CN115406131B - Water-heat cogeneration system based on ejector and operation method - Google Patents
Water-heat cogeneration system based on ejector and operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115406131B CN115406131B CN202211059890.4A CN202211059890A CN115406131B CN 115406131 B CN115406131 B CN 115406131B CN 202211059890 A CN202211059890 A CN 202211059890A CN 115406131 B CN115406131 B CN 115406131B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010793 Steam injection (oil industry) Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/08—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using ejectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
Abstract
The invention provides a hydro-thermal cogeneration system based on an ejector and an operation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of hydro-thermal cogeneration, wherein the hydro-thermal cogeneration system based on the ejector comprises: a first thermodynamic compressor, a second thermodynamic compressor, a preheater group, an evaporator group, a condenser, a first heater, a second heater; the evaporator group comprises a plurality of evaporators which are communicated in sequence; the preheater group comprises a plurality of preheaters which are communicated in sequence; and the condensed water outlet of each evaporator in the evaporator group is communicated with a fresh water outlet pipeline. According to the hydro-thermal cogeneration system based on the ejector, a multi-effect treatment mode is adopted, the first thermodynamic compressor and the second thermodynamic compressor are connected in series, the first thermodynamic compressor ejects the steam at the outlet of the second thermodynamic compressor, the ejection ratio is improved, the steam waste heat of the final-effect evaporator is further utilized, meanwhile, the low-grade waste heat in the heating and heat supplying process is fully utilized by the preheater group, and the high-grade steam consumption is saved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cogeneration, in particular to a cogeneration system based on an ejector and an operation method.
Background
Cogeneration (also known as Cogeneration, english: cogeneration, combined heat and power, abbreviated CHP) is the use of a heat engine or power plant to simultaneously produce electricity and useful heat. Triple cogeneration (Trigeneration) or cooling, heat and electricity cogeneration (CCHP) refers to the simultaneous production of electricity and useful heat and cooling from fuel combustion or solar collectors.
Cogeneration is a process for simultaneously producing electricity and heat energy. Compared with the thermoelectric split production, the method can obviously improve the fuel utilization rate, has good economic and social benefits, and is an important technical means for realizing circular economy. The thermal power generating unit combined heat supply system and the low-temperature multi-effect distillation sea water desalination technology become a new method for combined heat and power generation, the problem that a large amount of waste heat is wasted when the large thermal power generating unit is used for sea water desalination and heating and heat supply is solved urgently how to optimize the system configuration and further improve the energy utilization efficiency of combined heat and power generation.
The single-stage steam ejector is used for extracting steam from a power plant as power steam thereof, ejecting certain-effect secondary steam of the low-temperature multi-effect distillation sea water desalination system, and the outlet steam is used as first-effect heating steam of the sea water desalination system. Single stage steam injectors may also be used for heating or as industrial steam; the single-stage steam ejector can realize steam parameter matching between a thermal power unit and a sea-light system, but cannot realize gradient utilization of energy well. In an industrial steam system, a plurality of temperature and pressure reducing valves are adopted, so that the waste of the taste of the steam is large; in addition, the flexibility of the hydro-thermal power co-production is not high enough, when the thermal power generating unit runs under low load, the performance of the steam injector is deteriorated under variable working conditions, so that the injection coefficient is reduced, the injection capacity is reduced, and the running of the hydro-thermal power coupling system is directly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, the present invention provides an ejector-based cogeneration system and method of operation.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a hydro-thermal cogeneration system based on an ejector, comprising:
a first thermodynamic compressor, a second thermodynamic compressor, a preheater group, an evaporator group, a condenser, a first heater, a second heater;
the evaporator group comprises a plurality of evaporators which are sequentially communicated, and the head and the tail are respectively an one-effect evaporator and an end-effect evaporator;
the preheater group comprises a plurality of preheaters which are communicated in sequence, and the head and the tail of the preheater group are respectively a first preheater and a last preheater;
the steam inlet of the first-effect evaporator is communicated with the first thermodynamic compressor, and the condensed water outlet of each-effect evaporator in the evaporator group is communicated with a fresh water outlet pipeline;
the secondary steam outlet of the final-effect evaporator is respectively communicated with the condenser and the second thermodynamic compressor, and the steam outlet of the second thermodynamic compressor is communicated with the injection steam inlet of the first thermodynamic compressor;
the seawater inlet of the condenser is communicated with a feeding seawater pipeline, and the seawater outlet of the condenser is communicated with the seawater inlet of the last preheater;
the seawater outlets of the second preheater and the last preheater are divided into two paths, one path is communicated with the first preheater, and the other path is correspondingly communicated with the seawater inlets of the second-effect evaporator and the last-effect evaporator respectively.
Optionally, the first heater is communicated with the heat supply network backwater, and the steam outlet of the second thermodynamic compressor is communicated with the steam inlet of the first heater;
the first heater heat supply network water outlet is communicated with the second heater heat supply network water inlet, and the second heater drain port is communicated with the hot end inlet of the first preheater.
Optionally, the number of evaporators in the evaporator group is greater than or equal to 4.
Optionally, the number of preheaters in the preheater group is greater than or equal to 4.
The operation method comprises the water-heat cogeneration system based on the ejector, and further comprises the following steps:
the seawater sequentially enters the evaporator group after being preheated in the preheater group, the steam of the first thermodynamic compressor enters the first-effect evaporator to be condensed and released heat, the seawater is heated and the temperature rises to be partially vaporized, secondary steam with certain mass flow is generated, the secondary steam of the first-effect evaporator is condensed and released heat in the second-effect evaporator, the seawater which flows into the second-effect evaporator is heated to generate steam for the next-effect evaporator until the last-effect evaporator, and the condensed steam enters a fresh water outlet pipeline after heat exchange in the evaporator group;
the second thermodynamic compressor utilizes driving steam to jet, and outlet steam of the second thermodynamic compressor is jetted by the first thermodynamic compressor through the driving steam, and enters the first-effect evaporator after being mixed.
Optionally, the method further comprises the step of enabling the return water of the heat supply network to sequentially enter the first heater and the second heater to absorb heat and then to supply heat to the outside.
Optionally, the hot end outlet water of the last preheater is concentrated and then is collected into the condenser of the turbine unit.
Optionally, the heat supply network water absorbs heat in the first heater and the second heater respectively through the pipelines and then supplies heat for external heating.
Optionally, the raw seawater is preheated in the condenser and then divided into two parts, wherein one part is discharged back to the environment, and the other part is used as raw seawater to enter the various evaporators.
Optionally, the heat source of the first heater is mixed steam after the second thermodynamic compressor utilizes the secondary steam of the driving steam injection final-effect evaporator.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the hydro-thermal cogeneration system based on the ejector, a multi-effect treatment mode is adopted, the first thermodynamic compressor and the second thermodynamic compressor are connected in series, the first thermodynamic compressor ejects the steam at the outlet of the second thermodynamic compressor, the ejection ratio is improved, the steam waste heat of the final-effect evaporator is further utilized, meanwhile, the low-grade waste heat in the heating and heat supplying process is fully utilized by the preheater group, and the high-grade steam consumption is saved.
2. The hydro-thermal cogeneration system based on the ejector provided by the invention fully utilizes the low-grade waste heat in the sea water desalination process to replace part of high-grade steam, thereby reducing the heat supply cost.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cogeneration system based on an injector according to an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1. a first thermodynamic compressor; 21. a first effect evaporator; 22. a two-effect evaporator; 23. a triple effect evaporator; 24. an end effect evaporator; 3. a condenser; 41. a first preheater; 42. a second preheater; 43. a last preheater; 5. a concentrated seawater outlet pipe; 6. a fresh water outlet conduit; 7. a second thermodynamic compressor; 8. a first heater; 10. a second heater; 11. and a water supply pipeline.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In addition, the technical features of the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a specific embodiment of an ejector-based cogeneration system, as shown in fig. 1, comprising a first thermodynamic compressor 1, a second thermodynamic compressor 7, a preheater group, an evaporator group, a condenser 3, a first heater 8, a second heater 10. The evaporator group comprises a plurality of evaporators which are communicated in sequence, wherein the head and the tail are respectively a first-effect evaporator 21 and a last-effect evaporator 24; the preheater group comprises a plurality of preheaters which are communicated in sequence, and the first preheater 41 and the last preheater 43 are arranged at the head and the tail respectively; the steam inlet of the first-effect evaporator 21 is communicated with the first thermodynamic compressor 1, and the condensed water outlet of each-effect evaporator in the evaporator group is communicated with a fresh water outlet pipeline 6; the secondary steam outlet of the final-effect evaporator 24 is respectively communicated with the condenser 3 and the second thermodynamic compressor 7, and the steam outlet of the second thermodynamic compressor 7 is communicated with the injection steam inlet of the first thermodynamic compressor 1; the seawater inlet of the condenser 3 is communicated with the feeding seawater pipeline 11, and the seawater outlet of the condenser 3 is communicated with the seawater inlet of the last preheater 43; wherein, the seawater outlets of the second preheater 42 to the last preheater 43 are divided into two paths, one path is communicated with the last preheater, and the other path is correspondingly communicated with the seawater inlets of the second-effect evaporator 22 to the last-effect evaporator 24 respectively.
Specifically, the first heater 8 is communicated with the heat supply network backwater, the steam outlet of the second thermodynamic compressor 7 is communicated with the steam inlet of the first heater, the heat supply network water outlet of the first heater 8 is communicated with the heat supply network water inlet of the second heater 10, and the water drain port of the second heater 10 is communicated with the hot end inlet of the first preheater 41.
Specifically, the number of evaporators in the evaporator group is not less than 4; the number of preheaters in the preheater group is not less than 4. Wherein the number of evaporators is set corresponding to the number of preheaters. As shown in fig. 1, the first-effect evaporator 21, the second-effect evaporator 22, the third-effect evaporator 23, … and the last-effect evaporator 24, the first preheater 41, the second preheater 42, … and the last preheater 43 are respectively indicated by reference numerals, which are not used as the number and the order of the evaporators and the preheaters. Wherein, the seawater outlet of the condenser 3 is communicated with the seawater inlet of the last preheater 43, the seawater outlet of the last preheater 43 is divided into two paths, one path flows into the former preheater, and the other path flows into the last evaporator 24. The seawater outlet of the first preheater 41 communicates with the seawater inlet of the first-effect evaporator 21. The seawater outlet of the second preheater 42 is divided into two paths, one path flows into the first preheater 41 and the other path flows into the second evaporator 22.
Steam at a steam extraction port in the turbine unit heats return water of the heat supply network through the second heater 10 and sequentially enters the preheater unit to heat seawater. Specifically, the second heater 10 is a spike heater.
The first thermodynamic compressor 1 and the second thermodynamic compressor 7 are connected in series, and the steam inlet of the first thermodynamic compressor 1 is communicated with the steam outlet of the second thermodynamic compressor 7.
Specifically, each effect evaporator in the evaporator group is communicated with a concentrated seawater outlet pipeline 5, and is finally discharged from the concentrated seawater outlet pipeline 5 of the final effect evaporator 24.
Example 2
This example provides a specific embodiment of the method of operation, implemented using the ejector-based cogeneration system of example 1, comprising the steps of: the seawater sequentially preheats in the preheater group and then respectively enters the evaporator group, the steam of the first thermodynamic compressor 1 enters the first-effect evaporator 21 and then condenses and releases heat, the seawater is heated and the temperature rises to be partially vaporized so as to generate secondary steam with certain mass flow, the secondary steam of the first-effect evaporator 21 condenses and releases heat in the second-effect evaporator 22, the seawater which flows into the secondary steam is heated to generate steam for the next-effect evaporator until the last-effect evaporator 24, and the cooled steam enters the fresh water outlet pipeline 6 after heat exchange in the evaporator group; the second thermodynamic compressor 7 is ejected by using driving steam, and the outlet steam of the second thermodynamic compressor 7 is ejected by using driving steam by the first thermodynamic compressor 1, and enters the first-effect evaporator 21 after being mixed. The method also comprises the step of heating the heat supply network backwater sequentially entering the first heater 8 and the second heater 10 to absorb heat and then supplying heat to the outside.
Wherein, in the evaporator group, since the pressure of the next-effect evaporator is lower than that of the previous-effect evaporator, the residual unevaporated seawater in the previous-effect evaporator 21 flows into the next-effect evaporator step by step without a raw material pump, the concentrated seawater from the previous-effect can flash in the next-effect evaporator, and the process is repeated until the last-effect evaporator 24; part of the secondary steam of the final-effect evaporator 24 is led to the condenser 3, the feed seawater is primarily heated through the condenser 3, part of the secondary steam is ejected by the second thermodynamic compressor 7 by using the driving steam, the steam at the outlet of the second thermodynamic compressor 7 is ejected by the first thermodynamic compressor 1 by using the driving steam, and the secondary steam is mixed and then enters the first-effect evaporator 21 as a heat source.
The hot end outlet water of the final preheater 43 is concentrated and then is collected into the condenser of the turbine unit.
The raw seawater is preheated in the condenser 3 and then divided into two parts, one part is discharged back to the environment, and the other part is used as raw seawater to enter the various evaporators.
The heat source of the first heater 8 is mixed steam after the second thermodynamic compressor 7 utilizes the secondary steam of the driving steam injection final effect evaporator 24.
The backwater of the heat supply network sequentially enters the first heater 8 and the second heater 10 to absorb heat and then supply heat to the external heating; the heat source steam of the first heater 8 is mixed steam obtained after the second thermodynamic compressor 7 utilizes the driving steam to jet the secondary steam of the final-effect evaporator 24; the heat source end steam of the second heater 10 is a steam extraction port matching with the steam parameter requirement in the turbine set.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. An ejector-based cogeneration system, comprising:
the device comprises a first thermodynamic compressor (1), a second thermodynamic compressor (7), a preheater group, an evaporator group, a condenser (3), a first heater (8) and a second heater (10);
the evaporator group comprises a plurality of evaporators which are sequentially communicated, and a first-effect evaporator (21) and a last-effect evaporator (24) are arranged at the head and the tail respectively;
the preheater group comprises a plurality of preheaters which are communicated in sequence, and a first preheater (41) and a last preheater (43) are arranged at the head and the tail respectively;
the steam inlet of the first-effect evaporator (21) is communicated with the first thermodynamic compressor (1), and the condensed water outlet of each-effect evaporator in the evaporator group is communicated with a fresh water outlet pipeline (6);
the secondary steam outlet of the final-effect evaporator (24) is respectively communicated with the condenser (3) and the second thermodynamic compressor (7), and the steam outlet of the second thermodynamic compressor (7) is communicated with the injection steam inlet of the first thermodynamic compressor (1);
the seawater inlet of the condenser (3) is communicated with a feeding seawater pipeline (11), and the seawater outlet of the condenser (3) is communicated with the seawater inlet of the last preheater (43);
the seawater outlets of the second preheater (42) and the last preheater (43) are divided into two paths, one path is communicated with the last preheater, and the other path is correspondingly communicated with the seawater inlets of the second-effect evaporator (22) and the last-effect evaporator (24) respectively;
the first heater is communicated with the heat supply network backwater, and the steam outlet of the second thermodynamic compressor (7) is communicated with the steam inlet of the first heater;
the first heater heat supply network water outlet is communicated with the second heater (10) heat supply network water inlet, and the second heater (10) water drain port is communicated with the hot end inlet of the first preheater (41).
2. The ejector-based cogeneration system of claim 1 wherein the number of evaporators is 4 or more.
3. The ejector-based cogeneration system of claim 1 wherein the number of preheaters is 4 or more.
4. A method of operation comprising the ejector-based co-generation system of any one of claims 1-3, further comprising the steps of:
the seawater sequentially enters the evaporator group after being preheated in the preheater group, the steam of the first thermodynamic compressor (1) enters the first-effect evaporator (21) to be condensed and released, the seawater is heated, the temperature is increased, and then partial vaporization is carried out, secondary steam with certain mass flow is generated, the secondary steam of the first-effect evaporator (21) is condensed and released in the second-effect evaporator (22), the seawater which flows into the second-effect evaporator is heated, the steam used for the next-effect evaporator is generated, and the condensed steam enters the fresh water outlet pipeline (6) after heat exchange in the evaporator group until the last-effect evaporator (24);
the second thermodynamic compressor (7) utilizes driving steam to jet, and outlet steam of the second thermodynamic compressor (7) is jetted by the first thermodynamic compressor (1) through the driving steam, and enters the first-effect evaporator (21) after being mixed.
5. The operation method according to claim 4, further comprising the step of heating the outside after the heat is absorbed in the first heater (8) and the second heater (10) sequentially by the return water of the heat supply network.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the hot end outlet water of the first heater is refined and then is collected into the turbine condenser.
7. The operating method according to claim 4, characterized in that the heat supply network water absorbs heat in the first heater (8) and the second heater (10), respectively, through the pipeline and supplies heat to the outside.
8. The method of operation according to claim 4, characterized in that the raw seawater is split into two parts after being preheated in the condenser (3), one part being discharged back to the environment and the other part being fed as raw seawater into the respective effect evaporators.
9. The operating method according to claim 8, characterized in that the heat source of the first heater (8) is mixed steam after the second thermodynamic compressor (7) uses the secondary steam driving the steam injection last effect evaporator (24).
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| CN202211059890.4A CN115406131B (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | Water-heat cogeneration system based on ejector and operation method |
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| CN202211059890.4A CN115406131B (en) | 2022-08-31 | 2022-08-31 | Water-heat cogeneration system based on ejector and operation method |
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| CN115406131B true CN115406131B (en) | 2023-11-28 |
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