CN115407049A - Method for measuring and calculating soil carbon sequestration potential of water and soil conservation engineering measures - Google Patents
Method for measuring and calculating soil carbon sequestration potential of water and soil conservation engineering measures Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring and calculating soil carbon sequestration potential of water and soil conservation engineering measures, which comprises the following steps of firstly, dividing the water and soil conservation engineering measures into a point type and a surface type; for point type engineering measures: finally calculating the amount of silt and carbon in the blocked silt by using point type engineering measures through measuring parameters such as the maximum reservoir capacity, the layered sediment amount of the blocked silt and the blocking potential of the part of the point type engineering which is not fully filled with silt and the like; for the surface type engineering measures: and finally calculating the carbon fixation amount of the surface type engineering measures by calculating the service life of the engineering measures, measuring the area of a control area of the surface type engineering measures, calculating the soil erosion modulus of the surface type engineering measures and other parameters. And finally, calculating the total solid carbon content of the engineering measures in the area by integrating the results of the point type engineering measures and the surface type engineering measures. The invention scientifically and comprehensively considers the types of water and soil conservation engineering measures and the carbon loss of the sediment in the transportation process, and the measuring and calculating result is more real and accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water and soil conservation carbon sequestration, and particularly relates to a soil carbon sequestration measuring and calculating method by water and soil conservation engineering measures.
Background
The water and soil conservation engineering measures can effectively reduce water and soil loss, fix and increase the organic carbon content of soil, and are an important way for soil carbon sink. Plum warrior et al (2003) selects a typical loess plateau hilly gully region for research, and takes 12 silty dams in the valley drainage area of the northeast of the pagoda region of Yanan city, shanxi province as research objects, and the results show that: the 12 siltation dams in the village valley of 1957-2000 year store 1.73 x 105t of organic carbon, and the carbon storage strength of the valley is improved by 0.13-5.03 t.hm 2 ·a -1 Average of 1.28 t.hm 2 ·a -1 . The plectrum et al (2009) find that the average sand reduction benefit of water and soil conservation engineering measures such as fish scale pits, horizontal bars and the like for many years exceeds 90%, and meanwhile, researches find that the construction of a desilting pond and a small reservoir can strengthen silt siltation and burial, and form deep soil carbon which is not easy to mineralize, thereby realizing carbon burial and increasing soil carbon sink. The silt dam is the backbone strength of the water and soil loss channel treatment engineering, and the silt dam can improve the organic carbon content of soil and block silt simultaneously, so that a waste ditch becomes a small artificial plain, the cultivated area is increased, and the productivity of surface plants is greatly improved. Studies such as Yuanlimin and the like (2014) find that the sand barrier can reduce wind erosion, and the organic matter content of soil is increased by combining with planting vegetation, so that the carbon sequestration effect is achieved. Yueyao et al (2016) calculated the carbon flux characteristics due to small watershed scale soil erosion/siltation, as well as the soil organic matter and CO due to erosion at national scale 2 The flux changes.
At present, the influence of soil erosion on soil carbon is not considered when the soil carbon is calculated, the research on the engineering measures is generally the research on actually measured soil carbon change and is a single engineering measure, the classification research on the soil carbon is not carried out, and a soil carbon sink calculation method of the soil carbon sink by the soil carbon maintenance engineering measures is not available at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the existing requirements on the carbon sink calculation of water and soil conservation engineering measures, the invention aims to provide a universally applicable soil carbon sink potential measuring and calculating method aiming at different water and soil conservation engineering measures.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for measuring and calculating soil carbon sequestration potential of water and soil conservation engineering measures comprises the following steps:
step one, classifying the adopted water and soil conservation engineering measures: the method comprises the following steps of dividing into a surface type measure and a point type measure; the surface type measure is an engineering measure with the control effect on the surface scale soil erosion; the point-type measure is a measure for intercepting and storing eroded silt;
step two, determining the maximum storage capacity Q of the point-type engineering measures Maximum of And the amount of the blocked silt is the sum of the layered deposition amounts which is the amount Q of the blocked silt in the spot type engineering measures Has already been prepared ；
Step three, calculating the silt storage potential of the part not full of the point type engineering: subtracting the amount of the accumulated silt by the maximum storage capacity of the point type engineering measures, namely: q Maximum of －Q Has already been prepared ；
Calculating coefficients alpha of other corrosion reducing effects which can be exerted after the point-type engineering reaches the maximum storage capacity;
step five, measuring the layered organic carbon content of silt of the point-type engineering deposit layer and the organic carbon content of soil in an erosion area;
step six, calculating the amount of the solid carbon in the sediment by point type engineering measures: calculating by adopting formulas (1) to (5):
C dot ＝C Has already been pointed out +C Am of great value (1)
C Am (a little bit) ＝Q Potential G Erosion of /1000 (4)
Q Potential ＝(Q Maximum of -Q Has already been prepared )+Q Maximum of α (5)
In the formula: c Dot Stopping the amount of silt and carbon for point-type engineering measures, wherein the unit is t; c Has already been pointed out The amount of deposited silt and solid carbon is measured for the point type engineering, and the unit is t; c Am (a little bit) Future carbon sequestration potential is taken as a point type engineering measure, and the unit is t; q i The unit is t, which is the deposition amount of the ith layer of deposited silt; g i The unit is kg/t, which is the content of organic carbon in the ith layer of the deposited silt; q Has already been used for The amount of the accumulated silt is blocked for the point-type engineering measures, and the unit is t; q Potential The unit is t, which is the total potential of point type engineering sediment storage; g Erosion of The organic carbon content of soil in an erosion area is measured for point type engineering, and the unit is kg/t; q Maximum of The maximum storage capacity of the point type engineering measures is t; alpha is the coefficient of other corrosion-reducing effects which can be exerted after the point-type project reaches the maximum storage capacity, the value range is 0-1, and no unit exists;
step seven, calculating the year Y of the engineering measure (for example, the construction time of the engineering measure is 1990, and when the year is 2022, the Y is equal to 2022-1990 = 32);
step eight, determining the organic carbon content G of surface soil in the internal area of the surface type engineering measure In-plane surface ；
Step nine, measuring the area A of the control area of the surface type engineering measure Flour (obtained by measurement in the field or on a topographical map);
step ten, establishing runoff cells with non-surface engineering measures and surface engineering measures respectively and measuring the annual total sand production of the cells; dividing the total annual sand production of runoff cells of the non-planar engineering measures by the area of the cells to obtain the soil erosion modulus X of the non-planar engineering measures 0 (ii) a Dividing the total annual sand production of runoff cells with the surface type engineering measures by the area of the cells to obtain a soil erosion modulus X of the surface type engineering measures;
step eleven, measuring the sediment transport amount, and calculating a sediment transport ratio SDR;
step twelve, calculating the solid carbon content of the sediment in the surface engineering measures, and calculating by adopting formulas (6) to (8):
C flour ＝Q Flour G In-plane surface Y/1000 (6)
Q Noodle ＝A Flour (X 0 -X) (7)
X＝X 0 E (8)
In the formula: c Noodle The amount of silt and carbon is blocked and stored for surface engineering measures, and the unit is t; q Noodle Reducing sand/fixing sand amount for annual soil erosion in a surface type engineering measure area, wherein the unit is t/a; g In-plane surface The surface soil organic carbon content of the internal area is taken as a surface type engineering measure, and the unit is kg/t; y is the service life of engineering measures and the unit is a; a. The Noodle The unit of the area of a control area for surface type engineering measures is km 2 ；X 0 The soil erosion modulus for the non-surface engineering measures is given by the unit of t/(km) 2 A); x is the soil erosion modulus of the surface type engineering measure and has the unit of t/(km) 2 A); e is engineering measure factor (value refers to Chinese Water and soil loss equation (CSLE));
thirteen, measuring the content G of organic carbon in soil in the erosion area in the surface type engineering measure control area Erosion of And silt organic carbon content G in the sedimentation zone Siltation ；
Step fourteen, calculating the total fixed carbon amount of engineering measures in the area:
and (3) calculating by adopting a formula (9) when the sediment transport ratio is not considered:
C＝C flour +C Dot (9)
And (3) calculating by adopting formulas (10) to (11) when the sediment transport ratio is considered:
C＝C flour SDR+C Dot +C Flour (1-SDR)b (10)
b＝1-G Silting up /G Controlling invasion (11)
In the formula: c is the solid carbon amount in the area, and the unit is t; SDR controls the silt transport ratio of a region for engineering measures; b is carrying-silting after soil is erodedThe carbon loss ratio in the accumulation process is between 0 and 1; g Controlling invasion Controlling the content of organic carbon in soil of an eroded area for surface type engineering measures, wherein the unit is kg/t; g Siltation The unit is kg/t, which is the organic carbon content of silt in a deposition area.
Further, in the first step, the surface type measure includes: terraced fields, horizontal steps, horizontal ditches, bamboo joint ditches, fish scale pits, large-scale fruit tree pits, sand barriers for sand fixation and engineering road protection, wherein the point-type measures comprise: small storage and drainage engineering on slope, ditch protection, check dam and earth dam.
Further, in the second step, 20cm is selected as the layered deposition amount of the intercepted sediment amount, and the deposition amount of the ith layer of deposited sediment is represented as Q i ，
Q i ＝A i ·h i ·BD i /1000
Wherein: q i The unit is t, which is the deposition amount of the ith layer of deposited silt; a. The i The bottom area of the ith layer of sediment is expressed in square meters; h is i The thickness of the ith layer of sediment is m; BD i The unit of the volume weight of the silt accumulated on the ith layer of the accumulated silt is kg/m 3 。
Further, in step four, α =1- (S) Is full of /S Is prepared from ) Wherein: s Is full of The sand yield of the outlet of the point type engineering measures is t/yr after the point type engineering measures are fully silted; s Is prepared from When the point-type engineering measure is not built, the sand yield of the outlet is t/yr; yr denotes year.
Further, in the fifth step, the specific operations are as follows: point type engineering collects the silt sample of the whole sediment layer, and organic carbon analyzer is used for measuring the content G of organic carbon at the ith layer of sediment silt in layers i Taking 20cm as a layer; measuring the content of organic carbon in the soil in the erosion area by using an organic carbon analyzer according to the collected soil sample of 5cm on the surface layer of the soil in the erosion area, wherein the content of organic carbon in the soil in the erosion area is represented as G by using point-type engineering measures Controlling invasion 。
Further, in the step eight, the specific operations are as follows: collecting 5cm soil sample on the surface layer of the internal area of the surface type engineering measure, and measuring the soil by using an organic carbon analyzerOrganic carbon content G In-plane 。
Further, in the tenth step, the concrete operations of establishing runoff cells with non-surface type engineering measures and measuring the annual total sand production of the cells are as follows: the non-surface engineering measures and the surface engineering measures are the same in runoff plot except the engineering measures, silt collecting and storing equipment is placed below the runoff plot to collect silt in the runoff, the silt is collected and weighed after each rainfall to obtain the sand yield of each time, and the sum of the sand yields of each time in one year is the total sand yield of the year.
Further, in the eleventh step, the sand transporting amount is measured, and the concrete operation of calculating the sand transporting ratio SDR is as follows: and arranging a bayonet station at an outlet of the area, placing silt collecting and storing equipment, collecting silt in runoff, collecting and weighing the silt after each rainfall to obtain the sand conveying amount each time, wherein the sum of the sand conveying amounts each time in one year is the total sand conveying amount per year, and the ratio of the total sand conveying amount to the total sand production amount is the silt conveying ratio SDR.
Further, in the thirteenth step, the specific operations are as follows: collecting 5cm soil sample on the surface layer of soil in erosion area of surface engineering measure control area, collecting silt sample of whole deposit in deposit area, and measuring organic carbon content G in soil in erosion area by organic carbon analyzer Controlling invasion And silt organic carbon content G in the sedimentation zone Siltation
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that: the invention provides a carbon sink calculation method for a water and soil conservation engineering measure, which is generally applicable to a surface type and a point type water and soil conservation engineering measure for the first time according to different data conditions under the condition of considering the change of organic carbon in soil in the processes of soil erosion, transportation and siltation. The invention provides a soil carbon sink potential calculation method for different water and soil conservation engineering measures, which is more scientific and comprehensive compared with other calculation methods in the prior art, considers the types of the water and soil conservation engineering measures and the loss of carbon in the transport process of silt, and has more accurate result.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 2 is a view of the terrace and bayonet station positions of example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a method for measuring and calculating soil carbon sink potential of water and soil conservation engineering measures comprises the following steps:
classifying water and soil conservation engineering measures, dividing engineering measures with a surface scale soil erosion control function into surface types, and dividing measures with an erosion sediment intercepting and storing function into point types.
TABLE 1 Classification of Water and soil conservation engineering measures
Step two, determining the maximum storage capacity Q of the point type engineering measures Maximum of And the amount of the blocked silt is the sum of the layered deposition amounts which is the amount Q of the blocked silt in the spot type engineering measures Has already been used for ；
The layered deposition amount of the intercepted sediment amount is 20cm selected as one layer, and the deposition amount of the ith layer of deposited sediment is expressed as Q i ，
Q i ＝A i ·h i ·BD i /1000
Wherein: q i The unit is t, which is the deposition amount of the ith layer of deposited silt; a. The i The unit is square meter, which is the bottom area of the ith layer of the sediment; h is i The thickness of the ith layer of sediment is m; BD i The unit of the volume weight of the silt deposited on the ith layer of the deposited silt is kg/m 3 。
Step three, calculating the silt storage potential of the part not full of the point type engineering: subtracting the amount of the accumulated silt by the maximum storage capacity of the point type engineering measures, namely: q Maximum of －Q Has already been prepared 。
Calculating the coefficient alpha of other erosion reducing effects which can be exerted after the point type engineering reaches the maximum reservoir capacity, and subtracting the ratio of the outlet sand yield of the point type engineering measures after the point type engineering measures are fully silted to the outlet sand yield when the point type engineering measures are not built from 1;
α＝1-(S is full of /S Is prepared from ) Wherein: s Is full of The sand yield of the outlet of the point type engineering measures is t/yr after the point type engineering measures are fully silted; s Is prepared from The unit of the sand yield is t/yr when the point type engineering measure is not established.
Step five, measuring the layered organic carbon content of the silt of the point type engineering deposit layer and the organic carbon content of the soil in the erosion area: point type engineering collects the whole sediment layer silt sample, and organic carbon analyzer is used for measuring the content G of organic carbon on the ith layer of sediment silt in a layered mode i Taking 20cm as a layer; measuring the organic carbon content G of the soil in the erosion area by using an organic carbon analyzer according to the collected soil sample of 5cm on the surface layer of the soil in the erosion area Erosion of 。
Calculating the amount of the solid carbon in the sediment according to the formulas (1) to (5);
C dot ＝C Has already been pointed out +C Am (a little bit) (1)
C Am (a little bit) ＝0 Potential G Erosion of /1000 (4)
Q Potential ＝(Q Maximum of -Q Has already been prepared )-Q Maximum of α (5)
In the formula: c Dot The unit is t for point type engineering measures to stop and store the amount of sediment and carbon; c Already click For point type engineering measuresApplying the deposited silt and solid carbon quantity, wherein the unit is t; c Am of great value Future carbon sequestration potential is taken as a point type engineering measure, and the unit is t; q i The unit is t, which is the deposition amount of the ith layer of deposited silt; g i The unit is kg/t, which is the content of organic carbon in the ith layer of the deposited silt; q Has already been used for The amount of the accumulated silt is taken as a point type engineering measure, and the unit is t; q Potential The total potential of the point type engineering total sediment impoundment is t; g Erosion of The organic carbon content of soil in an erosion area is measured for point type engineering, and the unit is kg/t; q Maximum of The maximum storage capacity of the point type engineering measures is represented by t; alpha is the coefficient of other corrosion-reducing effects which can be exerted after the point type engineering reaches the maximum storage capacity, the value range is 0-1, and no unit exists.
Step seven, calculating the service year Y of the engineering measure, for example, the construction time of the engineering measure is 1990, and when the current year is 2022, Y is equal to 2022-1990 = 32;
step eight, determining the organic carbon content G of surface soil in the internal area of the surface type engineering measure In-plane (ii) a The specific operation is as follows: collecting a soil sample with the surface layer of 5cm in the internal area of the surface type engineering measure, and determining the organic carbon content G of the soil by using an organic carbon analyzer In-plane 。
Step nine, measuring the area A of the control area of the surface type engineering measure Noodle (measured in the field or on a topographical map).
Step ten, establishing runoff cells with non-surface engineering measures and surface engineering measures respectively and measuring the annual total sand production of the cells; dividing the total annual sand production of runoff cells of the non-planar engineering measures by the area of the cells to obtain the soil erosion modulus X of the non-planar engineering measures 0 (ii) a Dividing the annual total sand production of runoff cells of the facial engineering measures by the area of the cells to obtain the soil erosion modulus X of the facial engineering measures; the specific operations of establishing a non-surface type engineering measure and a surface type engineering measure runoff cell and measuring the annual total sand production of the cell are as follows: the non-surface engineering measures and the surface engineering measures are the same for runoff plot except the engineering measures, silt collecting and storing equipment is arranged below the plot to collect silt in runoff, the silt is collected and weighed after each rainfall to obtain the amount of the produced silt each time,the sum of the sand production amount of each time in one year is the total sand production amount in one year.
Step eleven, measuring the sediment transport amount, and calculating the sediment transport ratio SDR specifically: and arranging a bayonet station at an outlet of the area, placing silt collecting and storing equipment, collecting silt in runoff, collecting and weighing the silt after rainfall each time, and obtaining the sand conveying amount each time, wherein the sum of the sand conveying amounts each time in one year is the total sand conveying amount per year, and the ratio of the total sand conveying amount to the total sand production amount is the silt conveying ratio SDR.
Step twelve, calculating the solid carbon content of the sediment in the surface engineering measures, and calculating by adopting formulas (6) to (8):
C flour ＝0 Noodle G In-plane Y/1000 (6)
Q Flour ＝A Noodle (X 0 -X) (7)
X＝X 0 E (8)
In the formula: c Flour The unit is t for the surface type engineering measure to stop and store the sediment and carbon content; q Noodle Reducing sand/fixing sand amount for annual soil erosion in a surface type engineering measure area, wherein the unit is t/a; g In-plane The surface soil organic carbon content of the internal area is taken as a surface type engineering measure, and the unit is kg/t; y is the service life of the engineering measure and the unit is a; a. The Flour Area of the control area for surface type engineering measures, with unit of km 2 ；X 0 The soil erosion modulus for the non-surface engineering measures is given by the unit of t/(km) 2 A); x is the soil erosion modulus of the surface type engineering measure and has the unit of t/(km) 2 A); and E is an engineering measure factor (the value is referred to 'Chinese Water and soil loss equation (CSLE)').
Thirteen, measuring the content G of organic carbon in soil in the erosion area in the surface type engineering measure control area Controlling invasion And silt organic carbon content G in the sedimentation zone Silting up (ii) a The specific operation is as follows: collecting 5cm soil sample on the surface of erosion area soil in erosion area of surface engineering measure control area, collecting silt sample of whole deposit layer in deposit area, and respectively determining organic carbon content G in soil in erosion area by organic carbon analyzer Controlling invasion And a siltation zoneOrganic carbon content G of silt Silting up 。
Step fourteen, calculating the total fixed carbon amount of engineering measures in the area:
and (3) calculating by adopting a formula (9) when the sediment transport ratio is not considered:
C＝C noodle +C Dot (9)
And (3) calculating by adopting formulas (10) to (11) when the sediment transport ratio is considered:
C＝C flour SDR+C Dot +C Flour (1-SDR)b (10)
b＝1-G Silting up /G Controlling invasion (11)
In the formula: c is the solid carbon amount in the area, and the unit is t; SDR controls the silt transport ratio of a region for engineering measures; b is the carbon loss ratio in the transporting-silting process after the soil is eroded, and is between 0 and 1; g Controlling invasion Controlling the content of organic carbon in soil of an eroded area for surface type engineering measures, wherein the unit is kg/t; g Silting up The unit is kg/t, which is the organic carbon content of silt in a sedimentation area.
In this embodiment:
the point type engineering measure calculation data is as follows:
selecting a check dam by point engineering measures, and designing the maximum storage capacity Q by building the check dam Maximum of 500t, the content of organic carbon in the soil is measured to be G in an erosion area Erosion of 2.3kg/t, actually measuring the sand yield S of an outlet after the silt dam is full Is full of At 400t/a, actually measuring the sand production S of the outlet when the silt dam is not built Is prepared from At 500t/a, it can be obtained from the measured amount of the layered sludge and the organic carbon content (table 1) and the equations (1) to (5): settled silt Q Has already been used for 420t, amount of carbon C fixed to the sludge portion Already click 0.825t, α is 1-400t/a ÷ 500t/a =0.2, future fouling potential Q Maximum of -Q Has already been used for At 80t, total potential Q Potential ＝(Q Maximum of -Q Has already been prepared )+Q Maximum of α, calculated as Q Potential At 180t, point type engineering measures future carbon sequestration potential C Am of great value Calculated to be 0.414, the solid carbon content of the silt blocked and stored in the silt dam is C Dot ＝C Already click +C Am (a little bit) Is 1.239t。
TABLE 2 carbon fixation of deposited silt
| Depth (cm) | Layered deposition amount Q i (t) | Organic carbon content G i (kg/t) | Q i *G i Amount of fixed carbon (t) |
| 0-20 | 50 | 2.1 | 0.105 |
| 20-40 | 70 | 2.2 | 0.154 |
| 0-60 | 80 | 1.5 | 0.12 |
| 60-80 | 100 | 1.7 | 0.17 |
| 80-100 | 120 | 2.3 | 0.276 |
The profile engineering calculation data is as follows:
selecting terrace according to the surface type engineering measure of the embodiment, determining terrace range according to the remote sensing image (figure 2), and measuring terrace area A Flour Is 0.1km 2 The terrace construction period is 1995-1997, the terrace starts to be used in 1998, the engineering measure year Y is 24 years (2022-1998), and the terrace has an average organic carbon content G for many years according to soil samples In-plane 3.4kg/t, a bayonet station is built at the outlet of the area, the sand yield of the area is measured, and the sand yield is 20t/a when no terrace measures are taken. Calculating the soil erosion modulus X without terraced fields according to CSLE 0 Is 500 t/(km) 2 A), the rock ridge horizontal terrace engineering factor E is 0.124, and is calculated according to the formulas (6) to (8): the silt transport ratio SDR is 0.4, and the soil erosion modulus X is 62 t/(km) after the construction of engineering measures 2 A) amount of sand reduction by annual soil erosion in terrace Q Noodle 43.8t/a, the amount of silt and carbon held in the terrace is C Flour It was 3.57t.
Total carbon fixation of engineering measures: under the condition of not considering the silt transportation ratio, the regional solid carbon content C is 1.239t +3.57t =4.809t; under the condition of considering the transport ratio of silt, collecting soil samples of an erosion area and a sedimentation area, and determining that the content of organic carbon in the soil is G Controlling invasion 2.3t/a and G Silting up 1.5t/a, b was 0.35 and the amount of carbon fixed in the region C was 3.4167t by calculation according to the equations (9) to (11).
Finally, it should be noted that the above only illustrates the technical solution of the present invention, but not limited thereto, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred arrangement, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for measuring and calculating soil carbon sink potential of water and soil conservation engineering measures is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, classifying the adopted water and soil conservation engineering measures: the method comprises the following steps of dividing into surface measures and point measures; the surface type measure is an engineering measure with the control effect on the surface scale soil erosion; the point-type measure is a measure for intercepting and storing eroded silt;
step two, determining the maximum storage capacity Q of the point-type engineering measures Maximum of And the amount of the blocked silt is the sum of the layered deposition amounts which is the amount Q of the blocked silt in the spot type engineering measures Has already been used for ；
Step three, calculating the silt storage potential of the part not full of the point type engineering: subtracting the amount of the accumulated silt by the maximum storage capacity of the point type engineering measures, namely: q Maximum of －Q Has already been used for ；
Step four, calculating the coefficient alpha of other erosion reducing functions which can be exerted after the point-type project reaches the maximum storage capacity:
step five, measuring the layered organic carbon content of the silt of the point type engineering deposit layer and the organic carbon content of the soil in the erosion area;
step six, calculating the amount of the solid carbon in the sediment by point type engineering measures: the calculation is performed by using the formulas (1) to (5):
C dot ＝C Already click +C Am of great value (1)
C Am of great value ＝Q Potential G Erosion of /1000 (4)
Q Potential ＝(Q Maximum of -Q Has already been used for )+Q Maximum of α (5)
In the formula: c Dot The unit is t for point type engineering measures to stop and store the amount of sediment and carbon; c Already click Is already silted up for point type engineering measuresThe carbon content of the deposited silt is t; c Am of great value The future carbon sequestration potential is taken as a point type engineering measure, and the unit is t; q i The unit is t, which is the deposition amount of the ith layer of deposited silt; g i The unit is kg/t, which is the content of organic carbon in the ith layer of the sediment; q Has already been prepared The amount of the accumulated silt is blocked for the point-type engineering measures, and the unit is t; q Potential The unit is t, which is the total potential of point type engineering sediment storage; g Erosion of The organic carbon content of soil in an erosion area is measured for point type engineering, and the unit is kg/t; q Maximum of The maximum storage capacity of the point type engineering measures is t; alpha is a coefficient of other corrosion-reducing effects which can be exerted after the point-type engineering reaches the maximum storage capacity, the value range is 0-1, and no unit exists; n is the total number of layers of the deposited silt and has no unit;
step seven, calculating the service life Y of the engineering measures;
step eight, determining the organic carbon content G of surface soil in the internal area of the surface type engineering measure In-plane ；
Step nine, measuring the area A of the control area of the surface type engineering measure Flour ；
Step ten, establishing runoff cells with non-surface engineering measures and surface engineering measures respectively and measuring the annual total sand production of the cells; dividing the total annual sand production of the runoff plot by the area of the plot to obtain the soil erosion modulus X of the non-planar engineering measure 0 (ii) a Dividing the total annual sand production of runoff cells of the surface type engineering measures by the area of the cells to obtain a soil erosion modulus X of the surface type engineering measures;
step eleven, measuring the sediment transport amount, and calculating a sediment transport ratio SDR;
step twelve, calculating the solid carbon content of the sediment in the surface engineering measures, and calculating by adopting formulas (6) to (8):
C noodle ＝Q Noodle G In-plane Y/1000 (6)
Q Noodle ＝A Noodle (X 0 -X) (7)
X＝X 0 E (8)
In the formula: c Noodle The unit is t for the surface type engineering measure to stop and store the sediment and carbon content; q Flour Regional annual soil erosion reduction for surface type engineering measuresSand/sand fixation amount, unit is t/a; g In-plane The surface soil organic carbon content of the internal area is taken as a surface type engineering measure, and the unit is kg/t; y is the service life of the engineering measure and the unit is a; a. The Flour Area of the control area for surface type engineering measures, with unit of km 2 ；X 0 The soil erosion modulus for the non-surface engineering measures is given by the unit of t/(km) 2 A); x is the soil erosion modulus of the surface type engineering measure and has the unit of t/(km) 2 A); e is an engineering measure factor;
thirteen, measuring the content G of organic carbon in soil in the erosion area in the surface type engineering measure control area Controlling invasion And silt organic carbon content G in the sedimentation zone Silting up ；
Step fourteen, calculating the total carbon fixation amount of engineering measures in the area:
and (3) calculating by adopting a formula (9) when the sediment transport ratio is not considered:
C＝C flour +C Dot (9) And (3) calculating by adopting formulas (10) to (11) when the sediment transport ratio is considered:
C＝C flour SDR+C Dot +C Flour (1-SDR)b (10)
b＝1-G Silting up /G Controlling invasion (11)
In the formula: c is the solid carbon amount in the area, and the unit is t; SDR is the silt transportation ratio of the engineering measure control area; b is the carbon loss ratio in the transporting-silting process after the soil is eroded, and is between 0 and 1; g Controlling invasion Controlling the content of organic carbon in the soil of the eroded area for surface type engineering measures, wherein the unit is kg/t; g Silting up The organic carbon content of silt in a region deposition region is controlled by surface type engineering measures, and the unit is kg/t.
2. The method for measuring and calculating soil carbon sequestration potential of water and soil conservation engineering measures as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, the surface type measures comprise: terraced fields, horizontal steps, horizontal ditches, bamboo joint ditches, fish scale pits, large-scale fruit tree pits, sand barrier sand stabilization and engineering road protection, wherein the point-type measures comprise: small storage and drainage engineering on slope, ditch protection, check dam and earth dam.
3. The method for measuring and calculating the soil carbon sequestration potential of water and soil conservation engineering measures as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, the layered deposition amount of the silt-arrested quantity is one layer by 20cm, and the deposition amount of the ith layer of deposited silt is represented as Q i ，
Q i ＝A i ·h i ·BD i /1000
Wherein: q i The unit is t, which is the deposition amount of the ith layer of deposited silt; a. The i The bottom area of the ith layer of sediment is expressed in square meters; h is i The thickness of the i-th layer of the deposited silt is m; BD i The unit of the deposited silt of the ith layer of the deposited silt is kg/m 3 。
4. The method for measuring and calculating soil carbon sequestration potential of water and soil conservation engineering measures as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, α =1- (S) Is full of /S Is prepared from ) Wherein: s Is full of The sand yield at the outlet of the point-type engineering measures is increased after the point-type engineering measures are fully silted; s Is prepared from The sand yield is exported when no point-built engineering measures are taken.
5. The method for measuring and calculating the soil carbon sequestration potential of water and soil conservation engineering measures as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the specific operations for measuring the layered organic carbon content of silt in the deposit layer of the point-type engineering and the organic carbon content of soil in the erosion area are as follows: point type engineering collects the whole sediment layer silt sample, and organic carbon analyzer is used for measuring the content G of organic carbon on the ith layer of sediment silt in a layered mode i Taking 20cm as a layer; measuring the content of organic carbon in the soil in the erosion area by using an organic carbon analyzer according to the collected soil sample of 5cm on the surface layer of the soil in the erosion area, wherein the content of organic carbon in the soil in the erosion area is represented as G by using point-type engineering measures Erosion of 。
6. The method for measuring and calculating the soil carbon sequestration potential of water and soil conservation engineering measures as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the eighth step, the organic carbon content G of the surface soil in the internal region of the surface engineering measure is measured In-plane The specific operation is as follows: collecting a soil sample with a surface layer of 5cm in the internal area of the surface type engineering measure, and determining the organic carbon content G of the soil by using an organic carbon analyzer In-plane 。
7. The method for calculating the soil carbon sequestration potential of water and soil conservation engineering measures as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step ten, the specific operations of establishing runoff cells of non-planar engineering measures and measuring the annual total sand production of the cells are as follows: the non-surface engineering measures and the surface engineering measures are the same in runoff plot except the engineering measures, silt collecting and storing equipment is placed below the runoff plot to collect silt in the runoff, the silt is collected and weighed after each rainfall to obtain the sand yield of each time, and the sum of the sand yields of each time in one year is the total sand yield of the year.
8. The method for measuring and calculating the soil carbon sequestration potential of water and soil conservation engineering measures as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the eleventh step, the specific operations of measuring the sediment transport amount and calculating the sediment transport ratio SDR are as follows: and (3) setting a bayonet station at an outlet of the area, placing silt collecting and storing equipment, collecting silt in runoff, collecting and weighing the silt after rainfall every time to obtain the sand conveying capacity every time, wherein the sum of the sand conveying capacities every time in one year is the total annual sand conveying capacity, and the ratio of the total sand conveying capacity to the total sand production capacity is the silt transport ratio SDR.
9. The method for measuring and calculating the soil carbon sequestration potential of water and soil conservation engineering measures as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step thirteen, the organic carbon content G of the soil in the erosion area is measured in the control area of the surface type engineering measures Controlled etching And silt organic carbon content G in the sedimentation zone Silting up The specific operation is as follows: collecting 5cm soil sample on the surface layer of soil in erosion area of surface engineering measure control area, collecting silt sample of whole deposit in deposit area, and measuring organic carbon content G in soil in erosion area by organic carbon analyzer Controlled etching And silt organic carbon content G in the sedimentation zone Silting up 。
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