CN113880172A - Low-temperature multi-effect evaporation seawater desalination energy utilization system and method - Google Patents
Low-temperature multi-effect evaporation seawater desalination energy utilization system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113880172A CN113880172A CN202111115892.6A CN202111115892A CN113880172A CN 113880172 A CN113880172 A CN 113880172A CN 202111115892 A CN202111115892 A CN 202111115892A CN 113880172 A CN113880172 A CN 113880172A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/06—Flash evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for utilizing seawater desalination energy by low-temperature multi-effect evaporation, which comprises n-stage evaporation units which are sequentially connected in series, wherein n is more than or equal to 3; each stage of evaporation unit comprises an evaporator and a flash tank, each stage of evaporation unit from 1 to n-1 further comprises a preheater, each stage of evaporation unit further comprises a condenser (8), a steam inlet of the evaporator D1 is communicated with a steam supply pipeline, and a condensed water outlet of the evaporator D1-Dn is communicated with a fresh water pipeline; the seawater inlet of the preheater E (n-1) is communicated with a seawater pipeline, and the seawater outlet of the preheater E1 is communicated with the seawater inlet of the evaporator D1; concentrated seawater outlets of the evaporators D1-Dn are communicated with seawater inlets of the flash tanks V1-Vn, and seawater outlets of the flash tanks V1-V (n-1) are respectively communicated with seawater inlets of the evaporators D2-Dn in the next stage of evaporation unit. The invention fully utilizes the sensible heat and the latent heat of the secondary steam and the condensate of the evaporator, reduces the energy consumption of the system, optimizes the process flow and improves the water-making performance of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a system and a method for utilizing seawater desalination energy by low-temperature multi-effect evaporation, belonging to the technical field of seawater evaporation and desalination.
Background
Sea water desalination, namely, sea water desalination is utilized to produce fresh water. The open source incremental technology for realizing water resource utilization can increase the total amount of fresh water, is not influenced by time, space and climate, and can ensure stable water supply of coastal resident drinking water, industrial boiler water supplement and the like. The process of obtaining fresh water from seawater is known as seawater desalination. The currently used methods for desalinating seawater include a seawater freezing method, an electrodialysis method, a distillation method, a reverse osmosis method, and an ammonium carbonate ion exchange method, and the currently applied reverse osmosis membrane method and the distillation method are the mainstream in the market. In the world, one hundred or more scientific research institutions of more than ten countries are researching on seawater desalination, and hundreds of seawater desalination facilities with different structures and different capacities are working. A modern large-scale seawater desalination plant can produce thousands, tens of thousands or even millions of tons of fresh water every day. How to produce fresh water by seawater at low cost becomes a technical problem to be urgently solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a system and a method for utilizing seawater desalination energy of low-temperature multi-effect evaporation, which fully utilize sensible heat and latent heat of secondary steam and condensate of an evaporator, reduce the energy consumption of a system, optimize the process flow and improve the water-making performance of the system.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a seawater desalination energy utilization system adopting low-temperature multi-effect evaporation comprises n-stage evaporation units which are sequentially connected in series, wherein n is more than or equal to 3; each stage of evaporation unit comprises an evaporator and a flash tank, each stage of evaporation unit from 1 to n-1 further comprises a preheater, each stage of evaporation unit further comprises a condenser, a steam inlet of the evaporator D1 is communicated with a steam supply pipeline, and a condensed water outlet of the evaporator D1-Dn is communicated with a fresh water pipeline; the seawater inlet of the preheater E (n-1) is communicated with a seawater pipeline, the seawater outlet of the preheater E (n-1) is communicated with the seawater inlet of the preheater E (n-2), and the seawater outlet of the preheater E1 is communicated with the seawater inlet of the evaporator D1; concentrated seawater outlets of the evaporators D1-Dn are respectively communicated with seawater inlets of flash tanks V1-Vn, and seawater outlets of the flash tanks V1-V (n-1) are respectively communicated with seawater inlets of the evaporators D2-Dn in the next stage of evaporation unit; secondary steam outlets of the evaporators D1-D (n-1) are respectively communicated with steam inlets of the preheaters E1-E (n-1) and steam inlets of the evaporators D2-Dn in the next-stage evaporation unit, and steam outlets of the preheaters E1-E (n-1) are respectively communicated with steam inlets of the evaporators D2-Dn in the next-stage evaporation unit; the steam outlets of the flash tanks V1-V (n-1) are respectively communicated with the steam inlets of the preheaters E1-E (n-1) and the steam inlets of the evaporators D2-Dn in the next stage of evaporation unit; the 1- (n-1) stage evaporation unit carries out evaporation and desalination treatment on the seawater by the following method: after steam in the steam supply pipeline enters an evaporator D1, heating seawater in an evaporator D1, wherein one part of secondary steam discharged by the evaporator D1 enters the evaporator D2, the other part of the secondary steam enters a preheater E1, the preheater E1 preheats the seawater, and steam discharged by the preheater E1 enters an evaporator D2 of a next-stage evaporation unit; the evaporator D1 discharges the concentrated seawater into a flash tank V1, and flash steam generated by the flash tank V1 is supplied to a preheater E1 and an evaporator D2 of a next-stage evaporation unit; the 2- (n-1) stage evaporation unit sequentially evaporates and desalts the seawater according to the method.
In the seawater desalination energy utilization system adopting low-temperature multi-effect evaporation, a water outlet of the flash tank Vn is communicated with a concentrated seawater pipeline; a secondary steam outlet of the evaporator Dn and a steam outlet of the flash tank Vn are both communicated with a steam inlet of the condenser; the nth stage evaporation unit evaporates and desalts the seawater by the following method: the secondary steam of an evaporator D (n-1), the steam discharged by a preheater E (n-1) and the flash steam output by a flash tank V (n-1) of the (n-1) th-stage evaporation unit are led to a steam inlet of an evaporator Dn, the evaporator Dn evaporates seawater, the fresh water produced by the evaporator Dn is led to a fresh water pipeline, the concentrated seawater produced by the evaporator Dn is led to a flash tank Vn, and the concentrated seawater produced by the flash tank Vn is led to a concentrated seawater pipeline; leading part of the secondary steam of the evaporator Dn to a condenser, and primarily heating the feed seawater through the condenser; the other part of the secondary steam of the evaporator Dn is led to a steam supply pipeline and is used for the next round along with the driving steam; a part of flash steam output by the flash tank Vn is led to a condenser, and the other part of flash steam is led to a steam supply pipeline.
In the aforementioned system for utilizing seawater desalination energy by low-temperature multi-effect evaporation, the condensed water outlet of the condenser is communicated with the fresh water pipeline; the water inlet of the condenser is communicated with a feeding seawater pipe, one water outlet of the condenser is communicated with a seawater pipeline, and the other water outlet of the condenser is communicated with a cooling seawater discharge pipe.
In the seawater desalination energy utilization system adopting low-temperature multi-effect evaporation, the steam supply pipeline is provided with the steam ejector TVC, the secondary steam outlet of the evaporator Dn is communicated with the steam inlet of the steam ejector TVC, and the steam outlet of the flash tank Vn is communicated with the steam inlet of the steam ejector TVC.
In the seawater desalination energy utilization system adopting low-temperature multi-effect evaporation, the number of stages n of the evaporation unit is more than or equal to 4.
The method for utilizing the low-temperature multi-effect evaporation seawater desalination energy of the system is adopted, seawater firstly enters a preheater E (n-1) -E1 for preheating, then enters an evaporator D1, steam is introduced into the evaporator D1 for heating and evaporating the seawater, concentrated seawater produced by the evaporator D1 enters a flash tank V1 for self-evaporation, then sequentially enters an evaporator D2 for evaporation, and then enters a flash tank V2 for self-evaporation until Dn and Vn are reached, and condensed water produced by the evaporator D1-Dn enters a fresh water pipeline; discharging residual liquid generated by Vn in the form of concentrated seawater; one part of secondary steam produced by the evaporators D1-D (n-1) is introduced into the corresponding preheaters E1-E (n-1), the other part of secondary steam enters the next-effect evaporators D2-Dn, one part of flash steam discharged by the flash tanks V1-V (n-1) is introduced into the corresponding preheaters E1-E (n-1), the other part of flash steam enters the next-effect evaporators D2-Dn, steam discharged by the preheaters E1-E (n-1) enters the evaporators D2-Dn of the next-stage evaporation unit, and the secondary steam produced by the evaporators Dn and the flash steam discharged by the flash tanks Vn both enter the condenser.
In the low-temperature multi-effect evaporation seawater desalination energy utilization method, feed seawater is preheated by a condenser, one part of the feed seawater is discharged in a form of cooling seawater, and the other part of the feed seawater enters a preheater E (n-1) through a seawater pipeline; the condensed water discharged from the condenser enters a fresh water pipeline.
In the method for utilizing the low-temperature multi-effect evaporation seawater desalination energy, the steam ejector TVC on the steam supply pipeline is driven by high-pressure steam, part of secondary steam of the evaporator Dn and part of flash steam of the flash tank Vn are introduced, and the secondary steam and the flash steam are mixed together to serve as heating steam of the first-effect evaporator D1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention fully utilizes the sensible heat and the latent heat of the secondary steam and the condensate of the evaporator, reduces the energy consumption of the system, optimizes the process flow and improves the water-making performance of the system. In order to achieve the purposes of consumption reduction and efficiency improvement, the utilization of secondary steam and the utilization of heat of condensate of an evaporator are considered. The condensate discharged from the evaporator can recover latent heat by adopting a self-evaporation mode. Because the saturation temperature of the condensed water is reduced along with the reduction of the pressure, the condensed water with higher temperature in the previous effect can be reduced to the pressure of the next effect, the condensed liquid can generate steam in the process, and the part of steam can be used as the heating steam of the next effect together with the secondary steam.
The low-temperature multi-effect evaporation seawater desalination technology (LT-MED) is adopted, so that the problems of equipment corrosion and inorganic salt scaling are solved. The LT-MED needs to provide heating steam externally to heat and evaporate the seawater in the first-effect evaporator, compared with low-grade steam generated by a steam turbine set of a thermal power plant, the LT-MED needs much lower heating steam grade, and in order to more effectively utilize the power and heat of the high-grade steam, a thermal compressor TVC is introduced into an LT-MED device to form the TVC-LT-MED seawater desalination device. The TVC is driven by high-pressure steam to inject part of secondary steam of the last-effect evaporator, and the part of the secondary steam is mixed to be used as heating steam of the first-effect evaporator, so that the utilization rate of secondary steam heat is improved, and the heat load of the condenser is reduced.
At present, the low-temperature multi-effect evaporation seawater desalination technology (LT-MED) mostly adopts a forward flow feeding mode, and has the following remarkable advantages compared with advection and countercurrent: 1. scale resistance: in the process flow, the first-effect evaporator has low salt content, the last-effect evaporator has low-temperature high salt content, namely, the concentrated seawater with high salt content is in a region with lower temperature, so that the crystallization and precipitation of calcium sulfate are avoided, and the scaling is reduced, so that the downstream flow has the best scaling resistance; 2. saving power: the operating pressure of each effect evaporator is gradually reduced, the material seawater does not need a delivery pump and can automatically flow into the subsequent effect evaporator by the pressure difference between the effects, and the pumping power is saved; 3. the water making ratio is improved: although the concentration of the seawater is gradually increased due to the continuous evaporation of the material, the boiling point is increased, but the boiling point increase caused by the concentration change is far less than the effect of pressure difference between the effects, so that the material can be subjected to flash evaporation when flowing between the effects, and the water making performance is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic system structure diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 1-steam supply line, 2-seawater line, 3-fresh water line, 4-evaporator D1, 5-preheater E1, 6-evaporator D2, 7-steam ejector TVC, 8-condenser, 9-flash drum V1.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
Detailed Description
Example 1 of the invention: a seawater desalination energy utilization system adopting low-temperature multi-effect evaporation comprises n-stage evaporation units which are sequentially connected in series, wherein n is more than or equal to 3; each stage of evaporation unit comprises an evaporator and a flash tank, each stage of evaporation unit from 1 to n-1 further comprises a preheater, each stage of evaporation unit further comprises a condenser 8, a steam inlet of the evaporator D14 is communicated with the steam supply pipeline 1, and a condensed water outlet of the evaporator D1-Dn is communicated with the fresh water pipeline 3; the seawater inlet of the preheater E (n-1) is communicated with the seawater pipeline 2, the seawater outlet of the preheater E (n-1) is communicated with the seawater inlet of the preheater E (n-2), and the seawater outlet of the preheater E15 is communicated with the seawater inlet of the evaporator D14; concentrated seawater outlets of the evaporators D1-Dn are respectively communicated with seawater inlets of flash tanks V1-Vn, and seawater outlets of the flash tanks V1-V (n-1) are respectively communicated with seawater inlets of the evaporators D2-Dn in the next stage of evaporation unit; secondary steam outlets of the evaporators D1-D (n-1) are respectively communicated with steam inlets of the preheaters E1-E (n-1) and steam inlets of the evaporators D2-Dn in the next-stage evaporation unit, and steam outlets of the preheaters E1-E (n-1) are respectively communicated with steam inlets of the evaporators D2-Dn in the next-stage evaporation unit; the steam outlets of the flash tanks V1-V (n-1) are respectively communicated with the steam inlets of the preheaters E1-E (n-1) and the steam inlets of the evaporators D2-Dn in the next stage of evaporation unit;
the 1- (n-1) stage evaporation unit carries out evaporation and desalination treatment on the seawater by the following method: after steam in the steam supply pipeline 1 enters an evaporator D1, sea water in an evaporator D1 is heated, part of secondary steam discharged by the evaporator D1 enters the evaporator D26, the other part of the secondary steam enters a preheater E1, the preheater E1 preheats the sea water, and steam discharged by the preheater E1 enters an evaporator D26 of a next-stage evaporation unit; the evaporator D1 discharges the concentrated seawater into a flash tank V19, and flash steam generated by the flash tank V19 is supplied to a preheater E15 and an evaporator D26 of a next-stage evaporation unit; the 2- (n-1) stage evaporation unit sequentially evaporates and desalts the seawater according to the method.
Example 2: a seawater desalination energy utilization system adopting low-temperature multi-effect evaporation comprises n-stage evaporation units which are sequentially connected in series, wherein n is more than or equal to 3; each stage of evaporation unit comprises an evaporator and a flash tank, each stage of evaporation unit from 1 to n-1 further comprises a preheater, each stage of evaporation unit further comprises a condenser 8, a steam inlet of the evaporator D14 is communicated with the steam supply pipeline 1, and a condensed water outlet of the evaporator D1-Dn is communicated with the fresh water pipeline 3; the seawater inlet of the preheater E (n-1) is communicated with the seawater pipeline 2, the seawater outlet of the preheater E (n-1) is communicated with the seawater inlet of the preheater E (n-2), and the seawater outlet of the preheater E15 is communicated with the seawater inlet of the evaporator D14; concentrated seawater outlets of the evaporators D1-Dn are respectively communicated with seawater inlets of flash tanks V1-Vn, and seawater outlets of the flash tanks V1-V (n-1) are respectively communicated with seawater inlets of the evaporators D2-Dn in the next stage of evaporation unit; secondary steam outlets of the evaporators D1-D (n-1) are respectively communicated with steam inlets of the preheaters E1-E (n-1) and steam inlets of the evaporators D2-Dn in the next-stage evaporation unit, and steam outlets of the preheaters E1-E (n-1) are respectively communicated with steam inlets of the evaporators D2-Dn in the next-stage evaporation unit; the steam outlets of the flash tanks V1-V (n-1) are respectively communicated with the steam inlets of the preheaters E1-E (n-1) and the steam inlets of the evaporators D2-Dn in the next stage of evaporation unit;
the 1- (n-1) stage evaporation unit carries out evaporation and desalination treatment on the seawater by the following method: after steam in the steam supply pipeline 1 enters an evaporator D1, sea water in an evaporator D1 is heated, part of secondary steam discharged by the evaporator D1 enters the evaporator D26, the other part of the secondary steam enters a preheater E1, the preheater E1 preheats the sea water, and steam discharged by the preheater E1 enters an evaporator D26 of a next-stage evaporation unit; the evaporator D1 discharges the concentrated seawater into a flash tank V19, and flash steam generated by the flash tank V19 is supplied to a preheater E1 and an evaporator D26 of a next-stage evaporation unit; the 2- (n-1) stage evaporation unit sequentially evaporates and desalts the seawater according to the method.
A water outlet of the flash tank Vn is communicated with a concentrated seawater pipeline; a secondary steam outlet of the evaporator Dn and a steam outlet of the flash tank Vn are both communicated with a steam inlet of the condenser 8; the nth stage evaporation unit evaporates and desalts the seawater by the following method: the secondary steam of an evaporator D (n-1), the steam discharged by a preheater E (n-1) and the flash steam output by a flash tank V (n-1) of the (n-1) th-stage evaporation unit are led to a steam inlet of an evaporator Dn, the evaporator Dn evaporates seawater, the fresh water produced by the evaporator Dn is led to a fresh water pipeline 3, the concentrated seawater produced by the evaporator Dn is led to a flash tank Vn, and the concentrated seawater produced by the flash tank Vn is led to a concentrated seawater pipeline; a part of the secondary steam of the evaporator Dn is led to a condenser 8, and the feed seawater is primarily heated by the condenser 8; the other part of the secondary steam of the evaporator Dn is led to a steam supply pipeline 1 and is utilized in the next round along with the driving steam; a portion of the flash steam output from the flash tank Vn is passed to the condenser 8 and another portion is passed to the steam supply line 1.
Example 3: as shown in fig. 1, a seawater desalination energy utilization system based on low-temperature multi-effect evaporation comprises n stages of evaporation units which are connected in series in sequence, wherein n is 4 in the embodiment; each stage of evaporation unit comprises an evaporator and a flash tank, the 1-3 stages of evaporation units further comprise a preheater, the 4 stages of evaporation units further comprise a condenser 8, a steam inlet of the evaporator D14 is communicated with the steam supply pipeline 1, and condensate water outlets of the evaporators D1-D4 are communicated with the fresh water pipeline 3; the seawater inlet of the preheater E3 is communicated with the seawater pipeline 2, the seawater outlet of the preheater E3 is communicated with the seawater inlet of the preheater E2, and the seawater outlet of the preheater E15 is communicated with the seawater inlet of the evaporator D14; concentrated seawater outlets of the evaporators D1-D4 are respectively communicated with seawater inlets of flash tanks V1-V4, and seawater outlets of the flash tanks V1-V3 are respectively communicated with seawater inlets of the evaporators D2-D4 in the next-stage evaporation unit; secondary steam outlets of the evaporators D1-D3 are respectively communicated with steam inlets of the preheaters E1-E3 and steam inlets of the evaporators D2-D4 in the next-stage evaporation unit, and steam outlets of the preheaters E1-E3 are respectively communicated with steam inlets of the evaporators D2-D4 in the next-stage evaporation unit; the steam outlets of the flash tanks V1-V3 are respectively communicated with the steam inlets of the preheaters E1-E3 and respectively communicated with the steam inlets of the evaporators D2-D4 in the next-stage evaporation unit;
the 1-3 stage evaporation unit evaporates and desalts the seawater by the following method: after steam in the steam supply pipeline 1 enters an evaporator D1, sea water in an evaporator D1 is heated, part of secondary steam discharged by the evaporator D1 enters the evaporator D26, the other part of the secondary steam enters a preheater E1, the preheater E1 preheats the sea water, and steam discharged by the preheater E1 enters an evaporator D26 of a next-stage evaporation unit; the evaporator D1 discharges the concentrated seawater into a flash tank V19, and flash steam generated by the flash tank V19 is supplied to a preheater E1 and an evaporator D26 of a next-stage evaporation unit; the 2-3 stage evaporation unit sequentially evaporates and desalts the seawater according to the method.
The water outlet of the flash tank V4 is communicated with a concentrated seawater pipeline; a secondary steam outlet of the evaporator D4 and a steam outlet of the flash tank V4 are both communicated with a steam inlet of the condenser 8; the 4 th-stage evaporation unit carries out evaporation and desalination treatment on the seawater by the following method: the secondary steam of an evaporator D3 of the 3 rd-stage evaporation unit, the steam discharged by a preheater E3 and the flash steam output by a flash tank V3 are led to a steam inlet of an evaporator D4, the evaporator D4 evaporates seawater, the fresh water produced by the evaporator D4 is led to a fresh water pipeline 3, the concentrated seawater produced by the evaporator D4 is led to a flash tank V4, and the concentrated seawater produced by the flash tank V4 is led to a concentrated seawater pipeline; a part of the secondary steam of the evaporator D4 is led to the condenser 8, and the feed seawater is primarily heated by the condenser 8; the other part of the secondary steam of the evaporator D4 is led to a steam supply pipeline 1 and is used for the next round along with the driving steam; a portion of the flash vapor output from flash drum V4 is passed to condenser 8 and another portion is passed to vapor supply line 1.
A condensed water outlet of the condenser 8 is communicated with the fresh water pipeline 3; the water inlet of the condenser 8 is communicated with a feeding seawater pipe, one water outlet of the condenser 8 is communicated with the seawater pipe 2, and the other water outlet is communicated with a cooling seawater discharge pipe. The steam supply pipeline 1 is provided with a steam ejector TVC 7, a secondary steam outlet of the evaporator D4 is communicated with a steam inlet of the steam ejector TVC 7, and a steam outlet of the flash tank V4 is communicated with a steam inlet of the steam ejector TVC 7.
This system adopts the multiple-effect mode of handling, adopts the multistage evaporation unit of establishing ties to utilize the heat of steam step by step to steam that produces also merges into in the drive steam in the sea water evaporation process and carries out cyclic utilization, can utilize the heat of drive steam more efficiently, improve the system and make water performance. The preheaters of all stages of evaporation units are all arranged in series, and seawater can be preheated to about 70 ℃.
Example 4: a low-temperature multi-effect evaporation seawater desalination energy utilization method comprises the steps that seawater firstly enters a preheater E (n-1) -E1 for preheating, then enters an evaporator D1, steam is introduced into the evaporator D1 for heating and evaporating the seawater, concentrated seawater produced by the evaporator D1 enters a flash tank V1 for self-evaporation, then sequentially enters an evaporator D2 for evaporation, and then enters a flash tank V2 for self-evaporation until Dn and Vn exist, and condensed water produced by the evaporator D1-Dn enters a fresh water pipeline 3; discharging residual liquid generated by Vn in the form of concentrated seawater; one part of secondary steam produced by the evaporators D1-D (n-1) is introduced into the corresponding preheater E1-E (n-1), the other part of secondary steam enters the next-effect evaporator D2-Dn, one part of flash steam discharged by the flash tank V1-V (n-1) is introduced into the corresponding preheater E1-E (n-1), the other part of flash steam enters the next-effect evaporator D2-Dn, steam discharged by the preheater E1-E (n-1) enters the evaporators D2-Dn of the next-stage evaporation unit, and the secondary steam produced by the evaporators Dn and the flash steam discharged by the flash tank Vn both enter the condenser 8.
Preferably, after the feed seawater is preheated by the condenser 8, one part of the feed seawater is discharged in the form of cooled seawater, and the other part of the feed seawater enters the preheater E (n-1) through the seawater pipeline 2; the condensed water discharged from the condenser 8 enters the fresh water line 3.
More preferably, the steam ejector TVC 7 on the steam supply line 1 is driven by high pressure steam and introduces a portion of the secondary steam from the evaporator Dn and a portion of the flash steam from the flash drum Vn and mixes together as the heating steam for the first effect evaporator D1.
Claims (8)
1. A seawater desalination energy utilization system of low-temperature multi-effect evaporation is characterized by comprising n-stage evaporation units which are sequentially connected in series, wherein n is more than or equal to 3; each stage of evaporation unit comprises an evaporator and a flash tank, each stage of evaporation unit from 1 to n-1 further comprises a preheater, each stage of evaporation unit further comprises a condenser (8), a steam inlet of the evaporator D1(4) is communicated with the steam supply pipeline (1), and a condensate outlet of the evaporator D1-Dn is communicated with the fresh water pipeline (3); the seawater inlet of the preheater E (n-1) is communicated with the seawater pipeline (2), the seawater outlet of the preheater E (n-1) is communicated with the seawater inlet of the preheater E (n-2), and the seawater outlet of the preheater E1(5) is communicated with the seawater inlet of the evaporator D1 (4); concentrated seawater outlets of the evaporators D1-Dn are respectively communicated with seawater inlets of flash tanks V1-Vn, and seawater outlets of the flash tanks V1-V (n-1) are respectively communicated with seawater inlets of the evaporators D2-Dn in the next stage of evaporation unit; secondary steam outlets of the evaporators D1-D (n-1) are respectively communicated with steam inlets of the preheaters E1-E (n-1) and steam inlets of the evaporators D2-Dn in the next-stage evaporation unit, and steam outlets of the preheaters E1-E (n-1) are respectively communicated with steam inlets of the evaporators D2-Dn in the next-stage evaporation unit; the steam outlets of the flash tanks V1-V (n-1) are respectively communicated with the steam inlets of the preheaters E1-E (n-1) and the steam inlets of the evaporators D2-Dn in the next stage of evaporation unit;
the 1- (n-1) stage evaporation unit carries out evaporation and desalination treatment on the seawater by the following method: after steam in the steam supply pipeline (1) enters an evaporator D1(4), heating seawater in the evaporator D1(4), wherein one part of secondary steam discharged by the evaporator D1(4) enters an evaporator D2(6), the other part of secondary steam enters a preheater E1(5), the preheater E1(5) preheats the seawater, and steam discharged by the preheater E1(5) enters an evaporator D2(6) of a next-stage evaporation unit; the evaporator D1(4) discharges concentrated seawater into a flash tank V1(9), and flash steam generated by the flash tank V1(9) is supplied to a preheater E1(5) and an evaporator D2(6) of a next-stage evaporation unit; the 2- (n-1) stage evaporation unit sequentially evaporates and desalts the seawater according to the method.
2. The seawater desalination energy utilization system for low-temperature multi-effect evaporation as claimed in claim 1, wherein a water outlet of the flash tank Vn is communicated with a concentrated seawater pipeline; a secondary steam outlet of the evaporator Dn and a steam outlet of the flash tank Vn are both communicated with a steam inlet of the condenser (8);
the nth stage evaporation unit evaporates and desalts the seawater by the following method: the secondary steam of an evaporator D (n-1), the steam discharged by a preheater E (n-1) and the flash steam output by a flash tank V (n-1) of the (n-1) th-stage evaporation unit are led to a steam inlet of an evaporator Dn, the evaporator Dn evaporates seawater, the fresh water produced by the evaporator Dn is led to a fresh water pipeline (3), the concentrated seawater produced by the evaporator Dn is led to a flash tank Vn, and the concentrated seawater produced by the flash tank Vn is led to a concentrated seawater pipeline; a part of the secondary steam of the evaporator Dn is led to a condenser (8), and the feed seawater is primarily heated by the condenser (8); the other part of the secondary steam of the evaporator Dn is led to a steam supply pipeline (1) and is used for the next round along with the driving steam; a part of flash steam output by the flash tank Vn is led to a condenser (8), and the other part of flash steam is led to a steam supply pipeline (1).
3. The seawater desalination energy utilization system for low-temperature multi-effect evaporation as claimed in claim 2, wherein the condensed water outlet of the condenser (8) is communicated with the fresh water pipeline (3); the water inlet of the condenser (8) is communicated with a feeding seawater pipe, one water outlet of the condenser (8) is communicated with the seawater pipeline (2), and the other water outlet is communicated with a cooling seawater discharge pipe.
4. The seawater desalination energy utilization system of claim 3, wherein a steam ejector TVC (7) is arranged on the steam supply pipeline (1), a secondary steam outlet of the evaporator Dn is communicated with a steam inlet of the steam ejector TVC (7), and a steam outlet of the flash tank Vn is communicated with a steam inlet of the steam ejector TVC (7).
5. The seawater desalination energy utilization system for low-temperature multi-effect evaporation as claimed in claim 4, wherein the number of stages n of the evaporation units is more than or equal to 4.
6. The method for utilizing the low-temperature multi-effect evaporation seawater desalination energy of the system of any one of claims 1-5 is characterized in that seawater enters a preheater E (n-1) -E1 for preheating, then enters an evaporator D1, steam is introduced into the evaporator D1 for heating and evaporating the seawater, concentrated seawater produced by the evaporator D1 enters a flash tank V1 for self-evaporation, then sequentially enters an evaporator D2 for evaporation, then enters a flash tank V2 for self-evaporation until Dn and Vn are reached, and condensed water produced by the evaporators D1-Dn enters a fresh water pipeline (3); discharging residual liquid generated by Vn in the form of concentrated seawater; one part of secondary steam produced by the evaporators D1-D (n-1) is introduced into the corresponding preheater E1-E (n-1), the other part of secondary steam enters the next-effect evaporator D2-Dn, one part of flash steam discharged by the flash tank V1-V (n-1) is introduced into the corresponding preheater E1-E (n-1), the other part of flash steam enters the next-effect evaporator D2-Dn, steam discharged by the preheater E1-E (n-1) enters the evaporators D2-Dn of the next-stage evaporation unit, and the secondary steam produced by the evaporators Dn and the flash steam discharged by the flash tank Vn both enter the condenser (8).
7. The low-temperature multi-effect evaporation seawater desalination energy utilization method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the feed seawater is preheated by the condenser (8), one part is discharged in the form of cooled seawater, and the other part enters the preheater E (n-1) through the seawater pipeline (2); condensed water discharged from the condenser (8) enters the fresh water pipeline (3).
8. The method for utilizing low-temperature multi-effect evaporation seawater desalination energy as claimed in claim 6, wherein the steam ejector TVC (7) on the steam supply pipeline (1) is driven by high-pressure steam, and part of the secondary steam introduced into the evaporator Dn and part of the flash steam of the flash tank Vn are mixed together to be used as heating steam of the first-effect evaporator D1.
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