CN115387810A - Efficient tunneling method for large-section tunnel of soft argillaceous sandstone zone - Google Patents
Efficient tunneling method for large-section tunnel of soft argillaceous sandstone zone Download PDFInfo
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- CN115387810A CN115387810A CN202210639543.2A CN202210639543A CN115387810A CN 115387810 A CN115387810 A CN 115387810A CN 202210639543 A CN202210639543 A CN 202210639543A CN 115387810 A CN115387810 A CN 115387810A
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- argillaceous sandstone
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000668854 Howardia biclavis Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010063385 Intellectualisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/006—Lining anchored in the rock
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of roadway excavation, and discloses a high-efficiency excavation method for a large-section roadway of a soft argillaceous sandstone zone, which comprises the following steps: s1: according to the construction drawing, measure, accept the construction size, to ceiling, side wall anchor, the waterproof casting in each work hole in auxiliary tunnel to carry out water repellent to intake chamber, sedimentation tank, escape canal in auxiliary tunnel, do the concrete hardening to the equipment platform of putting in auxiliary tunnel: s2: divide into a plurality of tunnel sections that connect gradually with the tunnel, predesign each tunnel section spatial position and extending direction on the big section in soft argillaceous sandstone area. The U-shaped steel arch frame, the cement purlines and the concrete body are combined into a whole to form the high-efficiency tunneling method for the large-section tunnel of the soft argillaceous sandstone zone, so that the safety of the whole construction engineering of operators is effectively improved; the operation efficiency is improved, and the stability of ore supply of the existing stope, particularly a high-grade stope, is powerfully ensured, so that ore removal and grade double stabilization are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of roadway excavation, in particular to an efficient excavation method for a large-section roadway of a soft argillaceous sandstone zone.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid increase of coal consumption, mine groups of ten million tons are continuously appeared. Under the large background of national planning, large mining area, mechanization and intensive production mode, the fully mechanized mining equipment for coal mines is greatly developed in the aspects of complete set, heavy weight, large scale, intellectualization and mechanical and electrical integration. However, with the improvement of the capacity of the fully mechanized mining face, the number of annual consumed stoping roadways is greatly increased, the tunneling level is not greatly improved, the mining proportion is disordered, the safety problem is prominent, and the rapid tunneling of the coal roadway becomes a common key problem which restricts the high-efficiency intensive production of the large mines.
Along with the increase of mining scale, mine exploitation develops to deepening, engineering soft rock capable of generating significant deformation and rheology is frequently encountered in the coal mine tunnel construction process, the soft rock stratum has four different properties of looseness, scattering, softness and weakness, in the soft rock stratum, the ground pressure is large, the tunnel maintenance is extremely difficult, and the problems faced by construction mainly include:
(1) The rock mass is extremely soft, slurried when meeting water, the structure is criss-cross, and the rock mass is extremely easy to collapse, once the roadway collapses, the treatment difficulty is extremely high, time and labor are wasted, and the cost is extremely high;
(2) The section of the roadway is large, the side stress is obvious, and the phenomenon that the bottom root of the U-shaped steel arch frame moves inwards occurs in a large area. Based on the method, a method for efficiently tunneling a large-section tunnel of the soft argillaceous sandstone zone is needed to be explored, so that the construction safety is guaranteed, the operation efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for efficiently tunneling a large-section tunnel in a soft argillaceous sandstone zone, which solves the problems mentioned in the background.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a high-efficiency tunneling method for a large-section tunnel of a soft argillaceous sandstone zone comprises the following steps:
s1: according to the construction drawing, measure, accept the construction size, to ceiling, side wall anchor, the waterproof casting in each work hole in auxiliary tunnel to carry out water repellent to intake chamber, sedimentation tank, escape canal in auxiliary tunnel, do the concrete hardening to the equipment platform of putting in auxiliary tunnel:
s2: dividing a roadway into a plurality of roadway sections which are connected in sequence, and designing the spatial position and the extending direction of each roadway section on the large section of the soft argillaceous sandstone zone in advance;
s3: a plurality of water detection holes are formed in the upper side of the spatial position of the current roadway section, each water detection hole extends along the extension direction, the length of each water detection hole is equal to that of the current roadway section, and the water detection holes are arranged at intervals along the transverse direction of the current roadway section;
s4: advanced support: inserting a reinforcing steel bar section with the diameter smaller than that of each water detection hole into each water detection hole, and pumping concrete slurry into a gap between each reinforcing steel bar section and each water detection hole;
s5: establishing an upper excavating platform, a middle excavating platform and a lower excavating platform which are respectively provided with tunneling equipment according to the initial position of the section of the roadway;
s6: excavating the upper part of the section of the roadway by using the equipment used by the S5 excavating platform to form an upper chamber, and supporting the upper chamber;
s7: excavating the middle part of the section of the roadway by using excavating equipment on a middle excavating platform to form a middle chamber, and supporting the middle chamber;
s8: excavating the lower part of the section of the roadway by using excavating equipment on a lower excavating platform to form a lower chamber, and supporting the lower chamber until the upper chamber, the middle chamber and the lower chamber are communicated to form a chamber;
s9: inspecting the specification and size of the section of the tunnel according to the middle waist line, processing unqualified parts, cleaning two sides of the tunnel to the original rock, deeply digging a 30cm leg pit, and installing U-shaped steel arch support legs at a certain angle; meanwhile, connecting the 10# channel steel with an adjacent bracket at the waist line position, then installing a bracket arched beam and fixing the bracket arched beam by using a U-shaped card, and compacting the whole section of the top side of the U-shaped steel arched frame by using a cement purline;
s10: after the U-shaped steel arch frame is installed, constructing a pre-supporting pipe shed in advance at the arch-raising position of the roadway, and performing concrete spraying support on the top side of the roadway;
s11: after confirming that each electric and hydraulic equipment is normally operated, preparing for tunneling.
Preferably, the water detection hole corresponding to each roadway section in S3 extends from back to front in the extending direction of the current roadway section in an upward inclined manner gradually.
Preferably, the steel bar section in S4 is made of ribbed steel bars.
Preferably, the supports in S6, S7 and S8 are all arc-shaped supports, and the three arc-shaped supports are welded.
Preferably, the inclination angle of the U-shaped steel arch supporting leg in the S9 is 80-85 degrees.
Preferably, the space between the U-shaped steel arches in the S9 is 0.8 to 1.2m.
Preferably, the temporary supporting time in the step S10 is 4 to 5 hours.
Preferably, the concrete slurry in S4 is a mixture of cement slurry and water glass, and the volume ratio of the cement slurry to the water glass is 7/10-2/1.
The invention provides a method for efficiently tunneling a large-section tunnel of a soft argillaceous sandstone zone. The efficient tunneling method for the large-section tunnel of the soft argillaceous sandstone zone has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the method, the U-shaped steel arch support legs are installed at an inclination angle of 80-85 degrees, the inward shift amount of the bottom roots of the support legs is generally 20-30 cm before the installation angles of the support legs are not adjusted, mainly because surrounding rocks are extremely broken and soft and the mechanical property is poor, corresponding horizontal stress cannot be given to the support legs, the stress direction of the support legs is changed according to the force decomposition principle, and part of the horizontal stress is converted into vertical stress; according to the basic principle of force interaction, the problem of roadway deformation is solved by adjusting the angles of the supporting legs of the U-shaped steel arch and utilizing the mechanical characteristics of the U-shaped steel arch; the full-section support roadway top side of the cement purline is utilized to solve the problem of surrounding rock protrusion between U-shaped steel arch frames; because the mechanical property of the cement purline is poor, a 100mm concrete-spraying permanent support is adopted, and the U-shaped steel arch frame, the cement purline and the concrete body are combined into a whole to form a soft argillaceous sandstone belt large-section roadway efficient tunneling method, so that the safety of the whole construction engineering of operators is effectively improved; the operation efficiency is improved, and the stability of ore supply of the existing stope, particularly a high-grade stope, is powerfully ensured, so that ore removal and grade double stabilization are ensured.
(2) According to the efficient tunneling method for the large-section tunnel of the soft argillaceous sandstone zone, when the large-section or ultra-large-section tunnel is excavated, the tunnel is supported by a supporting structure, supporting speed is high, the supporting requirement for the ultra-large section is met, and rapid, safe and environment-friendly construction can be realized. The original traditional support process for coal mine roadway excavation cannot meet the requirements that a suspension anchor cable is installed at the top to carry out top wall bearing during the construction of a large-section roadway and the subsequent disassembly of a TBM, the roadway is excavated by adopting a roadway construction method, the safety and the subsequent use safety during the construction of the roadway can be ensured, the excavation speed is high, the forming effect is good, the construction safety performance is good, and the service life of the roadway is long.
Detailed Description
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be in communication within the two elements or in interactive relationship with the two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: a high-efficiency tunneling method for a large-section tunnel of a soft argillaceous sandstone zone comprises the following steps:
s1: according to the construction drawing, measure, accept the construction size, to ceiling, side wall anchor, the waterproof casting in each work hole in auxiliary tunnel to carry out water repellent to intake chamber, sedimentation tank, escape canal in auxiliary tunnel, do the concrete hardening to the equipment platform of putting in auxiliary tunnel:
s2: dividing a roadway into a plurality of roadway sections which are connected in sequence, and designing the spatial position and the extending direction of each roadway section on the large section of the soft argillaceous sandstone zone in advance;
s3: the method comprises the following steps that a plurality of water detection holes are formed in the upper side of the spatial position of a current roadway section, each water detection hole extends along the extending direction, the length of each water detection hole is equal to that of the current roadway section, the water detection holes are arranged at intervals along the transverse direction of the current roadway section, and the water detection hole corresponding to each roadway section extends upwards in an inclined mode from back to front in the extending direction of the current roadway section;
s4: advanced support: inserting a steel bar section with the diameter smaller than that of each water detection hole into each water detection hole, wherein the steel bar section is made of ribbed steel bars, and then pumping concrete grout into a gap between the steel bar section and the water detection hole, wherein the concrete grout is a mixture of cement paste and water glass, and the volume ratio of the cement paste to the water glass is 7/10-2/1;
s5: establishing an upper excavating platform, a middle excavating platform and a lower excavating platform which are respectively provided with tunneling equipment according to the initial position of the section of the roadway;
s6: excavating the upper part of the section of the roadway by using the equipment used by the S5 excavating platform to form an upper chamber, and supporting the upper chamber by using an arc-shaped support;
s7: excavating the middle part of the section of the roadway by using excavating equipment on a middle excavating platform to form a middle chamber, and supporting the middle chamber by using an arc-shaped support;
s8: excavating the lower part of the section of the roadway by using excavating equipment on a lower excavating platform to form a lower chamber, and supporting the lower chamber by using arc-shaped supports, so that the upper chamber, the middle chamber and the lower chamber are communicated to form the chamber, and the three arc-shaped supports in the upper chamber, the middle chamber and the lower chamber are welded;
s9: inspecting the specification and size of the section of the tunnel according to the middle waist line, processing unqualified parts, cleaning two sides of the tunnel to the original rock, deeply digging a 30cm leg pit, and installing U-shaped steel arch support legs at an inclination angle of 80-85 degrees; meanwhile, connecting 10# channel steel with an adjacent bracket at the position of a waist line, mounting a bracket arched beam and fixing by using a U-shaped card, and compacting the full section of the top edge of the U-shaped steel arch by using a cement purline, wherein the space between the U-shaped steel arches is 0.8-1.2 m;
s10: after the U-shaped steel arch frame is installed, constructing a pre-supporting pipe shed in advance at the arch-raising position of the roadway, and performing concrete spraying supporting on the top side of the roadway, wherein the temporary supporting time is 4-5 hours;
s11: after confirming that each electric and hydraulic equipment is normally operated, preparing for tunneling.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element recited by the phrase "comprising a reference structure" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Claims (8)
1. A high-efficiency tunneling method for a large-section tunnel of a soft argillaceous sandstone zone is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: according to the construction drawing, measure, accept the construction size, to ceiling, side wall anchor, the waterproof casting in each work hole in auxiliary tunnel to carry out water repellent to intake chamber, sedimentation tank, escape canal in auxiliary tunnel, do the concrete hardening to the equipment platform of putting in auxiliary tunnel:
s2: dividing a roadway into a plurality of roadway sections which are connected in sequence, and designing the spatial position and the extending direction of each roadway section on the large section of the soft argillaceous sandstone zone in advance;
s3: a plurality of water detection holes are formed in the upper side of the spatial position of the current roadway section, each water detection hole extends along the extension direction, the length of each water detection hole is equal to that of the current roadway section, and the water detection holes are arranged at intervals along the transverse direction of the current roadway section;
s4: advance support: inserting a reinforcing steel bar section with the diameter smaller than that of each water detection hole into each water detection hole, and pumping concrete slurry into a gap between each reinforcing steel bar section and each water detection hole;
s5: establishing an upper excavating platform, a middle excavating platform and a lower excavating platform which are respectively provided with tunneling equipment according to the initial position of the section of the roadway;
s6: excavating the upper part of the section of the roadway by using the equipment used by the S5 excavating platform to form an upper chamber, and supporting the upper chamber;
s7: excavating the middle part of the section of the roadway by using excavating equipment on a middle excavating platform to form a middle chamber, and supporting the middle chamber;
s8: excavating the lower part of the section of the roadway by using excavating equipment on a lower excavating platform to form a lower chamber, and supporting the lower chamber until the upper chamber, the middle chamber and the lower chamber are communicated to form a chamber;
s9: inspecting the specification and size of the section of the tunnel according to the middle waist line, processing unqualified parts, cleaning two sides of the tunnel to the original rock, deeply digging a 30cm leg pit, and installing U-shaped steel arch support legs at a certain angle; meanwhile, connecting the 10# channel steel with an adjacent bracket at the waist line position, then installing a bracket arched beam and fixing the bracket arched beam by using a U-shaped card, and compacting the whole section of the top side of the U-shaped steel arched frame by using a cement purline;
s10: after the U-shaped steel arch frame is installed, constructing a pre-supporting pipe shed in advance at the arch-raising position of the roadway, and performing concrete spraying support on the top side of the roadway;
s11: after confirming that each electric and hydraulic equipment is normally operated, preparing for tunneling.
2. The efficient tunneling method for the large-section tunnel of the soft argillaceous sandstone zone according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and in the S3, the water detection hole corresponding to each roadway section gradually extends upwards in an inclined manner from back to front in the extending direction of the current roadway section.
3. The efficient tunneling method for the large-section tunnel of the soft argillaceous sandstone zone according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and the steel bar section in the S4 is made of ribbed steel bars.
4. The efficient tunneling method for the large-section tunnel of the soft argillaceous sandstone zone according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and the supports in the S6, the S7 and the S8 are all arc-shaped supports, and the three arc-shaped supports are welded.
5. The efficient tunneling method for the large-section tunnel of the soft argillaceous sandstone zone according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the inclination angle of the U-shaped steel arch support leg in the S9 is 80-85 degrees.
6. The efficient tunneling method for the large-section tunnel of the soft argillaceous sandstone zone according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the space between the U-shaped steel arches in the S9 is 0.8 to 1.2m.
7. The efficient tunneling method for the large-section tunnel of the soft argillaceous sandstone zone according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: and in the S10, the temporary support time is 4-5 h.
8. The efficient tunneling method for the large-section tunnel of the soft argillaceous sandstone zone according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps: the concrete slurry in the S4 is a mixture of cement slurry and water glass, and the volume ratio of the cement slurry to the water glass is 7/10-2/1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210639543.2A CN115387810A (en) | 2022-06-07 | 2022-06-07 | Efficient tunneling method for large-section tunnel of soft argillaceous sandstone zone |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210639543.2A CN115387810A (en) | 2022-06-07 | 2022-06-07 | Efficient tunneling method for large-section tunnel of soft argillaceous sandstone zone |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115387810A true CN115387810A (en) | 2022-11-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210639543.2A Pending CN115387810A (en) | 2022-06-07 | 2022-06-07 | Efficient tunneling method for large-section tunnel of soft argillaceous sandstone zone |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN115387810A (en) |
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- 2022-06-07 CN CN202210639543.2A patent/CN115387810A/en active Pending
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