CN115397826A - 取代的{1,2,4,}三唑并{1,5-a}嘧啶化合物及其使微管稳定的应用 - Google Patents
取代的{1,2,4,}三唑并{1,5-a}嘧啶化合物及其使微管稳定的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115397826A CN115397826A CN202180028565.9A CN202180028565A CN115397826A CN 115397826 A CN115397826 A CN 115397826A CN 202180028565 A CN202180028565 A CN 202180028565A CN 115397826 A CN115397826 A CN 115397826A
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- C07D487/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D487/04—Ortho-condensed systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了腈基和炔基取代的{1,2,4,}三唑并{1,5‑A}嘧啶化合物、包含该化合物的组合物以及通过该化合物的给药治疗神经退行性疾病或癌症的方法。
Description
政府权利
本发明是在国家卫生研究院授予的AG044332和AG061173的政府支持下完成的。政府对这项发明拥有一定的权利。
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2020年4月14日提交的美国临时申请第63/009,727号的优先权,通过参考将其全部内容并入本文中。
技术领域
本发明涉及治疗癌症或神经退行性tau蛋白病如阿尔茨海默病与额颞叶变性的化合物和方法。
背景技术
神经退行性tau蛋白病,包括阿尔茨海默病(AD),其特征在于微管(MT)相关蛋白tau的错误折叠和聚集。通常,tau与MT结合并使MT稳定,从而在神经元中维持轴突运输所必需的MT的网络。在AD中,tau隔离成聚集体,称为神经原纤维缠结(NFT)和神经纤维丝,导致了MT结合减少。这种tau功能的丧失和/或寡聚或纤维状tau物种的形成被认为会导致MT不稳定化和随之而来的轴突运输缺陷,这可能导致神经元功能障碍和死亡。
MT功能可能受损的其他神经退行性疾病包括额颞叶变性、多发性硬化症、帕金森病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症、精神分裂症、亨廷顿病、多发性硬化症和创伤性脑损伤(TBI),尤其是重复性TBI(rTBI),如由于拳击手痴呆症和复发性足球脑震荡以及军事闭合性头部损伤引起的重复性TBI,其也称为慢性创伤性脑病(CTE)。
为了治疗至少在部分上由MT相关蛋白tau的错误折叠和聚集引起的神经退行性疾病,需要能穿过血脑屏障并能有效稳定MT的化合物。
自此,最初作为抗真菌剂报道的微管(MT)活性的[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶类和相关杂环分子作为用于多种应用的潜在候选者已吸引了广泛的关注,这些应用包括癌症的化疗和神经退行性疾病的治疗。西维布林(化合物1)是一种有效的抗癌化合物。这种化合物像长春新碱一样能与微管蛋白异二聚体相互作用并干扰三磷酸鸟苷(GTP)的交换速率,进而与长春新碱竞争与MT的结合,但不与紫杉醇或秋水仙碱竞争。参见,Zhang,“Synthesisand SAR of[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines,a class of anticancer agents witha unique mechanism of tubulin inhibition”,J.Med.Chem.,2007,50:319-27。
与长春新碱/长春花碱的活性相反,三唑并嘧啶化合物2只与MT结合,不与未聚合的微管蛋白异二聚体结合。参见Sáez-Calvo,“Triazolopyrimidines Are Microtubule-Stabilizing Agents that Bind the Vinca Inhibitor Site of Tubulin,”CellChemical Biology,2017,24,737-750e6。
三唑并嘧啶结构修饰可促进MT的稳定化或破坏MT的完整性。这些差异可能对三唑并嘧啶的治疗应用产生重要而未知的影响,包括表现出不同的结合模式。
仍然需要适当取代的三唑并嘧啶化合物来治疗神经退行性疾病。
发明内容
提供了根据式I所示的取代的{1,2,4,}三唑并{1,5-A}嘧啶化合物:
其中
R1为Cl;
R2为CH(CH3)CF3、CH(异丙基)CF3、CH(异丙基)CH3、CH(叔丁基)CH3或CH(甲基二氮杂环丙烯基)CH3,其中R2可以任选地被单氘化或多氘化;
R3为H或烷基;或R2和R3以及与它们连接的N原子一起形成C5-C7杂环或3-甲氧基-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-8-基;
R4为H或F;
R5为H或F;
R6为碘基、氰基、乙炔基或-C≡C-(CH2)n-R7,其中n=0-3,R7为H、-OH、-NH2、-NHCH3或-N(CH3)2,其中R6可以任选地被单氘化或多氘化;
R8为H或烷基;
或其立体化学异构体;
或其药学上可接受的盐。
还公开了治疗神经退行性疾病或癌症的组合物,所述组合物包含治疗有效量的根据式I所示的化合物,以及还公开了治疗有需要的受试者中的神经退行性疾病或癌症的方法,包括对受试者施用治疗有效量的根据式I所示的化合物。
具体实施方式
微管(MT)活性的[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶(TPD)和相关杂环分子作为应用于神经退行性疾病的治疗的潜在候选者受到关注。本发明人先前已经表征了许多MT稳定化TPD和MT去稳定化TPD。例如,美国专利第9,649,317号公开了使用此类化合物的方法。本公开提供了含有指定C6-苯基取代的新的TPD。在MT稳定化的基于细胞的分析中对TPD的MT稳定特性的先前研究表明,不同的取代模式会导致分子要么促进MT稳定化,要么相反地破坏MT稳定化。基于TPD中的特定结构特征对引发MT稳定性的增加是至关重要的这一观察,发明人对TPD支架的SAR进行了更系统的探索。SAR工作会导致合成新的C6腈基和炔基取代的TPD,如本文所述。重要的是,当前公开的分子相对于先前描述的示例具有改进的MT稳定活性和药学特性。
因此,现已发现,某些类别的微管稳定化合物将用于治疗神经退行性疾病,特别是tau蛋白病,例如,阿尔茨海默病、额颞叶变性、皮克氏病、进行性核上性麻痹(PSP)和皮质基底节变性。此外,本发明的化合物还可以用于其中tau病理是共病或者其中微管功能受损的其他疾病,例如精神分裂症、帕金森病(PD)、PD伴痴呆、路易体病伴痴呆和肌萎缩侧索硬化。
本发明的化合物还可以用于治疗创伤性脑损伤(TBI),尤其是重复性TBI(rTBI),如由于拳击手痴呆和复发性足球脑震荡以及军事闭合性头部损伤(例如,由IED引起的损伤)引起的重复性TBI,其也被称为慢性创伤性脑病(CTE),具有tau蛋白病或AD样病理特征。据推测,PTSD也可能导致CTE。
在本公开中,单数形式“一个(a)”、“一个(an)”和“所述(the)”包括复数引用,对特定数值的引用至少包括该特定值,除非上下文有明确规定。因此,例如,对“一种材料”的引用是指本领技术人员已知的此类材料及其等效物中的至少一种,等等。
当使用叙词“约”将值表示为近似值时,将理解的是,该特定值形成另一个实施方案。一般而言,使用术语“约”表示近似值,其能够根据通过公开的主题所谋求的期望特性而发生变化并且在使用其的具体的上下文中基于其功能进行解释。本领域技术人员将能够将其作为常规问题来解释。在某些情况下,用于特定值的有效数字的数量可以是确定用词“约”的范围的一种非限制性方法。在其他情况下,在一系列值中使用的梯度可以用于确定每个值的术语“约”一词可用的预期范围。如果存在,所有的范围都是包含性的和可组合的。也就是说,对范围中所述的值的引用包括该范围内的每个值。
除非另有说明,否则当呈现列表时,应理解的是,该列表的每个单独要素以及该列表的每种组合都应被解释为单独的实施方案。例如,呈现为“A、B或C”的实施方案的列表应解释为包括实施方案“A”、“B”、“C”、“A或B”、“A或C”、“B或C、”或“A、B或C”。
如本文所用,“烷基”是指一种具有约1至约20个碳原子(和其中的碳原子的范围和具体数量的所有组合和子组合)的任选取代的饱和直链或支链烃基。例如,“烷基”可以是指一种具有约1至20、1至15、1至10、1至8、1至6、1至5、1至4或1至3个碳原子的取代或未取代的直链或支链烃基。在一些实施方案中,“烷基”是指一种具有约1至6个碳原子的未取代的直链基。如果合适,“烷基”可以意指“亚烷基”;例如,如果X为R1R2,且R1称为“烷基”,那么“烷基”就可以正确地解释为“亚烷基”。
“杂环基”或“杂环”是指稳定的3至18元的非芳香族环基,其包括二至十二个碳原子和一至六个选自氮、氧和硫的杂原子。在一些实施方案中,唯一的杂原子是与R2和R3连接的氮原子。无论杂原子在本文中何时出现,数值范围,如“3至18”,是指给定范围内的每个整数,例如“3至18个环原子”意指杂环基基团可以由3个环原子、4个环原子等组成,最多包括18个环原子。除非说明书中另有说明,否则杂环基是单环、双环、三环或四环体系,该体系可以包括稠合的或桥连的环体系。杂环基中的杂原子可以任选地被氧化。一个或多个氮原子,如果存在的话,任选地被季胺化。杂环基是部分饱和的或完全饱和的。杂环基可以通过环的任何原子与分子的其余部分连接。杂环基的示例包括但不限于氮杂环庚烷基、氮杂环辛烷基、二氧戊环基、噻吩基[1,3]二噻烷基、十氢异喹啉基、咪唑啉基、咪唑烷基、异噻唑烷基、异恶唑烷基、吗啉基、八氢吲哚基、八氢异吲哚基、2-氧代哌嗪基、2-氧代哌啶基、2-氧代吡咯烷基、恶唑烷基、哌啶基、哌嗪基、4-哌啶酮基、吡咯烷基、吡唑烷基、奎宁环基、噻唑烷基、四氢呋喃基、三噻烷基、四氢吡喃基、硫吗啉基、噻吗啉基、1-氧代-硫吗啉基和1,1-二氧代-硫吗啉基。“杂环基”还可以包括双环环体系,其中一个非芳香族环通常具有3至7个环原子,含有除了独立地选自氧、硫和氮的1-3个杂原子以外的至少2个碳原子,以及含有至少一个前述杂原子的组合;而另一个环,通常具有3至7个环原子,任选地含有独立地选自氧、硫和氮的1-3个杂原子,并且不是芳香族的。杂环基部分任选地被选自卤素(F、Cl、Br或I,优选F)、-OH,-OC1-6烷基、-CN、-NH2、-NH(C1-6烷基)、-NH(C1-6烷基)2、C3-8环烷基、杂环基、芳基或杂芳基中的一个、两个或三个取代基取代。
将认识到的是,为了清楚起见,本文在不同的实施方案的上下文中描述的本发明的某些特征也可以在单独的实施方案中组合提供。也就是说,除非明显不兼容或排除,否则每个个体实施方案被视为可与任何其他实施方案组合,并且这种组合被认为是另一个实施方案。相反地,为了简洁起见,在单个实施方案的上下文中描述的本发明的各种特征也可以单独地提供或以任何子组合形式提供。还应注意的是,权利要求书可能撰写为排除任何可选要素。因此,本声明旨在作为使用“否定”限制或与权利要求要素的列举结合使用“单独地”、“仅”等排除性术语的先行基础。最后,虽然一个实施方案可以被描述为一系列步骤的一部分或更概括性结构的一部分,但是每个所述步骤本身也可以被认为是一个独立的实施方案。
本化合物包括式I化合物:
其中
R1为Cl;
R2为CH(CH3)CF3、CH(异丙基)CF3、CH(异丙基)CH3、CH(叔丁基)CH3或CH(甲基二氮杂环丙烯基)CH3,其中R2可以任选地被单氘化或多氘化;
R3为H或烷基;或R2和R3以及与它们连接的N原子一起形成C5-C7杂环或3-甲氧基-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-8-基;
R4为H或F;
R5为H或F;
R6为碘基、氰基、乙炔基或-C≡C-(CH2)n-R7,其中n=0-3,R7为H、-OH、-NH2、-NHCH3或-N(CH3)2,其中R6可以任选地被单氘化或多氘化;
R8为H或烷基;
或其立体化学异构体;
或其药学上可接受的盐。
式I化合物的立体异构形式,例如对映体、非对映体和阻转异构体,以及式I的任何化合物或立体异构体的药学上可接受的盐也在本发明的范围内。如本文所用,“立体异构体”是指所有的对映体/非对映体纯的和对映体/非对映体富集的本发明化合物。阻转异构体,即绕单键旋转受阻产生的立体异构体,也在术语“立体异构体”的范围内。
如本文所用,“药学上可接受的盐”是指一种通常被认为可安全地用于制药用途的本发明化合物的盐。示例包括,例如,盐酸盐、硫酸盐、富马酸盐、琥珀酸盐、抗坏血酸盐、马来酸盐、甲磺酸盐和羟乙磺酸盐(isoethonic acid salt)。
R3为H或烷基。在某些实施方案中,R3为H。在其他实施方案中,R3为烷基,如C1-C6烷基。
在本发明化合物的某些实施方案中,R6为碘基。在其中一些实施方案中,R4和R5均为F,R3为H。在R4和R5均为F的实施方案中,R2可以为,例如,CH(CH3)CF3、CH(异丙基)CF3、CH(异丙基)CH3或CH(叔丁基)CH3。
在本发明化合物的某些实施方案中,R6为氰基。在其中一些实施方案中,R4和R5均为F。在R4和R5均为F的实施方案中,R2可以为CH(CH3)CF3、CH(异丙基)CF3、CH(异丙基)CH3或CH(叔丁基)CH3。在R4和R5均为F的其他实施方案中,R2和R3以及与它们连接的N原子可以一起形成哌啶基、氮杂环庚烷基或氮杂环辛烷基。
在R6为氰基的某些其他实施方案中,R4为H,R5为F。在其中一些实施方案中,R2可以为CH(CH3)CF3、CH(异丙基)CF3、CH(异丙基)CH3或CH(叔丁基)CH3。在其中一些实施方案中,R2和R3以及与它们连接的N原子一起形成哌啶基、氮杂环庚烷基或氮杂环辛烷基。
在其他实施方案中,R6为乙炔基。在其中一些实施方案中,R4和R5可以均为F。关于这些实施方案中的某些实施方案,R2可以为CH(CH3)CF3、CH(异丙基)CF3、CH(异丙基)CH3或CH(叔丁基)CH3。在其中某些其他实施方案中,R2和R3以及与它们连接的N原子一起形成哌啶基、氮杂环庚烷基或氮杂环辛烷基。
在R6为乙炔基的某些其他实施方案中,R4为H,R5为F。在其中一些实施方案中,R2为CH(CH3)CF3、CH(异丙基)CF3、CH(异丙基)CH3或CH(叔丁基)CH3。在其中某些实施方案中,R2和R3以及与它们连接的N原子一起形成哌啶基、氮杂环庚烷基或氮杂环辛烷基。
在一些实施方案中,R6为-C≡C-(CH2)n-R7。在其中某些实施方案中,n为1-3。在其中一些实施方案中,R4和R5均为F。
表1中描述了根据本公开所述的示例性化合物,如下:
表1
还提供了治疗神经退行性疾病或癌症的组合物,其包含治疗有效量的根据上述任一实施方案所述的化合物。还公开了治疗有需要的受试者中的神经退行性疾病或癌症的方法,包括向受试者给药治疗有效量的根据上述任一实施方案所述的化合物。
如本文所用,短语“治疗有效量”是指能在组织、系统、动物、个体或人体内引发研究员、兽医、医生或其他临床医生所寻求的生物或药物反应的活性化合物的量,所述生物或药物反应包括以下中的一种或多种:
(1)至少部分地预防疾病或病症或其症状;例如,在可能易患有疾病、病症或障碍但还未经历或显示出疾病的病理或症候的个体中预防所述疾病、病症或障碍;
(2)抑制疾病或病症;例如,在正在经历或显示出疾病、病症或障碍的病理或症候的个体中抑制所述疾病、病症或障碍(即,包括阻止所述病理和/或症候的进一步发展);和
(3)至少部分地改善疾病或病症,例如,在正在经历或显示疾病、病症或障碍的病理或症候的个体中改善所述疾病、病症或障碍(即,包括逆转所述病理和/或症候)。
根据本公开的化合物可以以经配制用于任何类型的给药的组合物的形式提供。例如,组合物可以经配制用于口服给药、局部给药、肠胃外给药、肠内给药或者通过吸入来给药。活性化合物可以经配制用于净给药,或者与可以为液体或固体的常规药物载体、稀释剂或赋形剂组合。可适用的固体载体、稀释剂或赋形剂,除其他方面以外,可以充当粘合剂、崩解剂、填料、润滑剂、助流剂、压缩助剂、加工助剂、着色剂、甜味剂、防腐剂、悬浮/分散剂、片剂崩解剂、包封材料、成膜剂或包衣、矫味剂或印刷油墨。用于制备任何单位剂型的任何材料优选是药学上纯的,并且在所使用的量基本无毒。此外,可以将活性化合物并入缓释配制品和配剂中。在这方面的给药包括尤其是通过以下途径进行的给药:静脉内、肌内、皮下、眼内、滑膜内、经上皮(包括透皮、经眼、舌下和含服)、局部给药(包括通过吹入、气雾剂和直肠系统的经眼、经皮、经直肠和经鼻给药)。
在粉剂中,载体、稀释剂或赋形剂可以是与细碎的活性成分混合的细碎固体。在片剂中,活性成分与具有必要压缩性质的载体、稀释剂或赋形剂以合适的比例混合,并以所需的形状和尺寸压实。对于口服治疗性给药,活性化合物可以与载体、稀释剂或赋形剂合并,并以可摄取的片剂、含片、锭剂、胶囊剂、酏剂、悬浮剂、糖浆剂、糯米纸囊剂等形式使用。此类治疗有用的组合物中的活性化合物的量优选使得能够获得合适的剂量。
液体载体、稀释剂或赋形剂可用于制备溶液剂、悬浮剂、乳剂、糖浆剂、酏剂等。本发明的活性成分可以溶解或悬浮于药学上可接受的液体中,如水、有机溶剂、二者的混合物,或者药学上可接受的油脂或脂肪。液体载体、赋形剂或稀释剂可以含有其他合适的药物添加剂,如增溶剂、乳化剂、缓冲剂、防腐剂、甜味剂、矫味剂、悬浮剂、增稠剂、着色剂、粘度调节剂、稳定剂或渗透压调节剂。
合适的固体载体、稀释剂和赋形剂可以包括例如磷酸钙、二氧化硅、硬脂酸镁、滑石、糖、乳糖、糊精、淀粉、明胶、纤维素、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、微晶纤维素、聚乙烯吡咯烷、低熔点蜡、离子交换树脂、交联羧甲基纤维素碳、阿拉伯胶、预胶凝淀粉、交联聚维酮、羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)、聚维酮、二氧化钛、多晶纤维素、羟基氧化铝(Aluminum methahydroxide)、琼脂、黄蓍胶或其混合物。
例如,对于口服、局部或肠胃外给药,液体载体、稀释剂和赋形剂的合适示例包括水(特别含有上文所述的添加剂,例如纤维素衍生物,优选羧甲基纤维素钠溶液)、醇(包括一元醇和多元醇,例如二醇)和它们的衍生物、以及油(例如分馏椰子油和花生油)、或其混合物。
对于肠胃外给药,载体、稀释剂或赋形剂还可以是油性酯,如油酸乙酯和肉豆蔻酸异丙酯。还预期的是无菌液体载体、稀释剂或赋形剂,其用于肠胃外给药的无菌液体形式组合物中。可以在适当地与表面活性剂(如羟丙基纤维素)混合的水中制备游离碱或药学上可接受的盐形式的活性化合物的溶液剂。还可以在甘油、液态聚乙二醇及其混合物中、以及在油中制备分散体。在一般的储存和使用条件下,这些配制品可以含有防腐剂以防止微生物生长。
适于注射用途的药物形式包括例如无菌水溶液或分散体,和用于临时制备无菌可注射溶液剂或分散体的无菌粉剂。在所有情况下,所述形式优选是无菌的和流质的,以提供易注射性。其优选在制造和储存条件下稳定,并且优选防止微生物如细菌和真菌的污染作用。载体、稀释剂或赋形剂可以是溶剂或分散介质,其含有例如水、乙醇、多元醇(例如甘油、丙二醇、液体聚乙二醇等)、其合适的混合物以及植物油。例如通过使用包衣如卵磷脂、在分散体的情况下通过保持所需要的粒度、和通过使用表面活性剂来保持适当的流动性。可通过各种抗菌剂和抗真菌剂,例如对羟基苯甲酸酯、氯丁醇、苯酚、山梨酸、硫柳汞等,来防止微生物的作用。在许多情况下,优选其包括等渗剂,例如糖或氯化钠。可通过使用延迟吸收的试剂(例如单硬脂酸铝和明胶)来延长可注射组合物的吸收。
可以通过根据需要将药学上适当量的活性化合物与上文列举的各种其他成分一起并入到适当的溶剂中并随后进行灭菌过滤来制备无菌可注射溶液剂。一般地,可以通过将灭菌的活性成分并入无菌媒介物(含有基础分散介质和来自上文列举的那些的所需的其他成分)中来制备分散体。在用于制备无菌可注射溶液剂的无菌粉剂的情况下,优选的制备方法可以包括真空干燥和冷冻干燥技术,这两种技术可产生一种或多种活性成分加上来自其先前无菌过滤的溶液的任何另外的所需成分的粉末。
因此,活性化合物可以通过医药领域中既定的任何常规技术以有效量存在于本组合物和方法中。例如,给药量可以为约0.1mg/天至约500mg/天。在一些实施方案中,给药量可以为约250mg/kg/天。因此,给药量可以为约0.1mg/天、约0.5mg/天、约1.0mg/天、约5mg/天、约10mg/天、约2mg/天、约50mg/天、约100mg/天、约200mg/天、约250mg/天、约300mg/天或约500mg/天。
根据本公开的治疗受试者中的神经退行性疾病的方法,所述神经退行性疾病的特征在于受试者脑中的tau蛋白病或微管功能受损。在某些实施方案中,神经退行性疾病可以是阿尔茨海默病、额颞叶变性、皮克氏病、进行性核上性麻痹(PSP)、皮质基底节变性、帕金森病(PD)、PD伴痴呆、路易体病伴痴呆或肌萎缩侧索硬化。在其他实施方案中,神经退行性疾病是创伤性脑损伤或创伤后应激障碍。创伤性脑损伤可以是例如重复性创伤性脑损伤或慢性创伤性脑病。在其他实施方案中,神经退行性疾病是精神分裂症。
根据本公开的治疗受试者中的癌症的方法,所述癌症可以是癌、肉瘤、黑色素瘤、淋巴瘤或白血病。常见的癌包括例如源于皮肤、肺、乳房、胰腺和其他器官和腺体的癌症。肉瘤以发生在骨骼、肌肉、脂肪、血管、软骨或身体的其他软组织或结缔组织中的癌症为代表。可以根据本方法治疗的示例性癌症包括脑癌(如神经胶质瘤和星形细胞瘤)、膀胱癌、乳腺癌、结肠癌或直肠癌、子宫内膜癌、肾癌、白血病、肝肺癌、黑色素瘤、非霍奇金淋巴瘤、胰腺癌、前列腺癌或甲状腺癌。
在下文中,本公开将通过旨在对本公开进行说明的实施例来更详细地描述,但本公开不限于所述实施例。
实施例1-合成程序
作为这些研究中的一部分,一共合成并测试了73种化合物,包括七种先前描述的三唑并嘧啶;专利文献中列举的25种化合物;和41种结构新颖的同源物。在所有的情况下,通过在适当的丙二酸二乙酯(79-95,方案1)和1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-胺之间进行环缩合反应来获得三唑并嘧啶环。然后,用三氯氧磷进行处理,得到相应的5,7-二氯三唑并嘧啶(96-112,方案1)。用(S)-1,1,1-三氟丙烷-2-胺在C7处进行化学选择性胺化,得到三唑并嘧啶6-22(方案1)。
方案1试剂和反应条件:a)对于79-88、90-94:Ar-X、CuBr、NaH、1,4-二氧六环,60-100℃,12h,19-74%;对于89:Ar-CH2Br、NaH、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,0℃,1h,90%;对于95:Ar-F、K2CO3、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,60℃,4h,86%;b)N-三丁胺,170-180℃,2-6h;c)三氯氧磷,110-130℃,6-16h,经过两步46-58%;d)适当的胺,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,室温至90℃,1-18h,12-50%;e)Fe、NH4Cl、H2O/MeOH(40/50),80℃,2h,69%。
通过将适当的二氯三唑并嘧啶(即,98、99、109或110)与胺部分反应(方案5)合成化合物61-78,该化合物61-78相对于对照化合物6在C6和C7的两个部分处进行了修饰。在选定的情况(即,67和68)下,经硅胶柱层析纯化,得到各阻转异构体,其结构可通过X射线晶体照相术确定(方案5):
方案5试剂和反应条件:a)适当的胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,室温,1h,56-86%。
实施例2-材料与方法
所有溶剂均为试剂级。所有试剂均购自Aldrich或Acros,并直接使用。用0.25mm的E.Merck预涂硅胶板进行薄层色谱层析(TLC)。用由Silicycle and Sorbent Technologies提供的硅胶60(粒径为0.040-0.062mm)进行硅胶柱层析。通过在紫外光下观察检测TLC斑点。在Mel-Temp II(模型:1001)上获取熔点(mp)且未经校正。在Bruker Alpha型光谱仪(零件号1003271/03)上记录红外(IR)光谱。在500MHz Bruker AMX-500光谱仪或600MHzBrukerAvance III光谱仪上记录质子(1H)和碳(13C)核磁共振(NMR)光谱。报告了相对于溶剂的化学位移。使用带有射流电喷雾电离源(ESI)的安捷伦(Agilent)6230飞行时间质谱仪(TOFMS)进行高分辨质谱测定。利用带有APEX II探测器、双反弹微聚焦光学器件和Cu旋转阳极源的Bruker MicroStar进行单晶X射线结构测定。使用配备了UV和质量检测器的Gilson HPLC进行分析型反相(Sunfire C18;4.6mm×50mm,5mL)高效液相色谱(HPLC)。所有样本使用CH3CN在水中的10%至90%的线性梯度(8分钟时间内)和1mL/min的流速进行分析,除非另有说明,否则纯度水平为>95%。在采用Waters SunFire制备型C18 OBD柱(5μm19mm×50mm或19mm×100mm)的Gilson仪器上进行制备型反相HPLC纯化。采用CH3CN在水中的10%至90%的线性梯度和20mL/min的流速纯化15分钟。除非另有说明,否则所有最终化合物经HPLC/MS和NMR测定的纯度均大于95%。
一般程序A(丙二酸二乙酯衍生物的合成)
在60℃和N2下将丙二酸二乙酯(3.00当量)缓慢加入到NaH(矿物油中60%)(1.00当量)在无水1,4-二氧六环(之前用N2脱气)中的悬浮液(以芳基溴衍生物1.75mol/L计)中并搅拌10分钟。然后,加入CuBr(1.2当量)和芳基溴衍生物,反应在回流下加热过夜。然后,在室温下,用12N HCl(1.40当量)淬灭反应。混合物过滤并用H2O洗涤。滤液用EtOAc(x3)萃取。合并的有机萃取物用盐水洗涤,然后在MgSO4上干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。粗产物经硅胶柱色谱或制备型反相高效液相色谱(HPLC)纯化,得到纯的丙二酸二乙酯衍生物。
一般程序B(二氯三唑并嘧啶衍生物的合成)
将密封管中的丙二酸二乙酯衍生物(1.00当量)、3-氨基-1,2,4-三唑(1.05当量)和三丁胺(1.05当量)的混合物在170℃搅拌2h。在130℃冷却后,加入甲苯(以丙二酸二乙酯衍生物1.00mol/L计)。然后,在50℃冷却反应,加入NaOH水溶液(50%wt)(160μL/mmol丙二酸二乙酯衍生物)。之后,混合物在0℃搅拌10分钟并过滤。形成的固体用冷甲苯洗涤并干燥。将该二钠衍生物(1.00当量)和POCl3(17.80当量)于密封管中混合并在130℃下加热6h。然后,反应用H2O淬灭并用EtOAc(×2)萃取。合并的有机萃取物用水(×5)、盐水洗涤,在MgSO4上干燥,过滤并真空浓缩。将所得的产物直接用于下一个反应,无需进一步纯化。
一般程序C(胺的添加)
根据报道的程序(Zhang等人,J.Med.Chem.,2007,50,319-327),室温下,将i-Pr2NEt(3.0当量)或Et3N(3.0当量)(如有必要)和适当的胺(1.5至3.0当量)加入到含5,7-二氯-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶(1.0当量)的DMF(0.1M)中。将反应混合物搅拌0.5-16h并用H2O稀释。有机层用1N的盐酸溶液(2x)洗涤,水相用EtOAc(3x)萃取,合并的有机层用盐水(2x)洗涤,干燥(MgSO4),过滤并浓缩。产物经闪式色谱或反相HPLC纯化。
一般程序D(侧链的添加)
根据报道的程序(Zhang等人,J.Med.Chem.,2007,50,319-327;Zhang等人,Bioorg.Med.Chem.2009,17,111-8),将氨基醇(4.0当量)加入到NaH(4.0当量)在DMSO和THF的2:1混合物中的悬浮液(0.35M)中,将混合物加热至60℃,持续1小时。所得的溶液用三氟芳烃(1.0当量)在DMSO和THF的2:1混合物中的溶液(0.5M)处理。反应混合物在60℃搅拌3h并通过LCMS进行监测。如果在3h后仍然还存在起始材料,则依次加入另外的氨基醇(4.0当量)和NaH(4.0当量),将反应混合物加热16h。在起始材料完全消耗后,将反应混合物冷却至室温并用H2O和EtOAc稀释。有机层用H2O和盐水洗涤,合并的水层用EtOAc(x3)萃取。将合并的有机层干燥(MgSO4),过滤并浓缩。产物经反相HPLC纯化。
(S)-4-(5-氯-7-((1,1,1-三氟丙烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯甲腈
按照一般程序C,采用4-(5,7-二氯-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯甲腈(30mg,0.094mmol)和(S)-1,1,1-三氟丙烷-2-胺(22mg,0.190mmol)。经硅胶柱层析(己烷中0-40% EtOAc)纯化,得到标题化合物(20mg,0.050mmol,54%),为白色粉末。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.41(s,1H),7.44(t,J=7.1Hz,2H),6.00(d,J=10.7Hz,1H),4.77(s,1H),1.45(d,J=6.9Hz,3H)ppm。
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ161.28(dd,J=256.4,5.9Hz),160.87(dd,J=254.7,6.0Hz),156.84,155.68,154.32,124.46(q,J=282.1Hz),116.58(t,J=11.8Hz),116.47(ddd,J=67.6,25.4,4.1Hz),115.79(d,J=3.5Hz),114.93(t,J=20.0Hz),90.61,51.27(q,J=32.2Hz),29.83,15.14ppm。
IR:2923,2239,1617,1556,1141cm-1。
HRMS(ES+):C15H9N6ClF5[M+H]+计算值,403.0492;实测值,403.0486。
(S)-4-(5-氯-7-((1,1,1-三氟丙烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3-氟苯甲腈
按照一般程序C,采用4-(5,7-二氯-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3-氟苯甲腈(40mg,0.13mmol)和(S)-1,1,1-三氟丙烷-2-胺(31mg,0.27mmol)。经反相HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物(31mg,0.070mmol,54%),为白色粉末。
阻转异构体的混合物
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.41(s,1H),7.68(ddd,J=7.8,3.8,1.5Hz,1H),7.61(ddd,J=8.4,3.8,1.5Hz,1H),7.57(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.50(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),5.94(d,J=11.0Hz,1H),5.57(d,J=10.8Hz,1H),4.97(s,1H),4.50(s,1H),1.40(d,J=6.9Hz,3H)ppm。
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ161.29(d,J=52.0Hz),159.61(d,J=50.4Hz),156.65(d,J=24.9Hz),155.72(d,J=11.0Hz),154.20(d,J=57.5Hz),145.65(d,J=62.8Hz),135.00(d,J=2.0Hz),133.84(d,J=2.2Hz),129.21(d,J=4.2Hz),124.97(dd,J=16.2,13.1Hz),124.67(qd,J=282.3,34.7Hz),120.62(dd,J=74.3,25.2Hz),116.67(d,J=2.8Hz),116.33(dd,J=9.3,5.2Hz),97.66,96.61,51.26(dq,J=37.9,31.8Hz),15.13,14.99ppm。
HRMS(ES+):C15H10ClF4N6[M+H]+计算值,385.0586;实测值,385.0589。
(R)-4-(5-氯-7-((1,1,1-三氟-3-甲基丁烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯甲腈
按照一般程序C,采用4-(5,7-二氯-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯甲腈(55mg,0.17mmol)和(R)-1,1,1-三氟-3-甲基-2-丁胺(48mg,0.34mmol)。经反相HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物(26mg,0.060mmol,36%),为白色粉末。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,阻转异构体的混合物)δ8.81(s,0.5H),8.69(s,0.5H),7.46(t,J=9Hz,2H),7.33(d,J=12Hz,1H),6.28(bs,1H),4.00(bs,1H),2.19(hept,J=6Hz,1H),1.04(d,J=6Hz,1H),0.97(d,J=6Hz,1H)ppm。
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3,阻转异构体的混合物)δ162.05,162.01,161.79,161.74,161.54,161.49,160.35,160.30,160.10,160.07,159.86,159.814,158.37,157.23,157.16,155.65,154.61,152.15,146.27,144.77,139.79,133.47,124.33(q,J=283.88Hz),117.41,116.85,116.82,116.78,116.70,116.68,116.65,116.40,116.17,116.00,115.84,115.30,115.04,114.91,113.00,109.71,106.86,59.28(q,J=28.69Hz),28.28,19.80,16.60ppm。
HRMS(ES+):C18H17ClFN6[M+H]+计算值,429.0659;实测值,429.0655。
(R)-4-(5-氯-7-((1,1,1-三氟-3-甲基丁烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3-氟苯甲腈
按照一般程序C,采用4-(5,7-二氯-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3-氟苯甲腈(51mg,0.17mmol)和(R)-1,1,1-三氟-3-甲基-2-丁胺(47mg,0.34mmol)。经反相HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物(13mg,0.060mmol,19%),为白色粉末。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,阻转异构体的混合物)δ8.42(s,0.5H),7.69(d,J=7.9Hz,0.5H),7.63(d,J=8.2Hz,0.5H),7.60(d,J=8.2Hz,0.5H),7.55(t,J=7.5Hz,0.5H),7.48(t,J=7.3Hz,0.5H),4.86(d,J=10.2Hz,0.5H),4.40(d,J=4.1Hz,0.5H),2.14(hept,J=6.9Hz,1H),1.02(d,J=6.1Hz,3H),0.97(d,J=6.7Hz,3H)。
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3,阻转异构体的混合物)δ160.44(dd,J=253.68,28.69Hz),158.91,155.66,155.60,134.88,134.50,129.18,129.02,126.68,124.86,120.97,120.81,120.39,120.21,116.74(t,J=3.0Hz),116.42(t,J=13.4Hz)116.36(t,J=13.4Hz)59.08(q,J=28.7Hz),55.89(q,J=28.7Hz),28.33,28.19,27.75,19.92,19.80,17.11,16.74,16.69ppm。
HRMS(ES+):C18H17ClFN6[M+H]+计算值,411.0754;实测值,411.0747。
(R)-4-(5-氯-7-((3-甲基丁烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯甲腈
按照一般程序C,采用4-(5,7-二氯-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯甲腈(30mg,0.092mmol)和(R)-3-甲基丁烷-2-胺(17mg,0.190mmol)。经反相HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物(28mg,0.074mmol,81%),为白色粉末。
1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.62(s,1H),8.11(t,J=7.8Hz,2H),7.88(s,1H),1.78(dq,J=13.9,6.8Hz,1H),1.10(d,J=6.6Hz,3H),0.74(dd,J=6.8,2.9Hz,6H)。
13C NMR(151MHz,DMSO-d6)δ160.71(dd,J=249.2,6.8Hz),160.38(dd,J=249.5,6.3Hz),155.02,146.81,117.00(ddd,J=26.3,12.6,3.9Hz),116.48(d,J=3.5Hz),114.83(t,J=12.8Hz)。
IR:2966,2220,1690,1562,1422,1204cm-1。
HRMS(ES+):C17H16ClF2N6[M+H]+计算值,377.1088;实测值,377.1089。
(R)-4-(5-氯-7-((3-甲基丁烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3-氟苯甲腈
按照一般程序C,采用4-(5,7-二氯-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3-氟苯甲腈(48mg,0.15mmol)和(R)-3-甲基丁烷-2-胺(37mg,0.42mmol)。混合物在真空下干燥并经硅胶柱层析纯化,得到为白色固体的阻转异构体A(29mg,0.081mmol,39%)和阻转异构体B(23mg,0.064mmol,30%)。
阻转异构体A
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.35(s,1H),7.63(dd,J=12.0,3.0Hz,1H),7.56(dd,J=12.0,3.0Hz,1H),7.53(t,J=9.0Hz,1H),6.29(d,J=12.0Hz,1H),3.00(bs,1H),1.64(oct,J=6.0Hz,1H),0.99(d,J=6Hz,3H),0.80(d,J=6Hz,3H),0.77(d,J=6Hz,3H)ppm。
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ161.37,159.70,156.91,155.15,153.15,145.67,134.39,128.71,128.69,127.13(d,J=16.6Hz),120.02(d,J=25.7Hz),116.98,115.50(d,J=9.1Hz),94.53,55.04,33.48,18.16,17.80,17.14ppm。
阻转异构体B
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.35(s,1H),7.63(dd,J=12.0,3.0Hz,1H),7.56(dd,J=12.0,3.0Hz,1H),7.52(t,J=9.0Hz,1H),6.30(bs,1H),3.05(bs,1H),1.61(oct,J=6.0Hz,1H),1.05(d,J=6Hz,3H),0.79(d,J=6Hz,3H),0.75(d,J=6Hz,3H)ppm。
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ161.40,159.73,156.90,155.19,153,57,145.67,135.08,134.40(d,J=3.0Hz),128.55(d,J=4.5Hz),127.03(d,J=15.1Hz),120.22(d,J=25.7Hz),117.01,115.45(d,J=9.1Hz),94.37,54.85,33.80,18.20,17.90,17.82ppm。
IR:2963,2220,1608,1570,1260,1156cm-1
HRMS(ES+):C18H17ClFN6[M+H]+计算值,359.1182;实测值,359.1184。
(R)-4-(5-氯-7-((3,3-二甲基丁烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯甲腈
按照一般程序C,采用4-(5,7-二氯-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯甲腈(20mg,0.060mmol)和(R)-3,3-二甲基丁烷-2-胺(13mg,0.13mmol)。经反相HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物(18mg,0.046mmol,75%),为白色粉末。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.36(s,1H),7.45–7.41(m,2H),6.52(d,J=10.8Hz,1H),2.94(s,1H),1.02(d,J=6.7Hz,3H),0.84(s,9H)ppm。
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ161.33(dd,J=253.8,6.2Hz),161.05(dd,J=253.8,6.2Hz),157.12,155.22,146.03,116.22(d,J=4.0Hz),116.13–115.95(m),115.95–115.82(m),58.57,34.93,25.86,16.56ppm。
HRMS(ES+):C18H18ClF2N6[M+H]+计算值,391.1244;实测值,391.1241。
(R)-4-(5-氯-7-((3,3-二甲基丁烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3-氟苯甲腈
按照一般程序C,采用4-(5,7-二氯-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3-氟苯甲腈(40mg,0.13mmol)和(R)-3,3-二甲基丁烷-2-胺(28mg,0.27mmol)。经反相HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物(27mg,0.072mmol,56%),为白色粉末。
阻转异构体的混合物
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.41–8.34(m,1H),7.67–7.61(m,1H),7.60–7.55(m,1H),7.55–7.49(m,1H),6.37(s,1H),2.94(m,1H),1.01(d,J=6.7Hz,1H),0.94(d,J=6.7Hz,2H),0.82(s,5H),0.81(s,4H)ppm。
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ161.71–159.28(m),156.76,156.67,145.96,135.28(d,J=2.4Hz),133.96(d,J=2.3Hz),128.65(d,J=4.1Hz),128.43(d,J=4.1Hz),119.96(dd,J=37.6,25.4Hz),116.86(d,J=2.8Hz),115.42(dd,J=16.7,9.3Hz),94.27,94.14,58.27,58.07,35.01,34.82,25.77(d,J=1.9Hz),16.42(d,J=2.2Hz)ppm。
HRMS(ES+):C18H19ClFN6[M+H]+计算值,373.1338;实测值,373.1338。
4-(5-氯-7-(哌啶-1-基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯甲腈
按照一般程序C,采用4-(5,7-二氯-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯甲腈(48mg,0.15mmol)和哌啶(25mg,0.30mmol)。经反相HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物(5mg,0.010mmol,9%),为白色粉。
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ160.71(dd,J=253.7,9Hz),157.05,155.60,155.44,150.84,118.10(t,J=15.1Hz),116.22(d,J=6Hz),116.04,115.06(t,J=12.1Hz),96.75,51.34,25.92,23.57ppm。
HRMS(ES+):C18H17ClFN6[M+H]+计算值,375.0931;实测值,375.0931。
4-(7-(氮杂环庚烷-1-基)-5-氯-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯甲腈(51)
按照一般程序C,采用4-(5,7-二氯-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯甲腈(20mg,0.060mmol)和氮杂环庚烷(13mg,0.13mmol)。经反相HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物(15mg,0.039mmol,63%),为白色粉末。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.38(s,1H),7.40(d,J=6.0Hz,2H),3.45–3.39(m,4H),1.78–1.70(m,4H),1.64–1.60(m,4H)ppm。
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ160.74(dd,J=253.4,6.6Hz),157.14,155.26,152.10,118.61(t,J=19.7Hz),116.30–115.97(m),115.12(t,J=11.9Hz),97.32,53.99,51.22,28.27,28.17,27.28,27.07ppm。
IR:2928,2857,2238,1589,1515,1422cm-1。
HRMS(ES+):C18H16ClF2N6[M+H]+计算值,389.1088;实测值,389.1085。
4-(7-(氮杂环庚烷-1-基)-5-氯-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3-氟苯甲腈(55)
按照一般程序C,采用4-(5,7-二氯-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3-氟苯甲腈(40mg,0.13mmol)和氮杂环庚烷(27mg,0.27mmol)。经反相HPLC纯化,得到标题化合物(27mg,0.073mmol,56%),为白色粉末。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.34(s,1H),7.61(dd,J=7.9,1.6Hz,1H),7.53(dd,J=8.7,1.6Hz,1H),7.48(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),3.38–3.33(m,4H),1.71(dq,J=8.0,4.2Hz,4H),1.60(p,J=3.0Hz,4H)ppm。
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ160.85,159.18,156.93,155.27,155.18,151.61,134.44(d,J=2.8Hz),128.60(d,J=3.9Hz),128.48,120.11,119.94,117.09(d,J=2.8Hz),114.68(d,J=9.2Hz),103.59,54.05,28.27,28.03ppm。
IR:2926,2235,1589,1519,1446cm-1。
HRMS(ES+):C18H17ClFN6[M+H]+计算值,371.1182;实测值,371.1180。
4-(7-(氮杂环辛烷-1-基)-5-氯-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯甲腈
按照一般程序C,采用4-(5,7-二氯-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯甲腈(54mg,0.17mmol)和氮杂环辛烷(19mg,0.17mmol)。混合物在真空下干燥并经硅胶柱层析纯化,得到标题化合物(31mg,0.077mmol,46%),为白色固体。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.29(s,1H),7.30(d,J=6.0Hz,2H),3.36(t,J=5.7Hz,5H),1.62(t,J=5.8Hz,5H),1.52(t,J=5.5Hz,6H),1.44(d,J=6.0Hz,2H)。
13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ160.68(dd,J=253.6,6.5Hz),157.23,155.73,155.12,151.06,118.55(t,J=19.8Hz),116.38,116.34,116.2,116.19,115.23(t,J=11.8Hz),97.29,52.24,27.72,26.80,24.44ppm。
HRMS(ES+):C18H17ClFN6[M+H]+计算值,403.1244;实测值,403.1240。
4-(7-(氮杂环辛烷-1-基)-5-氯-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3-氟苯甲腈
按照一般程序C,采用4-(5,7-二氯-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3-氟苯甲腈(48mg,0.15mmol)和氮杂环辛烷(35mg,0.30mmol)。混合物在真空下干燥并经硅胶柱层析纯化,得到标题化合物(32mg,0.083mmol,53%),为白色固体。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3,阻转异构体的混合物)δ8.59(s,0.4H),8.42(s,0.3H),7.80-7.77(m,0.6H),7.30(d,J=6Hz,0.3H),7.16(d,J=12Hz,0.4H),3.41(t,J=6Hz,1.2H),3.32(bs,1.8H),3.04(bs,1.8H),1.70-1.41(m,10H)ppm。
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ163.68,159.94(dd,J=250.7,19.6Hz),157.21,155.29,154.79,151.33,150.39,148.23,145.52,144.37,142.0,140.38,134.19,133.98,133.96,132.10,130.25,130.20,129.25,128.98,128.89,128.86,128.51,128.40,128.33,128.30,128.26,128.21,126.15,120.38,120.30,120.22,120.13,117.09,116.88,114.89,114.83,114.73,114.67,103.26,99.78,54.20,52.27,51.56,50.31,44.80,27.71,26.84,25.57,25.70,24.27,23.95,23.42,22.69,22.55,22.51,21.84,21.52ppm。
HRMS(ES+):C18H17ClFN6[M+H]+计算值,385.1338;实测值,385.1332。
2-(4-氰基-2,6-二氟苯基)丙二酸二乙酯
在N2下将3,4,5-三氟苯甲腈(1.00g,6.37mmol,1当量)、碳酸钾(1.76g,12.7mmol,2.00当量)和丙二酸二乙酯(1.03g,6.43mmol,1.01当量)在无水DMF中的混合物在65℃搅拌,直至起始材料被消耗,如TLC所示。反应混合物冷却至室温,用1M HCl(50mL)洗涤,并用EtOAc(3x)萃取。合并有机层,用饱和无水NaCl洗涤,在无水Na2SO4上干燥,过滤并在真空下浓缩。经硅胶柱层析纯化(在己烷中最多30%EtOAc),得到标题化合物(1.40g,4.69mmol,73%),为白色固体。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.30(d,J=7.0Hz,2H),5.01(s,1H),4.31–4.24(m,4H),1.29(t,J=7.4Hz,6H)ppm。
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ165.54,161.02(dd,J=254.0,7.8Hz),116.78(t,J=18.5Hz),116.20(t,J=3.4Hz),115.94–115.48(m),113.88(t,J=12.4Hz),62.60,47.24,13.87ppm。
IR:2856,2178,1695cm-1。
LCMS:[M+H]+298。
2-(4-氰基-2-氟苯基)丙二酸二乙酯
在氮气下将3,4-二氟苯甲腈(4.00g,28.8mmol,1当量)、碳酸钾(7.95g,57.5mmol,2.00当量)、丙二酸二乙酯(4.66g,29.1mmol,1.01当量)和无水DMF(24ml)加入到干燥烧瓶中并在65℃下加热,直至根据TLC起始材料被消耗。将反应混合物冷却至室温并加入到含有50ml 1N HCl的分液漏斗中。混合物用EtOAc(x3)萃取,合并的有机层用水和饱和无水NaCl洗涤。有机层在无水Na2SO4上干燥,过滤并在真空下浓缩。经硅胶柱层析纯化(在己烷中最多30% EtOA),得到标题化合物(6.73g,24.1mmol,84%),为无色的油。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.64(t,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.47(dd,J=8.0,1.6Hz,1H),7.38(dd,J=9.2,1.6Hz,1H),4.98(s,1H),4.28–4.18(m,4H),1.26(t,J=7.2Hz,6H)。
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ166.55,160.04(d,J=252.0Hz),131.98(d,J=3.5Hz),128.26(d,J=4.0Hz),126.21(d,J=14.4Hz),119.23(d,J=26.0Hz),117.28(d,J=2.9Hz),113.71(d,J=9.8Hz),62.55,50.44(d,J=2.9Hz),14.00。
IR:2984,2236,1733,1219cm-1。
LCMS:[M+H]+280。
5,7-二氯-6-苯基-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶
按照一般程序B,采用2-苯基丙二酸二乙酯(780mg,3.30mmol)和3-氨基-1,2,4-三唑(292mg,3.47mmol)。然后采用中间体6-苯基-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-5,7-双酚钠(740mg,2.71mmol)和POCl3(7.41g,48.4mmol),得到标题化合物(527mg,1.99mmol,73%),为棕色固体。
1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.56(s,1H),7.58–7.51(m,3H),7.38–7.34(m,2H)。
13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ156.93,156.65,153.35,139.90,131.72,130.07,129.95,129.16,124.01。
IR(KBr)ν3437,1637,1458,1383,1267,1205,1180,867,802,764,740,698,652cm-1。
HRMS(ES+):C11H7Cl2N4[M+H]+计算值,265.0042;实测值,265.0043。
4-(5,7-二氯-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯甲腈(22)
按照一般程序B,采用2-(4-氰基-2,6-二氟苯基)丙二酸二乙酯(500mg,1.68mmol)和3-氨基-1,2,4-三唑(148mg,1.77mmol)。然后采用中间体6-(4-氰基-2,6-二氟苯基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-5,7-双酚钠(400mg,1.20mmol)和POCl3(3.28g,21.4mmol),得到标题化合物(210mg,1.20mmol,53%),为棕色固体。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.65(s,1H),7.47(d,J=6.2Hz,2H)ppm。
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ161.21(d,J=6.4Hz),159.51(d,J=6.2Hz),157.66,155.57,116.85,116.62–116.30(m),115.86(t,J=3.5Hz),114.64(t,J=19.6Hz)ppm。
IR:3087,2195,1571,1338,1195cm-1。
LCMS:[M+H]+327。
4-(5,7-二氯-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3-氟苯甲腈(23)
按照一般程序B,采用2-(4-氰基-2,6-二氟苯基)丙二酸二乙酯(500mg,1.68mmol)和3-氨基-1,2,4-三唑(148mg,1.77mmol)。然后采用中间体6-(4-氰基-2-氟苯基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-5,7-双酚钠(3.00g,9.52mmol)和POCl3(26.0g,169mmol),得到标题化合物(1.97g,9.52mmol,67%),为棕色固体。
1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.61(s,1H),7.68(dd,J=7.9,1.5Hz,1H),7.61(dd,J=8.6,1.5Hz,1H),7.54(t,J=7.4Hz,1H)ppm。
13C NMR(150MHz,CDCl3)δ160.47,158.79,157.48,155.52,153.79,140.73,133.32,128.86(d,J=4.6Hz),124.68(d,J=15.7Hz),120.42(d,J=24.9Hz),116.76(d,J=2.9Hz),116.69,116.36(d,J=9.3Hz)ppm。
实施例3-微管稳定分析
对所有测试化合物均在之前描述的基于细胞的MT稳定化测定法中进行评估(参见Kovalevich,J.等人,(2016)Characterization of Brain-Penetrant Pyrimidine-Containing Molecules with Differential Microtubule-Stabilizing ActivitiesDeveloped as Potential Therapeutic Agents for Alzheimer's Disease and RelatedTauopathies.J Pharmacol Exp Ther 357,432-450,其通过参考并入本文),其中在QBI293细胞与1和10μM化合物孵育4小时后通过ELISA量化细胞裂解物中的乙酰化α-微管蛋白和总微管蛋白来确定微管蛋白聚合和总微管蛋白水平的化合物依赖性变化。
三唑并嘧啶内的特定结构特征对引起MT稳定性和质量的增加至关重要的这一观察会导致对三唑并嘧啶支架的SAR进行更系统的探索,从而阐明在C6和C7处修饰的三唑并嘧啶的使MT稳定的SAR。这些研究的结果导致对与现有先导化合物相比具有改善的体外活性和物理化学性质的选定同源物的鉴定。特别地,这些研究告诉我们,所需的三唑并嘧啶I类MT稳定作用通常要求在C6(式I中的R6)处存在贫电子苯基环。可以耐受不同的氟化苯基部分,从而产生活性的I类同源物,尤其是在邻位含有一个或两个氟原子且对位未被取代或被另外的氟或其他吸电子基团(如硝基和腈基)取代的那些。此外,在C7处连接的部分的性质在确定由MT活性三唑并嘧啶引发的效力以及细胞表型方面起着重要作用,并且在该位置存在被取代的氮可能是I类活性的必要条件。最后,还对C7处支链胺部分的手性构型的影响进行了评估。在大多数检查的情况下,发现胺的手性会影响化合物的效力,一种对映体通常比另一种更具活性。
新的C6腈基和炔基取代的三唑并嘧啶的示例相对于先前描述的示例具有改进的体外活性,其总体结构如式I所示。在之前描述的MT稳定细胞测定法中对新的C6腈基取代的化合物的活性进行了测试(Kovalevich,J.,等人(2016))。如下表2所概述,合成并测试18个示例。在所有情况下,这些化合物被证实是活性I类三唑并嘧啶。此外,在这一系列同源物之中,所选的化合物,如64、66、69、70和75-77被鉴定为与先导化合物3相比体外效力有所提高。表2提供了与1或10μM浓度的测试化合物孵育4小时后QBI293细胞中的乙酰化α-微管蛋白和总α-微管蛋白水平的倍数变化。数据表示为相对于媒介物处理的细胞的倍数变化。经单因素方差分析,*p<0.05和**p<0.01。
表2
这些结果表明,根据本公开的被测C6腈基取代的三唑并嘧啶化合物相对于先前描述的示例具有改进的体外活性。
实施例4-血浆和脑化合物测定
CD1小鼠(n=3)分别以2.5mg/kg的剂量同时服用CNDR-51990和CNDR-51993(代表两种非对映异构体52017(67)和52016(68)的1:1混合物)。服用后1小时,对小鼠进行安乐死,采集血液,然后灌注生理盐水。采用手持式声波均质器将小鼠大脑在pH 5.7(1:2;w/v)的10mM醋酸铵中均质化。从采集至含有0.5M EDTA溶液的1.5ml试管中并且在4℃下以4500g离心10分钟的血液中获取小鼠血浆。将等份(50μl)的脑匀浆或血浆与0.2ml乙腈混合,以15000x g离心,将所得的上清液用于随后的LC-MS/MS分析。利用基本上如前文所述的方法,由Inotiv,Inc.进行LC-MS-MS分析(Lou等人,J.Med.Chem.57:6116-27,2014)。结构见下表3。
表3
实施例6-另外的微管稳定化合物
根据下面的方案1至4制备本公开所述的另外的微管稳定化合物。
方案1试剂与反应条件:a)DiBAl-H,甲苯,-78℃,1h,51%;b)Bestmann-Ohira试剂,K2CO3,MeOH,20℃,3h,20%;
方案2试剂与反应条件:a)NaNO2,KI,6M HCl,水,0-20℃,3h,72%;b)N-三丁胺,170℃,6h;c)三氯氧磷,130℃,6h,经过两步60%;d)对于TAL-628,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,室温,16h,40%;对于TAL-626和TAL-627,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,Et3N,室温,1h,TAL-626 91%和TAL-627 88%;e)适当的炔烃,Pd(PPh3)4,CuI,脱气的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,20℃,8h,33-99%;f)二氧六环中的4M HCl,MeOH,20℃,1h,99%。
方案3试剂与反应条件:a)Na2Cr2O7,NaIO4,HNO3,水,0-20℃,24h,78%;b)LiAlD4,Et2O,0℃,0.5h,99%;c)TAL-627,Pd(PPh3)4,CuI,脱气的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,20℃,8h,44%。
方案4试剂与反应条件:a)NaH,CH3I,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,0-20℃,2h;b)3-丁炔-1-醇,Pd(PPh3)4,CuI,脱气的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,20℃,8h,经过两步17%。
将根据前述合成方案生产的化合物用于微管稳定化。下表4中描述了三唑并嘧啶的MT稳定活性。在与1或10μM浓度的测试化合物孵育4h后,QBI293细胞中的乙酰化α-微管蛋白(AcTub)和α-微管蛋白(α-Tub)水平的倍数变化。报道的AcTub与α-Tub数值代表相对于对照(DMSO)处理的细胞的倍数变化(经单因素方差分析,*p<0.05和**p<0.01);括号中的数字代表与阳性对照处理(即,100nM西维布林)的细胞相比的AcTub倍数变化。对照的+/-15%变化被视为是在日间分析可变性范围内,不具有显著性。
表4
材料与方法所有溶剂均为试剂级。所有试剂均购自Aldrich或Enamine并直接使用。用0.25mm的E.Merck预涂硅胶板进行薄层色谱分析(TLC)。用由Silicycle and SorbentTechnologies提供的硅胶60(粒径为0.040-0.062mm)进行硅胶柱层析。通过在紫外光下观察检测TLC斑点。在600MHz Bruker AVANCE III光谱仪上记录质子(1H)和碳(13C)核磁共振光谱。报告了相对于溶剂的化学位移。1H NMR光谱数据报告如下:化学位移[ppm,参考氕;s=单重态,d=双重态,t=三重态,q=四重态,五重态=五重态,dd=双重态,bs=宽单重态、m=多重态、耦合常数(Hz)和积分]。采用带有射流电喷雾电离源的安捷伦(Agilent)6230飞行时间质谱仪进行高分辨质谱测定。采用配备了UV和质量检测器的Gilson HPLC进行HPLC。利用在水中的10%至90% ACN的线性梯度(超8分钟)和1mL/min的流速对所有样本进行分析。在使用Waters SunFire制备型C18 OBD柱(5μm50mm或100mm)的Gilson仪器上进行制备型反相HPLC纯化。发现所有最终化合物的HPLC纯度均大于95%。
一般程序A将CuI(0.15当量)、三乙胺(3当量)和所需的炔烃(3当量)依次加入到碘代三唑并嘧啶(1当量)在脱气的DMF中的溶液(0.2M)中。对混合物进行脱气并用氮气回填,然后加入Tetrakis钯(0.1当量)。将混合物脱气并用氮气回填三次,将混合物在室温下搅拌8小时,然后用水淬灭并用EtOAc萃取两次。合并的有机馏分用盐水洗涤,在MgSO4上干燥并减压浓缩。经硅胶柱层析(己烷/EtOAc)纯化或反相HPLC(水/ACN+0.1%FA,(10至90%),20mL/min,20min渐变时间),得到所需的化合物。
一般程序B将HCl在二氧六环中的4M溶液(18当量)加入到Boc保护的炔基化TPD(1当量)在MeOH中的溶液(0.1M)中。室温下3小时后,减压蒸发混合物,得到为HCl盐的标题化合物,为黄色或棕色固体。
(R)-5-氯-6-(4-乙炔基-2,6-二氟苯基)-N-(3-甲基丁烷-2-基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-胺在0℃向(R)-4-(5-氯-7-((3-甲基丁烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯甲腈(0047g,0125mmol,1当量)在无水甲苯(12mL)中的溶液中逐滴加入DiBAL-H(0.170mL,1.1M,0.027g,0.182mmol,1.5当量),混合物在该温度下搅拌1小时,然后用HCl的1M溶液淬灭。水层用EtOAc萃取两次,然后合并的有机馏分用盐水洗涤,在MgSO4上干燥并减压浓缩,得到醛中间体,将该醛中间体直接溶解于MeOH(4mL)中。依次加入K2CO3(0.025g,0.182mmol,1.5当量)和(1-重氮-2-氧代丙基)磷酸二甲酯(0.035g,0.182mmol,1.5当量),将混合物室温下搅拌3小时。然后将反应在烧结玻璃上过滤。滤液减压蒸发。经硅胶柱层析(己烷/EtOAc:90/10至75/25)纯化,得到标题化合物(0.005g,0.012mmol,经过两步10%),为类白色固体。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.39(s,1H),7.25(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),6.38(bs,1H),3.30(bs,1H),2.71(d,J=5.4Hz,1H),1.72-1.67(m,1H),1.11(d,J=6.6Hz,3H),0.86(d,J=6.6Hz,3H),0.84(d,J=6.6Hz,3H)ppm。HRMS(ES+):C18H17N5F2Cl[M+H]+计算值,376.1135;实测值,376.1139。
2-(2,6-二氟-4-碘基苯基)丙二酸二乙酯向冷却至0℃的2-(4-氨基-2,6-二氟苯基)丙二酸二乙酯(2.050g,7.136mmol,1当量)在6N HCl(12mL,71.36mmol,10当量)中的溶液中逐滴加入NaNO2(0.492g,7.136mmol,1当量)在水(2.7mL)中的溶液。将所得的溶液逐滴加入到KI(4.916g,29.62mmol,4.15当量)在水(5mL)中的溶液中,使温度保持在0℃。使反应混合物升温至室温并搅拌3h,然后停止反应并用EtOAc萃取两次。合并层依次用10%Na2S2O3和盐水洗涤,然后在MgSO4上干燥并减压浓缩。经硅胶柱层析(己烷/EtOAc:100/0至75/25)纯化,得到标题化合物(2.054g,5.159mmol,72%),为黄色油。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.31(d,J=7.0Hz,1H),4.89(s,1H),4.25(q,J=7.1Hz,4H),1.27(t,J=7.2Hz,6H)ppm。13CNMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ166.36,160.77(dd,J=255.2,7.8Hz),121.41(dd,J=23.6,4.8Hz),101.61(dt,J=20.3,14.7Hz),62.45,47.22,14.05ppm。LCMS:[M+H]+:339。
5,7-二氯-6-(2,6-二氟-4-碘基苯基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶在用氮气冲洗的压力瓶中装入TAL-541(1.920g,6.459mmol,1当量)、1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-胺(0.570g,6.782mmol,1.05当量)和三丁胺(1.620mL,6.782mmol,1.05当量)。将混合物加热至170℃,持续3小时。然后在110℃加入10mL甲苯,之后在50℃加入50% NaOH溶液(1.023mL,19.38mmol,3当量)。达到室温后,将混合物在烧结玻璃上过滤并用甲苯冲洗两次,得到双酚盐(2.068g,6.621mmol,97%),其无需进一步纯化用于下一步。在装有中间体双酚盐(2.000g,4.608mmol,1当量)的圆底烧瓶中加入三氯氧磷(7.670mL,82.020mmol,17.8当量)并将混合物加热至130℃,持续6小时。将反应淋在冰上,水相用CH2Cl2萃取两次,合并的有机馏分用盐水洗涤,在MgSO4上干燥并减压浓缩。经硅胶柱层析(己烷/EtOAc:100/0至70/30)纯化,得到标题化合物(1.520g,3.56mmol,77%),为类白色固体。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.61(s,1H),7.52(d,J=6.4Hz,2H)ppm。13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ160.45(d,J=6.2Hz),158.75(d,J=6.2Hz),157.28,156.13,153.85,141.28,122.05(dd,J=23.0,4.2Hz),112.35,109.18(t,J=19.8Hz),95.68(t,J=10.2Hz)ppm。HRMS(ES+):C11H4N4F2ICl2[M+H]+计算值,426.8820;实测值,426.8812。
(R)-5-氯-6-(2,6-二氟-4-碘基苯基)-N-(3-甲基丁烷-2-基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-胺将(R)-3-甲基丁烷-2-胺(0.064mL,0.048g,0.548mmol,1.5当量)和三乙胺(0.153mL,0.111g,1.100mmol,3当量)加入到5,7-二氯-6-(2,6-二氟-4-碘基苯基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶(0.156g,0.365mmol,1当量)在DMF(1mL)中的溶液中,室温下搅拌混合物1小时。加水淬灭反应,水层用EtOAc萃取两次。合并的有机馏分用盐水洗涤,在MgSO4上干燥并减压浓缩。经硅胶柱层析(己烷/EtOAc;100/0至70/30)纯化,得到标题化合物(0.161g,0.337mmol,92%),为类白色固体。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.32(s,1H),7.46(d,J=6.5Hz,2H),6.35(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),3.18(s,1H),1.64(dq,J=13.2,6.7Hz,1H),1.06(d,J=6.6Hz,3H),0.79(dd,J=11.6,6.8Hz,6H)ppm。13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ159.60(dd,J=254.9,8.4Hz),159.56(dd,J=254.8,8.4Hz),156.51,153.82,152.51,144.76,120.65(dt,J=24.4,3.7Hz),110.04(t,J=21.1Hz),93.34(t,J=10.2Hz),87.81,53.81,32.50,16.95,16.94,16.77ppm。HRMS(ES+):C16H16N5F2ICl[M+H]+计算值,478.0101;实测值,478.0098。
(R)-5-氯-6-(2,6-二氟-4-碘基苯基)-N-(3,3-二甲基丁烷-2-基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-胺将(R)-3,3-二甲基丁烷-2-胺盐酸盐(0.075g,0.548mmol,1.5当量)和三乙胺(0.153mL,0.111g,1.100mmol,3当量)加入到5,7-二氯-6-(2,6-二氟-4-碘基苯基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶在DMF(1mL)中的溶液中,室温下搅拌混合物1小时。加水淬灭反应,水层用EtOAc萃取两次。合并的有机馏分用盐水洗涤,在MgSO4上干燥并减压浓缩。经硅胶柱层析(己烷/EtOAc:100/0至70/30)纯化,得到标题化合物(0.158g,0.321mmol,88%),为类白色固体。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.31(s,1H),7.46(d,J=6.4Hz,2H),6.42(s,1H),3.10(s,1H),1.00(d,J=6.7Hz,4H),0.82(s,9H)ppm。13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ160.67(dd,J=254.9,6.2Hz),160.40(dd,J=254.8,6.0Hz),157.59,154.89,153.58,146.03,121.82(dd,J=21.7,3.9Hz),121.67(dd,J=21.7,3.9Hz),111.23(t,J=18.2Hz),94.41(t,J=10.1Hz),88.71,58.10,34.74,25.77,16.56,16.55ppm。HRMS(ES+):C17H18N5F2ICl[M+H]+计算值,492.0258;实测值,492.0256。
(S)-5-氯-6-(2,6-二氟-4-碘基苯基)-N-(1,1,1-三氟丙烷-2-基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-胺将(S)-1,1,1-三氟丙烷-2-胺(0.097mL,0.111g,0.984mmol,2.1当量)加入到5,7-二氯-6-(2,6-二氟-4-碘基苯基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶(0.200g,0.468mmol,1当量)在DMF(2mL)中的溶液中,40℃下搅拌混合物24小时。加水淬灭反应,水层用EtOAc萃取两次。合并的有机馏分用盐水洗涤,在MgSO4上干燥并减压浓缩。经硅胶柱层析(己烷/EtOAc:100/0至70/30)纯化,得到标题化合物(0.121g,0.240mmol,51%),为类白色固体。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.38(s,1H),7.49(d,J=6.6Hz,2H),5.97(d,J=9.6Hz,1H),4.84(bs,1H),1.43(d,J=6.8Hz,3H)。13C NMR(151MHz,CDCl3)δ160.61(dd,J=257.4,5.9Hz),160.29(dd,J=255.8,6.0Hz),157.41,155.41,154.26,145.87,124.59(q,J=282.1Hz),122.32(dd,J=63.0,3.8Hz),122.16(dd,J=62.9,3.7Hz),109.10(t,J=20.2Hz),95.55(t,J=10.1Hz),91.74,51.08(q,J=32.1Hz),15.16ppm。HRMS(ES+):C14H9N5F5ICl[M+H]+计算值,503.9506;实测值,503.9502。
(R)-5-氯-6-(4-(3-(二甲基氨基)丙-1-炔-1-基)-2,6-二氟苯基)-N-(3-甲基丁烷-2-基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-胺按照一般程序A,采用TAL-626(0.070g,0.147mmol)和N,N-二甲基丙-2-炔-1-胺(0.047mL,0.037g,0.440mmol),经反相HPLC纯化和用EtOAc萃取纯馏分后,得到标题化合物(0.043g,0.099mmol,68%),为类白色。1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ8.60(s,1H),7.33(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),3.74(s,2H),3.38(s,1H),2.56(s,6H),1.72(pt,J=6.4Hz,1H),1.11(d,J=6.3Hz,3H),0.79(d,J=6.5Hz,6H)ppm。HRMS(ES+):C21H24N6F2Cl[M+H]+计算值,433.1714;实测值,433.1715。
(R)-5-氯-6-(4-(3-(二甲基氨基)丙-1-炔-1-基)-2,6-二氟苯基)-N-(3,3-二甲基丁烷-2-基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-胺按照一般程序A,采用TAL-627(0.070g,0.142mmol)和N,N-二甲基丙-2-炔-1-胺(0.046mL,0.036g,0.427mmol),经反相HPLC纯化和用EtOAc萃取纯馏分后,得到标题化合物(0.043g,0.096mmol,68%),为类白色。1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ8.50(s,1H),7.33(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),3.58(bs,2H),3.31(bs,1H),2.42(s,6H),1.08(d,J=6.6Hz,3H),0.83(s,9H)ppm。HRMS(ES+):C22H26N6F2Cl[M+H]+计算值,447.1870;实测值,447.1872。
(R)-(4-(4-(5-氯-7-(3-甲基丁烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯基)丁-3-炔-1-基)氨基甲酸叔丁基酯按照一般程序A,采用TAL-626(0.040g,0.084mmol)和3-丁炔-1-基氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(0.043g,0.250mmol),经硅胶柱层析(己烷/EtOAc:90/10至60/40)纯化后,得到标题化合物(0.043g,0.083mmol,99%),为黄色固体。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.34(s,1H),7.10(d,J=7.9Hz,2H),6.34(s,1H),4.85(s,1H),3.40(t,J=5.9Hz,2H),3.19(s,1H),2.66(t,J=6.5Hz,2H),1.66–1.62(m,1H),1.47(s,9H),1.06(d,J=6.6Hz,3H),0.80(t,J=7.4Hz,6H)ppm。HRMS(ES+):C25H29N6F2ClO2[M+Na]+计算值,519.2081;实测值,519.2083。
(R)-(4-(4-(5-氯-7-((3,3-二甲基丁烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯基)丁-3-炔-1-基)氨基甲酸叔丁基酯按照一般程序A,采用TAL-627(0.040g,0.081mmol)和3-丁炔-1-基氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(0.041g,0.240mmol),经硅胶柱层析(己烷/EtOAc:90/10至60/40)纯化后,得到标题化合物(0.042g,0.079mmol,97%),为黄色固体。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.40(s,1H),7.11(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),6.43(bs,1H),4.85(bs,1H),3.41(d,J=5.1Hz,2H),3.14(bs,1H),2.66(t,J=6.4Hz,2H),1.47(s,9H),1.02(d,J=6.6Hz,3H),0.84(s,9H)ppm。HRMS(ES+):C26H32N6F2ClO2[M+H]+计算值,533.2238;实测值,533.2238。
(R)-4-(4-(5-氯-7-((3-甲基丁烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯基)丁-3-炔-1-醇按照一般程序A,采用TAL-626(0.040g,0.084mmol)和3-丁炔-1-醇(0.019mL,0.018g,0.250mmol),经反相HPLC纯化和冻干后,得到标题化合物(0.012g,0.029mmol,34%),为类白色。1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ8.44(s,1H),7.26(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),3.77(t,J=6.5Hz,2H),3.31(bs,1H),2.68(t,J=6.5Hz,2H),1.80–1.66(m,1H),1.11(d,J=6.6Hz,3H),0.80(d,J=6.7Hz,6H)ppm。HRMS(ES+):C20H21N5F2ClO[M+H]+计算值,420.1397;实测值,420.1398。
(R)-5-(4-(5-氯-7-((3-甲基丁烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯基)戊-4-炔-1-醇按照一般程序A,采用TAL-626(0.027g,0.057mmol)和4-戊炔-1-醇(0.016mL,0.014g,0.170mmol),经反相HPLC纯化和冻干后,得到标题化合物(0.012g,0.028mmol,49%),为类白色。1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ8.43(s,1H),7.22(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),3.71(t,J=6.2Hz,2H),3.31(bs,1H),2.58(t,J=7.1Hz,2H),1.84(p,J=6.7Hz,2H),1.73(dq,J=13.6,6.8Hz,2H),1.11(d,J=6.6Hz,3H),0.80(d,J=6.7Hz,6H)ppm。HRMS(ES+):C21H23N5F2ClO[M+H]+计算值,434.1554;实测值,434.1553。
(R)-4-(4-(5-氯-7-((3,3-二甲基丁烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯基)丁-3-炔-1-醇按照一般程序A,采用TAL-627(0.040g,0.081mmol)和3-丁炔-1-醇(0.018mL,0.017g,0.240mmol),经反相HPLC纯化和冻干后,得到标题化合物(0.014g,0.032mmol,40%),为类白色。1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ8.46(s,1H),7.28(dd,J=8.1,1.5Hz,2H),3.77(t,J=6.5Hz,2H),3.31(bs,1H),2.68(t,J=6.5Hz,2H),1.07(d,J=6.7Hz,3H),0.84(s,9H)ppm。HRMS(ES+):C21H23N5F2ClO[M+H]+计算值,434.1554;实测值,434.1556。
(R)-5-(4-(5-氯-7-((3,3-二甲基丁烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯基)戊-4-炔-1-醇按照一般程序A,采用TAL-627(0.040g,0.081mmol)和4-戊炔-1-醇(0.023mL,0.021g,0.240mmol),经反相HPLC纯化和冻干后,得到标题化合物(0.036g,0.031mmol,38%),为类白色。1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ8.46(s,1H),7.25(dd,J=8.0,1.5Hz,2H),3.72(t,J=6.2Hz,2H),3.31(bs,1H),2.58(t,J=7.1Hz,2H),1.85(p,J=6.7Hz,2H),1.08(d,J=6.7Hz,3H),0.84(s,9H)ppm。HRMS(ES+):C22H25N5F2ClO[M+H]+计算值,448.1710;实测值,448.1711。
(S)-4-(4-(5-氯-7-((1,1,1-三氟丙烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯基)丁-3-炔-1-醇按照一般程序A,采用TAL-628(0.032g,0.064mmol)和3-丁炔-1-醇(0.014mL,0.013g,0.190mmol),经反相HPLC纯化和冻干,得到标题化合物(0.011g,0.025mmol,39%),为类白色。1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ8.50(s,1H),7.24(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),5.77(bs,1H),3.76(t,J=5.9Hz,2H),3.32(bs,1H),2.68(t,J=5.9Hz,2H),1.46(d,J=6.5Hz,3H)ppm。HRMS(ES+):C18H14N5F5ClO[M+H]+计算值,446.0802;实测值,446.0804。
(S)-5-(4-(5-氯-7-((1,1,1-三氟丙烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯基)戊-4-炔-1-醇按照一般程序A,采用TAL-628(0.033g,0.066mmol)和4-戊炔-1-醇(0.020mL,0.017g,0.200mmol),经反相HPLC纯化和冻干,得到标题化合物(0.010g,0.022mmol,33%),为类白色。1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ8.50(s,1H),7.21(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),5.80(bs,1H),3.71(t,J=6.0Hz,2H),3.32(bs,1H),2.57(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),1.94–1.71(m,2H),1.46(d,J=6.7Hz,3H)ppm。HRMS(ES+):C19H16N5F5ClO[M+H]+计算值,460.0958;实测值,460.0961。
(R)-(3-(4-(5-氯-7-(3-甲基丁烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯基)丙-2-炔-1-基)(甲基)氨基甲酸叔丁基酯按照一般程序A,采用TAL-626(0.050g,0.105mmol)和(甲基)(2-丙炔-1-基)氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(0.053g,0.314mmol),经硅胶柱层析(己烷/EtOAc:90/10至50/50)纯化,得到标题化合物(0.020g,0.039mmol,37%),为黄色固体。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.33(s,1H),7.12(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),6.35(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),4.32(bs,2H),3.16(bs,1H),2.99(s,3H),1.65–1.60(m,1H),1.49(s,9H),1.05(d,J=6.6Hz,3H),0.80(d,J=6.9Hz,3H),0.78(d,J=6.9Hz,3H)ppm。HRMS(ES+):C25H30N6F2ClO2[M+H]+计算值,519.2081;实测值,519.2078。
(R)-(3-(4-(5-氯-7-((3,3-二甲基丁烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯基)丙-2-炔-1-基)(甲基)氨基甲酸叔丁基酯按照一般程序A,采用TAL-627(0.050g,0.102mmol)和(甲基)(2-丙炔-1-基)氨基甲酸叔丁基酯(0.052g,0.305mmol),经硅胶柱层析(己烷/EtOAc:90/10至50/50)纯化,得到标题化合物(0.043g,0.081mmol,79%),为黄色固体。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.32(s,1H),7.12(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),6.43(bs,1H),4.31(bs,2H),2.98(s,3H),1.49(s,9H),1.47–1.45(m,1H),1.01(d,J=6.7Hz,3H),0.83(s,9H)ppm。HRMS(ES+):C26H32N6F2ClO2[M+H]+计算值,533.2238;实测值,533.2234。
(R)-4-(4-(5-氯-7-((3,3-二甲基丁烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯基)丁-3-炔-1,1-d2-1-醇按照一般程序A,采用TAL-627(0.080g,0.160mmol)和3-丁炔-1,1-d2-1-醇(0.035g,0.490mmol),经反相HPLC纯化和冻干,得到标题化合物(0.031g,0.071mmol,44%),为类白色。1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ8.46(s,1H),7.27(d,J=7.7Hz,2H),3.32(bs,1H),2.67(s,2H),1.06(d,J=6.7Hz,3H),0.82(s,9H)ppm。HRMS(ES+):C21H21N5F2D2ClO[M+H]+计算值,436.1679;实测值,436.1678。
(R)-6-(4-(4-氨基丁-1-炔-1-基)-2,6-二氟苯基)-5-氯-N-(3-甲基丁烷-2-基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-胺盐酸盐按照一般程序B,将TAL-576(0.040g,0.077mmol)转化为标题化合物(0.034g,0.075mmol,97%),为黄色固体。1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ8.87(s,1H),7.37(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),3.33(bs,1H),3.23(t,J=6.7Hz,2H),2.92(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),1.77(dq,J=13.6,6.8Hz,1H),1.15(d,J=6.6Hz,3H),0.81(t,J=7.3Hz,6H)ppm。HRMS(ES+):C20H22N6F2Cl[M+H]+计算值,419.1557;实测值,419.1560。
(R)-6-(4-(4-氨基丁-1-炔-1-基)-2,6-二氟苯基)-5-氯-N-(3,3-二甲基丁烷-2-基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-胺盐酸盐按照一般程序B,将TAL-576(0.040g,0.075mmol)转化为标题化合物(0.034g,0.072mmol,97%),为黄色固体。1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ8.75(s,1H),7.38(dd,J=8.8,3.6Hz,2H),3.33(bs,1H),3.23(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),2.92(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),1.34–1.30(m,1H),1.10(d,J=6.7Hz,3H),0.84(s,9H)ppm。HRMS(ES+):C21H24N6F2Cl[M+H]+计算值,433.1714;实测值,433.1716。
(R)-5-氯-6-(2,6-二氟-4-(3-(甲基氨基)丙-1-炔-1-基)苯基)-N-(3-甲基丁烷-2-基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-胺盐酸盐按照一般程序B,将TAL-635(0.015g,0.029mmol)转化为标题化合物(0.011g,0.024mmol,84%),为棕色固体。1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ8.59(s,1H),7.42(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),4.23(s,2H),3.31(bs,1H),2.85(s,3H),1.74(dq,J=13.4,6.7Hz,1H),1.11(d,J=6.5Hz,3H),0.79(d,J=4.4Hz,6H)ppm。HRMS(ES+):C20H22N6F2Cl[M+H]+计算值,419.1557;实测值,419.1554。
(R)-5-氯-6-(2,6-二氟-4-(3-(甲基氨基)丙-1-炔-1-基)苯基)-N-(3,3-二甲基丁烷-2-基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-胺盐酸盐按照一般程序B,将TAL-636(0.035g,0.066mmol)转化为标题化合物(0.028g,0.060mmol,91%),为棕色固体。1H NMR(600MHz,MeOD)δ8.74(s,1H),7.47(dd,J=8.4,3.1Hz,2H),4.24(s,2H),3.33(bs,1H),2.86(s,3H),1.10(d,J=6.7Hz,3H),0.84(s,9H)ppm。HRMS(ES+):C21H24N6F2Cl[M+H]+计算值,433.1714;实测值,433.1716。
(R)-5-氯-6-(4-(4-(二甲基氨基)丁-1-炔-1-基)-2,6-二氟苯基)-N-(3,3-二甲基丁烷-2-基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-胺按照一般程序A,采用TAL-627(0.040g,0.081mmol)和N,N-二甲基丁-3-炔-1-胺(0.029mL,0.024g,0.224mmol),经反相HPLC纯化和用EtOAc萃取后,得到标题化合物(0.023g,0.050mmol,61%),为类白色。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ8.36(s,1H),7.13(d,J=6.8Hz,2H),6.44(bs,1H),3.34(s,2H),3.23–3.01(m,3H),2.93(s,6H),1.01(d,J=6.3Hz,3H),0.82(s,9H)ppm。
(R)-4-(4-(5-氯-2-甲基-7-(甲基(3-甲基丁烷-2-基)氨基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-6-基)-3,5-二氟苯基)丁-3-炔-1-醇在0℃将NaH(60%,0.005g,0.120mmol,1.5当量)加入到TAL-626(0.037g,0.077mmol,1当量)的DMF(0.8mL)溶液中,然后20min后加入碘甲烷(0.006mL,0.013g,0.093mmol,1.2当量)。室温下2小时后,加水淬灭反应,水层用EtOAc萃取两次。合并的有机馏分用盐水洗涤,在MgSO4上干燥并减压浓缩,得到双甲基化中间体,该中间体无需进一步纯化用于下一步。按照一般程序A,采用前述中间体(0.013g,0.026mmol)和3-丁炔-1-醇(0.006mL,0.005g,0.077mmol),经反相HPLC纯化和用EtOAc萃取后,得到标题化合物(0.006g,0.013mmol,经过两步17%),为类白色。1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3)δ7.02(d,J=7.1Hz,1H),4.04(bs,1H),3.84(s,2H),3.42(s,3H),2.71(s,2H),2.54(s,3H),1.65–1.60(m,1H),1.05(d,J=5.9Hz,3H),0.85(d,J=5.5Hz,3H),0.76(d,J=5.8Hz,3H)ppm。
Claims (27)
1.一种式I化合物:
其中
R1为Cl;
R2为CH(CH3)CF3、CH(异丙基)CF3、CH(异丙基)CH3、CH(叔丁基)CH3或CH(甲基二氮杂环丙烯基)CH3,其中R2可以任选地被单氘化或多氘化;
R3为H或烷基;或R2和R3以及与它们连接的N原子一起形成C5-C7杂环或3-甲氧基-8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷-8-基;
R4为H或F;
R5为H或F;
R6为碘基、氰基、乙炔基或-C≡C-(CH2)n-R7,其中n=0-3,R7为H、-OH、-NH2、-NHCH3或-N(CH3)2,其中R6可以任选地被单氘化或多氘化;
R8为H或烷基;
或其立体化学异构体;
或其药学上可接受的盐。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中R6为氰基。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的化合物,其中R4和R5均为F。
4.根据权利要求3所述的化合物,其中R2为CH(CH3)CF3、CH(异丙基)CF3、CH(异丙基)CH3或CH(叔丁基)CH3。
5.根据权利要求3所述的化合物,其中R2和R3以及与它们连接的N原子一起形成哌啶基、氮杂环庚烷基或氮杂环辛烷基。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的化合物,其中R4为H,R5为F。
7.根据权利要求6所述的化合物,其中R2为CH(CH3)CF3、CH(异丙基)CF3、CH(异丙基)CH3或CH(叔丁基)CH3。
8.根据权利要求6所述的化合物,其中R2和R3以及与它们连接的N原子一起形成哌啶基、氮杂环庚烷基或氮杂环辛烷基。
9.根据权利要求1所述的化合物,其中R6为乙炔基。
10.根据权利要求9所述的化合物,其中R4和R5均为F。
11.根据权利要求10所述的化合物,其中R2为CH(CH3)CF3、CH(异丙基)CF3、CH(异丙基)CH3或CH(叔丁基)CH3。
12.根据权利要求10所述的化合物,其中R2和R3以及与它们连接的N原子一起形成哌啶基、氮杂环庚烷基或氮杂环辛烷基。
13.根据权利要求9所述的化合物,其中R4为H,R5为F。
14.根据权利要求13所述的化合物,其中R2为CH(CH3)CF3、CH(异丙基)CF3、CH(异丙基)CH3或CH(叔丁基)CH3。
15.根据权利要求13所述的化合物,其中R2和R3以及与它们连接的N原子一起形成哌啶基、氮杂环庚烷基或氮杂环辛烷基。
17.一种治疗神经退行性疾病的组合物,其包含治疗有效量的根据权利要求1至16中任一项所述的化合物。
18.一种治疗癌症的组合物,其包含治疗有效量的根据权利要求1至16中任一项所述的化合物。
19.一种治疗有需要的受试者的神经退行性疾病的方法,包括对受试者给药治疗有效量的根据权利要求1至16中任一项所述的化合物。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法,其中所述神经退行性疾病的特征在于受试者脑中的Tau蛋白病或微管功能受损。
21.根据权利要求19所述的方法,其中所述神经退行性疾病为阿尔茨海默病、额颞叶变性、皮克氏病、进行性核上性麻痹(PSP)、皮质基底节变性、帕金森病(PD)、PD伴痴呆、路易体病伴痴呆或肌萎缩侧索硬化。
22.根据权利要求19所述的方法,其中所述神经退行性疾病为创伤性脑损伤或创伤后应激障碍。
23.根据权利要求22所述的方法,其中所述创伤性脑损伤为重复性创伤性脑损伤或慢性创伤性脑病。
24.根据权利要求19所述的方法,其中所述神经退行性疾病为精神分裂症。
25.一种治疗有需要的受试者的癌症的方法,包括对受试者给药治疗有效量的根据权利要求1至16中任一项所述的化合物。
26.根据权利要求25所述的方法,其中所述癌症为脑癌。
27.根据权利要求26所述的方法,其中所述癌症为神经胶质瘤或星形细胞瘤。
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US20230167121A1 (en) | 2023-06-01 |
CA3178865A1 (en) | 2021-10-21 |
AU2021255495A1 (en) | 2022-12-15 |
WO2021211408A1 (en) | 2021-10-21 |
EP4136089A4 (en) | 2024-05-29 |
EP4136089A1 (en) | 2023-02-22 |
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