CN110889185A - Peak flow analysis method for small watershed and application thereof - Google Patents
Peak flow analysis method for small watershed and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flood peak flow analysis method of a small watershed and application thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: 1) collecting historical data of a plurality of river section achievements around a small river basin to be analyzed; 2) carrying out statistical analysis on the river section achievements to obtain a geographical comprehensive coefficient C; 3) analyzing and obtaining the peak flow of the watershed to be analyzed through the following formula: q ═ CPFnIn the formula: q-maximum peak flow (m)3S); c-geographical synthesis coefficients; p-daily heavy rainfall (mm); area of F-basin (km)2) (ii) a n-index. The invention provides a flood peak flow analysis method which has high precision, simple method and clear steps and is convenient for small watershed and reservoir managers to use, simultaneously provides a plurality of applications of the analysis method, can carry out flood peak flow analysis aiming at small watershed which needs to develop large-scale infrastructure construction or urgently adjust the management and dispatching operation status of medium and small reservoir in various places,is scientific and convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy disaster prevention and reduction, and particularly relates to a flood peak flow analysis method for a small watershed and application thereof.
Background
When most high-strength runoff of a drainage basin is converged, river water flow is increased to the maximum value, the flow at the moment is called flood peak flow, calculation of the flood peak flow and forecasting of reservoir flood level begin all the country early, and a plurality of methods for calculation and forecasting are provided. The flood calculation and forecast methods for large reservoirs in large rivers of large rivers in China are mature, but the calculation and forecast methods for small flow areas and medium and small reservoirs are poor. The medium and small-sized reservoirs and rivers generally have the characteristics of small watershed area, short confluence time, sudden rise and fall of flood, small regulation and storage effects and the like, and in addition, if the medium and small-sized reservoirs and rivers are located in mountainous areas, the climate is changeable instantly, the production and confluence mechanism is complex and changeable, and most of the medium and small-sized reservoirs and rivers have problems of shortage of measured hydrological data, poor precision and the like. Therefore, the flood peak flow analysis of medium and small reservoirs and rivers is difficult to perform.
The existing many small and medium-sized reservoirs emphasize flood control safety, adopt extensive and simple management, open the water discharge gate in advance when raining, put the reservoir in the storehouse to near the dead water level, some reservoirs even still empty the storehouse flood, cause the water storage time of the missed reservoir and weaken the water storage function of the reservoir. The reason is that the flood peak flow analysis and flood prediction in the areas are difficult to perform, so that the safety problem is seriously worried. In addition, no suitable method is available for flood calculation of the existing small and medium-sized water conservancy and hydropower engineering design, particularly in the aspects of small town construction and small watershed flood peak flow rate of railway and highway traffic construction and immigration arrangement.
Therefore, in order to increase the method for calculating the flood in the small watershed of the traffic, town and water conservancy and hydropower engineering in the non-material area, improve the calculation precision of the flood, and be used for calculating the peak flow and forecasting the short-term flood, in particular to be used for forecasting the water level values of future reservoirs and riverways of small and medium-sized reservoirs and small watersheds under the known rainstorm condition, the invention of the peak flow analysis method of the small watershed and the application thereof is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a small-watershed flood peak flow analysis method and a second method for applying the small-watershed flood peak flow analysis method.
The first object of the present invention is achieved by comprising the steps of:
1) collecting historical data of a small river basin to be analyzed and a plurality of river section achievements around the small river basin to be analyzed;
2) carrying out statistical analysis on the river section achievements to obtain a geographical comprehensive coefficient C;
3) analyzing and obtaining the peak flow of the watershed to be analyzed through the following formula:
Q＝CPFn
in the formula: q-maximum Peak flow (m)3/s）；
C-geographical synthesis coefficient;
p-daily heavy rainfall (mm);
f-basin area (km)2）
n-index.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by applying the method to the determination of the safe water level of the small watershed, the determination of the bridge and culvert construction size in the aspect of infrastructure, the management and scheduling of medium and small reservoirs and the flood forecasting.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the invention provides the flood peak flow analysis method which is high in precision, simple in method, clear in steps and convenient to use by small watershed and reservoir management personnel, simultaneously provides a plurality of applications of the analysis method, can carry out flood peak flow analysis on small watersheds which need large-scale infrastructure construction or need to adjust the management and dispatching operation status of small and medium-sized reservoirs urgently in various places, and is scientific and convenient.
2. According to the invention, the geographical comprehensive coefficient C value is calculated by applying historical flood survey data of a plurality of river channel sections and using the obtained annual average flood peak flow of the results to draw a contour map of the geographical comprehensive coefficient C value, so that the flood peak flow is calculated, and the method is simple and easy to implement.
3. The method can be widely applied to various aspects, in particular to the determination of the safe water level of the small river flow in the current river length system establishment, the determination of the construction size of bridges and culverts in the aspects of villages and towns construction and highway and railway construction of immigration, the further adjustment of the planning layout and industrial structure of industrial and agricultural production, the construction, management, scheduling application, disaster prevention and reduction and the like related to rainfall flood.
4. The method firstly considers the determination of the flood level in the aspect of infrastructure, the key point of the determination of the flood level is the determination of the peak discharge, the average peak discharge for many years is calculated, then the design standard table is checked according to the standard regulation made by the state according to the importance of various buildings to determine the construction standard, and the design peak discharge is calculated according to the design standard. In flood control and disaster reduction forecasting, when the daily rainstorm magnitude forecasted by the meteorological department is known, the corresponding flood peak flow can be quickly calculated, and then the section flood level can be quickly obtained according to the flow, so that the flood level forecasting can be quickly carried out.
5. The invention predicts the flood level through the analysis of the peak flow, thereby effectively solving the contradiction unity of reservoir safety and water storage, and ensuring that the reservoir can safely operate and store more water.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a distribution diagram of a flood peak flow comprehensive coefficient C value in Zhaotong region of Yunnan;
FIG. 2 shows that the area F of the drainage basin in Zhaotong region of Yunnan is less than or equal to 1000km2Is/are as follows
m/~
(F) Graph, where n = 0.75.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples and the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto in any way, and any modifications or alterations based on the teaching of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention relates to a flood peak flow analysis method of a small watershed, which comprises the following steps:
1) collecting historical data of a small river basin to be analyzed and a plurality of river section achievements around the small river basin to be analyzed;
2) carrying out statistical analysis on the river section achievements to obtain a geographical comprehensive coefficient C;
3) analyzing and obtaining the peak flow of the watershed to be analyzed through the following formula:
Q＝CPFn
in the formula: q-maximum Peak flow (m)3/s）；
C-geographical synthesis coefficient;
p-daily heavy rainfall (mm);
f-basin area (km)2）
n-index.
Further, the periphery of the small flow field to be analyzed in the step (1) is specifically not more than 100km away from the small flow field to be analyzed.
Furthermore, the small watershed is a medium-small reservoir.
Further, the river section achievement in the step (2) is not less than 50.
Further, F is less than or equal to 1000km2。
Further, the value of n is 0.75.
The invention relates to application of a small watershed flood peak flow analysis method, in particular to application of the method in determination of small watershed safe water level, determination of bridge and culvert construction size in the aspect of infrastructure, management and scheduling of medium and small reservoirs and flood forecasting.
Further, the determination of the safe water level of the small watershed specifically comprises the following steps:
1) collecting historical data of a small river basin to be analyzed and a plurality of river section achievements around the small river basin to be analyzed;
2) carrying out statistical analysis on the river section achievements to obtain a geographical comprehensive coefficient C; simultaneously drawing a geographic comprehensive coefficient C value contour map and a flood peak flow CVA contour map;
3) analysis of peak flow:
in the formula:
average flood peak flow (m) over many years3/s）
C-geographical comprehensive coefficient
Fn-area of the basin above the construction site, calculated by topographic map (km)2）；
4) Determining a design standard: according to SL 250-2000 'water conservancy and hydropower engineering grade division and flood standard' and the condition of resident population, taking a design standard and a check standard;
5) respectively determining the design peak flow and the check peak flow through the following formulas:
in the formula: qSetting/correctingDesign/check of peak flow (m)3/s）
KPChecking the peak flow rate C according to the design standard in the step (4)VContour map, determining variation coefficient CVAnd determining the skewness coefficient CSThen look up the Pearson III type curve KPValue table, namely obtaining;
6) firstly, actually measuring the vertical and horizontal section data of a small flow area to be analyzed, and calculating the water level-flow of the section according to the following formula:
Q＝1／nR2／3I1／2F
n-river roughness;
r-hydraulic radius (cross-sectional area/water width);
i, river slope;
f is the area of the cross section;
7) according to the obtained section flow Q of the small watershed to be analyzed, the average flood peak flow for many years and the design flood peak flow Q are comparedIs provided withAnd the safe water level of the small watershed can be determined.
Further, the determination of the bridge and culvert construction size in the aspect of infrastructure specifically comprises the following steps:
1) collecting historical data of a small river basin to be analyzed and a plurality of river section achievements around the small river basin to be analyzed;
2) carrying out statistical analysis on the river section achievements to obtain a geographical comprehensive coefficient C; simultaneously drawing a geographic comprehensive coefficient C value contour map and a flood peak flow CVA contour map;
3) analysis of peak flow:
in the formula:
average flood peak flow (m) over many years3/s）
C-geographical comprehensive coefficient
Fn-construction site(km) is obtained by calculating the area of the river basin above the point by a topographic map2）；
4) Determining a design standard: checking a design standard table according to the standard regulation made by the country of a building to be constructed to determine a design standard;
5) determining the design peak flow by the following formula:
in the formula: qIs provided withDesign peak flow (m)3/s）
KPChecking the peak flow rate C according to the design standard in the step (4)VContour map, determining variation coefficient CVAnd determining the skewness coefficient CSThen look up the Pearson III type curve KPValue table, namely obtaining;
6) firstly, the vertical and horizontal sections of the river channel are measured actually, and then the design flood levels corresponding to various design standards are determined according to the design flood peak flow, so that the construction size of bridges and culverts is determined.
Example 1 bridge and culvert sizing for village and town construction and traffic
People all choose to live in water since ancient times in villages and small towns construction. The safety problem, namely the height of the flood level, needs to be considered after the water is leaned on; the problem of carefully determining the flood level is also required in the construction of bridges and culverts passing through rivers on the traffic. The key of the flood level determination is the determination of the peak flow; the method comprises the steps of firstly calculating the average peak flow of the flood for many years, then checking a design standard table according to the importance of various buildings and the regulation of the state to determine the construction standard, and calculating the design peak flow according to the design standard.
The calculation formula of the average flood peak flow for many years is as follows:
in the formula:
average flood peak flow (m) over many years3/s）
C-geographical comprehensive coefficient
F0.75-area of the basin above the construction site, calculated by topographic map (km)2）
The calculation formula for designing the peak flow is as follows:
Qis provided with=KP 
--------------------（2）
In the formula QIs provided withDesign peak flow (m)3/s）
KPAccording to design criteria, checking the peak flow CVContour map, determining variation coefficient CVAnd determining the skewness coefficient CSLooking up the conventional Pearson type III curve KPAnd (5) obtaining the designed peak flow rate by using the value table.
With the design flood peak flow, the design flood level corresponding to various design standards can be determined according to the vertical and horizontal section data of the actually measured river channel.
Take Zhaotong of Yunnan as an example, Zhaotong of Yunnan province floodThe peak flow comprehensive coefficient C value distribution chart is shown in figure 1; the area F of the drainage basin in the Zhaotong region of Yunnan is less than or equal to 1000km2Is/are as follows
m/~
(F) Graph, see fig. 2, where n = 0.75.
Example 2 calculating design flood level of villages and towns
Taking the Yangzhu village of the Yangshan town in Daguan county as an example, the village is prepared to move more than 30 farmers who are difficult to live to the village public place, but the village is located at the intersection of two small rivers, 67 and 270 residents exist in the village, if 30 residents are moved, necessary strengthening treatment needs to be carried out on the existing river channel, and particularly, the threat degree of flood needs to be analyzed and calculated. The investigation shows that the runoff area after the two rivers are converged is 60.8km2。
The village is located in east longitude 103°50 '06', 27 DEG northern latitude 55 '50', high bridge river head area, river basin shape is fan-shaped, vegetation degree is medium, river basin highest point is 2300m, lowest point is 1445.4m at intersection, height difference reaches 874.6m, terrain is easy to flood, therefore, after the comprehensive coefficient of geography is 0.05, 20% can be improved to 0.06 according to the characteristic that river basin is easy to flood, and the average flood peak flow rate in many years is calculated by using formula:
according to SL 250-2000 'water conservancy and hydropower engineering grade division and flood standard' and the condition of population of living beings, the design standard is 20 years first, the check standard is 50 years first, and the variation coefficient C of flood peak flowVCan be checked (the image can be drawn according to the prior art), and can be taken as C due to small areaV=0.8, skewness factor CS=4CVCharleston III type curve KPValue table, get K20=2.60，K50=3.55, the flood peak flow rate is designed and checked by applying the formula:
Qis provided with=2.60×91.4=238（m3/s），QSchool=3.55×91.4=324（m3/s）
The plausibility of flood peak flows using representative hydrological station measurements is checked as in table 1 below.
Table 1 inspection table for reasonability of peak flow
Comparing and analyzing the measured values of the relevant hydrological stations, wherein the flood peak flow geographical comprehensive coefficient of the drainage basin is basically the same as that of the small sea substation; although smaller than the Xinhua station, the river basin shape of the Xinhua station, vegetation conditions and other underlying factors are more prone to flood. Therefore, in the calculation of the average flood peak flow of the bead overflow river section for many years, the use with the geographic comprehensive coefficient C of 0.060 is reasonable.
The relationship curve between the water level and the flow of the river cross section at the downstream of the Yizhu river intersection is drawn, the river ratio is reduced to 0.01 according to the actually measured vertical and horizontal cross section data, and the river bed roughness is 0.04 because the branch flow is approximately vertically added into the main river channel.
The section water level-flow is calculated according to the following formula:
Q＝1／nR2／3I1／2F
n-river course roughness, taking 0.040;
r-hydraulic radius (cross-sectional area/water width);
i, river slope (0.01 is used);
f, the area of the cross section, and calculating a relation curve between the water level and the area for use according to the measured data.
Table 2 cross-section water level-flow calculating meter
According to the section water level-flow calculation table, the normal annual peak flow of the river can be passed for many yearsAverage flow rate of 91.4m3S, and the peak flow rate of the design standard 20 years meeting is 238m3The/s is not feasible, so the channel needs to be reinforced again, otherwise a new disaster can be caused.
Example 3 determination of flood level in bridges and culverts on traffic
Take the cold water river bridge in the area of the shogao as an example. The bridge is located in Zhaoyang area in Fishery town, east Jing 103°37.2' north latitude 27°29.6' cold water river. The total length of the cold water river is 53.4km, and the area of the drainage basin is 380km2333km area over bridge2The highest point of the drainage basin is a big rock edge on the northwest surface, the elevation is 3110m, the bridge is 1900m, and the height difference reaches 1210 m. According to analysis data, the average daily rainstorm for many years is 63mm, the geographical comprehensive coefficient is 0.04, and the average flood peak flow for many years is calculated
=190（m3In s). Checking related specifications according to the grade of the bridge and culvert, determining design standard and check standard, taking Cv and Cs values, and checking conventional Pearson III type curve KPAnd (4) taking a value table, namely taking a determined Kp value. And calculating, designing and checking the peak flow. The flood level is calculated by adopting a calculation method of the Yizhu river, namely after the vertical and horizontal section data are actually measured, a fixed roughness (n) value is obtained according to the roughness of a river bed, a relation curve of the water level and the flow at the section is calculated according to a formula, and then the design flood level and the check flood level are determined.
Example 4 management scheduling for reservoirs
The flood limit water level is basically set for all reservoirs in our city, and the water level of the reservoir in the whole flood season cannot exceed the water level. This makes it difficult for some reservoirs to reach normal storage levels by the end of the year. For example, the inkstone mountain reservoir of Ludian can reach the normal water storage level for a plurality of years before danger removal and reinforcement, and cannot reach the normal water storage level after danger removal and reinforcement (see table 3 for details), so that the valuable water resources flow away in vain.
TABLE 3 annual precipitation, annual end water storage and annual maximum water storage of inkstone mountain reservoir
The water collecting area of the reservoir is 23.7km2Checking flood level 1937.60m, total storage capacity 583.0 ten thousand m3(ii) a The flood limit water level is 1935.70m, and the corresponding storage capacity is 376.0 ten thousand m3(ii) a Normal water level 1936.70m, corresponding reservoir capacity 529.0 km3. The dam crest elevation is 1939.20m (containing a wave wall of 0.8 m), and 153.0 km needs to be stored after 10 months and 1 day at the end of a flood3And 207 km3It is very difficult to achieve normal storage capacity and total storage capacity. According to the time distribution proportion of precipitation, the occurrence frequency of rainstorm is zero after 10 months in the whole market, the fish cave hydrological station is taken as a reference station, the rainstorm occurrence frequency in 9 months and 10 months is 10.0 percent and 6.7 percent respectively, and the precipitation in 11 months and 12 months after 10 months is only 27.5 mm; the average precipitation for many years from 9 months to 12 months is 217.8 mm. If the flood limit water level is advanced by two months, namely 9 months and 1 day, 376.0 ten thousand m exceeding the flood limit storage capacity is allowed3The benefit of the library will be greatly increased. The calculation formula is as follows:
W＝PaF ---------------------（6-3）
in the formula: w-runoff (ten thousand m)3）；
P-rainfall (217.8 mm);
a-runoff coefficient (value according to boundary conditions);
f-area of drainage basin (23.7 km)2）。
W217.8 × 0.35 × 23.7 × 0.1 ═ 180.7 ten thousand m3The storage capacity can reach 556.7 km3Super normal storage capacity 27.7 km326.3 km from the total storage capacity3. From the study on hydrological characteristics in Zhaotong region, FIG. 27, it is found that the average groundwater recharge amount in this drainage basin is 8.0 km3/km2The total basin is 23.7 multiplied by 8.0=189.6 km315.8 km per month3The flow rate is only 0.061 m3And s. 63.2 km in the period from 9 to 12 months3Normal annual storage capacity can reach 556.7+63.2=619.9 km3. Super total storage capacity 36.9 ten thousand meters3。
If ecological flow is considered to be 0.2 m3The daily water consumption of urban landscape and downstream river ecological water consumption is 1.73 ten thousand meters3). 51.9 ten thousand meters per month3The generated base flow is far from ecological flow, so the base flow may not be considered.
If the precipitation amount of the rainstorm in the occurrence day is more than 50mm, the peak flow can be calculated according to a formula, and the peak flow in the warehouse is calculated according to the following formula:
Q＝CPF Q＝0.045×57.0×23.70.75＝27.6 m3/s
in the formula: q-maximum Peak flow (m)3/s）；
C — geographical synthesis coefficient (taken as 0.045):
p-daily rainstorm (observed or predicted);
f-area of drainage basin (23.7 km)2）。
If the daily rainstorm of more than 57.0 mm occurs in 9 months, the reservoir flood level can be forecasted by adopting a water balance method.
Claims (9)
1. A flood peak flow analysis method for a small watershed is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) collecting historical data of a small river basin to be analyzed and a plurality of river section achievements around the small river basin to be analyzed;
2) carrying out statistical analysis on the river section achievements to obtain a geographical comprehensive coefficient C;
3) analyzing and obtaining the peak flow of the watershed to be analyzed through the following formula:
Q＝CPFn
in the formula: q-maximum Peak flow (m)3/s）；
C-geographical synthesis coefficient;
p-daily heavy rainfall (mm);
f-basin area (km)2）
n-index.
2. The peak flow analysis method for small flow areas according to claim 1, wherein the distance around the small flow area to be analyzed in step (1) is not more than 100 km.
3. The flood peak flow analysis method for the small watershed according to claim 1, wherein the small watershed is a medium-small reservoir.
4. The peak discharge analysis method for small watershed according to claim 1, wherein the number of the river section results in the step (2) is not less than 50.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein F is less than or equal to 1000km2。
6. The peak flow analysis method of small watershed of claim 1, wherein the n value is 0.75.
7. The application of the method for analyzing the peak flow of the small watershed according to claim 1 is characterized in that the method is applied to determination of safe water level of the small watershed, determination of bridge and culvert construction size in the aspect of infrastructure, management and scheduling of medium and small reservoirs and flood forecasting.
8. The application of the flood peak flow analysis method for the small watershed according to claim 7, wherein the determination of the safe water level of the small watershed specifically comprises the following steps:
1) collecting historical data of a small river basin to be analyzed and a plurality of river section achievements around the small river basin to be analyzed;
2) carrying out statistical analysis on the river section achievements to obtain a geographical comprehensive coefficient C; simultaneously drawing a geographic comprehensive coefficient C value contour map and a flood peak flow CVA contour map;
3) analysis of peak flow:
in the formula:
average flood peak flow (m) over many years3/s）
C-geographical comprehensive coefficient
Fn-area of the basin above the construction site, calculated by topographic map (km)2）；
4) Determining a design standard: according to SL 250-2000 'water conservancy and hydropower engineering grade division and flood standard' and the condition of resident population, taking a design standard and a check standard;
5) respectively determining the design peak flow and the check peak flow through the following formulas:
in the formula: qSetting/correctingDesign/check of peak flow (m)3/s）
KPChecking the peak flow rate C according to the design standard in the step (4)VContour map, determining variation coefficient CVAnd determining the skewness coefficient CSThen look up the Pearson III type curve KPValue table, namely obtaining;
6) firstly, actually measuring the vertical and horizontal section data of a small flow area to be analyzed, and calculating the water level-flow of the section according to the following formula:
Q＝1／nR2／3I1／2F
n-river roughness;
r-hydraulic radius (cross-sectional area/water width);
i, river slope;
f is the area of the cross section;
7) according to the obtained section flow Q of the small watershed to be analyzed, the average flood peak flow for many years and the design flood peak flow Q are comparedIs provided withAnd the safe water level of the small watershed can be determined.
9. The application of the flood peak flow analysis method for the small watershed according to claim 7, wherein the bridge construction size determination in the aspect of infrastructure specifically comprises the following steps:
1) collecting historical data of a small river basin to be analyzed and a plurality of river section achievements around the small river basin to be analyzed;
2) carrying out statistical analysis on the river section achievements to obtain a geographical comprehensive coefficient C; simultaneously drawing a geographic comprehensive coefficient C value contour map and a flood peak flow CVA contour map;
3) analysis of peak flow:
in the formula:
average flood peak flow (m) over many years3/s）
C-geographical comprehensive coefficient
Fn-area of the basin above the construction site, calculated by topographic map (km)2）；
4) Determining a design standard: checking a design standard table according to the standard regulation made by the country of a building to be constructed to determine a design standard;
5) determining the design peak flow by the following formula:
in the formula: qIs provided withDesign peak flow (m)3/s）
KPChecking the peak flow rate C according to the design standard in the step (4)VContour map, determining variation coefficient CVAnd determining the skewness coefficient CSThen look up the Pearson III type curve KPValue table, namely obtaining;
6) firstly, the vertical and horizontal sections of the river channel are measured actually, and then the design flood levels corresponding to various design standards are determined according to the design flood peak flow, so that the construction size of bridges and culverts is determined.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113095597A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-07-09 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | Novel flood process design method suitable for small watershed without data |
| CN113202062A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-08-03 | 中水东北勘测设计研究有限责任公司 | Flood drainage method for construction period and operation period of channel type slag abandoning field |
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2018
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| 任继周: "昭通市中小流域洪水规律研究", 《人民珠江》 * |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113095597A (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2021-07-09 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | Novel flood process design method suitable for small watershed without data |
| CN113095597B (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2024-03-12 | 黄河勘测规划设计研究院有限公司 | Flood process design method suitable for small watershed without data |
| CN113202062A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-08-03 | 中水东北勘测设计研究有限责任公司 | Flood drainage method for construction period and operation period of channel type slag abandoning field |
| CN113202062B (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2022-10-14 | 中水东北勘测设计研究有限责任公司 | Flood drainage method for construction period and operation period of channel type slag abandoning field |
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