CN115430995B - Manufacturing method of 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe Download PDFInfo
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- CN115430995B CN115430995B CN202211080766.6A CN202211080766A CN115430995B CN 115430995 B CN115430995 B CN 115430995B CN 202211080766 A CN202211080766 A CN 202211080766A CN 115430995 B CN115430995 B CN 115430995B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012490 blank solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004514 thermodynamic simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe, which comprises the steps of boring a round blank of a feeding material; heating the round billet subjected to boring treatment by a specific heating system; perforating the round billet in a specific temperature range after heating; the perforated pipe blank is sequentially subjected to heading, solution treatment, surface treatment and cold drawing treatment, so that the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe is successfully manufactured, the technology realizes the technical breakthrough of mass production of the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe in a mode of boring and reheating perforation first, the yield of the steel pipe is doubled compared with the original manufacturing technology, the metal consumption is greatly reduced, the manufacturing cost of the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe is greatly reduced, and the application prospect is wide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel processing, in particular to a manufacturing method of a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe.
Background
The generator shaft guard ring manufactured by non-magnetic steel with the steel mark of 50Mn18Cr4V adopts the mode of directly carrying out machining boring on a round blank in the existing manufacturing process, and the one-time boring production is completed. However, the manufacturing process has the defects of large metal loss, low yield and high cost. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a novel mass production process of 50Mn18Cr4V non-magnetic steel pipes, which can reduce metal consumption and improve the yield of the steel pipes, thereby greatly reducing the manufacturing cost of generator shaft guard ring steel pipes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a manufacturing process for mass production of 50Mn18Cr4V non-magnetic steel generator shaft guard rings through the flow of round billet surface quality inspection (including surface quality and geometric dimension), boring, heating, perforation, tube blank inspection, heading, tube blank solution treatment, tube blank inspection, acid washing, phosphating, lubrication and cold drawing, which realizes the technical breakthrough of manufacturing the generator shaft guard ring steel tubes by the way of boring and reheating perforation at first, the current production yield of the steel tubes manufactured by the method is up to 100%, the production cost is improved by more than one time compared with the original manufacturing process, the metal loss is reduced by more than one time, the manufacturing cost of the generator shaft guard rings is greatly reduced, and the method has popularization and application values.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a method of manufacturing a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe, the method comprising:
boring the round blank;
Heating the round billet subjected to boring treatment by a specific heating system;
Perforating the round billet in a specific temperature range after heating;
And (3) sequentially performing heading, solution treatment, surface treatment and cold drawing treatment on the perforated pipe blank to obtain the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe.
As a further improvement of the invention, the specific heating regime is: the temperature is raised to 650+/-10 ℃ in a staged way, the temperature is kept for 2.5 hours, then the temperature is raised to 850+/-10 ℃ in a staged way, the temperature is kept for 1 hour, and then the temperature is raised to 1160 ℃ in a staged way, and the temperature is kept for 1.5 hours.
As a further improvement of the invention, the specific heating regime is: heating for 2h at average 5.4 ℃/min to 650+/-10 ℃, preserving heat for 2.5h at average 3.3 ℃/min, heating to 850+/-10 ℃, preserving heat for 1h, heating to average 3.4 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1.5h at average 3.4 ℃/min to 1160 ℃.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the specific temperature range is: 1135-1155 ℃.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the boring treatment of the round blank for feeding comprises:
setting the diameter of the boring hole to be 3/14-5/14 of the diameter of the feeding round billet.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the method further comprises:
quality inspection is carried out before boring treatment is carried out on the round blank which is fed, before heading treatment is carried out on the perforated pipe blank and before surface treatment is carried out on the pipe blank after solution treatment.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the surface treatment includes: acid washing treatment, phosphating treatment and lubricating treatment.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that:
According to the manufacturing method of the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe, boring treatment is carried out on the round blank of the feeding material; heating the round billet subjected to boring treatment by a specific heating system; perforating the round billet in a specific temperature range after heating; the perforated pipe blank is sequentially subjected to heading, solution treatment, surface treatment and cold drawing treatment, so that the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe is successfully manufactured, the technology realizes the technical breakthrough of mass production of the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe in a mode of boring and reheating perforation first, the yield of the steel pipe is doubled compared with the original manufacturing technology, the metal consumption is greatly reduced, the manufacturing cost of the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe is greatly reduced, and the application prospect is wide.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe according to the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a round billet heating system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a manufacturing method of a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe, as shown in figure 1, which mainly comprises the following steps: boring the round blank; heating the round billet subjected to boring treatment by a specific heating system; perforating the round billet in a specific temperature range after heating; and (3) sequentially performing heading, solution treatment, surface treatment and cold drawing treatment on the perforated pipe blank to obtain the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe.
Taking a round blank with the specification of phi 140mm as an example for producing a finished product of a generator shaft guard ring steel pipe with the specification of phi 140mm multiplied by 15mm (thickness), the production process flow of the invention is specifically introduced as follows:
and (3) checking the quality of the round blank: before material is used, the round billet entering the factory is checked for geometric dimension, length, through hole, diameter, ellipticity, bending degree per meter, end cutting and tilting, and surface quality, and the round billet is found to be the material which does not meet the quality requirement of the round billet, and relevant departments are informed to confirm immediately and then negotiate with suppliers.
Boring a round blank: in order to prevent the piercing machine from causing piercing and clamping accidents due to overhigh load and improve the defect of cracks on the inner surface of the steel pipe, boring is needed before round billet hot piercing in order to reduce deformation resistance. In order to reduce metal loss as much as possible, the bore hole diameter which can be selected for round billets with the specification of phi 140mm is preferably phi 30 mm-phi 50mm. In this example, bore diameters of Φ30mm and Φ50mm were used for subsequent production, respectively. Furthermore, it is possible to provide a device for the treatment of a disease. The specific boring requirements for trial production should also include: 1. carefully checking all mechanical parts and an electrical system of the machine tool to ensure the normal, perfect and reliable operation; 2. and checking each lubrication part of the machine tool to ensure adequate oiling and no leakage. 3. Checking a cutter and a clamp, ensuring that a workpiece is clamped firmly, and starting up the machine after the cutter is installed correctly and is free of looseness; 4. the machine tool is lubricated and oiled before starting operation, the machine tool and the site are kept clean, and the used measuring tool, cutting tool and tool clamp are checked, and the machine tool can be used after being qualified; checking whether the power supply and the safety device are complete and good, and checking whether the handles are at the specified positions, wherein the handles should idle for 3-5 minutes when driving.
Heating the round blank: because the heating temperature and the perforating temperature range of the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel are narrow, the work hardening is fast and the work hardening strength is high, the uniformity of the furnace temperature and the uniformity of the steel temperature are ensured, and meanwhile, the temperature difference of the head part, the middle part and the tail part of the round billet is ensured to be controlled within 10 ℃ in the heating process.
Further, the heating system of the round billet is set according to the heating mode shown in fig. 2, specifically, the heating is performed for 2 hours at an average of 5.4 ℃/min, the temperature is raised to 650 ℃ +/-10 ℃ and kept for 2.5 hours, then the heating is performed for 1 hour at an average of 3.3 ℃/min, the heating is performed for 1 hour at 850 ℃ +/-10 ℃, then the heating is performed for 1.5 hours at 3.4 ℃/min, and the heating is performed for 1.5 hours at 1160 ℃. The temperature rising mode is determined according to a dynamic thermodynamic simulation test gleeble, so that the optimal temperature for plastic deformation of the steel grade at high temperature is 1150 ℃. The temperature is slowly and uniformly increased, so that the subsequent perforation operation of the steel grade is more facilitated, the temperature increase speed is too high, the steel grade can be cracked, and the optimal temperature increase mode is finally determined after repeated debugging of mass production tests. Specifically, the heating process can be carried out in a box-type electric furnace, the clearance part in the box-type electric furnace is 1.2m long and 0.8 m wide, the placing position of the box-type electric furnace is required to be close to the feed chute of the front stage of the perforating machine as much as possible, the travelling crane and the clamp are required to be in place, the round billet can be lifted into the feed chute of the front stage of the perforating machine within 1 minute after being discharged from the furnace, and therefore the temperature value of the round billet before the perforating operation can be ensured to be between 1135 and 1155 ℃. Because the heating temperature and the perforation temperature range of the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel are narrow, once the temperature exceeds the value, the billet can be rapidly hardened and the hardened strength is high, so that the smooth implementation of the perforation process is difficult to ensure no matter the temperature is too high or too low before perforation operation in the actual operation process, and the value of the operation condition in the proper perforation temperature range of only 20 ℃ from 1135 ℃ to 1155 ℃ is necessary.
Perforating the round blank: the plug selected during perforation operation can be a common alloy steel water spray plug, and the size and the surface quality of the water cooling plug are checked and confirmed, so that the surface is required to be smooth and clean, no cracks exist, and the surface of the plug is free from steel sticking.
Furthermore, in the perforation process, the roller of the perforating machine is required to have no problems of grooves, cracks, meat falling, steel sticking and the like; the surface of the guide plate is smooth and clean and has no defects; the straightness of the ejector rod is ensured, the welding part is polished smoothly, and sharp edges cannot exist. The ejector rod which is visually straight is selected, the center line of the perforating machine, the center line of the centering roller and the roller holding gap are adjusted before perforation, so that the centering roller is ensured to hold the ejector rod and the capillary all the time in the perforation process, and the phenomena of internal spiral and offset wall caused by larger shaking are prevented.
Specifically, for the round billet supply and the specifications of the target finished product provided in this embodiment, preferred conditions for setting the perforator are shown in table 1 below:
table 1: tool specification and adjustment parameters (unit: mm) of perforating machine
| Round billet specification | Perforation specification | Plug head | Ejector rod | Guide plate | Roll spacing | Guide plate distance | Amount of top extension |
| Φ140 | Φ148×14.7 | 110 | 102/108 | 140 | 125±1 | 136±1 | 60±2 |
Specifically, in order to ensure that no jump accident occurs in the perforation process, 100 units are required to be started when the LG200 rolling mill is perforated. Meanwhile, the roller cooling water and the plug cooling water in the perforation process are properly started (half of the normal state is needed), so that the plug and the roller can be cooled at any time and any place, and smooth implementation of the perforation process is ensured.
And checking the geometric dimension and the surface quality of the capillary: when the perforated capillary tube is inspected for wall thickness, outer diameter and surface quality, the wall thickness of the manufactured capillary tube is ensured to be controlled to be as follows: 13.5-16 mm; meanwhile, the outer diameter of the capillary is controlled as follows: 146.5-149.5 mm. In addition, the capillary surface should not be scarred, folded, or visually visible cracks.
Tubular billet heading: the head end of the steel pipe can be heated in a slot furnace before the tubular billet head-forming operation, the heating temperature is controlled to 850-950 ℃ until the surface color is in a bright red state, in addition, the heating length of the tubular billet end can be controlled to be about 100 cm longer than that of the head-forming part, and the length (excluding the transition part) of the straight part of the head-forming part is controlled to be less than 150 mm. At the same time, the head end should also meet the following requirements: 1. the center line of the heading is consistent with the center line of the steel pipe; 2. the transition part of the head end is smooth, has no edges and corners and is in a bottleneck shape; 3. the head part must be tightened, and torsion, overburning and overheating are not allowed.
Solution treatment of the pipe blank after heading: the pipe blank can be subjected to solution treatment by adopting an electric furnace at a heating rate of 7 ℃/min, heating to 1050+/-10 ℃, then preserving heat for 60min and then cooling with water.
And (3) carrying out quality inspection again on the pipe blank after the solution treatment: specifically, for the checking requirements of the geometry: wall thickness: 13.5-16 mm; outer diameter: 146.5-149.5 mm. The inspection of the surface quality then requires: the inner and outer surfaces of the steel pipe should not have defects such as cracks, folding, scabbing, rolling, separation layers and the like which are visible to naked eyes. These defects must be completely removed, the removal depth should not exceed the lower deviation of the nominal wall thickness, and the actual wall thickness at the removal should not be less than the minimum allowed by the wall thickness. Other local defects not exceeding the deviation at wall thickness are allowed to exist.
Pickling, phosphating and lubricating a tube blank:
the acid washing treatment comprises the following steps: the concentration of the sulfuric acid is 12-20%, the content Fe 2+ of ferrous ions generated by the sulfuric acid and the iron scale is controlled to be less than or equal to 250 g/L, and the pickling temperature is controlled to be: 45-75 ℃;
During phosphating treatment: the total acidity should be controlled to be 25-32 drops, the free acidity to be 0.8-1.5 drops, the treatment temperature to be 65-75 ℃ and the treatment time to be 15-35 minutes;
The lubrication treatment comprises the following steps: fat can be used as lubricant, pH is controlled to 7-9, treatment temperature is 65-75deg.C, and treatment time is 20-30 min.
Cold drawing of the capillary tube: when cold drawing is carried out on the capillary, the drawing die needs to be checked once every 1 drawing, and an external scratch cannot be generated; meanwhile, if the outer diameter and the wall thickness of the capillary tube meet the requirements, 1 branch is drawn, and the control parameters of the cold drawing outer diameter and the wall thickness are shown in the following table 2.
Table 2: quality control of cold drawn capillary outside diameter and wall thickness
| Finished product specification (mm) | Tolerance of outer diameter (mm) | Wall thickness tolerance (mm) |
| 140×15 | 139.8～141.5 | 13～16.5 |
And finally, machining the cold drawn capillary tube into a finished product with the specification of phi 140 x 15mm, and completing the production of the 50Mn18Cr4V non-magnetic steel tube.
The 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe prepared by the production process adds 42 counts at present, realizes 42 counts of packaging, has the count qualification rate reaching 100%, and the trial production result shows that: the round billet with boring diameter of 30mm or 50mm is adopted to produce the steel pipe, so that the load requirement of a perforating machine can be ensured, and meanwhile, the problem of internal surface defects can be solved. To further reduce the metal loss, the production is continued by using a round billet with a bore diameter of 30 mm.
In summary, according to the manufacturing method of the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe, boring is carried out on the round blank of the feeding material; heating the round billet subjected to boring treatment by a specific heating system; perforating the round billet in a specific temperature range after heating; the perforated pipe blank is sequentially subjected to heading, solution treatment, surface treatment and cold drawing treatment, so that the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe is successfully manufactured, the technology realizes the technical breakthrough of mass production of the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe in a mode of boring and reheating perforation first, the yield of the steel pipe is doubled compared with the original manufacturing technology, the metal consumption is greatly reduced, the manufacturing cost of the 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe is greatly reduced, and the application prospect is wide.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements or changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method of manufacturing a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe, the method comprising:
boring the round blank;
heating the round billet subjected to boring treatment by a box-type electric furnace and a specific heating system;
Perforating the round billet in a specific temperature range after heating;
Sequentially performing heading, solution treatment, surface treatment and cold drawing treatment on the perforated pipe blank to obtain a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe;
Wherein the specific heating schedule is: heating for 2h at an average speed of 5.4 ℃/min, heating to 650+/-10 ℃ and preserving heat for 2.5h, then heating to 850+/-10 ℃ at an average speed of 3.3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1h, heating to 1160 ℃ and preserving heat for 1.5h at an average speed of 3.4 ℃/min; the specific temperature range is as follows: 1135-1155 ℃;
the surface treatment comprises acid washing treatment, phosphating treatment and lubricating treatment; the acid washing treatment comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of selecting sulfuric acid with the concentration of 12-20%, controlling the content of ferrous ions generated by sulfuric acid and iron scales Fe 2+ to be less than or equal to 250 g/L, and simultaneously controlling the pickling temperature to be: 45-75 ℃; phosphating: controlling total acidity to 25-32 drops, free acidity to 0.8-1.5 drops, treating temperature to 65-75 ℃ and treating time to 15-35 minutes; and (3) lubrication treatment: fat is selected as lubricant, pH is controlled to 7-9, treatment temperature is 65-75 ℃, and treatment time is 20-30 minutes.
2. The method for manufacturing a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe according to claim 1, wherein said boring the round billet comprises:
setting the diameter of the boring hole to be 3/14-5/14 of the diameter of the feeding round billet.
3. The method for manufacturing a 50Mn18Cr4V nonmagnetic steel pipe according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
quality inspection is carried out before boring treatment is carried out on the round blank which is fed, before heading treatment is carried out on the perforated pipe blank and before surface treatment is carried out on the pipe blank after solution treatment.
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