CN115388731A - Technical measure operation method for reducing blasting vibration - Google Patents
Technical measure operation method for reducing blasting vibration Download PDFInfo
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- CN115388731A CN115388731A CN202211196581.1A CN202211196581A CN115388731A CN 115388731 A CN115388731 A CN 115388731A CN 202211196581 A CN202211196581 A CN 202211196581A CN 115388731 A CN115388731 A CN 115388731A
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000611 regression analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009510 drug design Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
- F42D5/04—Rendering explosive charges harmless, e.g. destroying ammunition; Rendering detonation of explosive charges harmless
- F42D5/045—Detonation-wave absorbing or damping means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
- F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition
- F42D1/05—Electric circuits for blasting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a technical measure operation method for reducing blasting vibration, which comprises the selection reasonable design step of realizing the detonation time difference of a detonator when the interval time between the jumping sections of a detonating tube is more than 50ms and preventing the larger vibration generated by the superposition of blasting seismic waves. The interval time between the sections of the detonating tube is more than 50ms, so that the detonation time difference of the detonator is realized, the phenomenon that the blasting earthquake waves are overlapped to generate larger vibration is prevented, the blasting vibration is reduced, the later construction safety is ensured by ensuring that the earthquake generated by blasting does not damage a mine or surrounding buildings after blasting, and the technical measure operation method for reducing the blasting vibration is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technical measure operation method for reducing blasting vibration, and belongs to the technical field of blasting construction.
Background
When underground ore veins of a mine are mined, an underground chamber needs to be built, and due to the fact that the hardness of the ore is high, the construction efficiency is low due to the fact that engineering machinery is used for excavating and constructing. In order to improve the construction efficiency of the chamber section, the blasting technology is firstly used for blasting the excavated chamber construction section, and then the engineering machinery is used for rapid excavation and transportation.
Although the blasting construction can be carried out on the section of the chamber, the blasting vibration reduction is not disclosed, and a technical measure operation method for reducing the blasting vibration is needed because the earthquake generated by blasting cannot damage a mine or surrounding buildings to ensure the later construction safety after blasting.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a technical measure operation method for reducing blasting vibration.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
The technical measure operation method for reducing blasting vibration comprises the selection reasonable design step of realizing the detonation time difference of the detonator by the interval time of more than 50ms between the jumping sections of the detonating tube and preventing the larger vibration generated by the superposition of blasting seismic waves.
The interval time between the detonating tube sections is more than 50ms, so that the detonation time difference of the detonator is realized, the condition that the blasting earthquake waves are overlapped to generate larger vibration is prevented, the blasting vibration is reduced, the later construction safety is ensured by ensuring that the earthquake generated by blasting does not damage a mine or surrounding buildings after blasting, and the technical measure operation method for reducing the blasting vibration is realized.
The reasonable design selection steps are as follows:
selecting a reasonable explosive variety;
selecting a reasonable detonator initiation time difference, wherein the interval time between the detonating tube hop sections is more than 50ms to realize the detonator initiation time difference, and preventing the detonation seismic waves from being overlapped to generate larger vibration;
selecting a reasonable cutting form, and selecting a wedge-shaped and densely-arranged monitoring hole mixed cutting method;
and selecting reasonable drilling and blasting parameters.
After the step of selecting the reasonable design, the method also comprises the steps of a shock absorption blasting operation method.
The shock-absorbing blasting operation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Marking an excavation outline according to the measured central line and the elevation and the design section, marking the position of a blast hole according to the drilling and blasting design, and drilling holes after the positions meet the design requirements through checking;
(2) The distance deviation of blast holes requires that the cutting holes are not more than 2cm, the peripheral holes and the inner ring holes are not more than 3cm, the eyeground of the peripheral holes does not exceed the outer contour by 5cm, and the other holes are not more than 5cm;
(3) Before blasting operation, the slurry and stone powder in the blast hole are washed clean, and after the blasting operation is qualified, the powder can be loaded;
(4) The detonation networks are connected in a drilling and blasting design mode, and the main blasting network adopts double pipes and double cables to ensure reliable detonation.
After the steps of the shock absorption blasting operation method, blasting vibration monitoring is carried out.
The blasting vibration monitoring step comprises: and continuously adjusting and optimizing blasting parameters by enhancing monitoring and information feedback, and controlling the total explosive loading of the single section not to exceed a limit value.
And after the blasting vibration monitoring step, the method also comprises the step of arranging the measuring points.
The measuring point arrangement steps are as follows: 1 or more surface lateral lines are generally arranged along the radial direction or the annular direction of a blasting area in the research of blasting vibration wave propagation, radial measuring points are arranged according to a logarithmic curve, and the measuring points are arranged on the same stratum or foundation; the measuring points for observing the influence of the blasting vibration on the building are arranged on the ground, foundation or building near the measured surface building.
After the measuring point arranging step, the monitoring data processing is also included.
The data monitoring step comprises: using formula Q max ＝R max 3 (V safety/K) 3/α And carrying out regression analysis on the measured data by a unitary regression method, and carrying out back calculation on the allowable primary initiation explosive quantity Q max 。
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
drawings
FIG. 1 is a first shot detection view;
fig. 2 is a second burst detection diagram.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of the claimed invention is not limited to the described.
See fig. 1-2.
The technical measure operation method for reducing blasting vibration comprises the following steps:
step one, selecting a reasonable design
The blasting vibration strength is mainly related to factors such as blasting equipment, rock wave impedance, topographic conditions, blasting modes, and the distance between a blasting center and a vibration measuring point, so that the reduction of the blasting vibration starts from the following aspects:
(1) Selecting reasonable explosive varieties. The explosive variety and the explosive blasting vibration speed have direct influence, and according to engineering geology and hydrogeology conditions, emulsion explosives with good waterproof effect are selected as much as possible at the undercut hole and the auxiliary hole in construction, and light blasting explosives with small diameter and low blasting speed are selected at the peripheral hole.
(2) And selecting a reasonable detonator initiation time difference. The blasting network is designed to be a non-electric differential detonation technology with the same section outside the hole and the same section inside the hole. The detonating tube is generally used in a jumping way, so that the interval time between the sections is more than 50ms, and the seismic waves are prevented from being overlapped to generate larger vibration.
(3) And selecting a reasonable undermining form. The undercutting is the key of the success or failure of blasting and is also the main seismic source for generating the maximum blasting vibration speed. In order to achieve the purpose of shock absorption, a wedge-shaped and densely-arranged monitoring eye mixed cut method is adopted, namely the easy throwing and shock absorption effects of the wedge-shaped cut and the through free face of the through cut are fully utilized to reduce earthquake motion to the maximum extent.
(4) And selecting reasonable drilling and blasting parameters. According to the size, the position, the engineering geological condition, the surrounding environment condition and the like of an excavated section, drilling and blasting parameters such as reasonable blast hole depth, spacing, a cut form, explosive loading, an initiation sequence and the like are selected, and the blast holes adopt linear hole distribution and linear initiation, so that the explosive loading quality and the blast hole blocking quality are improved, and the expected purposes of shock absorption and efficiency improvement are achieved.
Step two, shock-absorbing blasting operation method
The shock absorption blasting construction process flow comprises the following steps: laying out cloth eye → positioning chisel eye → drilling eye → connecting detonating network → charging → clearing hole → blind blasting → checking.
(1) And marking out an excavation outline according to the measured central line and the elevation and the designed section, marking out the position of a blast hole according to the drilling and blasting design, and drilling holes in the rear part after the inspection meets the design requirement.
(2) The distance deviation of blast holes requires that the cutting holes are not more than 2cm, the peripheral holes and the inner ring holes are not more than 3cm, the eyeground of the peripheral holes does not exceed the outer contour by 5cm, and the other holes are not more than 5cm.
(3) Before blasting operation, the slurry and stone powder in the blast hole are cleaned by blowing, and after the blasting operation is qualified, the powder can be charged. The method comprises the following steps:
1) The surrounding holes adopt non-coupling charging, so that the explosive force is uniformly dispersed on the wall of the gun hole, and the surrounding rock is protected; the rest blastholes adopt centralized charging.
2) And (3) determining the position of the initiating explosive bag: the detonator is placed at the bottom of the hole, and the detonator hole can be in a hole direction towards the orifice, namely, the bottom is adopted for reverse initiation. If the rock mass is seeped with water or has high humidity, emulsion explosive is placed at the bottom of the hole, and the penultimate cartridge is used as an initiating explosive bag.
3) Plugging length: the blocking length of the blast hole is not less than 200mm after charging, and the blast hole can not only block the hole opening from the top end of the explosive package when presplitting blasting is adopted. The plug is 1:3, mixing clay and sand according to the proportion to obtain the stemming.
(4) The detonation networks are connected in a drilling and blasting design mode, and the main blasting network adopts double pipes and double cables to ensure reliable detonation.
Step three, monitoring blasting vibration
Blasting vibrations monitoring is an indispensable link in the construction, through strengthening monitoring and information feedback, constantly adjusts optimization blasting parameter, and control single section total charge does not exceed the limit value, guarantees that the biggest vibration velocity of blasting is in the within range of allowwing, ensures the safety of earth's surface and underground structure thing.
The blasting vibration monitoring is to check whether the designed blasting parameters and the actual construction are correct or not. An effective means for controlling the damage of blasting vibration.
Step four, measuring point arrangement
The propagation of the blasting vibration wave is usually researched by arranging 1 or more surface lateral lines along the radial direction or the annular direction of a blasting area, radial measuring points are arranged according to a logarithmic curve, and the measuring points are arranged on the same stratum or foundation. The measuring points for observing the influence of the blasting vibration on the building are arranged on the ground, foundation or building near the measured surface building.
Step five, processing the monitoring data
Using the formula Q max ＝R max 3 (V safety/K) 3/α And carrying out regression analysis on the measured data by a unary regression method to obtain coefficients K and alpha related to medium and terrain so as to obtain the attenuation rule of the particle vibration velocity V, and then reversely calculating the allowable primary initiation explosive quantity Q according to the formula, the allowable maximum vibration velocity and the explosive center distance R max 。
The technology is derived from 150-kiloton/a underground mining development project and production project of deep phosphorite in a mill of an extended exploitation project of the urn-Fu phosphorite.
Claims (10)
1. A technical measure operation method for reducing blasting vibration is characterized by comprising a selection reasonable design step of realizing detonator detonation time difference by enabling the interval time between the jumping sections of a detonating tube to be more than 50ms and preventing large vibration generated by stacking blasting seismic waves.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the selecting the rational design step comprises:
selecting a reasonable explosive variety;
selecting a reasonable detonator initiation time difference, wherein the interval time between the detonating tube hop sections is more than 50ms to realize the detonator initiation time difference, and preventing the detonation seismic waves from being overlapped to generate larger vibration;
selecting a reasonable cutting form, and selecting a wedge-shaped and densely-arranged monitoring hole mixed cutting method;
and selecting reasonable drilling and blasting parameters.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of reducing the shock of the blast comprises: after the step of selecting the reasonable design, the method also comprises the steps of a shock absorption blasting operation method.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the shock absorbing blasting comprises the steps of:
(1) Marking an excavation profile line according to the measured central line and the elevation and the design section, marking the position of a blast hole according to the drilling and blasting design, and drilling holes behind the blast hole after the blast hole meets the design requirements through checking;
(2) The distance deviation of blast holes requires that the cutting holes are not more than 2cm, the peripheral holes and the inner ring holes are not more than 3cm, the eyeground of the peripheral holes does not exceed the outer contour by 5cm, and the other holes are not more than 5cm;
(3) Before blasting operation, the slurry and stone powder in the blast hole are washed clean, and after the blasting operation is qualified, the powder can be loaded;
(4) The detonation networks are connected in a drilling and blasting design mode, and the main blasting network adopts double pipes and double cables to ensure reliable detonation.
5. A method of claim 3, further comprising performing blast shock monitoring after the step of shock absorbing blasting.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the step of reducing blast vibration comprises: the blasting vibration monitoring step is as follows: and continuously adjusting and optimizing blasting parameters by enhancing monitoring and information feedback, and controlling the total explosive loading of the single section not to exceed a limit value.
7. The method of claim 5 wherein the step of reducing blast vibration comprises: and after the blasting vibration monitoring step, the method also comprises the step of arranging the measuring points.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of arranging the measuring points comprises: 1 or more surface lateral lines are generally arranged along the radial direction or the annular direction of a blasting area in the research of blasting vibration wave propagation, radial measuring points are arranged according to a logarithmic curve, and the measuring points are arranged on the same stratum or foundation; the measuring points for observing the influence of the blasting vibration on the building are arranged on the ground surface, the foundation or the building near the measured surface building.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the step of reducing the shock of the blast comprises: after the measuring point arranging step, the monitoring data processing is also included.
10. A method of operating technical measures to reduce blast shock as set forth in claim 9, wherein said step of monitoring data comprises: using Q max ＝R max 3 (V safety/K) 3/α And carrying out regression analysis on the measured data by a unitary regression method, and carrying out back calculation on the allowable primary initiation explosive quantity Q max 。
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Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104895574A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-09-09 | 重庆工程职业技术学院 | Construction method for controlling large cross section tunnel blasting vibration velocity |
| CN107843158A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-03-27 | 北京科技大学 | The construction method of the low vibration velocity exact requirements of Tunnel Blasting is realized with common on-electric detonator |
| CN111829405A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-10-27 | 中铁十六局集团北京轨道交通工程建设有限公司 | Method for analyzing safety control of urban blasting based on wavelet |
| CN111829644A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-27 | 中核华辰建筑工程有限公司 | Blasting vibration real-time monitoring alarm system and method |
| CN114791246A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-07-26 | 中铁十六局集团路桥工程有限公司 | Blasting construction method for existing small-clear-distance close-connection tunnel |
-
2022
- 2022-09-29 CN CN202211196581.1A patent/CN115388731A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104895574A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-09-09 | 重庆工程职业技术学院 | Construction method for controlling large cross section tunnel blasting vibration velocity |
| CN107843158A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-03-27 | 北京科技大学 | The construction method of the low vibration velocity exact requirements of Tunnel Blasting is realized with common on-electric detonator |
| CN111829405A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-10-27 | 中铁十六局集团北京轨道交通工程建设有限公司 | Method for analyzing safety control of urban blasting based on wavelet |
| CN111829644A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-27 | 中核华辰建筑工程有限公司 | Blasting vibration real-time monitoring alarm system and method |
| CN114791246A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-07-26 | 中铁十六局集团路桥工程有限公司 | Blasting construction method for existing small-clear-distance close-connection tunnel |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
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