CN115420666A - Positive freeze thawing soil gas permeability coefficient dynamic continuous testing system - Google Patents
Positive freeze thawing soil gas permeability coefficient dynamic continuous testing system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000002680 soil gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005315 distribution function Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种正冻融土壤气体渗透系数动态连续测试系统，整体包括：样本土壤、温控系统、供气系统和围压系统。样本土壤将待测土壤分为多段测试，外加以绝热橡胶隔层，保证测试土壤不受外部影响；温控系统通过上端冷板和下端冷板实现样本土壤冻融循环的动态温度变化，通过冷却液管路将不同样本土壤测试段的下端冷板与上端冷板并联实现样本土壤温度连续，以对样本气体渗透系数动态连续测试；围压系统利用稳压泵将样本土壤的外侧压力维持在一定范围，还原真实环境在横向土壤相互作用力，有利于保持样本土壤在测试过程中的形态。本发明降低冻结深度大的土壤气体渗透系数测试难度，可实现沿冻结方向的正冻融土壤气体渗透系数动态连续测试分析。
The invention discloses a dynamic continuous testing system for the gas permeability coefficient of freezing-thawing soil, which generally includes: sample soil, a temperature control system, an air supply system and a confining pressure system. The sample soil divides the soil to be tested into multiple sections for testing, and a heat-insulating rubber interlayer is added to ensure that the test soil is not affected by the outside; the temperature control system realizes the dynamic temperature change of the sample soil freeze-thaw cycle through the upper cold plate and the lower cold plate. The liquid pipeline connects the lower cold plate and the upper cold plate of different sample soil test sections in parallel to realize the continuous temperature of the sample soil, so as to dynamically and continuously test the gas permeability coefficient of the sample; the confining pressure system maintains the external pressure of the sample soil at a certain range, to restore the real environment in the horizontal soil interaction force, which is conducive to maintaining the shape of the sample soil during the test. The invention reduces the difficulty of testing the gas permeability coefficient of soil with a large freezing depth, and can realize the dynamic continuous test and analysis of the gas permeability coefficient of positively frozen-thawed soil along the freezing direction.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及冻融土壤流体渗透参数测试领域，尤其涉及正冻融土壤的气体渗透系数动态连续测试系统。The invention relates to the field of testing fluid permeability parameters of freeze-thaw soil, in particular to a dynamic continuous test system for gas permeability coefficient of freeze-thaw soil.
背景技术Background technique
随着我国积极推进能源结构转型的形势下，提出了“碳达峰”和“碳中和”两大战略目标。煤炭、石油等化石能源价格不断攀升，化石能源对外依赖性过强国家能源结构成为一大挑战。清洁能源发展与推广迫在眉睫。天然气、氢能作为清洁能源的代表，具有清洁无污染、获取方式多等优点。As my country actively promotes the transformation of energy structure, it puts forward two strategic goals of "carbon peak" and "carbon neutrality". The prices of fossil fuels such as coal and oil continue to rise, and the country's energy structure that is too dependent on foreign fossil fuels has become a major challenge. The development and promotion of clean energy is imminent. As representatives of clean energy, natural gas and hydrogen energy have the advantages of being clean and pollution-free, and having multiple ways of obtaining them.
天然气和氢气作为气相流体，在运输过程中多考虑采用管道运输。我国的天然气主干管线长度已经到达11.6万千米。我国在建输氢管线约400千米，2030 年预计完工总里程超3000千米。其中，不乏有主干管路需要埋设于一些环境较为恶劣的地区，例如：冻融土壤地区。Natural gas and hydrogen are gas-phase fluids, and pipeline transportation is often considered during transportation. my country's main natural gas pipelines have reached 116,000 kilometers in length. There are about 400 kilometers of hydrogen transmission pipelines under construction in my country, and the total mileage expected to be completed in 2030 will exceed 3,000 kilometers. Among them, there are many main pipelines that need to be buried in some areas with relatively harsh environments, such as areas with frozen and thawed soil.
我国幅员辽阔，地形和土壤类型繁多。我国多年冻土区覆盖16.6％，季节性冻土占国土面积58％。随着国家管网的不断发展，运输天然气和氢气的管道必将面临着冻融土壤的挑战。常规冻融土壤渗透参数多针对水和油，且存在测试土壤冻结深度较小，整段冻融土壤测试难度大等问题。my country has a vast territory with various terrain and soil types. my country's permafrost area covers 16.6%, and seasonally frozen soil accounts for 58% of the country's land area. With the continuous development of the national pipeline network, pipelines transporting natural gas and hydrogen will inevitably face the challenge of freezing and thawing soil. Conventional freeze-thaw soil penetration parameters are mostly for water and oil, and there are problems such as the small freezing depth of the tested soil and the difficulty of testing the entire freeze-thaw soil.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术存在的缺点与不足，本发明提供一种正冻融土壤气体渗透系数动态连续测试系统。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art. The present invention provides a dynamic continuous testing system for the gas permeability coefficient of freezing-thawing soil.
为实现上述目的本发明采用如下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种正冻融土壤气体渗透系数动态连续测试系统，整体包括四部分部分：样本土壤、温控系统、供气系统和围压系统。测试土壤沿着冻结方向分为多段作为样本土壤，样本土壤外包裹绝热橡胶隔层减少外界温度等因素的影响；温控系统主要通过样本土壤上下端的冷板控制样本土壤的测试系统温度的动态变化，温控系统的冷源将冷却液通过冷却液管路输送至样本土壤的上端冷板和下端冷板，并且相邻的两段样本土壤通过冷却液管路并联实现温度一致，实现测试连续土壤分段后相邻段样本土壤温度的连续性。供气系统的渗透气源经过压力表后通过渗透气体管路进入样本土壤下端，渗透至样本土壤上端经过上端的气体流量计后排出，通过可压缩性气体在多孔介质中的气压分布函数及达西定律得到样本土壤的气体扩散系数。围压系统通过稳压泵维持围压隔层的压力，还原真实环境下相邻土壤的相互作用力，提高测试系统的可靠度。A dynamic continuous testing system for the gas permeability coefficient of positively freezing-thawing soil, which generally includes four parts: a sample soil, a temperature control system, an air supply system and a confining pressure system. The test soil is divided into multiple sections along the freezing direction as the sample soil, and the sample soil is wrapped with a heat-insulating rubber interlayer to reduce the influence of external temperature and other factors; the temperature control system mainly controls the dynamic change of the temperature of the test system of the sample soil through the cold plates at the upper and lower ends of the sample soil , the cold source of the temperature control system transports the cooling liquid to the upper cold plate and the lower cold plate of the sample soil through the cooling liquid pipeline, and the adjacent two sections of sample soil are connected in parallel through the cooling liquid pipeline to achieve consistent temperature, realizing continuous soil testing The continuity of the soil temperature of adjacent segment samples after segmentation. The permeated gas source of the gas supply system enters the lower end of the sample soil through the permeable gas pipeline after passing through the pressure gauge, penetrates to the upper end of the sample soil and passes through the gas flow meter at the upper end, and then is discharged. West's law to obtain the gas diffusion coefficient of the sample soil. The confining pressure system maintains the pressure of the confining pressure compartment through the pressure stabilizing pump, restores the interaction force of the adjacent soil in the real environment, and improves the reliability of the test system.
优选地，所述样本土壤作为测试土壤中的其中两段，其外侧包裹绝热橡胶隔层降低外界环境因素影响，测试土壤可沿冻结方向分为多段测试，降低冻结深度大的正冻融土壤气体渗透系数动态连续测试难度。Preferably, the sample soil is used as two sections of the test soil, and its outer side is wrapped with a heat-insulating rubber interlayer to reduce the influence of external environmental factors. The test soil can be divided into multiple sections along the freezing direction to reduce the freezing-thawing soil gas with a large freezing depth. The difficulty of dynamic continuous testing of permeability coefficient.
优选地，所述冷源将冷却液通过冷却液管路输送至样本土壤上端冷板和下端冷板实现测试土壤冻融循环的动态温度变化。Preferably, the cold source sends the cooling liquid to the upper cold plate and the lower cold plate of the sample soil through the cooling liquid pipeline to realize the dynamic temperature change of the test soil freeze-thaw cycle.
优选地，冷源通过冷却液管路将样本土壤的下端冷板和相邻样本土壤的上端冷板并联实现温度一致，从而到达分段测试的土壤温度连续的目的，保证测试系统的可靠性，提高测试系统的可操作性。。Preferably, the cold source connects the lower end cold plate of the sample soil and the upper end cold plate of the adjacent sample soil in parallel through the cooling liquid pipeline to achieve consistent temperature, so as to achieve the purpose of continuous soil temperature in the segmented test and ensure the reliability of the test system. Improve the operability of the test system. .
优选地，所述所述压力表测试渗透气体在样本土壤下端压力和，计算气体扩散压力差，从而可得到渗透气体的扩散系数。Preferably, the pressure gauge measures the sum of the pressure of the infiltrating gas at the lower end of the sample soil, and calculates the gas diffusion pressure difference, so that the diffusion coefficient of the infiltrating gas can be obtained.
优选地，稳压泵通过围压气体管路将围压气体输送至围压隔层，还原了样本土壤在真实环境下横向土壤的相互作用力，提高了测试系统的可靠性。Preferably, the pressure stabilizing pump transports the confining pressure gas to the confining pressure compartment through the confining pressure gas pipeline, which restores the lateral soil interaction force of the sample soil in a real environment and improves the reliability of the test system.
有益效果：Beneficial effect:
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
通过将待测土壤进行分段测试，降低了冻结深度大的正冻融土壤气体渗透系数动态连续测试的难度。可控制各段样本土壤上下端的冷板温度实现样本土壤冻融循环的动态温度变化。相邻的两段样本土壤通过冷却液环路实现温度的连续性，提高了测试系统的准确性和可靠性。围压隔层的存在极大的还原了样本土壤在真实环境下横向土壤的相互作用，提升了测试系统的可靠性。By testing the soil to be tested in sections, the difficulty of dynamic and continuous testing of the gas permeability coefficient of the freezing-thawing soil with a large freezing depth is reduced. The temperature of the cold plate at the upper and lower ends of the sample soil of each section can be controlled to realize the dynamic temperature change of the sample soil freeze-thaw cycle. Two adjacent sections of sample soil achieve temperature continuity through the cooling liquid loop, which improves the accuracy and reliability of the testing system. The existence of the confining pressure compartment greatly restores the horizontal soil interaction of the sample soil in the real environment and improves the reliability of the test system.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention;
具体实施方式detailed description
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.
实施例：Example:
下面结合实施例及附图，对本发明做进一步详细说明，但本发明的实施方案不限于此。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the examples and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
参照图1，说明本实施方式。本实施方式所述的一种正冻融土壤气体渗透系数动态连续测试系统，整体包括四部分，样本土壤、温控系统、供气系统和围压系统。测试土壤沿着冻结方向分为多段，样本土壤(1)及样本土壤(16)为其中相邻两段，样本土壤(1)及样本土壤(16)外包裹绝热橡胶隔层(2)；温控系统的冷源(3)将冷却液通过冷却液管路(4)输送至样本土壤(1)的上端冷板(5)和下端冷板(6)控制样本土壤(1)及(16)的动态温度变化，冷却液管路(4)通过将样本土壤(1)的下端冷板(6)和样本土壤(16)的上端冷板(5)并联实现温度一致。围压系统通过稳压泵(7)将气体经过围压气体管路泵送至绝热橡胶隔层(2)和透明围压膜(10)之间的围压隔层(9)内，保持样本土壤(1)及样本土壤(16)外侧的压力。供气系统的渗透气源(11) 经过压力表(12)后通过渗透气体管路(13)进入样本土壤(1)及样本土壤(16) 下端，扩散至样本土壤(1)及样本土壤(16)上端经过气体流量计(15)后排出，压力表(12)测试渗透气体在样本土壤(1)及样本土壤(16)进口端的压力Pin,气体流量计(15)渗透气体出口端气体流量Q,渗透气体在垂直方向服从可压缩性气体在多孔介质中的气压分布函数：This embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1 . The dynamic continuous testing system for the gas permeability coefficient of positively freezing-thawing soil described in this embodiment includes four parts as a whole, namely, sample soil, temperature control system, air supply system and confining pressure system. The test soil is divided into multiple sections along the freezing direction, the sample soil (1) and the sample soil (16) are two adjacent sections, and the sample soil (1) and the sample soil (16) are wrapped with an insulating rubber interlayer (2); The cold source (3) of the control system sends the coolant through the coolant pipeline (4) to the upper cold plate (5) and the lower cold plate (6) of the sample soil (1) to control the sample soil (1) and (16) The temperature of the cooling liquid pipeline (4) is consistent by connecting the lower cold plate (6) of the sample soil (1) and the upper cold plate (5) of the sample soil (16) in parallel. The confining pressure system uses the pressure stabilizing pump (7) to pump the gas through the confining pressure gas pipeline to the confining pressure compartment (9) between the heat-insulating rubber compartment (2) and the transparent confining pressure film (10) to keep the sample The pressure on the outside of the soil (1) and the sample soil (16). The infiltrated air source (11) of the air supply system passes through the pressure gauge (12), enters the lower end of the sample soil (1) and the sample soil (16) through the infiltrated gas pipeline (13), and diffuses to the sample soil (1) and the sample soil ( 16) The upper end is discharged after passing through the gas flowmeter (15), the pressure gauge (12) tests the pressure P in of the infiltrated gas in the sample soil (1) and the inlet port of the sample soil (16), and the gas flowmeter (15) infiltrates the gas outlet port The flow rate Q, the permeated gas obeys the pressure distribution function of the compressible gas in the porous medium in the vertical direction:
其中，样本土壤(1)和样本土壤(16)的高度h，P(0,t)为渗透气体进口端压力,Pin为渗透气体出口端气体压力，由于出口端渗透气体直接与大气相通，则 P(h,t)为大气压力P0。Among them, the height h of the sample soil (1) and the sample soil (16), P(0,t) is the pressure at the inlet end of the infiltrated gas, and P in is the gas pressure at the outlet end of the infiltrated gas, since the infiltrated gas at the outlet end is directly connected to the atmosphere, Then P(h,t) is the atmospheric pressure P 0 .
进一步根据达西定理，出口端渗透气体通过的平均流量为：Further according to Darcy's theorem, the average flow rate of the permeate gas at the outlet is:
其中，k为样本土壤(1)和样本土壤(16)的气体渗透系数，μ为动力粘度，A为气体出口端管段横截面积，
进一步对可压缩气体在多孔介质中的分布函数求导得到：Further derivation of the distribution function of compressible gas in porous media is obtained:
进一步将分布函数求导后的式子带入达西定理，计算得到样本土壤(1)及样本土壤(16)的气体扩散系数：The formula after derivation of the distribution function is further brought into Darcy's theorem, and the gas diffusion coefficients of sample soil (1) and sample soil (16) are calculated:
以上所述，并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制，虽然本发明已通过上述实施例揭示，然而并非用以限定本发明，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明技术方案范围内，当可利用上述揭示的技术内容作出些变动或修饰为等同变化的等效实施例，但凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。The above description does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed by the above-mentioned embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. When the technical content disclosed above can be used to make some changes or be modified into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, but if they do not deviate from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any simple modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention, are equivalent to Changes and modifications all still belong to the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
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