CN115419370A - Cold-hot alternating type reverse well rock expanding device and construction method - Google Patents
Cold-hot alternating type reverse well rock expanding device and construction method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115419370A CN115419370A CN202211273134.1A CN202211273134A CN115419370A CN 115419370 A CN115419370 A CN 115419370A CN 202211273134 A CN202211273134 A CN 202211273134A CN 115419370 A CN115419370 A CN 115419370A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- rock
- cold
- water
- bit body
- hole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010063385 Intellectualisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/042—Threaded
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/042—Threaded
- E21B17/043—Threaded with locking means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B36/00—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
- E21B36/001—Cooling arrangements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B36/00—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
- E21B36/02—Heating, cooling or insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones using burners
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a cold-hot alternating type raise shaft rock expanding device and a construction method, wherein the cold-hot alternating type raise shaft rock expanding device comprises a pull rod and a cutter head, the cutter head comprises a basic bit body and an expanding bit body, the basic bit body is arranged on the pull rod, and the outer ring of the basic bit body is the expanding bit body; the outer ring of the expanded bit body and the outer ring of the basic bit body are respectively provided with a plurality of groove-shaped hob bases, a group of tooth-inlaid hobs are installed in each hob base, a first hole and a second hole are formed between the adjacent hob bases, a high-temperature flame nozzle is arranged in the first hole, a low-temperature water nozzle is arranged in the second hole, and slag outlets are formed in the inner rings of the first hole and the second hole.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of raise boring machines, in particular to a cold and hot alternating type raise boring rock expanding device and a construction method.
Background
The reverse well construction is a vertical or inclined connection channel between underground roadways, a coal bunker, a blind well and other projects, because a large amount of equipment such as a stable vehicle, a winch and the like cannot be arranged like a ground construction shaft, a reverse well method is generally adopted, in the construction of the inclined well diversion tunnel of the pumped storage power station, a guide well is firstly drilled, a guide hole is drilled from top to bottom until the guide hole penetrates through a lower horizontal channel, a guide hole drill bit is dismounted, the reaming bit of the invention is connected, and then the guide hole is reamed from bottom to top and is reversely pulled to form the diversion tunnel.
The reaming cutter head comprises a disk body and a hobbing cutter installed on the disk body, the disk body is used for fixing the hobbing cutter, the main shaft drives the disk body to rotate during use, the hobbing cutter performs circular motion around the central line of the main shaft and cuts, the reaming cutter head is mainly used for drilling a deep well tunnel, along with continuous construction of a pumped storage power station, the exploitation demand of a large-diameter long inclined pipeline well for water delivery is larger and larger, and therefore the reaming cutter head is more and more common in the drilling industry. The rock is broken mainly by hobbing cutter roll extrusion rock in the use of current reaming cutter dish, but in the exclusive use, the hobbing cutter is very easily worn and torn, leads to often changing the hobbing cutter, not only can increase maintenance time and maintenance cost, but also can cause the time limit for a project to delay.
Adopt cold and hot alternative supplementary broken rock can be so that the inside microcosmic and macroscopic crack that produces of rock, greatly reduced the intensity of rock to can increase mechanical cutter's penetration and life, can reduce the wearing and tearing of cutter again, reduce the repair time of the broken rock device of machinery, increase the efficiency of construction.
In patent [ CN 202011384511.X ], a breakable shield machine system and an operation method using temperature difference as an auxiliary measure are disclosed, but the system has the following problems: (1) the friction face is required to generate a large amount of heat, so that the rotating speed of the friction element is extremely high, but the kinetic energy and the rotating speed are influenced by the heat generated by friction, and the friction forms transmission resistance, such as friction between rotating parts, friction between relative sliding parts and the like, and the power consumption is increased. (2) The friction original paper is easy to damage, so that the friction element of the rock is possibly damaged when the rock does not reach the heating temperature, the damage needs to be maintained, the maintenance time is prolonged, and the construction efficiency is reduced. (3) The heat generated by friction is low, and the heat generated by friction can only enable the rock to reach about 200 ℃. (4) In the process of water spraying and temperature reduction, water molecules are attached to the palm surface, and friction efficiency is affected because the water molecules cannot be rubbed to generate heat.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a cold-hot alternating type reverse well rock expansion device and a construction method, which realize the combined auxiliary rock breaking of 'cold and hot' through cold-hot alternating operation, reduce the abrasion of a mechanical cutter and greatly increase the rock breaking construction efficiency.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cold and hot alternating type raise boring device, including a drawbar and a cutter head, where the cutter head includes a base bit body and an expanded bit body, the base bit body is disposed on the drawbar, and the outer ring of the base bit body is the expanded bit body; the outer ring of the expanded bit body and the outer ring of the basic bit body are respectively provided with a plurality of groove-shaped hob bases, a group of tooth-inlaid hobs are installed in each hob base, a first hole and a second hole are formed between the adjacent hob bases, a high-temperature flame nozzle is arranged in the first hole, a low-temperature water nozzle is arranged in the second hole, and slag outlets are formed in the inner rings of the first hole and the second hole.
As a further technical scheme, the high-temperature flame nozzle is communicated with a gas transmission pipeline system positioned in the pull rod, and the gas transmission pipeline system is connected with an acetylene supply device and an oxygen supply device.
As a further technical scheme, the low-temperature water nozzle is connected with an annular flow divider, the annular flow divider is connected with a water conveying pipeline system, and the water conveying pipeline system is connected with a water supply device.
As a further technical scheme, the spraying section of the low-temperature water nozzle is inclined with the surface of the rock, all the water spraying ends are inclined at the same angle in the anticlockwise direction, and the angle is smaller than 90 degrees, so that the falling of the rock blocks carried by water flow is accelerated, and the water flow spraying surface is enlarged.
As a further technical scheme, a water baffle is arranged on a disc body between the low-temperature water nozzle and the high-temperature flame nozzle to prevent the two injection systems from influencing each other.
As a further technical scheme, the pull rod comprises a plurality of sections, and adjacent sections are detachably connected; the gas transmission pipeline is a telescopic elastic pipeline, and the water transmission pipeline is a hose.
In the construction process of the cold-hot alternating raise-hole method, firstly a guide well is drilled, a guide hole is drilled from top to bottom until the guide hole penetrates through a lower horizontal channel, a guide hole drill bit is dismounted, the hole expanding drill bit is connected, hole expanding is carried out from bottom to top, a small hole is expanded through a basic drill bit body (a first layer of drill bit body), a large hole is expanded through an expanding drill bit body (a second layer of drill bit body), a high-temperature flame is firstly sprayed through a driving and control system in the rotation process of a cutter head body, water is sprayed and cooled for a period of time, and the rock is expanded and broken through a hobbing cutter in the whole process of expanding, so that a complete hole is expanded, the strength of surrounding rock of a face is reduced, the rock expanding efficiency is improved, and the abrasion degree of a rock expanding tool is reduced.
The rock expansion method comprises the following steps:
(2) the drill rod extends into the bottom along the guide hole, and the cold-hot alternating type inverse well rock expanding device is installed.
(2) The retractable gas transmission pipeline system and the water transmission pipeline system are sent into the containing cavity of the pull rod, the end part of the gas transmission pipeline system is connected with a flame nozzle head ignition control device at the rock expansion cutter head, and the ignition control device inputs instructions to realize intelligent flame spraying;
(3) the base drill bit body is close to the rock mass and is subjected to flame injection, and water injection is performed for cooling after a period of time.
(4) The main machine part provides torque and tension for the drill rod, the inserted hob on the basic drill bit body contacts with the cracked rock to rotate, the small holes of the rock are firstly rolled, and the crushed rock falls through the hollow area of the disc body; the drill rod is fixedly connected with the basic drill body;
(5) and then the expanded bit body is moved under the action of the tension of the main machine part until the expanded bit body is close to the rock, the drill rod stops rotating and pulling, the expanded bit body is subjected to flame injection firstly, and water injection and temperature reduction are carried out after a while.
(6) The inserted hob on the expanded bit body contacts with the cracked rock to rotate, the rock is rolled to expand the hole, and the crushed rock falls through the hollow area of the disc body.
(7) Pulling a section of pull rod upwards, dismantling the section of pull rod after completing the section of operation until the first pull rod is dismantled, continuously withdrawing the control cable part into a cable accommodating box at the main machine part along with the dismantling of the pull rod, and withdrawing the water conveying pipeline and the gas conveying pipeline into a pipeline accommodating box at the main machine part;
(8) and (4) continuously repeating the steps from (3) to (7), expanding the small holes and then expanding the holes, expanding the holes from bottom to top by adopting a reverse well method, and continuously disassembling the pull rod in the process until the cold-hot alternating reverse well rock expansion device drills out the ground.
(9) The water is collected in the whole construction process through the water tank, and the water is filtered and recycled.
The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention are as follows:
the invention provides a cold-hot alternating type anti-well rock expansion device and a construction method, wherein the combined auxiliary rock breaking of 'one cold and one hot' is realized through cold-hot alternating operation, and by utilizing the principles of thermal expansion and cooling, thermal splitting and the like, cracks appear in the rock, so that the rock is easy to break, the penetration degree and the service life of a mechanical cutter are increased, and the abrasion of the mechanical cutter is reduced; the overhaul time of the mechanical rock breaking device is shortened, the rock breaking construction efficiency is greatly increased, and the construction cost is reduced. The patent [ 202011384511.X ] discloses a rock-breaking shield machine system and an operation method using temperature difference as an auxiliary measure, wherein the friction face is required to be rubbed to generate large heat, so that the rotation speed of a friction element is extremely high, but the kinetic energy is influenced by frictional heat generation to further influence the rotation speed, and the friction forms transmission resistance, such as friction between rotating parts, friction between relative sliding parts and the like, and the power consumption is increased. The application can avoid large energy consumption and electric power consumption caused by friction in the examples. The friction original paper that designs in the patent is easily impaired, probably makes its friction element of rock not reach heating temperature yet take place to damage, damages and need the maintenance, has increased maintenance duration, has reduced the efficiency of construction. This application is because the high temperature flame shower nozzle highly will be less than the section height of chunk hobbing cutter with the low temperature water shower nozzle, consequently is difficult for impairedly to can make the smooth abundant heating of rock. In the patent, the heat generated by friction is low, and the heat generated by friction can only enable the rock to reach about 200 degrees. And the flame injection apparatus in this application can make the rock heat to 500-600 degrees, and the fire is burnt fully, when meeting cold water sharp stone, can produce great crack, improves cutting efficiency. In the in-process of water spray cooling in the patent, the hydrone can be attached to on the face, because the hydrone can not the frictional heating, consequently influence friction efficiency, and the low temperature cold water that sprays in this application can not bring harmful effects to the tunneling process, can improve the humidity in the air on the contrary, has certain dust removal effect. Compared with other patents adopting the same principle, the high-temperature flame and the low-temperature water dripping are adopted, the structure required by the composite cutter head is not too complex, the power consumption and the power are not too high, and the factors of thermal runaway and the like are not generated generally. This application is in supplementary tunnelling every time burning water dribble of in-process take place alone, each other do not influence, consequently can not influence next process because last burning water dribble of burning water.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a sectional top view of a cold-hot alternating type reverse well rock-enlarging device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional front view of the structure of the cold and hot alternating type well-reversing rock-expanding device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a high temperature flame spraying apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the low-temperature high-pressure water spraying device of the present invention;
in the figure: the spacing or size between each other is exaggerated to show the location of the locations, and the illustration is for illustrative purposes only.
1. The novel water-saving type fire-fighting drill bit comprises an expanded bit body (a second layer of cutter head), a base bit body (a first layer of cutter head), a pull rod, a groove-shaped hob base, a tooth-embedded hob, a reserved circular hole, a reserved square hole, a water baffle, a slag hole, a 10 acetylene cylinder, an 11 oxygen cylinder, a 12 acetylene pipe, a 13 oxygen pipe, a 14 air pipe connector, a 15 acetylene regulating valve, a 16 oxygen regulating valve, a 17 gas transmission main pipe, a 18 connecting device, a 19 gas transmission branch pipe, a 20 high-temperature flame nozzle head, a 21 ignition and control device, a 22 flow divider, a 23 high-pressure water tank, a 24 water transmission rubber main pipe, a 25 connecting piece, a 26 rotary connector, a 27 flow divider, a 28 water transmission branch pipe and a 29 low-temperature high-pressure water spray nozzle head.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
for convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in the present invention, if any, merely indicate correspondence with the directions of up, down, left and right of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, rather than indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.
As mentioned in the background art, the existing reaming cutterhead mainly uses a hob to roll rock to break rock in the use process, but in the independent use process, the hob is easily worn, so that the hob needs to be replaced frequently, the overhaul time and the overhaul cost are increased, and the construction period is delayed.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 4, this embodiment discloses a disc body of a reaming device for a raise boring machine, which includes an expanded bit body 1 and a basic bit body 2, wherein the expanded bit body 1 is fixedly connected with the basic bit body 2 by bolts, a disc which is a little larger than the base disc is arranged on the base disc of the basic bit body 2, and the disc is connected with the top disc of the expanded bit body 1 by bolts, that is, the basic bit body 2 is higher than the expanded bit body 1 and contacts with a rock mass first; the anti-well drilling machine is characterized in that a pull rod 3 is arranged at the longitudinal center of a disc body, and for an anti-well drilling machine, the pull rod is connected in a segmented mode and disassembled section by section, so that a detachable connection mode with threads is adopted between each section of pull rod, namely the end part of one section of pull rod is in a thread shape and is screwed with the tail end of the other section of pull rod, a first pull rod is arranged, the end part of the first pull rod is also in a thread shape, but the tail end of the first pull rod is fixedly connected with an expansion drill bit body 1 and a basic drill bit body 2, so that the first pull rod, the expansion drill bit body 1 and the basic drill bit body 2 jointly form a whole, a locking device is arranged between the tail end of the first pull rod and the expansion drill bit body 1 to prevent the drill bit body from sliding and falling off, and a cutter groove-shaped base 4, a tooth-inlaid hobbing cutter 5, a reserved water spraying circular hole 6, a reserved fire-spraying square hole 7, a water baffle 8 between two nozzles and a slag outlet 9 are arranged on the expansion drill bit 1.
The inserted hob 5 is arranged on the groove-shaped base 4 at the edge of the disc body, two inserted hobs are arranged in each groove-shaped base 4 to form a block, each layer of the block comprises five blocks, and the inserted hob blocks are uniformly distributed on each layer of the base.
As shown in fig. 1, further, a plurality of reserved flame spraying square holes 7, reserved water spraying circular holes 6 and slag outlets 9 are uniformly arranged on the expanded bit body 1, a water baffle plate 8 is arranged between the reserved flame spraying square holes 7 and the reserved water spraying circular holes 6, and the slag outlets 9 are positioned at inner rings of the reserved flame spraying square holes 7 and the reserved water spraying circular holes 6; a high-temperature flame nozzle 20 is arranged in the flame spraying square hole 7, and a low-temperature water nozzle 29 is arranged in the reserved water spraying circular hole 6; the setting heights of the two nozzles are smaller than the setting height of the cutter opposite to the tunnel face, so that the cold and hot alternating device can work normally, and the friction damage of the cold and hot alternating device is prevented; the slag hole 9 is provided to prevent the cut crushed stones from being accumulated on the cutter head and to allow the crushed stones to fall down.
Furthermore, a high-temperature flame nozzle 20 and a low-temperature water nozzle 29 are combined into a group of auxiliary units, the distance between the two nozzles is fixed, a water baffle 8 is arranged between the two nozzles to prevent the two nozzles from interfering with each other, a plurality of groups of auxiliary units of the type are arranged on the bit body for this purpose, and the tail end of each nozzle is connected with a control system, so that the automation and the intellectualization of fire spraying and water spraying are realized.
As shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic structural diagram of a high-temperature flame spraying device, the high-temperature flame nozzle 20 in fig. 2 is connected with a pipeline conveying system, the pipeline system is embedded in a containing cavity of a pull rod 3, a gas transmission main pipe 17 is connected with the pull rod 3 in a segmented manner, each segment of gas transmission pipe is embedded in each segment of pull rod, the gas transmission main pipe is gradually shortened along with the removal of one segment of the pull rod, each segment of gas transmission main pipe is screwed up through a nut and has better tightness, the tail end of the gas transmission main pipe is connected with a connector 18, an acetylene cylinder 10 and an oxygen cylinder 11 are placed outside a main machine part and are supplied with gas through an acetylene pipe 12 and an oxygen pipe 13, two pipelines are connected with one end by a gas pipe connector 14, the other end is connected with the gas transmission main pipe 17, an acetylene regulating valve 15 and an oxygen regulating valve 16 are arranged on the two pipelines, the valve is used for controlling the supply of acetylene and oxygen to the high-temperature flame nozzle, the valve can also realize the automation of opening and closing of the valve through an automatic control device, finally, the gas is conveyed to a flow divider 22 through a pipe fitting 17, the flow divider of the integral structure is arranged in a circular shape and is uniformly distributed to each branch pipe 19 through the flow divider, the automatic ignition and the combustion control function of the automatic ignition and ignition are realized through an automatic ignition and control device 21 at each nozzle 20, a flame nozzle head 20 is embedded in a reserved square hole 7 of a disc body, the injection section of the flame nozzle head is right opposite to the surface of rock, the whole device is provided with a driving and control cable which can penetrate through the inside accommodating cavity of the pull rod 3 and is installed at a bottom reaming cutter head, and in the upward reaming process, the control cable is continuously retracted into a cable accommodating box.
As shown in fig. 3, which is a schematic structural diagram of a low-temperature high-pressure water injection device, in fig. 3, a low-temperature water nozzle 29 is connected with a pipeline system, the pipeline system is embedded in a containing cavity of a pull rod 3, a high-pressure water tank 23 is arranged outside a main machine part, water is delivered through a water delivery rubber main pipe 24, the water pipe is connected with a connector 25, the water delivery rubber main pipe 24 is connected with a rotary joint 26 through the connector 25, the rotary joint is in a circular structure and sleeved on a flow divider 27, the rotary joint and the flow divider 27 are communicated and hermetically connected, water is delivered into high-pressure water pipes 28 of each branch through the flow divider 27, finally, low-temperature water is injected through the high-pressure water nozzle 29, the nozzle ends are inclined with the surface of a rock, all the water injection ends are inclined by the same angle towards the counterclockwise direction, the angle is smaller than 90 degrees, so that the low-temperature water injection is rotated towards the same direction, the falling of crushed stone carried by the water is facilitated, the water flow is simultaneously, the injection surface is increased, and a driving and control cable is arranged in the whole device to quickly penetrate through the containing cavity inside the pull rod 3 and is arranged at a bottom reaming cutter head.
In this working environment, the high temperature flame nozzle 20 and the low temperature water nozzle 29 are not in contact with the rock and are always kept at a certain distance.
The invention provides a rock expanding method for expanding a small hole and then expanding a hole, which is realized based on the cold-hot alternating type raise boring device, wherein in the construction process of the raise boring method, a pilot well is drilled firstly, a guide hole is drilled from top to bottom until the guide hole penetrates through a lower horizontal channel, a guide hole drill bit is dismounted, the hole expanding drill bit is connected with the rock expanding drill bit, then the hole is expanded from bottom to top, the small hole is expanded through a basic drill bit body (a first layer drill bit body) 2, a large hole is expanded through an expanding drill bit body (a second layer drill bit body) 1, high-temperature flame injection is carried out through a control cable in the rotation process of a cutter head body, the temperature is reduced and water is sprayed for expanding the hole at intervals, the rock mass is extruded through a tooth embedding hob in the whole process to expand and break the rock, so that a complete hole is expanded, the strength of surrounding rock on a working face is reduced, the rock expanding efficiency is improved, and the abrasion degree of the cutter is reduced.
In the construction process of the invention, the concrete steps are as follows:
(1) and the drill rod goes deep into the bottom of the shaft along the guide hole, and the cold and hot alternating type inverse well rock expanding device is installed for expanding the hole.
(2) And (3) sending a control circuit, a gas transmission main pipe fitting 17 and a water transmission main pipe 24 into the accommodating cavity of the pull rod 3, wherein the end part of the control circuit is connected with the rock expansion cutter head and is connected with a control device 18.
(3) Firstly, the basic drill bit body 2 is close to the rock mass and firstly carries out high-temperature flame injection on the rock mass in the designated area, and then carries out low-temperature water spray cooling on the area after a period of time.
(4) The main machine part provides torque and tension for the drill rod, the inserted hob 5 rotates after being pressed into the broken rocks on the face, the foundation bit body firstly rolls the rocks to expand small holes, and the broken rocks fall through the through holes 9 of the hollow area of the disc body.
(5) After the base bit body 2 is reamed until the expanded bit body 1 is close to the rock, the drill rod stops rotating and pulling, the expanded bit body 1 is close to the rock, high-temperature flame spraying is firstly carried out on the rock in the designated area, and low-temperature water spraying and cooling are carried out on the area after a period of time.
(6) The main machine part provides torque and tension for the drill rod again, the inserted hob 5 rotates after being pressed into the broken rock on the face, the expanded bit body 1 rolls the rock to expand a large hole, and the broken rock falls through the through hole 9 of the hollow area of the disc body.
(7) The control cable part is continuously retracted into the cable accommodating box at the main machine part along with the disassembly of the pull rod, and the gas transmission main pipe fitting 17 and the water transmission rubber main pipe fitting 24 are retracted into the pipeline accommodating box at the main machine part.
(8) And (4) continuously repeating the steps from (3) to (7), namely expanding the small holes and then expanding the holes, and expanding the holes from bottom to top by adopting a raise-boring method until the cold-hot alternating raise-boring rock expanding device drills out the ground.
(9) The water is collected in the whole construction process through the water tank, and the water is filtered and recycled.
According to the invention, the cracks are generated in the rock by utilizing the 'one-cold-one-hot' thermal expansion-cooling and thermal splitting, so that the rock is easy to break, the rock breaking efficiency is improved, and the construction cost is reduced.
Finally, it is also noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The cold and hot alternating type raise boring device is characterized by comprising a pull rod and a cutter head, wherein the cutter head comprises a basic bit body and an expansion bit body; the outer ring of the expanded bit body and the outer ring of the basic bit body are provided with a plurality of groove-shaped hob bases, a group of tooth-inlaid hobs are installed in each hob base, a first hole and a second hole are formed between the adjacent hob bases, a high-temperature flame nozzle is arranged in the first hole, a low-temperature water nozzle is arranged in the second hole, and slag outlets are formed in the inner rings of the first hole and the second hole.
2. The cold and hot alternating reverse well rock-expanding device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high temperature flame nozzle is connected with a pipe system in the pull rod, and the pipe system is connected with an acetylene supply device and an oxygen supply device.
3. The cold-hot alternating type raise boring device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the jet section of the high temperature flame jet nozzle is opposite to the rock surface.
4. The cold-hot alternating type raise boring device according to claim 2, wherein each high temperature flame nozzle is connected with a circular splitter; the annular flow divider is connected with a pipeline system.
5. The cold and hot alternating raise boring device of claim 1, wherein the cryogenic water nozzle is connected to a circular splitter, and the circular splitter is connected to a water supply.
6. A cold-hot alternating type raise boring device according to claim 1, wherein the jetting section of said low temperature water jet is inclined to the rock surface, and all the jetting ends are inclined in the counterclockwise direction by the same angle less than 90 °.
7. The cold-hot alternating type raise boring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a water baffle is placed on the tray body between the low temperature water nozzle and the high temperature flame nozzle.
8. The cold and hot alternating raise-boring rock-expanding device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-temperature flame nozzles and the low-temperature high-pressure water nozzles are lower than the cross-sectional height of the hob and the spraying path coincides with the circumferential path of the cutting of the hob.
9. The method for expanding the rock by using the cold-hot alternating type inverse well rock expanding device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, a drill rod penetrates into the bottom of the drill rod along a guide hole, and the cold-hot alternating type inverse well rock expanding device is installed;
and 2, feeding the control circuit and the water delivery main pipe into a containing cavity of the pull rod, wherein the end part of the control circuit is connected with the rock expansion cutterhead and the control device.
Step 3, carrying out flame injection on the foundation bit body close to the rock mass, and spraying water for cooling after a period of time;
step 4, the main machine part provides torque and tension for the drill rod, an inserted hob on the basic drill bit body contacts cracked rocks to rotate, the rocks are firstly rolled to expand holes, and the crushed rocks fall through the hollow areas of the disc body;
step 5, moving until the expanded bit body is close to the rock, stopping rotating and pulling the drill rod, spraying flame on the expanded bit body, and spraying water to cool after a period of time;
step 6, the main machine part provides torque and tension for the drill rod again, the inserted hob on the expanded drill body contacts with the cracked rock to rotate, the rock is rolled to enlarge the hole, and the crushed rock falls through the hollow area of the disc body;
step 7, the control cable part is continuously retracted into a cable accommodating box at the main machine part along with the disassembly of the pull rod, and the water conveying pipe part is retracted into a pipeline accommodating box at the main machine part;
step 8, continuously repeating the step 3 to the step 7, namely expanding the small holes and then expanding the holes, expanding the holes from bottom to top by adopting a raise-over method, and continuously disassembling the pull rod in the process until the cold-hot alternating raise-over rock expansion device drills out the ground;
and 9, collecting water in the whole construction process by arranging a water tank and carrying out filtration and cyclic utilization.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211273134.1A CN115419370A (en) | 2022-10-18 | 2022-10-18 | Cold-hot alternating type reverse well rock expanding device and construction method |
| PCT/CN2023/125027 WO2024083130A1 (en) | 2022-10-18 | 2023-10-17 | Cooling-heating alternating raise-boring rock-breaking apparatus and construction method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211273134.1A CN115419370A (en) | 2022-10-18 | 2022-10-18 | Cold-hot alternating type reverse well rock expanding device and construction method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115419370A true CN115419370A (en) | 2022-12-02 |
Family
ID=84207797
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211273134.1A Pending CN115419370A (en) | 2022-10-18 | 2022-10-18 | Cold-hot alternating type reverse well rock expanding device and construction method |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115419370A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2024083130A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024083130A1 (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2024-04-25 | 山东建筑大学 | Cooling-heating alternating raise-boring rock-breaking apparatus and construction method |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3357505A (en) * | 1965-06-30 | 1967-12-12 | Dale E Armstrong | High temperature rock drill |
| CN201391233Y (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-01-27 | 中国水利水电建设集团公司 | Raise boring bit |
| CN101571031A (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2009-11-04 | 北京中煤矿山工程有限公司 | Split type reaming bit for large-diameter raising-boring and assembly method thereof |
| CN103527085B (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2015-09-23 | 赵晴堂 | Thermal-flame assists intelligent rig |
| CN206376750U (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-08-04 | 四川金占机械制造有限责任公司 | A kind of reaming hole detritus inserted tooth hob drill bit |
| CN108222958A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-29 | 长安大学 | A kind of tunneling boring rock tunnel development machine cutterhead burnt water and swash addi-tional crusher rock |
| CN111502669A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-07 | 河南发恩德矿业有限公司 | Reamer for reverse well construction |
| CN115110897A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-09-27 | 江苏和信石油机械有限公司 | Inclined shaft drilling machine for pressure pipeline construction integrated directional reverse shaft |
| CN115419370A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-12-02 | 中铁十四局集团第二工程有限公司 | Cold-hot alternating type reverse well rock expanding device and construction method |
-
2022
- 2022-10-18 CN CN202211273134.1A patent/CN115419370A/en active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-10-17 WO PCT/CN2023/125027 patent/WO2024083130A1/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2024083130A1 (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2024-04-25 | 山东建筑大学 | Cooling-heating alternating raise-boring rock-breaking apparatus and construction method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2024083130A1 (en) | 2024-04-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107916939B (en) | Cutter head of full-section hard rock tunnel boring machine and boring method | |
| CN101586441B (en) | High-pressure water jet system and method for drilling and enlarging holes on coal bed | |
| CN115419370A (en) | Cold-hot alternating type reverse well rock expanding device and construction method | |
| CN113107516B (en) | Hard rock tunnel boring machine with microwave heating and high-pressure water cutting combined assistance for rock breaking | |
| CN110685683A (en) | Top-releasing device and method for front-mixing type abrasive water jet flow directional cutting top plate | |
| CN205823287U (en) | Ultrahigh pressure auxiliary rock TBM cutterhead | |
| CN107152241B (en) | Thermal jet drag bit device | |
| WO2022052288A1 (en) | Remotely controlled high-efficiency hydraulic cutting device for permeability increase of coal seam, and construction method | |
| CN204002821U (en) | A kind of brill for TBM rolls the cutter head structure of combination | |
| CN110805447A (en) | High-pressure water jet double-slit coupling rock breaking heading machine | |
| CN112796664A (en) | Microwave-assisted supercritical carbon dioxide jet drilling device and method | |
| CN112096396A (en) | Microwave, laser and cavitation jet combined rock breaking cutter head and rock breaking method | |
| WO2024083129A1 (en) | Composite rock-breaking cutterhead and tunnel boring machine comprising same | |
| CN201221361Y (en) | Connecting downhole fully-mechanized mining and digging machine wind and water mixed spraying apparatus | |
| CN209195246U (en) | Device for cutting rock stratum | |
| WO2024104163A1 (en) | Telescopic shield tunneling machine cutterhead, shield tunneling machine and construction method therefor | |
| CN1068051C (en) | Tap hole drilling machine for blast furnace, drill bit for use in tap hole drilling machine, and tap hole drilling method | |
| CN112539068B (en) | Rock-breaking shield machine system with temperature difference as auxiliary measure and operation method | |
| CN101307691A (en) | Wind water mixed atomizing method for down-hole coal cutter fully-mechanized coal winning machine | |
| CN112855025B (en) | High-efficient broken rock drilling acceleration system of auxiliary drill bit is split to heat | |
| CN111577304A (en) | Shield tunneling machine capable of prolonging service life of cutter and using method thereof | |
| CN210622807U (en) | High-pressure hydraulic auxiliary tunneling cutter head for earth pressure balance shield machine | |
| CN111379524B (en) | Raise boring equipment and process for gas cooling and slag discharging in water-deficient environment | |
| CN205100877U (en) | Colliery combination of arborescent drilling of hydraulic jet in pit drilling tool | |
| CN210829247U (en) | Top-laying device for front-mixing type abrasive water jet flow directional cutting top plate |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |