of the wind prevention barrel, and the energy waste caused by the fact that the air with waste heat is discharged into the atmosphere can be avoided, so that the technical effect of no need of higher energy cost in the sea water desalting process is realized.
2 there are cases in the prior art in which seawater is heated by industrial waste gas and a vortex engine power generation structure is formed, but it is not in contact with seawater inside the seawater, so that the degree of heat exchange thereof cannot be compared with the present invention, and there are cases in which harmful solubles in the industrial waste gas enter into condensed water. According to the invention, the spiral air injection disc and the spiral air injection pipe are arranged at the bottom of the seawater, and air is injected through the spiral air injection pipe, so that bubbles can directly heat the seawater, the seawater is preheated by solar energy, and then the gasification process is realized by heating the air, so that the seawater desalination process is realized without energy such as electric energy and the like. Through setting up suitable angle of spiral jet-propelled pipe, realized stirring the good effect to the sea water to make sea water heat exchange more even stable, when realizing even stable heat exchange to the sea water, make the gaseous whirl angle that goes into along with the gas of sea water upper surface and realized preventing that the high temperature gas in the dryer from entering into in the wind-proof section of thick bamboo (because spiral jet-propelled dish sets up under preventing the dryer) with the form of whirl, thereby realized vortex engine electricity generation in the desalination of high-efficient sea water.
3, through setting up the solar energy preheating device of specific structure, through setting up hemispherical reflector, realized concentrating the heat absorption ring to the sunlight of shining into from the top, strengthen the heat transfer effect through setting up the heat conduction orifice plate simultaneously, thereby realized carrying out the effect of high-efficient preheating to the sea water of entering through solar energy, because hemispherical reflector's heat is concentrated, the heat transfer that the cooperation heat absorption ring was concentrated is to on the heat conduction orifice plate, and the heat conduction material and the through-hole structure of cooperation heat conduction orifice plate, increased the area of contact of heat conduction orifice plate and sea water when slowing down the flow velocity of sea water to a certain extent, thereby great improvement solar energy is to the heating effect of sea water. The preheated seawater enters the evaporation cavity, and the relative temperature is provided, so that the gasification effect can be realized more easily, the efficiency of the full process of seawater desalination is greatly improved, and the solar energy is utilized more fully.
4, through setting up condensation chamber pipe and condensate temporary storage chamber for the condensate that the condensation process used is repeatedly updated in the condensation chamber pipe, makes steam and condensation chamber pipe contact after the rapid condensation become the comdenstion water, and because condensation process can release a large amount of heat (water changes into liquid from the gaseous state), thereby has realized heating to the condensate, and through the condensate real-time discharge to the condensation in the condensation chamber pipe and the condensate of new relatively lower temperature that changes, thereby has realized higher condensation effect, avoids too much steam to flow through preventing wind a section of thick bamboo. The heated condensate has higher temperature, and the condensate with higher temperature is contacted with the air in the recovery air pipe, so that the condensate with higher temperature can be used for further preheating the air, and the energy is more fully utilized. Meanwhile, a condensation cavity pipe is also arranged in the windproof cylinder in an optimized manner, so that a small amount of water vapor entering the windproof cylinder can be condensed, and the partial heat can heat the air at the bottom of the windproof cylinder besides heating the condensate due to the heat released in the condensation process, so that the power generation effect of the vortex engine is enhanced.
5, because the air is spirally sprayed upwards from the bottom, the sprayed bubbles can adsorb particles in gas or seawater to form a small amount of foam on the surface of the seawater due to the action of surface tension, the seawater in the evaporation cavity can gradually increase in concentration and decrease in liquid level along with the progress of the seawater evaporation-condensation treatment process of each period, when the seawater falls to the height threshold value set by the liquid level sensor, the foam on the surface of the seawater can be discharged through the foam discharge port by being matched with the liquid level sensor, the discharged foam can be filtered out and gradually enriched through the filtering of the foam filter plate and then is discharged through the blow-off pipe, and the filtered concentrated salt seawater passes through the second concentrated salt seawater discharge port, so that the damage degree of the discharged concentrated salt seawater to the environment is greatly reduced, the cost of the seawater desalination enterprises on the effluent treatment is reduced, and the environmental friendliness is further optimized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the efficient and energy-saving sea water desalination device according to the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a helical jet assembly.
Wherein: 101-sea water inlet pipe, 102-sea water inlet water pump, 103-heat absorption ring, 104-heat conduction through hole plate, 105-hemispherical reflector, 200-evaporating cavity sea water liquid level, 201-evaporating cavity water inlet, 202-condensing cavity pipe, 203-condensate temporary storage cavity, 204-condensate bearing plate, 205-condensate collecting box, 206-liquid level sensor, 207-foam outlet, 208-foam collecting cavity, 209-foam filter plate, 210-blow-down pipe, 211-second concentrated salt sea water outlet, 212-first concentrated salt sea water outlet, 301-spiral air injection disk, 302-spiral air injection pipe, 303-air storage cavity, 304-high temperature air pipe, 305-pressurizing air pump, 306-air heat exchange cavity, 307-exhaust gas outlet, 308-exhaust heat exchange pipe, 309-exhaust gas outlet, 310-recovered air pipe, 311-air suction cover, 312-air-preventing barrel, 313-wind-inlet guide plate, 314-wind turbine, 315-vortex generator, alpha-air injection pipe included angle.
Detailed Description
It is expressly intended that any feature disclosed in this detailed description or examples, which may be substituted for other equivalent or alternative features serving a similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise, be incorporated into this detailed description in connection with the accompanying drawings. Each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise. The detailed description or examples are merely intended to facilitate an understanding of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way.
The efficient energy-saving sea water desalting device shown in fig. 1-2 comprises a solar preheating device, an evaporation condensing device and an air vortex engine recycling device.
As shown in fig. 1, the solar preheating device comprises a seawater inlet pipe, a seawater inlet pump, a heat absorption ring, a heat conduction through hole plate and a hemispherical reflector, wherein the hemispherical reflector is a shell with multiple hemispheres (as shown in fig. 1, namely, the hemispherical reflector is slightly more than the hemispheres, so that solar energy can be received as much as possible under the premise of not shielding sunlight), a concave reflecting mirror surface is arranged on the inner wall of the shell (namely, the reflecting mirror surface is arranged on the inner side of the hemispheres, the concave surface is formed on the inner side of the hemispheres), an opening of the hemispherical reflector is arranged upwards, the inlet end of the seawater inlet pipe is communicated with seawater, the seawater inlet pump for sucking seawater is arranged on the seawater inlet pipe, the heat absorption ring is arranged at the position of the seawater inlet pipe, which is positioned at the physical sphere center of the hemispherical reflector, as shown in fig. 1, the heat absorption ring is of a hollow sphere structure (or an ellipsoidal structure) with an upper opening and a lower opening, the side wall of the heat absorption ring is transparent high-temperature-resistant glass, the heat absorption ring penetrates through the ring, the ring is horizontally arranged in the ring, the heat conduction through hole plate is arranged on the heat conduction through hole plate, and the heat conduction through hole plate is arranged on the seawater through hole plate.
As shown in fig. 1, the evaporation and condensation device comprises an evaporation cavity shell, an evaporation cavity water inlet, an evaporation cavity air outlet, a condensation cavity pipe, a condensate temporary storage cavity, a condensate receiving plate, a condensate collecting box, a liquid level sensor, a foam outlet, a foam collecting cavity, a foam filter plate, a blow-off pipe, a first concentrated salt seawater outlet and a second concentrated salt seawater outlet; the evaporation cavity water inlet is formed in one side wall of the evaporation cavity shell, the evaporation cavity water inlet is communicated with the outlet end of the seawater inlet pipe, the evaporation cavity air outlet is opened in the middle of the top wall of the evaporation cavity shell, a plurality of condensation cavity pipes (10 condensation cavity pipes are arranged on the inner top wall of the evaporation cavity shell at the two sides of the evaporation cavity air outlet, 5 condensation cavity pipes are arranged on the left side and the right side of the evaporation cavity shell in the embodiment), each condensation cavity pipe is arranged in an arc manner (a structure with the bottom end bent towards the center is shown in fig. 1), the top end of each condensation cavity pipe is communicated with a condensate temporary storage cavity, condensate is filled in the condensation cavity pipe, the condensate is filled into the condensation cavity pipe through the temporary storage cavity, the condensate is suspended at one end of the condensation cavity pipe, the condensation cavity pipe is communicated with a condensate collecting box, one end of the condensation cavity pipe is bent upwards, one end of the condensation pipe is arranged at one higher end (the middle part is higher than the other end of the condensation pipe, and the other end is arranged at the lower part of the condensation pipe and is arranged on the side wall of the evaporation cavity; the bottom wall of the evaporation cavity shell is provided with a first concentrated salt seawater outlet, the inner side wall of the evaporation cavity shell is provided with the liquid level sensor, the height of the liquid level sensor is 15-25% (for example, 16% in the embodiment) of the whole height of the inner side wall of the evaporation cavity shell (or 15-25% of the whole height of the inner side wall of the evaporation cavity shell is set as the threshold value of the liquid level sensor). The foam discharging port is arranged on the side wall of the evaporation cavity shell at the same horizontal position as the liquid level sensor, the foam discharging port is communicated with the inside of the evaporation cavity shell through one end of a pipeline, the other end of the pipeline is communicated with the foam collecting cavity, a foam filter plate is vertically arranged in the foam collecting cavity, the foam filter plate divides the foam collecting cavity into a sewage area and a filtering area, the sewage area is arranged in the area at the same side as the foam discharging port, a sewage draining pipe is arranged on the bottom wall of one side of the sewage area of the foam collecting cavity, and a second concentrated salt seawater discharging port is arranged on the bottom wall of one side of the filtering area of the foam collecting cavity.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the air vortex engine recycling device comprises a spiral air injection disc, a spiral air injection pipe, an air storage cavity, a high-temperature air pipe, a booster air pump, an air heat exchange cavity, an exhaust gas discharge port, an exhaust gas heat exchange pipe, an exhaust gas discharge port, a recycling air pipe, an air suction cover, an air prevention barrel, an air inlet guide plate, a wind turbine and a vortex generator; the spiral jet disc is arranged at the inner bottom of the evaporation cavity shell, as shown in fig. 2, the spiral jet disc is of a hollow circular ring structure, high-temperature air is filled in the spiral jet disc, the air inlet ends of 6 spiral jet tubes are communicated with the inside of the spiral jet disc through the inner side walls of the spiral jet disc, the nozzle ends of 6 spiral jet tubes spray high-temperature air towards the water body in the evaporation cavity shell, the spiral jet tubes are distributed at an angle of alpha=20 degrees with the inner side walls of the spiral jet disc, and physical virtual lines formed by connecting the central lines of the nozzle ends of all the spiral jet tubes are circular (namely, the length and the angle of each spiral jet tube are equal due to the circular ring structure of the spiral jet disc), and the structure is beneficial to forming a spiral structure of vortex with the water body and the air; as shown in fig. 1, the gas storage cavity is arranged at the outer bottom of the evaporation cavity shell, the top of the gas storage cavity is communicated with the bottom of the spiral air injection disk, one end of the high-temperature air pipe is communicated with the bottom of the gas storage cavity, the other end of the high-temperature air pipe is communicated with the bottom of the air heat exchange cavity, the booster air pump is arranged on the high-temperature air pipe, the waste gas heat exchange pipe is spirally arranged in the air heat exchange cavity in a spiral structure, one end of the waste gas heat exchange pipe is provided with a waste gas exhaust port, the other end of the waste gas heat exchange pipe is provided with a waste gas exhaust port, the waste gas exhaust port is communicated with industrial high-temperature waste gas, one end of the recovery air pipe is communicated with the top of the air heat exchange cavity, and the other end of the recovery air pipe is communicated with the top of the air suction cover; the utility model discloses a wind-proof type wind turbine, including evaporation chamber, evaporation chamber shell, wind-proof guide, condensing chamber, air inlet, air suction cover, air inlet guide, condensing chamber pipe (in order to be convenient for with condensate temporary storage cavity intercommunication, be fit for), the vertical upper end that sets up in evaporation chamber gas vent of wind-proof section of thick bamboo, and the bottom of wind-proof section of thick bamboo is linked together with evaporation chamber shell inside gas through evaporation chamber gas vent, as shown in fig. 1, the bottom of wind-proof section of thick bamboo is linked together with evaporation chamber gas vent fixed connection, the air inlet guide top is connected with the bottom of wind-proof section of thick bamboo, and the bottom arc outwards expands and forms big-end-up's inversion funnel structure, also is provided with 2 ~ 6 on wind-proof section of thick bamboo inner wall condensing chamber pipe (in order to be convenient for with condensate temporary storage cavity intercommunication), condensing chamber pipe's one end and condensate temporary storage cavity intercommunication, the other end arc upwards set up, be provided with wind turbine in wind turbine and wind-proof section of thick bamboo outside vortex generator through gear set up (gear set generally including gear pair, gear shaft, speed reducer etc.) in the gear set up. As shown in fig. 1, the spiral jet disc is arranged right below the exhaust port of the evaporation cavity. In order to enhance heat exchange, the volume of the exhaust gas heat exchange tube is set to be 81% of the volume of the air heat exchange cavity, namely, the exhaust gas heat exchange tube is filled as much as possible, and more air pumps are required to do work, but the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
In this embodiment, 6 spiral air jets are also disposed obliquely to the bottom wall of the evaporation chamber housing at the same time, and form an angle of 20 ° to 35 ° with the bottom wall of the evaporation chamber housing (for example, this embodiment may be set to 22 °, while the angle between the spiral air jets and the spiral air jet tray may be adjusted to, for example, 20 ° in this embodiment after the angle is disposed with the bottom wall, while in other embodiments where there is no angle with the bottom wall, the angle may be adjusted to, for example, 19 °) such that the nozzle ends of the 6 spiral air jets jet high temperature air obliquely upward.
As shown in fig. 1, the air-proof cylinder is a cylinder structure which is opened up and down, the air suction cover is an inverted funnel structure with a small top and a large bottom, a gap is provided between the bottom end of the air suction cover and the top end of the air-proof cylinder, the air suction cover and the air-proof cylinder are coaxially arranged (physical virtual shafts, namely, the centers of the cross sections of the two are at the same vertical position), and in order to further recycle as much hot air as possible, in other embodiments, the diameter of the bottom end of the air suction cover is larger than that of the air-proof cylinder.
In other embodiments, in order to further recover the waste heat of the condensate, a preheating pipeline is disposed in the recovery air pipe, an inlet end and an outlet end of the preheating pipeline are both communicated with the condensate temporary storage cavity, the inlet end of the preheating pipeline is used for sucking the condensate discharged from the condensation cavity pipe into the preheating pipeline, the outlet end of the preheating pipeline is used for discharging the condensate in the preheating pipeline into the condensate temporary storage cavity (not shown in the figure), that is, the inlet end of the preheating pipeline is communicated with the condensation cavity pipe, and the outlet end of the preheating pipeline returns to the condensate temporary storage cavity, so that the condensate absorbing a large amount of heat in the gasification process after the condensation operation directly heats up and exchanges heat with air, and then enters the condensate temporary storage cavity for treatment.
In the use process, the seawater inlet water pump sucks seawater through the seawater inlet pipe, the seawater flows onto the heat conduction through hole plate, heat exchange and temperature rise are carried out through direct contact with the heat conduction through hole plate, the heat absorption ring gathers sunlight through the hemispherical reflectors to realize energy collection, the heat conduction through hole plate is used for realizing the energy conduction to the seawater, and the temperature of the seawater can basically reach about 35-45 ℃. Then, seawater enters the evaporation cavity, and when the water level reaches the height of the water inlet of the evaporation cavity, the water inlet of the evaporation cavity is closed; the sea water in the evaporating cavity is evaporated and condensed under the further heating of hot air, the condensed water continuously enters the condensed water collecting box to collect, the hot air which is sprayed in a rotating way not only regularly stirs the sea water to form vortex, but also gives tangential force to the discharged air to form gas vortex, thereby realizing the power generation of the vortex engine in the wind prevention barrel right above, the air discharged from the top still has certain heat, an air suction cover is arranged above the wind prevention barrel to recycle as much hot air into a recycling air pipe, and because a gap (generally about 20-50 cm) is arranged between the wind prevention barrel and the air suction cover, the power generation effect of the vortex engine is not affected, the temperature of the air is greatly improved (for example, about 120 ℃ or higher) by carrying out heat exchange with high-temperature industrial waste gas in the air heat exchange cavity before the waste heat air returns to the bottom to be sprayed, and the high-temperature air is sprayed out spirally through a nozzle of a bottom spiral pipe. After the liquid level of the seawater in the evaporation cavity is lowered to a threshold position set by a liquid level sensor (for example, 16% of the total height of the inner side wall of the evaporation cavity shell in the embodiment), a foam discharge port is opened, foam on the surface layer of the liquid level enters the foam collection cavity through the foam discharge port, the filtered seawater is filtered and broken through the foam filter plate, impurities are discharged through a sewage drain pipe, and filtered seawater passes through a second concentrated salt seawater discharge port; then the first concentrated salt seawater outlet is opened, after the residual seawater in the evaporating cavity is 2-5%, the water inlet of the evaporating cavity is opened again, the still and further solar heated seawater (the temperature of the partial seawater can reach 55-80 ℃ at the moment) is discharged into the evaporating cavity, a new round of evaporating-condensing-generating operation is started, and the process is repeated to obtain the desalted seawater.
Claims (10)
1. The efficient energy-saving seawater desalination device is characterized by comprising a solar preheating device, an evaporation condensing device and an air vortex engine recycling device;
the solar preheating device comprises a seawater inlet pipe, a seawater inlet water pump, a heat absorption ring, a heat conduction through hole plate and a hemispherical reflector, wherein the hemispherical reflector is a hemispherical or hemispherical shell, a concave reflecting mirror surface is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, an opening of the hemispherical reflector is upward, the inlet end of the seawater inlet pipe is communicated with seawater, the seawater inlet water pump for sucking seawater is arranged on the seawater inlet pipe, the heat absorption ring is arranged at the position of the seawater inlet pipe, which is positioned at the physical center of the hemispherical reflector, the heat absorption ring is integrally in a hollow sphere structure with an upper opening and a lower opening, the side wall of the heat absorption ring is transparent high-temperature resistant glass, the seawater inlet pipe penetrates through the heat absorption ring through the upper opening and the lower opening of the heat absorption ring, the heat conduction through hole plate is horizontally arranged in the heat absorption ring, and the heat conduction through hole plate is a densely arranged through hole plate which is arranged by using a heat conduction material and is used for heating the passed seawater;
the evaporation condensing device comprises an evaporation cavity shell, an evaporation cavity water inlet, an evaporation cavity exhaust port, a condensation cavity pipe, a condensate temporary storage cavity, a condensate receiving plate, a condensate collecting box, a liquid level sensor, a foam exhaust port, a foam collecting cavity, a foam filter plate, a blow-off pipe, a first concentrated salt seawater exhaust port and a second concentrated salt seawater exhaust port; the evaporation cavity water inlet is formed in one side wall of the evaporation cavity shell, the evaporation cavity water inlet is communicated with the outlet end of the seawater inlet pipe, the evaporation cavity exhaust port is opened in the middle of the top wall of the evaporation cavity shell, a plurality of condensation cavity pipes are arranged on the inner top wall of the evaporation cavity shell at the positions of two sides of the evaporation cavity exhaust port, each condensation cavity pipe is arranged in an arc shape, the top end of each condensation cavity pipe is communicated with a condensate temporary storage cavity, condensate is filled in the condensation cavity pipe, the condensate is filled in the condensation cavity pipe through the condensate temporary storage cavity and is replaced in real time, a condensate receiving plate is arranged below the condensation cavity pipe, one end of the condensate receiving plate is suspended, the other end of the condensate receiving plate is connected with the inner side wall of the evaporation cavity shell and is communicated with a condensate collecting box, one end of the condensate receiving plate suspended is bent upwards in an arc shape, the condensate receiving plate is obliquely arranged, and one suspended end is a higher end, and the condensate collecting box is arranged on the outer side wall of the evaporation cavity shell; the bottom wall of the evaporation cavity shell is provided with a first concentrated salt seawater outlet, the inner side wall of the evaporation cavity shell is provided with a liquid level sensor, the side wall of the evaporation cavity shell at the same horizontal position as the liquid level sensor is provided with a foam outlet, one end of the foam outlet is communicated with the inside of the evaporation cavity shell through a pipeline, the other end of the pipeline is communicated with a foam collecting cavity, the foam collecting cavity is vertically provided with a foam filter plate, the foam filter plate divides the foam collecting cavity into a sewage area and a filtering area, the area at the same side as the foam outlet is a sewage area, the bottom wall at one side of the sewage area of the foam collecting cavity is provided with a sewage drain pipe, and the bottom wall at one side of the filtering area of the foam collecting cavity is provided with a second concentrated salt seawater outlet;
the air vortex engine recycling device comprises a spiral jet disc, a spiral jet tube, an air storage cavity, a high-temperature air tube, a booster air pump, an air heat exchange cavity, an exhaust gas exhaust inlet, an exhaust gas heat exchange tube, an exhaust gas outlet, a recovery air tube, an air suction cover, an air prevention barrel, an air inlet guide plate, a wind turbine and a vortex generator; the spiral jet disc is arranged at the inner bottom of the evaporation cavity shell, the spiral jet disc is of a hollow circular ring structure, high-temperature air is filled in the spiral jet disc, the air inlet ends of a plurality of spiral jet pipes are communicated with the inside of the spiral jet disc through the inner side walls of the spiral jet disc, the nozzle ends of the spiral jet pipes spray high-temperature air towards the water body in the evaporation cavity shell, the spiral jet pipes are distributed at an alpha angle with the inner side walls of the spiral jet disc, and physical virtual lines formed by connecting the central lines of the nozzle ends of all the spiral jet pipes are circular; the air storage cavity is arranged at the outer bottom of the evaporation cavity shell, the top of the air storage cavity is communicated with the bottom of the spiral air injection disc, one end of the high-temperature air pipe is communicated with the bottom of the air storage cavity, the other end of the high-temperature air pipe is communicated with the bottom of the air heat exchange cavity, the booster air pump is arranged on the high-temperature air pipe, the waste gas heat exchange pipe is spirally arranged in the air heat exchange cavity in a spiral structure, one end of the waste gas heat exchange pipe is provided with a waste gas exhaust port, the other end of the waste gas heat exchange pipe is provided with a waste gas exhaust port, the waste gas exhaust port is communicated with industrial high-temperature waste gas, one end of the recovery air pipe is communicated with the top of the air heat exchange cavity, and the other end of the recovery air pipe is communicated with the top of the air suction cover; the wind-proof cylinder is vertically arranged at the upper end of the exhaust port of the evaporation cavity, the bottom end of the wind-proof cylinder is communicated with the gas in the evaporation cavity shell through the exhaust port of the evaporation cavity, the top of the wind-inlet guide plate is connected with the bottom end of the wind-proof cylinder, the bottom arc expands outwards to form an inverted funnel structure with a small upper part and a large lower part, the inner wall of the wind-proof cylinder is also provided with a plurality of condensation cavity pipes, one end of the condensation cavity pipe is communicated with the condensate temporary storage cavity, the other end of the condensation cavity pipe is arranged upwards in an arc shape, a wind turbine is arranged above the condensation cavity pipe inside the wind prevention cylinder, the wind turbine is indirectly connected with a vortex generator arranged outside the wind prevention cylinder through a gear set, and an air suction cover is arranged right above the wind prevention cylinder.
2. The efficient and energy-saving seawater desalination plant of claim 1, wherein the liquid level sensor is arranged at a height position which is 15-25% of the total height of the inner side wall of the evaporation cavity shell.
3. A high efficiency energy saving sea water desalinating apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein said α has a value of 13-25 °.
4. The efficient and energy-saving seawater desalination plant of claim 1, wherein the plurality of helical air jets are disposed obliquely to the bottom wall of the evaporation chamber housing and at an angle of 20-35 ° to the bottom wall of the evaporation chamber housing, such that the nozzle ends of the plurality of helical air jets jet high temperature air obliquely upward.
5. The energy efficient desalination apparatus of claim 1, wherein the spiral jet tray is positioned directly below the evaporation chamber exhaust port.
6. The energy efficient desalination apparatus of claim 1, wherein the volume of the waste heat exchange tube is 68-82% of the volume of the air heat exchange chamber.
7. The energy efficient desalination apparatus of claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas outlet is in communication with an industrial exhaust gas cryogenic adsorption apparatus.
8. The efficient and energy-saving sea water desalination device of claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the air prevention cylinder is fixedly connected with the evaporation cavity exhaust port.
9. The efficient and energy-saving sea water desalting device according to claim 1, wherein the air-proof cylinder is of a cylinder structure which is opened up and down, the air suction cover is of an inverted funnel structure with a small upper part and a large lower part, a gap is arranged between the bottom end of the air suction cover and the top end of the air-proof cylinder, and the air suction cover and the air-proof cylinder are coaxially arranged.
10. The efficient and energy-saving seawater desalination apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein a preheating pipe is provided in the recovery air pipe, an inlet end and an outlet end of the preheating pipe are both communicated with the condensate temporary storage chamber, the inlet end of the preheating pipe is used for sucking condensate discharged from the condensation chamber pipe into the preheating pipe, and the outlet end of the preheating pipe is used for discharging condensate in the preheating pipe into the condensate temporary storage chamber.
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Effective date of registration: 20230109 Address after: Building 1, No.2 A, Yinjiang Road, Licang District, Qingdao, Shandong 266000 Applicant after: Qingdao Seawater Desalination Co.,Ltd. Address before: 266000 No.2, Yinjiang Road, Licang District, Qingdao City, Shandong Province Applicant before: QINGDAO BAIFA SEAWATER DESALINATION CO.,LTD. |
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