CN115443753A - Saline-alkali soil dewatering method and system - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil dewatering method and system Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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Abstract
A method for dewatering saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps: determining the depth of the needed precipitation according to the precipitation requirement of the target land parcel; determining a target aquifer for discharging salt, which is positioned underground of the target plot, according to the depth of precipitation and the topography and geology of the target plot; drilling a hole from the earth surface of a target land block to a target aquifer to form a well, inserting a first guide pipe with a water permeable hole into the well, injecting a filter material into the first guide pipe, excavating a working pit to the target aquifer, and pushing a second guide pipe into the target aquifer at the position of the target land block through pipe jacking equipment, wherein the pipe wall of the second guide pipe is provided with the water permeable hole for enabling the target aquifer to enter the second guide pipe; and injecting a filter material into the second guide pipe to fill the second guide pipe with the filter material to prevent the second guide pipe from aging and collapsing, and rapidly draining the water in the target aquifer to an area outside the target land mass through the second guide pipe filled with the filter material. The invention also provides a saline-alkali soil dewatering system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a method and a system for dewatering saline-alkali soil.
Background
The saline-alkali soil is a kind of accumulated salt, which refers to a soil type that salt content affects normal growth of crops, is an important land resource, is a soil type widely distributed on the earth, occupies about 25% of the total land area, accounts for about 9.5 hundred million hectares in total, and is about 1 hundred million hectares in China.
Saline-alkali soil is high in salt content and not suitable for plant growth, and the occupied area is large, so that how to develop and utilize the saline-alkali soil and greening the saline-alkali soil becomes an important subject of current research. At present, the treatment measures for saline-alkali soil at home and abroad mainly comprise: 1. water conservancy measures: the method comprises salt discharge, salt washing, irrigation and the like, and the measures have the defect of reducing the contents of nutrient elements and trace elements such as P, fe, mn, zn and the like in the soil; 2. agricultural measures are as follows: the method comprises the steps of land leveling, deep ploughing and upturned soil sunning, improvement farming, soil dressing, fertilization, seeding, crop rotation, mulching and the like, and the measures have the problems of large engineering quantity, high cost and incapability of radical treatment; 3. chemical measures are as follows: the method comprises the steps of applying gypsum, phosphogypsum, calcium sulfite, calcium superphosphate and the like, but the salt pressing effect of the method is difficult to consolidate; 4. biological improvement measures are as follows: the method comprises the steps of planting salt-tolerant plants, green manure and the like, has high requirements on early treatment, is suitable for implementation of biological measures only by improving saline-alkali soil to mild saline-alkali soil, and has long construction period and slow effect.
For the first measure, for example, the chinese patent with patent number 201010601686.1, named as a long-acting treatment method for changing saline-alkali soil into fertile farmland, provides a solution: digging a deep pit in the saline-alkali soil, forming a salt and alkali discharging filler layer by filling the filler buried at the bottom of the dug deep pit, digging a salt and alkali discharging ditch communicated with the underground salt and alkali discharging filler layer, and striking Qileng on the periphery of the salt and alkali discharging ditch to discharge salt and alkali by natural rainfall or irrigating the whole saline-alkali soil.
Another solution is given to the first measure, for example, in patent No. 201210572869.4, a chinese patent named a method and apparatus for improving and treating saline-alkali soil: and sand materials with different grain sizes are injected into the position 10-20cm below the plough layer of the saline-alkali soil at one time to form at least one fine sand pulse filtering layer distributed in a linear shape, along with the reduction of the water level, salt in the saline-alkali soil gradually flows to the fine sand pulse filtering layer, is concentrated by the fine sand pulse filtering layer and then flows into a water collecting well communicated with the fine sand pulse filtering layer, and then water in the water collecting well is discharged.
The technical idea of the prior art is that a groove is directly dug on the ground surface, the sandstone filler easy to drain is arranged in the groove, when water in the saline-alkali soil flows to the sandstone filler in the groove, the water brings salt in the saline-alkali soil into the sandstone filler easy to drain, and then the sandstone filler leads the water containing salt into an alkali-draining ditch/well to be drained. The above prior art has the following problems: the method is characterized in that 55-70% of deep pits are dug for land blocks with the area of more than or equal to 5 mu in saline-alkali soil, the depth of each deep pit is 90-120 cm and must be higher than the underground water level, all the saline-alkali soil with the area of less than or equal to 5 mu is dug into the deep pits, the construction amount is large, the problem of pit wall collapse is prevented, and the bottom of each dug deep pit needs to be pre-filled with filler with the thickness of 40-45cm, so that the method is difficult to effectively popularize for large backgrounds of million hectares in China which need to be reformed; when the sand-gravel packing is used for cultivating fields, the fields need to be deeply ploughed every year, and the sand-gravel packing arranged in the grooves is easily damaged and loses the salt elimination effect.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need for a saline-alkali land dewatering system which is easy to popularize and is not affected by deep ploughing.
It is also necessary to provide a method for dewatering the saline-alkali soil, which is easy to popularize and is not influenced by ploughing and deep ploughing.
A method for dewatering saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
determining the depth of the needed precipitation according to the precipitation requirement of the target land parcel;
determining a target aquifer for discharging salt, which is positioned underground of the target plot, according to the depth of precipitation and the topography and geology of the target plot;
drilling a hole from the ground surface of a target plot to a target aquifer to form a well, and inserting a first guide pipe into the well, wherein a water permeable hole is formed in the pipe wall of the first guide pipe;
injecting a filter material into the first guide pipe to prevent the first guide pipe from aging and collapsing by filling the guide pipe with the filter material, and rapidly draining accumulated water in a soil layer above a target aquifer of the target land block and on the ground to the target aquifer where the target land block is located through the first guide pipe filled with the filter material;
excavating a working pit to a target aquifer, and jacking a second guide pipe into the target aquifer at the position of a target land block through pipe jacking equipment, wherein the pipe wall of the second guide pipe is provided with a water permeable hole for enabling the target aquifer to enter the second guide pipe;
and injecting a filter material into the second guide pipe to fill the second guide pipe with the filter material to prevent the second guide pipe from aging and collapsing, and rapidly draining the water in the target aquifer to an area outside the target land mass through the second guide pipe filled with the filter material.
A saline-alkali soil precipitation system is arranged in a target land parcel needing precipitation and comprises a rapid soil ponding drainage device, a confluence well and a target aquifer accelerated drainage device which are arranged in the target land parcel; the rapid drainage device for the accumulated soil is arranged in soil in a target plot from top to bottom, and a lower port of the rapid drainage device for the accumulated soil is positioned in a target aquifer which is arranged underground in the target plot and is used for discharging salt; the confluence well is arranged in the target land, and the depth of the confluence well corresponds to the depth of the target aquifer; the target aquifer accelerated drainage device is arranged in the target aquifer, one end of the target aquifer accelerated drainage device is communicated with the confluence well, and the lower port of the rapid soil ponding drainage device is close to the pipe wall of the target aquifer accelerated drainage device; the soil ponding rapid drainage device is used for rapidly draining ponding in a soil layer above a target aquifer of a target land mass and on the ground to the target aquifer where the target land mass is located; the target aquifer accelerated drainage device is used for quickly draining water in the target aquifer to the confluence well.
According to the saline-alkali soil precipitation method and the saline-alkali soil precipitation system, a target aquifer which is located underground of a target plot and used for salt elimination is determined according to the depth of precipitation and the topography and geology of the target plot; drilling a hole from the ground surface of a target plot to a target aquifer to form a well, and inserting a first guide pipe into the well, wherein a water permeable hole is formed in the pipe wall of the first guide pipe; injecting a filter material into the first guide pipe to prevent the first guide pipe from aging and collapsing by filling the guide pipe with the filter material, and rapidly draining accumulated water in a soil layer above a target aquifer of the target land block and on the ground to the target aquifer where the target land block is located through the first guide pipe filled with the filter material; excavating a working pit to a target aquifer, and pushing a second guide pipe into the target aquifer at the position of a target plot through pipe jacking equipment, wherein a water-permeable hole for enabling the target aquifer to enter the second guide pipe is formed in the pipe wall of the second guide pipe; injecting the filter material into the second guide tube, prevent the ageing collapse of second guide tube with utilizing the filter material to fill the second guide tube, and the second guide tube through being filled with the filter material drains the region outside the target parcel fast with the water in the target aquifer, so, in the soil layer more than the target aquifer of target parcel through the first guide tube that is filled with the filter material, subaerial ponding drains the target aquifer that the target parcel is located fast, push into the target aquifer with the second guide tube top, establish the fast passageway of rivers for the target aquifer, the water that will reach the target aquifer drains by the drainage fast that drains, realize effective precipitation, so need not dig the slot from the earth's surface, it is little to move the native construction volume, only need consider in the cultivation process of turning deeply and avoid first guide tube can, can not play the destruction effect to the second guide tube, and then guarantee to last precipitation effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a saline-alkali soil dewatering system according to a preferred embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the saline-alkali soil dewatering system in fig. 1 from the above ground perspective.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the first guide tube.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the second guide tube.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a third guide tube.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fourth guide tube.
In the figure: the device comprises a target land mass 20, a rapid soil ponding drainage device 30, a first guide pipe 31, a water permeable hole 310, a filter material 32, a confluence well 40, a target aquifer accelerated drainage device 50, a second guide pipe 51, a water permeable hole 510, a filter material 52, a target aquifer 60, a vacuum negative pressure precipitation device 70, a third guide pipe 71, a through hole 710, a water pumping device 72, a water seepage and pressurizing device 80, a fourth guide pipe 81, a through hole 810, an air compressor 82 and a water interception wall 90.
Detailed Description
The application provides a saline-alkali soil precipitation system which is arranged in a target land parcel 20 needing precipitation and comprises a soil ponding rapid drainage device 30, a confluence well 40 and a target aquifer accelerated drainage device 50 which are arranged in the target land parcel 20; the rapid drainage device 30 for the accumulated soil water is arranged in the soil in the target land parcel 20 from top to bottom, and the lower port of the rapid drainage device 30 for the accumulated soil water is positioned in a target aquifer 60 which is arranged underground of the target land parcel 20 and is used for discharging salt; the confluence well 40 is disposed in the target parcel 20, and a depth of the confluence well 40 corresponds to a depth of the target aquifer 60; the target aquifer accelerated drainage device 50 is arranged in the target aquifer 60, one end of the target aquifer accelerated drainage device 50 is communicated with the confluence well 40, and the lower port of the rapid soil ponding drainage device 30 is close to the pipe wall of the target aquifer accelerated drainage device 50; the rapid drainage device 30 for the soil ponding is used for rapidly draining the ponding in the soil layer above the target aquifer 60 of the target land mass 20 and on the ground to the target aquifer where the target land mass 20 is located; the target aquifer accelerated drainage device 50 is used for quickly draining water in the target aquifer 60 to the confluence well 40.
The rapid drainage device 30 for the soil ponding comprises a first guide pipe 31 and a filter material 32, wherein a water permeable hole 310 is formed in the pipe wall of the first guide pipe 31; the filter material 32 is disposed in the first guide pipe 31; the target aquifer acceleration drainage device 50 comprises a second guide pipe 51 and a filter material 52, a water permeable hole 510 for allowing the target aquifer to enter the second guide pipe 51 is formed in the pipe wall of the second guide pipe 51, and the filter material 52 is arranged in the second guide pipe 51; the filtering material 52 is any one of or a combination of washed sand and rice grain stone.
Furthermore, the outer walls of the first guide pipe 31 and the second guide pipe 51 are wound by nylon yarns, and the bound outer wall of the nylon yarns is fixedly provided with a strip-shaped object which has the same extending direction as the first guide pipe 31 and the second guide pipe 51 and is used for enhancing the permeation effect; the orifice of the first end of the second guide tube 51 communicating with the confluence well 40 is partially blocked to prevent the filter media 52 from flowing out of the second guide tube 50 into the confluence well 40 along with the water.
Further, the saline-alkali soil precipitation system 10 further comprises a vacuum negative pressure precipitation device 70 and a water seepage and pressurizing device 80, wherein the vacuum negative pressure precipitation device 70 comprises a third guide pipe 71 and a water pumping device 72, a through hole 710 for water and air permeation is formed in the pipe wall, close to the target aquifer 60, of the third guide pipe 71, a pipe wall, provided with the through hole 710, of the third guide pipe 71 is wound by nylon yarn and is bound by nylon yarn, and the water pumping device 72 is arranged in the third guide pipe 71 so as to realize negative pressure precipitation by using the water pumping device 72; the water seepage pressurizing device 80 comprises a fourth guide pipe 81 and an air compressor 82, a through hole 810 for water and air permeation is formed in the pipe wall of one end, close to the target aquifer 60, of the fourth guide pipe 81, the other end of the fourth guide pipe 81 is connected with the air compressor 82, so that air with pressure is pumped into the fourth guide pipe 81 through the air compressor 82, then enters the soil through the through hole 810 of the fourth guide pipe 81, and the soil is dredged through the air with pressure, for example, the saline stains in the soil are dispersed, so that the accumulated water in the soil is dissolved in the discrete saline stains, and then the water smoothly flows in the soil under the action of gravity; wherein, the pipe diameter of the third guide pipe 71 is larger than that of the fourth guide pipe 81, and when the water pumping device 72 arranged in the third guide pipe 71 performs negative pressure precipitation, the air compressor 82 works and inputs air with pressure into the fourth guide pipe 81, so that accumulated water in the soil smoothly flows into the third guide pipe 71 under the combined action of gravity and the negative pressure environment in the third guide pipe 71, and then enters a target aquifer.
Further, the saline-alkali soil dewatering system 10 further comprises a water interception wall 90, wherein the water interception wall 90 is formed by high-pressure jet grouting piles, adjacent high-pressure jet grouting piles are arranged in quincuncial piles, and the distance between the adjacent high-pressure jet grouting piles is 200-400 mm; the rapid drainage device for the accumulated soil and the accelerated drainage device for the target aquifer are also arranged on one side of the cutoff wall, which is far away from the target land parcel; the target aquifer acceleration drainage device is parallel to the cutoff wall 90, and the length of the target aquifer acceleration drainage device 50 is not less than the length of the cutoff wall 90. In this way, the cutoff wall 90 is provided in the water supply direction of the target aquifer 60 of the target plot 20 to block the water supply direction of the target aquifer of the target plot 20 and to guide the water in the water supply direction so as not to enter the target aquifer 60 at the position of the target plot 20, thereby improving the precipitation efficiency of the target plot.
Further, the application provides a saline-alkali soil dewatering method, which comprises the following steps:
determining the depth of the needed precipitation according to the precipitation requirement of the target land parcel;
determining a target aquifer for discharging salt, which is positioned underground of the target land parcel, according to the depth of the precipitation and the topography and geology of the target land parcel;
drilling a hole from the ground surface of a target plot to a target aquifer to form a well, and inserting a first guide pipe into the well, wherein a water permeable hole is formed in the pipe wall of the first guide pipe; in the step, an included angle is formed between the well and the ground, so that the length of the first guide pipe in the soil is increased, and more water in the soil enters the first guide pipe; the filter material is any one of or the combination of the washed sand and the rice granolites. Of course, in other embodiments, the hoistway may be perpendicular to the ground.
Injecting a filter material into the first guide pipe to prevent the first guide pipe from aging and collapsing by filling the guide pipe with the filter material, and rapidly draining accumulated water in a soil layer above a target aquifer of the target land block and on the ground to the target aquifer where the target land block is located through the first guide pipe filled with the filter material;
excavating a working pit to a target aquifer, and jacking a second guide pipe into the target aquifer at the position of a target land block through pipe jacking equipment, wherein the pipe wall of the second guide pipe is provided with a water permeable hole for enabling the target aquifer to enter the second guide pipe; the working pit has enough space and working surface to ensure the pipe laying, jacking equipment installation and operation space, and the pit bottom length and width dimensions can be calculated according to the following formula: the bottom width W = D + (2.4-3.2), wherein W-the bottom width (m) of the working pit, D-is jacked into the outer diameter (m) of the pipe; the bottom length L = L1+ L2+ L3+ L4+ L5, where L-pit bottom length (m); after the L1-pipe is pushed in, the tail end of the L1-pipe is pressed on the guide rail to the minimum length, and the concrete pipe is generally reserved for 0.3m. L2-length of each section of pipe (m); l3-unearthed working gap, determined according to the unearthed tool, generally 1.0-1.5 m; l4-jack length (m), L5-back to the thickness (m) of the working pit. And considering that a concrete wall is adopted at the back in the pit, a steel plate is paved on a stress surface, and cement slurry is poured behind the wall for reinforcement. The pipe jacking process is a complex mechanical process, and relates to a plurality of subjects such as material mechanics, rock-soil mechanics, hydromechanics, elastoplasticity and the like. The fundamental problem of the calculation of the jacking pipes is to estimate the thrust and the back bearing capacity of the jacking pipes. The thrust of the jacking pipe is the resistance of the pipe in the jacking process, and comprises a positive soil cutting pressure of the tool pipe, pipe wall friction resistance and gas-water pressure of the tool pipe:
firstly, positive soil cutting pressure of a tool pipe: the soil density, the water content of the soil layer, the shape of the tool pipe grid and the soil digging condition in the pipe are related. According to the relevant engineering statistics, the soft soil layer is generally 20-30t/m2, and the hard soil layer is generally 30-60t/m2. When the soil property is better when the soil property is more than 40t/m < 2 >, the grid can be eliminated, and an open type tool pipe is adopted.
F1=S1×K
Wherein: f1- -positive pipe resistance (t), S1- -positive pipe area (m 2), K- - -positive pipe resistance coefficient (t/m 2)
The wall friction resistance is: the pipe wall is related to the friction coefficient between soils and the pressure of the soils. According to the relevant engineering statistics, the frictional resistance of the pipe wall is generally between 100 and 500kg/m 2. The measures for reducing the frictional resistance of the tube wall are: the mud sleeve is added between the pipe wall and the soil to reduce the resistance, so that the outer wall of the pipe is regular in shape and smooth in surface, the turning of the pipeline is reduced, and the like.
Thirdly, balancing pressure of muddy water: the method is an important method for preventing mud and sand from flowing in by adding mud water pressure to balance the underground water pressure in a closed mud flushing cabin. The pressure of the muddy water must be reasonable. When the pressure is too low, a large amount of mud and sand gushes in to cause road surface damage, and when the pressure is too high, the load of the main jack is increased, and the roof fall phenomenon can be generated seriously. The muddy water equilibrium pressure resistance was calculated as follows: f3= D2 XP/4
F3, pipe jacking slurry resistance (t), D, pipe jacking outer diameter (m), and P, namely pipe jacking slurry maximum pressure (t/m 2), wherein when the maximum one-time jacking distance is 53m, the total resistance of the pipe jacking is the sum of the three resistances: f = F1+ F2+ F3; and (4) considering the complexity and unforeseeable factors of underground engineering, the pipe jacking equipment has 2 times of capacity storage, and the jacking capacity of the equipment is undetermined.
And injecting a filter material into the second guide pipe to fill the second guide pipe with the filter material to prevent the second guide pipe from aging and collapsing, and rapidly draining the water in the target aquifer to an area outside the target land mass through the second guide pipe filled with the filter material.
Wherein, when pushing into the target aquifer with the second guiding tube top, the both ends of second guiding tube are the opening, and wherein "pour into the filter material to the second guiding tube" specifically do: flushing the second guide pipe from one end of the second guide pipe exposed out of the working pit by using a high-pressure pump so as to discharge silt in the second guide pipe; injecting a filter material from one end of the second guide pipe exposed out of the working pit; and after the filter material is injected, partially plugging the pipe orifice of one end of the second guide pipe exposed out of the working pit so as to prevent the filter material from flowing out of the second guide pipe along with water.
In the saline-alkali soil precipitation method, the outer walls of the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe are wound by nylon yarns, and nylon threads are bound to prevent sludge from entering the pipes to block the pipes. The outer walls of the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe are wound by nylon yarns, the nylon yarns are wound on the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe after the nylon yarns are bound, and strips with the same permeation enhancing effect as the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe in the extending direction are fixedly arranged on the outer walls of the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe after the nylon yarns are bound. The strip-shaped objects are tied into bamboo boards or bamboo poles, and the strip-shaped objects, the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe are fixed together by nylon yarn winding and nylon thread tying.
Further, the saline-alkali soil dewatering method further comprises the following steps: vacuum negative pressure precipitation, which comprises the following steps: drilling a hole from the ground surface of the target land parcel to a target aquifer to form a well, inserting a third guide pipe into the well, wherein a through hole for water and air permeation is formed in the pipe wall of the third guide pipe close to the target aquifer, the pipe wall of the third guide pipe with the through hole is wound by nylon yarn and is bound by nylon threads, and a water pumping device is arranged in the third guide pipe to realize negative pressure precipitation by utilizing the water pumping device.
Further, the saline-alkali soil dewatering method further comprises the following steps: water seepage and pressing; the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of drilling a hole from the ground surface of a target land parcel to a target aquifer to form a well, inserting a fourth guide pipe into the well, wherein a through hole for water and air permeation is formed in the pipe wall, close to the target aquifer, of the fourth guide pipe, the other end of the fourth guide pipe is connected with an air compressor, air with pressure is driven into the fourth guide pipe through the air compressor, then the air enters soil through the through hole of the fourth guide pipe, the air with pressure is used for dredging the soil, and therefore accumulated water in the soil can flow smoothly in the soil under the action of gravity.
The vacuum negative pressure precipitation step and the water seepage and pressurizing step can be carried out simultaneously, so that the flowing speed of the accumulated water in the soil to a target aquifer is increased, and the permeability of the soil is improved. For example, the pipe diameter of the third guide pipe is larger than that of the fourth guide pipe, and when a water pumping device arranged in the third guide pipe performs negative pressure precipitation, the air compressor works and inputs air with pressure into the fourth guide pipe, so that accumulated water in soil smoothly flows into the third guide pipe under the combined action of gravity and a negative pressure environment in the third guide pipe, and meanwhile, the air with pressure is used for dispersing salt stains in the soil, so that the dispersed salt stains are dissolved by the accumulated water and then enter a target aquifer.
Further, the saline-alkali soil dewatering method further comprises the following steps: setting a cut-off wall on a land block which is adjacent to and higher than the target land block, wherein the cut-off wall is formed by adopting high-pressure jet grouting piles, the adjacent high-pressure jet grouting piles are arranged by adopting quincuncial piles, and the distance between the adjacent high-pressure jet grouting piles is 200-400 mm; drilling a hole from the ground surface of the target land to a target aquifer on one side of the water interception wall, which is far away from the target land, so as to form a well, and inserting a first guide pipe into the well, wherein a water permeable hole is formed in the pipe wall of the first guide pipe; injecting a filter material into the first guide pipe to prevent the first guide pipe from aging and collapsing by utilizing the filter material filling guide pipe, and rapidly draining the accumulated water in the soil layer above the target aquifer of the target plot and on the ground to the target aquifer where the target plot is located through the first guide pipe filled with the filter material; excavating a working pit to a target aquifer, and jacking a second guide pipe into the target aquifer at the position of a target land block through pipe jacking equipment, wherein the pipe wall of the second guide pipe is provided with a water permeable hole for enabling the target aquifer to enter the second guide pipe; and injecting a filter material into the second guide pipe to fill the second guide pipe with the filter material to prevent the second guide pipe from aging and collapsing, and rapidly draining the water in the target aquifer to an area outside the target land parcel through the second guide pipe filled with the filter material. In the step, a water intercepting wall is arranged in the water incoming direction of the target aquifer of the target land parcel to block the water incoming direction of the target aquifer of the target land parcel, and the water in the water incoming direction is guided away and does not enter the target aquifer at the position of the target land parcel, so that the precipitation efficiency of the target land parcel is improved.
Claims (14)
1. A saline-alkali soil precipitation system is arranged in a target land block needing precipitation, and is characterized in that: the system comprises a rapid soil ponding drainage device, a confluence well and a target aquifer accelerated drainage device which are arranged in a target land block; the rapid drainage device for the accumulated soil water is arranged in soil in a target land block from top to bottom, and a lower port of the rapid drainage device for the accumulated soil water is positioned in a target aquifer which is arranged underground in the target land block and used for discharging salt; the confluence well is arranged in the target land, and the depth of the confluence well corresponds to the depth of the target aquifer; the target aquifer accelerated drainage device is arranged in the target aquifer, one end of the target aquifer accelerated drainage device is communicated with the confluence well, and the lower port of the soil ponding rapid drainage device is close to the pipe wall of the target aquifer accelerated drainage device; the soil ponding rapid drainage device is used for rapidly draining ponding in a soil layer above a target aquifer of a target land block and on the ground to the target aquifer where the target land block is located; the target aquifer accelerated drainage device is used for quickly draining water in the target aquifer to the confluence well.
2. The saline-alkali soil dewatering system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the rapid drainage device for the accumulated soil comprises a first guide pipe and a filter material, wherein a water permeable hole is formed in the pipe wall of the first guide pipe; the filter material is arranged in the first guide pipe; the target aquifer accelerated drainage device comprises a second guide pipe and a filter material, a water permeable hole for allowing the target aquifer to enter the second guide pipe is formed in the pipe wall of the second guide pipe, and the filter material is arranged in the second guide pipe; the filter material is any one of or the combination of the washed sand and the rice granolites.
3. The saline-alkali soil dewatering system as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the outer walls of the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe are wound by nylon yarns, and the outer walls of the bound nylon yarns are fixedly provided with strips with the same extending direction as the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe for improving the permeation effect; and the pipe orifice part of the first end of the second guide pipe, which is communicated with the confluence well, is blocked so as to prevent the filter material from flowing out of the second guide pipe along with water.
4. The saline-alkali soil dewatering system as claimed in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the vacuum negative pressure precipitation device comprises a third guide pipe and a water pumping device, a through hole for water and air permeation is formed in the pipe wall of the third guide pipe close to a target aquifer, the pipe wall of the third guide pipe with the through hole is wound by nylon yarn and bound by nylon threads, and the water pumping device is arranged in the third guide pipe so as to realize negative pressure precipitation by the water pumping device; the water seepage and pressurizing device comprises a fourth guide pipe and an air compressor, wherein a through hole for water and air permeation is formed in the pipe wall of one end, close to a target aquifer, of the fourth guide pipe, the other end of the fourth guide pipe is connected with the air compressor, so that air with pressure is pumped into the fourth guide pipe by the air compressor, then enters soil from the through hole of the fourth guide pipe, and the soil is dredged by the air with pressure, so that accumulated water in the soil smoothly flows in the soil under the action of gravity; the pipe diameter of the third guide pipe is larger than that of the fourth guide pipe, and when a pumping device arranged in the third guide pipe carries out negative pressure precipitation, the air compressor works and inputs air with pressure into the fourth guide pipe, so that accumulated water in soil smoothly flows into the third guide pipe under the combined action of gravity and a negative pressure environment in the third guide pipe.
5. The saline-alkali soil dewatering system as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the water interception wall is formed by high-pressure jet grouting piles, and the adjacent high-pressure jet grouting piles are arranged by quincuncial piles, wherein the distance between the adjacent high-pressure jet grouting piles is 200-400 mm; the side of the cutoff wall, which is far away from the target plot, is also provided with the rapid drainage device for the soil ponding and the accelerated drainage device for the target aquifer; the target aquifer acceleration drainage device is parallel to the cut-off wall, and the length of the target aquifer acceleration drainage device is not less than the length of the cut-off wall.
6. A method for dewatering saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
determining the depth of needed precipitation according to the precipitation requirement of the target plot;
determining a target aquifer for discharging salt, which is positioned underground of the target plot, according to the depth of precipitation and the topography and geology of the target plot;
drilling a hole from the ground surface of a target plot to a target aquifer to form a well, and inserting a first guide pipe into the well, wherein a water permeable hole is formed in the pipe wall of the first guide pipe;
injecting a filter material into the first guide pipe to prevent the first guide pipe from aging and collapsing by filling the guide pipe with the filter material, and rapidly draining accumulated water in a soil layer above a target aquifer of the target land block and on the ground to the target aquifer where the target land block is located through the first guide pipe filled with the filter material;
excavating a working pit to a target aquifer, and pushing a second guide pipe into the target aquifer at the position of a target plot through pipe jacking equipment, wherein a water-permeable hole for enabling the target aquifer to enter the second guide pipe is formed in the pipe wall of the second guide pipe;
and injecting a filter material into the second guide pipe to prevent the second guide pipe from ageing and collapsing by filling the second guide pipe with the filter material, and rapidly draining the water in the target aquifer to an area outside the target land parcel through the second guide pipe filled with the filter material.
7. The method for dewatering saline-alkali soil according to claim 6, wherein: when pushing into target aquifer with second guiding tube top, the both ends of second guiding tube are the opening, and wherein "inject the filter material to the second guiding tube" specifically does: flushing the second guide pipe from one end of the second guide pipe exposed out of the working pit by using a high-pressure pump so as to discharge silt in the second guide pipe; injecting a filter material from one end of the second guide pipe exposed out of the working pit;
and after the filter material is injected, partially plugging the pipe orifice of one end of the second guide pipe, which is exposed out of the working pit, so as to prevent the filter material from flowing out of the second guide pipe along with water.
8. The method for dewatering saline-alkali soil according to claim 7, characterized by comprising the following steps: the outer walls of the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe are wound by nylon yarns, the nylon yarns are wound on the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe after the nylon yarns are bound, and strips with the same permeation enhancing effect as the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe in the extending direction are fixedly arranged on the outer walls of the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe after the nylon yarns are bound.
9. The method for dewatering saline-alkali soil according to claim 8, characterized by comprising the following steps: the strip-shaped object is a bamboo plate or a bamboo pole, and the strip-shaped object, the first guide pipe and the second guide pipe are fixed together by nylon yarn winding and nylon yarn binding.
10. The method for dewatering saline-alkali soil according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: in the step of drilling a hole from the ground surface of a target plot to a target aquifer to form a well, inserting a first guide pipe into the well, wherein the pipe wall of the first guide pipe is provided with a water permeable hole, the well and the ground form an included angle, so that the length of the first guide pipe in the soil is increased, and more water in the soil enters the first guide pipe; the filter material is any one of or the combination of washing sand and rice grain stone.
11. The method for dewatering saline and alkaline land of claim 10, wherein: further comprising the steps of: vacuum negative pressure precipitation, which comprises the following steps: drilling a hole from the ground surface of the target land parcel to a target aquifer to form a well, inserting a third guide pipe into the well, wherein a through hole for water and air permeation is formed in the pipe wall of the third guide pipe close to the target aquifer, the pipe wall of the third guide pipe with the through hole is wound by nylon yarn and is bound by nylon threads, and a water pumping device is arranged in the third guide pipe to realize negative pressure precipitation by utilizing the water pumping device.
12. The method for dewatering saline and alkaline land of claim 11, wherein: further comprising the steps of: water seepage and pressing; the method comprises the following steps: drilling a hole from the ground surface of the target land parcel to the target aquifer to form a well, inserting a fourth guide pipe into the well, wherein a through hole for water and air permeation is formed in the pipe wall of the fourth guide pipe close to the target aquifer, connecting the other end of the fourth guide pipe with an air compressor, driving air with pressure into the fourth guide pipe by the air compressor, then entering soil from the through hole of the fourth guide pipe, and dredging the soil by the air with pressure so that accumulated water in the soil flows smoothly in the soil under the action of gravity.
13. The method for dewatering saline and alkaline land of claim 12, wherein: the pipe diameter of the third guide pipe is larger than that of the fourth guide pipe, and when a water pumping device arranged in the third guide pipe is used for negative pressure precipitation, the air compressor works and inputs air with pressure into the fourth guide pipe, so that accumulated water in soil smoothly flows into the third guide pipe under the combined action of gravity and a negative pressure environment in the third guide pipe.
14. The method for dewatering saline and alkaline land of claim 13, wherein: further comprising the steps of: setting a cut-off wall on a land block which is adjacent to and higher than the target land block, wherein the cut-off wall is formed by adopting high-pressure jet grouting piles, the adjacent high-pressure jet grouting piles are arranged by adopting quincuncial piles, and the distance between the adjacent high-pressure jet grouting piles is 200-400 mm; drilling a hole from the ground surface of the target land to a target aquifer on one side of the water interception wall, which is far away from the target land, so as to form a well, and inserting a first guide pipe into the well, wherein a water permeable hole is formed in the pipe wall of the first guide pipe; injecting a filter material into the first guide pipe to prevent the first guide pipe from aging and collapsing by filling the guide pipe with the filter material, and rapidly draining accumulated water in a soil layer above a target aquifer of the target land block and on the ground to the target aquifer where the target land block is located through the first guide pipe filled with the filter material; excavating a working pit to a target aquifer, and pushing a second guide pipe into the target aquifer at the position of a target plot through pipe jacking equipment, wherein a water-permeable hole for enabling the target aquifer to enter the second guide pipe is formed in the pipe wall of the second guide pipe; and injecting a filter material into the second guide pipe to fill the second guide pipe with the filter material to prevent the second guide pipe from aging and collapsing, and rapidly draining the water in the target aquifer to an area outside the target land parcel through the second guide pipe filled with the filter material.
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| CN102067753A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-05-25 | 山东大学 | Long-term governance method for converting saline-alkali soil into fertile farmland |
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| CN113950884A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2022-01-21 | 江苏大学 | System for accelerating soil salt washing and water drainage based on negative pressure |
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| CN102067753A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-05-25 | 山东大学 | Long-term governance method for converting saline-alkali soil into fertile farmland |
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