CN115399130A - Anti-lodging rice fertilization device and anti-lodging rice fertilization method - Google Patents
Anti-lodging rice fertilization device and anti-lodging rice fertilization method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115399130A CN115399130A CN202211141245.7A CN202211141245A CN115399130A CN 115399130 A CN115399130 A CN 115399130A CN 202211141245 A CN202211141245 A CN 202211141245A CN 115399130 A CN115399130 A CN 115399130A
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- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000002414 leg Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001237160 Kallima inachus Species 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 241000893384 Ceratorhiza oryzae-sativae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical group [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005648 plant growth regulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010152 pollination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/047—Spraying of liquid fertilisers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D1/00—Dropping, ejecting, releasing, or receiving articles, liquids, or the like, in flight
- B64D1/16—Dropping or releasing powdered, liquid, or gaseous matter, e.g. for fire-fighting
- B64D1/18—Dropping or releasing powdered, liquid, or gaseous matter, e.g. for fire-fighting by spraying, e.g. insecticides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rice lodging-resistant fertilizing device and a rice lodging-resistant fertilizing method, relates to the technical field of rice fertilization, and comprises a water tank, wherein a liquid pump is arranged on the water tank, the liquid pump is connected with a bottom flow dividing pipe through a first connecting pipe, the bottom flow dividing pipe is communicated with a hose, and one end, far away from the bottom flow dividing pipe, of the hose is communicated with a hollow-leaved back spray head. According to the invention, a design of preventing lodging fertilization at the back side and the root stem of the rice leaf is adopted, the hollow leaf back spray head is arranged at the bottom of the hose, and the air flow generated by the hollow leaf back spray head can be used for hollowing the hollow leaf back spray head so as to perform targeted fertilization spraying at the back side and the root stem of the rice leaf on the one hand, and on the other hand, the air flow generated by the hollow leaf back spray head can be used for blowing away the liquid near the root of the rice by wind power to leak out of the soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rice fertilization, in particular to a rice lodging-resistant fertilization device and a rice lodging-resistant fertilization method.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the production level of rice and frequent occurrence of extreme climate, the lodging of rice becomes a restriction factor of high and stable yield more and more, and the lodging not only reduces the yield, but also reduces the rice quality. The lodging phenomenon appears in the later growth stage of the rice, so that the normal filling and fructification of the rice are influenced, even the sprouting on the ears is caused, the formation of the rice yield and the rice quality and mechanical harvest are influenced, and the lodging phenomenon of the rice is related to the lodging resistance of varieties, is related to the large storm influence of typhoon and the like, and is also related to the fertilizer and water management. The main reasons for lodging in production are caused by the reasons of various aspects such as variety lodging resistance, unreasonable planting density, inadequate fertilizer and water management, disease and pest damage and the like, which can cause rice lodging, and the rice lodging is caused by comprehensive factors, and the influence on the yield of rice is very serious, and the expression type of the lodging is that the root falls, the root is pricked shallowly and unstably, the bearing force is lacked, and the lodging on the flat ground is caused by slight weather erosion; another is lodging in different degrees because the stalks are not strong and cannot bear the weight of the upper part.
However, after the rice seeds are planted in the field, lodging can be prevented only through fertilizer and water management, and the lodging prevention means after planting is that foliar fertilizer is usually sprayed when the rice is fertilized, so that firstly, the fertilizer efficiency is high, the absorption and transformation of the rice leaves to nutrients are high, the foliar fertilizer can quickly transform the seedling condition, and the growth of the rice is facilitated; the second is to prolong the life of roots and leaves, the leaf surface spraying nitrogen, phosphorus and fertilizer can enhance photosynthesis and root activity of rice leaves, the later stage of rice growth can reduce the aging speed of the leaves and the root system, and promote accumulation, transportation and conversion of nutrient substances, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing lodging.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a rice lodging-resistant fertilizing device and a rice lodging-resistant fertilizing method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a paddy rice lodging-resistant fertilizing device comprises a water tank, wherein a liquid pump is arranged on the water tank, the liquid pump is connected with a bottom flow dividing pipe through a first connecting pipe, the bottom flow dividing pipe is communicated with a hose, and one end, far away from the bottom flow dividing pipe, of the hose is communicated with a hollow leaf back spray head;
the stagnant leaf back sprayer is provided with an air outlet part and a liquid outlet part, the liquid outlet part is positioned on the upper side of the liquid outlet part, the air outlet part sprays air to the ground to make the stagnant leaf back sprayer stagnant, and the liquid outlet part sprays liquid outwards to spray the back of the rice leaves.
Optionally, the liquid outlet end of the liquid pump is further communicated with a second connecting pipe, the second connecting pipe is communicated with a pesticide spraying pipe, and a pesticide spraying head for spraying pesticide downwards is arranged at the bottom end of the pesticide spraying pipe.
Optionally, the liquid outlet part of the stagnation blade back spray head is composed of a connector, a spray head and spray holes, one end of the connector is communicated with the hose, the other end of the connector is communicated with the spray head, and the upper surface of the spray head is provided with a plurality of upward spray holes;
the air outlet part of the stagnation blade back sprayer is composed of a direct-current power supply, a fan, an air collecting cover, an air outlet and air inlet holes, the direct-current power supply is arranged between the sprayer and the air collecting cover, the air outlet is formed in the bottom end of the air collecting cover, the upper end of the air collecting cover is provided with a plurality of air inlet holes which are communicated with the inside and the outside, the fan is arranged in the air collecting cover and is electrically connected with the direct-current power supply, and the fan sucks air from the air inlet holes when rotating and exhausts air from the air outlet.
Optionally, the hose is composed of two parts, namely a hose outer layer and a hose inner layer, rheological media are filled between the hose outer layer and the hose inner layer, the rheological media are electrorheological fluids, and the inner walls of the hose outer layer and the hose inner layer are both provided with conducting layers;
the conducting layer of the inner layer of the hose is connected with the positive electrode of the direct-current power supply through a conducting wire, and the conducting layer of the outer layer of the hose is grounded.
Optionally, the stagnation blade back spray head further comprises a wind power trigger joint, and the wind power trigger joint is arranged on the upper side of the gas gathering cover and is close to the gas inlet;
wind-force triggers to connect including fixing first fixed block and the second fixed block on the DC power supply shell, first fixed block fixed connection is on DC power supply's shell, the spout has been seted up to DC power supply's surface, sliding connection has the slider in the spout, be provided with the spring between slider and the first fixed block, be provided with first contact on the slider, be provided with the second contact on the second fixed block, first contact passes through the wire and is connected through the conducting layer with the hose inlayer, the second contact connects the DC power supply positive pole.
The invention also discloses a paddy lodging-resistant fertilizing method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, fertilizing at the heading and maturing stage of rice, selecting 2.3kg of monopotassium phosphate with the dosage of 2.3kg per 1hm, adding 400kg of water, spraying at the flowering stage, wherein the spraying time is 15-16 o' clock in the evening of sunny day, spraying at the whole day of cloudy day, and spraying at the flowering stage of rice, wherein the spraying time is not within the range of 8-00;
s2, a backpack or an unmanned aerial vehicle is selected for fertilization as required during fertilization, when the backpack is adopted for fertilization, the backpack is carried on the back of the shoulder of a person through straps on the backpack, a storage battery is loaded in the backpack, at the moment, a water tank falls on the waist of the person, a hose and an emptying leaf back sprayer are located below the legs and knees of the person, then a liquid pump is started, the liquid pump sends one part of liquid in the water tank into the hose through a first connecting pipe, fertilizer liquid sent into the hose sprays the back of rice leaves through the emptying leaf back sprayer, the other part of liquid is sent into a pesticide spraying pipe through a second connecting pipe, and the fertilizer liquid sent into the pesticide spraying pipe sprays the front of the leaves through the pesticide spraying head;
s3, when the stagnant leaf back sprayer is used for fertilizing, a fan is connected, the fan sucks air from an air inlet when rotating, the air is exhausted from an air outlet, so that air can be sprayed to the bottom surface of the planted rice, the stagnant leaf back sprayer is stagnant under the reaction force of the air, a conductive layer of the inner wall of the inner layer of the hose is connected, the conductive layer of the inner wall of the inner layer of the hose is a positive electrode at the moment, the conductive layer of the inner wall of the outer layer of the hose is a negative electrode when the hose is in contact with the ground, an electric field is formed between the conductive layer and the negative electrode, and electrorheological fluid is converted from Newtonian fluid into a sticky plastic body under the electrified state, so that the action of resisting rice interference is achieved, the situation that the hose is sprayed to the rice to cause the rice to swing randomly is avoided, and the exhausting and fertilizing angles of the stagnant leaf back sprayer are unstable;
s4, when the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for fertilizing, the endurance of the unmanned aerial vehicle is increased by arranging the wind power trigger connector, when the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for fertilizing at dense rice, because more space is shielded by the rice around the air inlet hole, the gas entering the air inlet hole is reduced, larger local negative pressure is generated at the air inlet hole, at the moment, the sliding block can overcome the tensile force of the spring under the action of the external atmospheric pressure and is attached to the second fixed block, and at the moment, the first contact is electrically connected with the second contact; when unmanned aerial vehicle was fertilizeed in sparse rice department, because the space that receives the rice to shelter from around the inlet port is more much, therefore the air current is unobstructed here, is not enough to make the slider overcome the tension motion that removes of spring.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, a design of preventing lodging fertilization at the back side and the root stem of the rice leaf is adopted, the hollow leaf back spray head is arranged at the bottom of the hose, and the air flow generated by the hollow leaf back spray head can be used for hollowing the hollow leaf back spray head so as to perform targeted fertilization spraying at the back side and the root stem of the rice leaf on the one hand, and on the other hand, the air flow generated by the hollow leaf back spray head can be used for blowing away the liquid near the root of the rice by wind power to leak out of the soil.
The invention adopts a stable spraying design, the hose is composed of two parts of an outer layer of the hose and an inner layer of the hose, electrorheological fluid is filled between the outer layer of the hose and the inner layer of the hose, an electric field is formed between the outer layer of the hose and the inner layer of the hose by electrifying, and the electrorheological fluid is converted into a sticky plastic body from Newtonian fluid under the electrified state, so that the effect of resisting rice interference can be achieved, the condition that the hose is sprayed to contact rice to cause the rice to swing randomly is avoided, and the angle of air exhaust and fertilization of the dead space leaf back spray head is unstable.
The invention also has an energy-saving design, and the hose can be powered on or not according to the local density of the rice by arranging the wind power trigger joint, so that the hose can be powered on when the rice is more obstructed to harden and increase the stability of the hose, and the hose can be powered off when the rice is less obstructed to save energy and increase the endurance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a stagnation blade back nozzle according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the wind trigger joint of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the hose of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a spray application of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1a knapsack, 1b unmanned aerial vehicle, 2 water tanks, 3 liquid pumps, 4 first connecting pipes, 5 spray pipes, 6 spray heads, 7 bottom shunt tubes, 8 hoses, 81 hose outer layers, 82 hose inner layers, 83 rheological medium, 9 stagnant blade back of the body shower nozzle, 91 connector, 92 shower nozzles, 93 orifice, 94 DC power supply, 95 fan, 96 gather the gas hood, 97 gas vent, 98 inlet port, 99 wind-force trigger joint, 991 first fixed block, 992 spring, 993 spout, 994 slider, 995 first contact, 996 second contact, 997 second fixed block, 10 second connecting pipes.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, the device for preventing the rice from lodging and the method for preventing the rice from lodging comprise a water tank 2, wherein a liquid pump 3 is arranged on the water tank 2, specifically, a second connecting pipe 10 is further communicated with a liquid outlet end of the liquid pump 3, the second connecting pipe 10 is communicated with a pesticide spraying pipe 5, a pesticide spraying head 6 for spraying pesticide downwards is arranged at the bottom end of the pesticide spraying pipe 5, and the rice is positively sprayed from top to bottom through the pesticide spraying head 6.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the liquid pump 3 is connected with a bottom shunt tube 7 through a first connection tube 4, the bottom shunt tube 7 is communicated with a hose 8, in this embodiment, the hose 8 is composed of two parts, namely a hose outer layer 81 and a hose inner layer 82, a rheological medium is filled between the hose outer layer 81 and the hose inner layer 82, the rheological medium is an electrorheological fluid (an electrorheological fluid composed of Ce-doped TiO2 particles and oil or damping oil may be adopted), and conductive layers are disposed on inner walls of the hose outer layer 81 and the hose inner layer 82. The conductive layer of the inner layer 82 of the hose is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply through the lead 11, and the conductive layer of the outer layer 81 of the hose is grounded.
Referring to fig. 2, one end of the hose 8, which is far away from the bottom shunt tube 7, is communicated with a stagnation blade back sprayer 9, the stagnation blade back sprayer 9 is provided with an air outlet part and a liquid outlet part, the liquid outlet part is positioned on the upper side of the liquid outlet part, the air outlet part sprays air to the ground to make the stagnation blade back sprayer 9 stagnate, and the liquid outlet part sprays liquid outwards to spray the back of the rice leaves.
The liquid outlet part of the stagnation blade back spray head is composed of a connector 91, a spray head 92 and spray holes 93, one end of the connector 91 is communicated with the hose 8, the other end of the connector 91 is communicated with the spray head 92, and the upper surface of the spray head 92 is provided with a plurality of upward spray holes 93.
The air outlet part of the stagnant blade back spray head is composed of a direct-current power supply 94, a fan 95, an air gathering cover 96, an air outlet 97 and air inlet holes 98, the direct-current power supply 94 is arranged between the spray head 92 and the air gathering cover 96, the air outlet 97 is formed in the bottom end of the air gathering cover 96, the air inlet holes 98 which are communicated with the inside and the outside are formed in the upper end of the air gathering cover 96, the fan 95 is arranged in the air gathering cover 96 and is electrically connected with the direct-current power supply 94, and the fan 95 sucks air from the air inlet holes 98 when rotating and exhausts air from the air outlet 97.
Referring to fig. 5, a method for preventing lodging and fertilizing of rice comprises the following steps:
the fertilizer is applied in the heading and maturing period of rice, monopotassium phosphate is selected, the dosage is 2.3kg per 1hm2, water is added for 400kg, the fertilizer is sprayed in the flowering period, the spraying time is 15-16 points in the evening of sunny days, the fertilizer can be sprayed in the whole day of cloudy days, and the fertilizer is not sprayed in the period of 8-00. Because the main task in this period is to attack and strengthen the seeds, improve the maturity and plumpness of the grains, sufficient nutrient supply can greatly improve the quality of the grains, at this time, the fertilizer with high nitrogen content such as urea is not suitable for scattered application any more, because the stem and leaf of the plant in this period basically do not grow any more, and the foliar fertilizer is reasonably sprayed after the corncob is flush to the field block with yellow leaf color, on one hand, the effect of strengthening the seeds can be played, and on the other hand, the effects of prolonging the root system activity, maintaining the live stems, preventing lodging and improving the quality of the grains are very obvious. The foliar fertilizer is preferably potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea, the dosage is 2.3kg of the former and 4.5kg of the latter per 1hm2 of the former, and 400kg of water is added, and the foliar fertilizer is sprayed in the flowering phase, or some biological potassium is sprayed together with a plant growth regulator. The spraying time of the foliar fertilizer is selected to be 15-16 o' clock in the evening or afternoon of a sunny day. It can be sprayed on the whole day in cloudy days. In the flowering period of rice, spraying is not needed at 8-14 points, so as to avoid influencing flowering and pollination.
Select knapsack 1a or unmanned aerial vehicle 1b fertilization as required during the fertilization, adopt knapsack 1a fertilization in this embodiment, braces back of the body on through knapsack 1a is at people's shoulder, the interior loading battery of knapsack 1a, water tank 2 falls on people's waist this moment, and hose 8 and stagnant empty leaf back of the body shower nozzle 9 are located people's shank and knee and descend, open liquid pump 3 after that, liquid pump 3 sends into hose 8 through first connecting pipe 4 with some of the liquid in the water tank 2 in, send into the fertilizer liquid in the hose 8 and spray the rice leaf back through stagnant empty leaf back of the body shower nozzle 9, another part sends into through second connecting pipe 10 and spouts in the medicine pipe 5, send into the fertilizer liquid in the medicine pipe 5 and carry out the positive spraying of leaf through spouting the medicine shower nozzle.
When fertilizing is carried out through the stagnation blade back sprayer 9, the fan 95 is switched on, the fan 95 sucks air from the air inlet 98 when rotating, the air is exhausted from the air outlet 97, so that the bottom surface for planting rice can be sprayed, stagnation is carried out under the reaction force of air, the stagnation height can be controlled by the wind power, namely the rotating speed of the fan 95 is controlled, the rotating speed of the fan 95 can be controlled by adjusting voltage, a 4-wire fan or a 2-wire fan or a 3-wire fan can be adopted for PWM speed regulation, PWM control is carried out on the + V and-V of the two ends of the fan through a PWM pulse circuit, and the rotating speed can be flexibly controlled by any DC fan.
Thereby the air current that stagnates sky leaf back of the body shower nozzle 9 produced can be with its stagnate sky thereby carry out the rice leaf back of the body, rhizome department pertinence fertilization sprays, and the air current that on the other hand stagnates the sky leaf back of the body shower nozzle produced can make near the liquid of rice root blow away by wind-force, spills soil, and such fertilization mode can increase the gas permeability of soil, increases the content of oxygen in the soil, and then plays the effect of making the root, and root activity increases, can play the effect that strong root anti-lodging was put forward.
The conductive layer of the inner wall of the inner layer 82 of the hose is connected, at the moment, the conductive layer of the inner wall of the inner layer 82 of the hose is a positive electrode, the conductive layer of the inner wall of the outer layer 81 of the hose is a negative electrode when the conductive layer contacts the ground, an electric field is formed between the conductive layer and the negative electrode, and the electrorheological fluid is converted into a sticky plastic body from Newton fluid in a power-on state, so that the action of resisting rice interference can be achieved, the condition that the hose 8 touches rice to cause the rice to swing randomly is avoided, and the air-stagnation blade back sprayer 9 is unstable in air exhaust and fertilization angles.
Example two
This embodiment is based on unmanned aerial vehicle 1b uses, the leaf back of the body shower nozzle 9 that stagnates still includes wind-force trigger joint 99, wind-force trigger joint 99 sets up and gathers the upside of gas hood 96 and be close to inlet port 98, and the purpose that wind-force triggered joint 99 is for energy-conservation, reduces the energy consumption, and increase continuation of the journey (because unmanned aerial vehicle's battery energy density receives the restriction to and the management and control of unmanned aerial vehicle electric quantity, therefore need adopt energy-conserving means to prolong the continuation of the journey, reduce the electricity changing number of times when unmanned aerial vehicle's fertilization).
Wind-force triggers connects 99 including fixing first fixed block 991 and the second fixed block 997 on DC power supply 94 shell, first fixed block 991 fixed connection is on DC power supply 94's shell, spout 993 has been seted up to DC power supply 94's surface, sliding connection has slider 994 in the spout 993, be provided with spring 992 between slider 994 and the first fixed block 991, spring 992's elasticity size and initial tension's size can change according to actual demand, for example need increase unless when the sensitivity, can adopt elasticity, the less spring of initial tension, vice versa the same reason. A first contact 995 is arranged on the sliding block 994, a second contact 996 is arranged on the second fixing block 997, the first contact is connected with the inner layer 82 of the hose through a conducting layer by a conducting wire, and the second contact 996 is connected with the positive electrode of the direct-current power supply 94.
Referring to fig. 7, when the unmanned aerial vehicle 1b is used for fertilizing, the unmanned aerial vehicle endurance is increased by arranging the wind power trigger connector 99, when the unmanned aerial vehicle 1b is used for fertilizing at dense rice, because the space shielded by the rice around the air inlet hole 98 is more, the gas entering the air inlet hole 98 is reduced, and a larger local negative pressure is generated at the position (according to aerodynamics, the faster the flow rate is, the smaller the pressure is, and the larger the local negative pressure is generated), at the moment, the sliding block 994 can overcome the pulling force of the spring 992 under the action of the external atmospheric pressure to be attached to the second fixing block 997, and at the moment, the first contact 995 is electrically connected with the second contact 996; when unmanned aerial vehicle 1b is fertilizied in sparse rice department, because the space that receives the rice to shelter from around the inlet port 98 is less, therefore the air current is unobstructed here, is not enough to make slider 994 overcome the tension motion that removes of spring 992 to come real-time circular telegram, breakpoint according to the density that the rice was planted, thereby reached energy-conserving effect. And because the flight of unmanned aerial vehicle 1b compares people's speed and will be fast, therefore hose 8 and stagnant empty leaf back of body shower nozzle 9 are in inertial motion in fact when unmanned aerial vehicle flies, therefore at sparse rice department, receive the sheltering from of sporadic rice and can not hinder its inertial motion yet.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A paddy rice lodging-resistant fertilizing device comprises a water tank (2), wherein a liquid pump (3) is arranged on the water tank (2), the liquid pump (3) is connected with a bottom shunt pipe (7) through a first connecting pipe (4), and the paddy rice lodging-resistant fertilizing device is characterized in that the bottom shunt pipe (7) is communicated with a hose (8), and one end, far away from the bottom shunt pipe (7), of the hose (8) is communicated with a stagnant leaf back spray head (9);
the stagnant leaf back spray head (9) is provided with an air outlet part and a liquid outlet part, the liquid outlet part is positioned on the upper side of the liquid outlet part, the air outlet part sprays air to the ground to make the stagnant leaf back spray head (9) stagnant, and the liquid outlet part sprays liquid outwards to spray the back of the rice leaves.
2. The paddy rice anti-lodging fertilizer device according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid outlet end of the liquid pump (3) is further communicated with a second connecting pipe (10), the second connecting pipe (10) is communicated with a pesticide spraying pipe (5), and the bottom end of the pesticide spraying pipe (5) is provided with a pesticide spraying head (6) for spraying pesticide downwards.
3. The rice lodging-resistant fertilizer application device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquid outlet portion of the hollow leaf back nozzle is composed of a connector (91), a nozzle (92) and spray holes (93), one end of the connector (91) is communicated with the hose (8), the other end of the connector (91) is communicated with the nozzle (92), and the upper surface of the nozzle (92) is provided with a plurality of upward spray holes (93);
the air outlet part of the stagnation blade back sprayer is composed of a direct-current power supply (94), a fan (95), an air collecting cover (96), an air outlet (97) and an air inlet hole (98), the direct-current power supply (94) is arranged between the sprayer (92) and the air collecting cover (96), the air outlet (97) is formed in the bottom end of the air collecting cover (96), a plurality of air inlet holes (98) communicated with the inside and the outside are formed in the upper end of the air collecting cover (96), the fan (95) is arranged in the air collecting cover (96) and is electrically connected with the direct-current power supply (94), the fan (95) sucks air from the air inlet hole (98) when rotating and exhausts from the air outlet hole (97).
4. The rice anti-lodging fertilizer device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that the hose (8) is composed of an outer hose layer (81) and an inner hose layer (82), a rheological medium is filled between the outer hose layer (81) and the inner hose layer (82), the rheological medium is electrorheological fluid, and the inner walls of the outer hose layer (81) and the inner hose layer (82) are provided with conductive layers;
the conductive layer of the inner layer (82) of the hose is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current power supply through a lead (11), and the conductive layer of the outer layer (81) of the hose is grounded.
5. The rice lodging-resistant fertilizer application device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the stagnant blade back spray head (9) further comprises a wind-force trigger joint (99), and the wind-force trigger joint (99) is arranged on the upper side of the gas-gathering cover (96) and close to the gas inlet hole (98);
wind-force trigger joint (99) are including fixing first fixed block (991) and second fixed block (997) on DC power supply (94) shell, first fixed block (991) fixed connection is on DC power supply (94)'s shell, spout (993) have been seted up to DC power supply (94)'s surface, sliding connection has slider (994) in spout (993), be provided with spring (992) between slider (994) and first fixed block (991), be provided with first contact (995) on slider (994), be provided with second contact (996) on second fixed block (997), first contact passes through the wire and is connected through the conducting layer with hose inlayer (82), second contact (996) meet DC power supply (94) positive pole.
6. A rice lodging-resistant fertilization method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, fertilizing is carried out in a heading and maturing period of rice, monopotassium phosphate is selected, the dosage of each 1hm2 is 2.3kg, water is added for 400kg, spraying is carried out in a flowering period, the spraying time is 15-16 o' clock in the evening of a sunny day, and spraying can be carried out in the whole day of a cloudy day;
s2, selecting a backpack (1 a) or an unmanned aerial vehicle (1 b) for fertilization as required during fertilization, applying fertilizer by using the backpack (1 a), carrying on the shoulder of a person through straps on the backpack (1 a), loading a storage battery in the backpack (1 a), dropping the water tank (2) on the waist of the person at the moment, enabling the hose (8) and the dead leaf back spray heads (9) to be located on the lower sides of the legs and the knees of the person, then starting the liquid pump (3), feeding part of liquid in the water tank (2) into the hose (8) through the first connecting pipe (4) by the liquid pump (3), spraying the back sides of rice leaves through the dead leaf back spray heads (9) by the fertilizer liquid fed into the hose (8), feeding the other part into the pesticide spraying pipe (5) through the second connecting pipe (10), and spraying the front sides of the leaves through the pesticide spraying heads by the fertilizer liquid fed into the pesticide spraying pipe (5);
s3, when the stagnation blade back spray head (9) is used for fertilizing, the fan (95) is switched on, the fan (95) sucks air from the air inlet (98) when rotating, exhausts air from the air outlet (97) so as to spray air to the bottom surface of the planted rice, and stagnates under the reaction force of the air, the conductive layer of the inner wall of the inner layer (82) of the hose is switched on, at the moment, the conductive layer of the inner wall of the inner layer (82) of the hose is a positive electrode, the conductive layer of the inner wall of the outer layer (81) of the hose is a negative electrode in a grounding way, an electric field is formed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and electrorheological fluid is converted into a sticky plastic body from Newtonian fluid under the power-on state, so that the effect of resisting interference of the rice can be achieved, the hose (8) is prevented from being sprayed to the rice to cause the random swinging, and the angles of the stagnation blade back spray head (9) for exhausting and fertilizing are unstable;
s4, when the unmanned aerial vehicle (1 b) is used for fertilizing, the duration of the unmanned aerial vehicle is increased by arranging the wind power trigger joint (99), when the unmanned aerial vehicle (1 b) is used for fertilizing at dense rice, because the space shielded by the rice around the air inlet hole (98) is more, the air entering the air inlet hole (98) is reduced, and a larger local negative pressure is generated at the position, at the moment, the sliding block (994) can overcome the pulling force of the spring (992) under the action of the external atmospheric pressure and is attached to the second fixed block (997), and at the moment, the first contact (995) and the second contact (996) are electrically connected; when unmanned aerial vehicle (1 b) fertilizes in sparse rice department, because the space that receives the rice to shelter from around inlet port (98) is more much, therefore the air current is unobstructed here, is not enough to make slider (994) overcome the tension motion that removes of spring (992).
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