CN115407049B - Method for measuring and calculating carbon sink potential of soil in water and soil conservation engineering measures - Google Patents
Method for measuring and calculating carbon sink potential of soil in water and soil conservation engineering measures Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring and calculating carbon sink potential of soil in water and soil conservation engineering measures, which comprises the steps of dividing the water and soil conservation engineering measures into a point type and a surface type; for spot-type tooling Cheng Cuoshi: the sediment accumulation and carbon fixation amount of the spot type tool Cheng Cuoshi is finally calculated by measuring the maximum storage capacity, the layered sediment accumulation of the blocked sediment amount, calculating sediment accumulation potential of the part of the spot type engineering which is not full, and the like; for face-type tooling Cheng Cuoshi: the carbon fixation amount of the surface engineering measures is finally calculated by calculating parameters such as the service life of the engineering measures, the area of a control area of the surface engineering measures, the soil erosion modulus of the surface engineering measures, and the like. And finally, calculating the total carbon sequestration amount of the engineering measures in the area by combining the results of the point-type engineering measures and the surface-type engineering measures. The invention scientifically and comprehensively considers the category of water and soil conservation engineering measures and the loss of carbon in the sediment transportation process, and the measuring and calculating result is more true and accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of carbon sink maintenance of water and soil, and particularly relates to a method for measuring and calculating carbon sink of soil by means of water and soil conservation engineering measures.
Background
The water and soil conservation engineering measures can effectively reduce water and soil loss, fix and increase the organic carbon content of soil, and are an important way for carbon sink of the soil. Li Yong et al (2003) selected a typical loess plateau hilly gully region for research, and used 12 ground dams in the Zhuang Gouliu region of northeast of the pagoda region of Yanan city, shaanxi as research objects, and the results showed that: 12 silting dams in the Zhuang Gouliu domain of 1957-2000 are used for storing 1.73X105 t of organic carbon, and the storage strength of the carbon in the river basin is improved by 0.13-5.03t.hm 2 ·a -1 Average 1.28 t.hm 2 ·a -1 . Fu Suhua and the like (2009) find that the average sand reduction benefit of soil and water conservation engineering measures such as fish scale pits, horizontal strips and the like exceeds 90% for many years, and meanwhile, research also finds that the construction of a sand sedimentation tank and a small reservoir can strengthen sediment accumulation and burial to form deep soil carbon which is not easy to mineralize, thereby realizing carbon burial and increasing soil carbon sink. The silt dam is waterThe soil flow loss channel governs the backbone strength of engineering, and the arrangement of the silt dam not only can improve the organic carbon content of soil, but also can block the silt soil, so that the waste ditches become artificial small plains, the cultivated land area is increased, and the plant productivity on the ground surface is greatly improved. Yuan Limin (2014) and the like find that the sand barrier can reduce wind erosion, and the soil organic matter content is increased by combining with planted vegetation, so that the carbon fixing effect is achieved. Yue Yao et al (2016) calculated the carbon flux characteristics due to small-watershed scale soil erosion/fouling, while calculated the nationwide scale soil organics and CO due to erosion 2 Flux change.
At present, the influence of soil erosion on soil carbon is calculated without considering the effect of water and soil conservation engineering measures on soil carbon, the research of engineering measures is generally the research of actually measuring the change of soil carbon and is the research of single engineering measures, no classification research is carried out on the water and soil conservation engineering measures, and no calculation method of the water and soil conservation engineering measures on soil carbon sink exists at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the existing demand of calculating carbon sink of water and soil conservation engineering measures, the invention aims to provide a commonly applicable method for measuring and calculating the potential of carbon sink of soil aiming at different water and soil conservation engineering measures.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
a method for measuring and calculating carbon sink potential of soil by water and soil conservation engineering measures comprises the following steps:
step one, classifying adopted water and soil conservation engineering measures: the method is divided into a surface type measure and a point type measure; the surface type measure is an engineering measure for controlling the soil erosion of the surface scale; the point-type measure is a measure for intercepting and storing corroded sediment;
step two, determining the maximum storage capacity Q of the point engineering measure Maximum value And a stratified sedimentation amount of the blocked sediment amount, the sum of the stratified sedimentation amounts being the blocked sediment amount Q of the dot type Cheng Cuoshi Has already been provided with ；
Calculating sediment storage potential of the part of the point type engineering which is not full of sediment: the maximum reservoir capacity of the point-type engineering measures is adopted to subtract the point-type engineering measures to block the mudSand amount, namely: q (Q) Maximum value －Q Has already been provided with ；
Calculating the coefficient alpha of other corrosion reducing effects which can be exerted after the spot-type engineering reaches the maximum reservoir capacity;
measuring the layered organic carbon content of sediment in the fixed-point engineering siltation layer and the organic carbon content of soil in an erosion area;
step six, calculating sediment blocking and carbon fixation amount of the spot type tool Cheng Cuoshi: the calculation is performed by using formulas (1) to (5):
C point(s) ＝C The dot has been +C Dot is not (1)
C Dot is not ＝Q Potential G Erosion of /1000 (4)
Q Potential ＝(Q Maximum value -Q Has already been provided with )+Q Maximum value α (5)
Wherein: c (C) Point(s) The unit is t for blocking sediment and carbon fixation of the spot type Cheng Cuoshi; c (C) The dot has been The carbon fixation amount of the deposited sediment is t for the point-type engineering measure; c (C) Dot is not The future carbon fixation potential is measured by point-type engineering measures, and the unit is t; q (Q) i The unit of the i layer deposition amount of the deposited sediment is t; g i The unit of the organic carbon content of the ith layer of sediment is kg/t; q (Q) Has already been provided with The sediment quantity is blocked for point-type engineering measures, and the unit is t; q (Q) Potential The total potential is blocked by a dotted type Cheng Nisha, and the unit is t; g Erosion of The organic carbon content of soil in the erosion area is kg/t for the point-type engineering measure; q (Q) Maximum value The maximum storage capacity of the spot-type engineering measure is represented by t; alpha is the coefficient of other corrosion reducing effects which can be exerted after the point type engineering reaches the maximum reservoir capacity, the value range is 0-1, and no unit exists;
step seven, calculating the engineering measure using year Y (for example, engineering measure building time is 1990, calculating the current year is 2022, and Y is 2022-1990=32);
step eight, determining the organic carbon content G of the surface soil in the inner area of the surface type engineering measure In-plane ；
Step nine, measuring the area A of a control area of the surface engineering measure Flour with a plurality of grooves (by measurement in the field or on a topographical map);
step ten, respectively establishing a non-surface engineering measure and a surface engineering Cheng Cuoshi runoff district, and measuring the annual total sand production of the district; dividing the annual total sand production of the area without the surface type Cheng Cuoshi runoff to obtain the soil erosion modulus X of the area without the surface type engineering measure 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Dividing the annual total sand production of the area-shaped Cheng Cuoshi runoff district by the area of the district to obtain a soil erosion modulus X of the area-shaped shaping measure;
step eleven, measuring the sand conveying amount and calculating the sediment conveying ratio SDR;
step twelve, calculating the sediment storage and carbon fixation amount of the surface-shaped tool Cheng Cuoshi, and calculating by adopting formulas (6) - (8):
C flour with a plurality of grooves ＝Q Flour with a plurality of grooves G In-plane Y/1000 (6)
Q Flour with a plurality of grooves ＝A Flour with a plurality of grooves (X 0 -X) (7)
X＝X 0 E (8)
Wherein: c (C) Flour with a plurality of grooves The unit of the sediment accumulation carbon fixation quantity is t for the surface type Cheng Cuoshi; q (Q) Flour with a plurality of grooves The unit of the soil erosion sand reduction/fixation amount is t/a; g In-plane The organic carbon content of the soil on the surface layer of the inner area of the surface type engineering measure is kg/t; y is the service year of engineering measures, and the unit is a; a is that Flour with a plurality of grooves The area of the control area is km for the surface engineering measure 2 ；X 0 The soil erosion modulus is the unit of t/(km) for the non-planar engineering measure 2 A); x is the soil erosion modulus of the surface engineering measure, and the unit is t/(km) 2 A); e is engineering measure factor (value referenceChinese soil erosion equation (CSLE);
thirteenth step, determining soil organic carbon content G in erosion zone in face type engineering measure control zone Erosion of And sediment organic carbon content G in the sedimentation zone Fouling of ；
Fourteen, calculating the total carbon fixation amount of engineering measures in the area:
and when the sediment transport ratio is not considered, adopting a formula (9) for calculation:
C＝C flour with a plurality of grooves +C Point(s) (9)
When the sediment transport ratio is considered, the calculation is carried out by adopting formulas (10) to (11):
C＝C flour with a plurality of grooves SDR+C Point(s) +C Flour with a plurality of grooves (1-SDR)b (10)
b＝1-G Fouling of /G Intrusion control (11)
Wherein: c is the carbon fixation amount in the region, and the unit is t; SDR is sediment transport ratio of engineering measure management and control area; b is the carbon ratio lost in the carrying-sedimentation process after the soil is eroded, and is between 0 and 1; g Intrusion control The soil organic carbon content of the eroded area in the area is controlled by the surface engineering measure, and the unit is kg/t; g Fouling of The organic carbon content of sediment in the sedimentation zone is kg/t.
Further, in the first step, the surface-type measure includes: terrace, horizontal step, horizontal ditch, bamboo joint ditch, fish scale hole, large-scale fruit tree hole, sand barrier sand fixation, engineering protection road, the punctiform measure includes: slope small-sized storage and discharge engineering, ditch head protection, check dam, and land dam.
Further, in the second step, the layered sediment amount of the blocked sediment amount is selected to be 20cm as one layer, and the ith layer of sediment amount of the sediment is represented as Q i ，
Q i ＝A i ·h i ·BD i /1000
Wherein: q (Q) i The unit of the i layer deposition amount of the deposited sediment is t; a is that i The bottom area of the ith layer is the unit of square meter for sediment deposition; h is a i The thickness of the ith layer of sediment is m; BD (BD) i Fouling of the ith layer of siltSilt volume weight in kg/m 3 。
Further, in step four, α=1- (S) Full of /S Not yet ) Wherein: s is S Full of The sand yield is measured in t/yr at the outlet of the point-type engineering measure after the point-type engineering measure is full; s is S Not yet The output sand yield is t/yr when no point-building engineering measures are taken; yr represents year.
Further, in the fifth step, the specific operation is: the point-type engineering sample of the sediment of the whole siltation layer is collected, and the organic carbon content G of the ith layer of the siltation sediment is measured by using an organic carbon analyzer in a layered manner i Taking 20cm as a layer; the organic carbon content of the soil in the erosion zone is determined by using an organic carbon analyzer according to a collected 5cm soil sample on the soil surface layer of the erosion zone, and the organic carbon content of the soil in the erosion zone is expressed as G by using point-type engineering measures Intrusion control 。
Further, in the step eight, the specific operation is: collecting a soil sample with the surface layer of 5cm in the inner area of the surface engineering measure, and measuring the organic carbon content G of the soil by using an organic carbon analyzer In-plane 。
Further, in the step ten, the specific operations of establishing a non-surface engineering measure and a surface engineering Cheng Cuoshi runoff district and measuring the total annual sand production of the district are as follows: the non-surface engineering measures are the same as those of the surface engineering Cheng Cuoshi runoff plot except the engineering measures, sediment collecting and accumulating equipment is placed below the plot, sediment in the runoff is collected, the sediment is collected and weighed after each rainfall, each sediment production amount is obtained, and the sum of each sediment production amount in one year is the total sediment production amount in one year.
Further, in the eleventh step, the specific operation of measuring the sediment transport ratio SDR is as follows: and a bayonet station is arranged at an outlet of the area, sediment collection and storage equipment is arranged, sediment in runoff is collected, the sediment is collected and weighed after each rainfall, each time of sediment transport is obtained, the sum of each time of sediment transport in one year is the total sediment transport in one year, and the ratio of the total sediment transport to the total sediment production is the sediment transport ratio SDR.
Further, in step thirteenth, the specific operation is: soil sample of 5cm on soil surface of erosion zone collected in erosion zone of surface engineering measure control zone is deposited in the presence of soil sampleCollecting sediment samples of the whole sedimentary layer in the zone, and respectively measuring the organic carbon content G of soil in the erosion zone by using an organic carbon analyzer Intrusion control And sediment organic carbon content G in the sedimentation zone Silt and water And (3) accumulation.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: the invention provides a method for calculating carbon sink of water and soil conservation engineering measures for surface type and point type for the first time according to different data conditions under the condition of considering the change of soil organic carbon in soil erosion-transfer-deposition process. Compared with other calculation methods in the prior art, the calculation method for the carbon sink potential of the soil provided by the invention is more scientific and comprehensive, considers the category of the soil and water conservation engineering measures and the loss of carbon in the sediment transportation process, and has more accurate results.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a 2 terrace and bayonet station in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a method for measuring and calculating carbon sink potential of soil in water and soil conservation engineering measures comprises the following steps:
step one, classifying water and soil conservation engineering measures, dividing the engineering measures with the control function of the erosion of the soil with a relative scale into surface types, and dividing the measures with the interception and storage functions of the eroded sediment into point-type measures.
TABLE 1 classification of soil and water conservation engineering measures
| Engineering measures applicable to this patent | Classification |
| Terrace with a terrace | Surface type |
| Level steps | Surface type |
| Horizontal ditch | Surface type |
| Bamboo joint ditch | Surface type |
| Fish scale pit | Surface type |
| Large fruit tree pit | Surface type |
| Sand barrier for fixing sand | Surface type |
| Engineering road protector | Surface type |
| Slope small-sized storage and discharge engineering | Point type |
| Trench head protection | Point type |
| Check dam | Point type |
| Silt dam | Point type |
Step two, determining the maximum storage capacity Q of the point engineering measure Maximum value And a stratified sedimentation amount of the blocked sediment amount, the sum of the stratified sedimentation amounts being the blocked sediment amount Q of the dot type Cheng Cuoshi Has already been provided with ；
The layered sediment amount of the blocked sediment amount is selected to be one layer, and the i layer sediment amount of sediment is expressed as Q i ，
Q i ＝A i ·h i ·BD i /1000
Wherein: q (Q) i The unit of the i layer deposition amount of the deposited sediment is t; a is that i The bottom area of the ith layer is the unit of square meter for sediment deposition; h is a i The thickness of the ith layer of sediment is m; BD (BD) i The unit of the volume weight of the sediment is kg/m for the ith layer of the sediment 3 。
Calculating sediment storage potential of the part of the point type engineering which is not full of sediment: the sediment blocking amount of the point type tool Cheng Cuoshi is subtracted from the maximum reservoir capacity of the point type tool, namely: q (Q) Maximum value －Q Has already been provided with 。
Calculating the coefficient alpha of other corrosion reducing effects which can be exerted after the point type engineering measure reaches the maximum reservoir capacity, wherein the coefficient alpha is the ratio of the output sand yield of the point type engineering measure after the point type engineering measure is fully silted to the output sand yield of the point type engineering measure when the point type engineering measure is not built;
α＝1-(S full of /S Not yet ) Wherein: s is S Full of The sand yield is measured in t/yr at the outlet of the point-type engineering measure after the point-type engineering measure is full; s is S Not yet The output sand yield is t/yr when the point-type engineering measures are not built.
Measuring the layered organic carbon content of sediment in the fixed-point engineering siltation layer and the organic carbon content of soil in an erosion area: the point-type engineering sample of the sediment of the whole siltation layer is collected, and the organic carbon content G of the ith layer of the siltation sediment is measured by using an organic carbon analyzer in a layered manner i Taking 20cm as a layer; the organic carbon content of the soil in the erosion zone is measured according to the collected 5cm soil sample on the soil surface layer of the erosion zone by using an organic carbon analyzer to measure the organic carbon content G of the soil in the erosion zone by using spot type engineering measures Intrusion into And (5) etching.
Step six, calculating the sediment blocking and carbon fixation amount of the dot pattern Cheng Cuoshi according to formulas (1) - (5);
C point(s) ＝C The dot has been +C Dot is not (1)
C Dot is not ＝Q Potential G Erosion of /1000 (4)
Q Potential ＝(Q Maximum value -Q Has already been provided with )+Q Maximum value α (5)
Wherein: c (C) Point(s) The unit is t for blocking sediment and carbon fixation of the spot type Cheng Cuoshi; c (C) The dot has been The carbon fixation amount of the deposited sediment is t for the point-type engineering measure; c (C) Dot is not The future carbon fixation potential is measured by point-type engineering measures, and the unit is t; q (Q) i The unit of the i layer deposition amount of the deposited sediment is t; g i The unit of the organic carbon content of the ith layer of sediment is kg/t; q (Q) Has already been provided with The sediment quantity is blocked for point-type engineering measures, and the unit is t; q (Q) Potential The total sediment storage potential of the point type engineering is t; g Erosion of The organic carbon content of soil in the erosion area is kg/t for the point-type engineering measure; q (Q) Maximum value The maximum storage capacity of the spot-type engineering measure is represented by t; alpha is the coefficient of other corrosion reducing effects which can be exerted after the point type engineering reaches the maximum reservoir capacity, and the value range is 0-1 without units.
Step seven, calculating the engineering measure using year Y, for example, the engineering measure building time is 1990, and calculating the current year is 2022, then Y is 2022-1990 = 32;
step eight, determining the organic carbon content G of the surface soil in the inner area of the surface type engineering measure In-plane The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The specific operation is as follows: collecting a soil sample with the surface layer of 5cm in the inner area of the surface engineering measure, and using organic carbonAnalyzer for determining organic carbon content G in soil In-plane 。
Step nine, measuring the area A of a control area of the surface engineering measure Flour with a plurality of grooves (measured in the field or on a topographical map).
Step ten, respectively establishing a non-surface engineering measure and a surface engineering Cheng Cuoshi runoff district, and measuring the annual total sand production of the district; dividing the annual total sand production of the area without the surface type Cheng Cuoshi runoff to obtain the soil erosion modulus X of the area without the surface type engineering measure 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Dividing the annual total sand production of the area-shaped Cheng Cuoshi runoff district by the area of the district to obtain a soil erosion modulus X of the area-shaped shaping measure; the specific operations of establishing a non-surface engineering measure and a surface engineering Cheng Cuoshi runoff district and measuring the annual total sand production of the district are as follows: the non-surface engineering measures are the same as those of the surface engineering Cheng Cuoshi runoff plot except the engineering measures, sediment collecting and accumulating equipment is placed below the plot, sediment in the runoff is collected, the sediment is collected and weighed after each rainfall, each sediment production amount is obtained, and the sum of each sediment production amount in one year is the total sediment production amount in one year.
Step eleven, measuring the sediment transport amount, and calculating the sediment transport ratio SDR by the following specific operations: and a bayonet station is arranged at an outlet of the area, sediment collection and storage equipment is arranged, sediment in runoff is collected, the sediment is collected and weighed after each rainfall, each time of sediment transport is obtained, the sum of each time of sediment transport in one year is the total sediment transport in one year, and the ratio of the total sediment transport to the total sediment production is the sediment transport ratio SDR.
Step twelve, calculating the sediment storage and carbon fixation amount of the surface-shaped tool Cheng Cuoshi, and calculating by adopting formulas (6) - (8):
C flour with a plurality of grooves ＝Q Flour with a plurality of grooves G In-plane Y/1000 (6)
Q Flour with a plurality of grooves ＝A Flour with a plurality of grooves (X 0 -X) (7)
X＝X 0 E (8)
Wherein: c (C) Flour with a plurality of grooves The unit of the sediment accumulation carbon fixation quantity is t for the surface type Cheng Cuoshi; q (Q) Flour with a plurality of grooves Annual soil erosion for surface engineering measuresThe unit of the sand reduction/fixation is t/a; g In-plane The organic carbon content of the soil on the surface layer of the inner area of the surface type engineering measure is kg/t; y is the service year of engineering measures, and the unit is a; a is that Flour with a plurality of grooves The area of the control area is km for the surface engineering measure 2 ；X 0 The soil erosion modulus is the unit of t/(km) for the non-planar engineering measure 2 A); x is the soil erosion modulus of the surface engineering measure, and the unit is t/(km) 2 A); e is an engineering measure factor (the value of which is referred to 'Chinese soil erosion equation (CSLE)').
Thirteenth step, determining soil organic carbon content G in erosion zone in face type engineering measure control zone Intrusion control And sediment organic carbon content G in the sedimentation zone Fouling of The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The specific operation is as follows: soil samples of 5cm of the soil surface layer of the erosion zone are collected in the erosion zone of the surface engineering measure control zone, sediment samples of the whole sedimentation layer are collected in the sedimentation zone, and the organic carbon content G of the soil of the erosion zone is measured by an organic carbon analyzer respectively Intrusion control And sediment organic carbon content G in the sedimentation zone Fouling of 。
Fourteen, calculating the total carbon fixation amount of engineering measures in the area:
and when the sediment transport ratio is not considered, adopting a formula (9) for calculation:
C＝C flour with a plurality of grooves +C Point(s) (9)
When the sediment transport ratio is considered, the calculation is carried out by adopting formulas (10) to (11):
C＝C flour with a plurality of grooves SDR+C Point(s) +C Flour with a plurality of grooves (1-SDR)b (10)
b＝1-G Fouling of /G Intrusion control (11)
Wherein: c is the carbon fixation amount in the region, and the unit is t; SDR is sediment transport ratio of engineering measure management and control area; b is the carbon ratio lost in the carrying-sedimentation process after the soil is eroded, and is between 0 and 1; g Intrusion control The soil organic carbon content of the eroded area in the area is controlled by the surface engineering measure, and the unit is kg/t; g Fouling of The organic carbon content of sediment in the sedimentation zone is kg/t.
In this embodiment:
the calculation data of the spot-type engineering measure are as follows:
the point engineering measures select a silt dam, and the silt dam is built to design the maximum reservoir capacity Q Maximum value 500t, the actual measured organic carbon content of soil in the erosion area is G Erosion of 2.3kg/t, and the actual measurement of the outlet sand production S after the silt dam is full Full of At 400t/a, the sediment output S is measured at the outlet when the silt land dam is not built Not yet From the measured stratified sludge amount and organic carbon content (Table 1) and formulas (1) to (5) were found to be 500 t/a: deposited silt Q Has already been provided with 420t, carbon sequestration C of the deposited fraction The dot has been 0.825t, a 1-400t/a 500t/a = 0.2, future fouling potential Q Maximum value -Q Has already been provided with 80t, total potential Q Potential ＝(Q Maximum value -Q Has already been provided with )+Q Maximum value Alpha, calculate Q Potential 180t, point-type engineering measure future carbon sequestration potential C Dot is not Calculated to be 0.414, and the sediment retention and carbon fixation amount of the silt-retaining dam is C Point(s) ＝C The dot has been +C Dot is not 1.239t.
TABLE 2 carbon sequestration of deposited silt
| Depth (cm) | Stratified charge quantity Q i (t) | Organic carbon content G i (kg/t) | Q i *G i Carbon fixation (t) |
| 0-20 | 50 | 2.1 | 0.105 |
| 20-40 | 70 | 2.2 | 0.154 |
| 0-60 | 80 | 1.5 | 0.12 |
| 60-80 | 100 | 1.7 | 0.17 |
| 80-100 | 120 | 2.3 | 0.276 |
The surface engineering calculation data are as follows:
in this example, the surface-type tool Cheng Cuoshi selects a terrace, determines a terrace range from a remote sensing image (fig. 2), and measures a terrace area a Flour with a plurality of grooves 0.1km 2 The terraced fields are established in 1995-1997, the terraced fields are started to be used in 1998, the engineering measures are taken in 24 years (2022-1998), and the average organic carbon content G of terraced fields for many years is based on soil samples In-plane And (3) establishing a bayonet station at an outlet of the area, and measuring the sand yield of the area, wherein the sand yield is 20t/a without terrace measures. Calculating the soil erosion modulus X of the terraced fields according to CSLE 0 500 t/(km) 2 A), the sill horizontal terrace engineering factor E is 0.124, calculated according to formulas (6) - (8): sediment transport ratio SDR is 0.4, and soil erosion modulus X is 62 t/(km) after engineering measures are established 2 A) terrace annual soil erosion sand reduction quantity Q Flour with a plurality of grooves 43.8t/a, and the sediment retention and carbon fixation amount C of terraced fields Flour with a plurality of grooves 3.57t.
Total carbon fixation amount of engineering measures: under the condition of not considering sediment transport ratio, the regional carbon fixation amount C is 1.239t+3.57t= 4.809t; under the condition of considering sediment transport ratio, collecting soil samples of erosion area and sedimentation area, and measuring the content of organic carbon in soil to be G respectively Intrusion control 2.3t/a and G Fouling of 1.5t/a, b is calculated to be 0.35 according to formulas (9) - (11), and the carbon sequestration amount C in the region is 3.4167t.
Finally, it should be noted that the above only illustrates the technical solution of the present invention and is not limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred arrangement, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The method for measuring and calculating the carbon sink potential of the soil by the water and soil conservation engineering measure is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, classifying adopted water and soil conservation engineering measures: the method is divided into a surface type measure and a point type measure; the surface type measure is an engineering measure for controlling the soil erosion of the surface scale; the point-type measure is a measure for intercepting and storing corroded sediment;
step two, determining the maximum storage capacity Q of the point engineering measure Maximum value And a stratified sedimentation amount of the blocked sediment amount, the sum of the stratified sedimentation amounts being the blocked sediment amount Q of the dot type Cheng Cuoshi Has already been provided with ；
Calculating sediment storage potential of the part of the point type engineering which is not full of sediment: the sediment blocking amount of the point type tool Cheng Cuoshi is subtracted from the maximum reservoir capacity of the point type tool, namely: q (Q) Maximum value －Q Has already been provided with ；
Calculating the coefficient alpha of other corrosion reducing effects which can be exerted after the spot-type engineering reaches the maximum reservoir capacity:
measuring the layered organic carbon content of sediment in the fixed-point engineering siltation layer and the organic carbon content of soil in an erosion area;
step six, calculating sediment blocking and carbon fixation amount of the spot type tool Cheng Cuoshi: the calculation is performed by using formulas (1) to (5):
C point(s) ＝C The dot has been +C Dot is not (1)
C Dot is not ＝Q Potential G Erosion of /1000 (4)
Q Potential ＝(Q Maximum value -Q Has already been provided with )+Q Maximum value α (5)
Wherein: c (C) Point(s) The unit is t for blocking sediment and carbon fixation of the spot type Cheng Cuoshi; c (C) The dot has been The carbon fixation amount of the deposited sediment is t for the point-type engineering measure; c (C) Dot is not The future carbon fixation potential is measured by point-type engineering measures, and the unit is t; q (Q) i The unit of the i layer deposition amount of the deposited sediment is t; g i The unit of the organic carbon content of the ith layer of sediment is kg/t; q (Q) Has already been provided with The sediment quantity is blocked for point-type engineering measures, and the unit is t; q (Q) Potential The total potential is blocked by a dotted type Cheng Nisha, and the unit is t; g Erosion of The organic carbon content of soil in the erosion area is kg/t for the point-type engineering measure; q (Q) Maximum value The maximum storage capacity of the spot-type engineering measure is represented by t; alpha is the coefficient of other corrosion reducing effects which can be exerted after the point type engineering reaches the maximum reservoir capacity, the value range is 0-1, and no unit exists; n is the total number of layers of deposited sediment, and no unit exists;
step seven, calculating the service year Y of engineering measures;
step eight, determining the organic carbon content G of the surface soil in the inner area of the surface type engineering measure In-plane ；
Step nine, measuring the area A of a control area of the surface engineering measure Flour with a plurality of grooves ；
Step ten, respectively establishing a non-surface engineering measure and a surface engineering Cheng Cuoshi runoff district, and measuring the annual total sand production of the district; no-surface type Cheng Cuoshi diameterDividing the annual total sand production of the flowing cell by the cell area to obtain the soil erosion modulus X of the non-surface engineering measure 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Dividing the annual total sand production of the area-shaped Cheng Cuoshi runoff district by the area of the district to obtain a soil erosion modulus X of the area-shaped shaping measure;
step eleven, measuring the sand conveying amount and calculating the sediment conveying ratio SDR;
step twelve, calculating the sediment storage and carbon fixation amount of the surface-shaped tool Cheng Cuoshi, and calculating by adopting formulas (6) - (8):
C flour with a plurality of grooves ＝Q Flour with a plurality of grooves G In-plane Y/1000 (6)
Q Flour with a plurality of grooves ＝A Flour with a plurality of grooves (X 0 -X) (7)
X＝X 0 E (8)
Wherein: c (C) Flour with a plurality of grooves The unit of the sediment accumulation carbon fixation quantity is t for the surface type Cheng Cuoshi; q (Q) Flour with a plurality of grooves The unit of the soil erosion sand reduction/fixation amount is t/a; g In-plane The organic carbon content of the soil on the surface layer of the inner area of the surface type engineering measure is kg/t; y is the service year of engineering measures, and the unit is a; a is that Flour with a plurality of grooves The area of the control area is km for the surface engineering measure 2 ；X 0 The soil erosion modulus is the unit of t/(km) for the non-planar engineering measure 2 A); x is the soil erosion modulus of the surface engineering measure, and the unit is t/(km) 2 A); e is an engineering measure factor;
thirteenth step, determining soil organic carbon content G in erosion zone in face type engineering measure control zone Intrusion control And sediment organic carbon content G in the sedimentation zone Fouling of ；
Fourteen, calculating the total carbon fixation amount of engineering measures in the area:
and when the sediment transport ratio is not considered, adopting a formula (9) for calculation:
C＝C flour with a plurality of grooves +C Point(s) (9) When the sediment transport ratio is considered, the calculation is carried out by adopting formulas (10) to (11):
C＝C flour with a plurality of grooves SDR+C Point(s) +C Flour with a plurality of grooves (1-SDR)b (10)
b＝1-G Fouling of /G Intrusion control (11)
Wherein: c is the carbon fixation amount in the region, and the unit is t; SDR is sediment transport ratio of engineering measure management and control area; b is the carbon ratio lost in the carrying-sedimentation process after the soil is eroded, and is between 0 and 1; g Intrusion control The soil organic carbon content of the eroded area in the area is controlled by the surface engineering measure, and the unit is kg/t; g Fouling of The sediment organic carbon content of the silt area in the area is controlled by the surface engineering measures, and the unit is kg/t.
2. The method for measuring and calculating the carbon sequestration potential of soil by soil and water conservation engineering measures according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the surface type measure comprises: terrace, horizontal step, horizontal ditch, bamboo joint ditch, fish scale hole, large-scale fruit tree hole, sand barrier sand fixation, engineering protection road, the punctiform measure includes: slope small-sized storage and discharge engineering, ditch head protection, check dam and silt dam.
3. The method for measuring and calculating the carbon sequestration potential of soil in soil and water conservation engineering measures according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the stratified sediment amount of the blocked sediment amount is selected to be 20cm as one layer, and the ith sediment amount of the sediments is represented as Q i ，
Q i ＝A i ·h i ·BD i /1000
Wherein: q (Q) i The unit of the i layer deposition amount of the deposited sediment is t; a is that i The bottom area of the ith layer is the unit of square meter for sediment deposition; h is a i The thickness of the ith layer of sediment is m; BD (BD) i The unit of the volume weight of the sediment is kg/m for the ith layer of the sediment 3 。
4. The method for measuring and calculating the carbon sequestration potential of soil and water conservation engineering measures according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, α=1- (S) Full of /S Not yet ) Wherein: s is S Full of The sand production amount is exported for the point-type engineering measure after the point-type engineering measure is full; s is S Not yet And outputting the sand production amount when the point-type engineering measures are not built.
5. The method for measuring and calculating the carbon sequestration potential of soil in soil and water conservation engineering measures according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the specific operation of measuring the layered organic carbon content of the silt in the site-specific engineering siltation layer and the organic carbon content of the soil in the erosion area is as follows: the point-type engineering sample of the sediment of the whole siltation layer is collected, and the organic carbon content G of the ith layer of the siltation sediment is measured by using an organic carbon analyzer in a layered manner i Taking 20cm as a layer; the organic carbon content of the soil in the erosion zone is determined by using an organic carbon analyzer according to a collected 5cm soil sample on the soil surface layer of the erosion zone, and the organic carbon content of the soil in the erosion zone is expressed as G by using point-type engineering measures Erosion of 。
6. The method for measuring and calculating the carbon sequestration potential of soil in soil and water conservation engineering measures according to claim 1, wherein in the eighth step, the organic carbon content G of the surface soil in the inner area of the surface engineering measures is measured In-plane The specific operation is as follows: collecting a soil sample with the surface layer of 5cm in the inner area of the surface engineering measure, and measuring the organic carbon content G of the soil by using an organic carbon analyzer In-plane 。
7. The method for measuring and calculating the carbon sequestration potential of soil in soil and water conservation engineering measures according to claim 1, wherein in the step ten, the specific operations of establishing a non-planar engineering measure and a planar engineering Cheng Cuoshi runoff plot and measuring the annual total sand production of the plot are as follows: the non-surface engineering measures are the same as those of the surface engineering Cheng Cuoshi runoff plot except the engineering measures, sediment collecting and accumulating equipment is placed below the plot, sediment in the runoff is collected, the sediment is collected and weighed after each rainfall, each sediment production amount is obtained, and the sum of each sediment production amount in one year is the total sediment production amount in one year.
8. The method for measuring and calculating the carbon sequestration potential of soil in soil and water conservation engineering measures according to claim 1, wherein in the eleventh step, the concrete operation of measuring the sediment transport ratio SDR is as follows: and a bayonet station is arranged at an outlet of the area, sediment collection and storage equipment is arranged, sediment in runoff is collected, the sediment is collected and weighed after each rainfall, each time of sediment transport is obtained, the sum of each time of sediment transport in one year is the total sediment transport in one year, and the ratio of the total sediment transport to the total sediment production is the sediment transport ratio SDR.
9. The method for measuring and calculating the carbon sequestration potential of soil in soil and water conservation engineering measures according to claim 1, wherein in step thirteen, the soil organic carbon content G of the eroded area is measured in the area of control of engineering measures of surface type Corrosion control And sediment organic carbon content G in the sedimentation zone Fouling of The specific operation is as follows: soil samples of 5cm of the soil surface layer of the erosion zone are collected in the erosion zone of the surface engineering measure control zone, sediment samples of the whole sedimentation layer are collected in the sedimentation zone, and the organic carbon content G of the soil of the erosion zone is measured by an organic carbon analyzer respectively Corrosion control And sediment organic carbon content G in the sedimentation zone Fouling of 。
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