CN115387363A - Cuttage shrub pad ecological slope protection method and ecological slope - Google Patents
Cuttage shrub pad ecological slope protection method and ecological slope Download PDFInfo
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- CN115387363A CN115387363A CN202211084801.1A CN202211084801A CN115387363A CN 115387363 A CN115387363 A CN 115387363A CN 202211084801 A CN202211084801 A CN 202211084801A CN 115387363 A CN115387363 A CN 115387363A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cuttage shrub pad ecological slope protection method, which comprises the steps of planting shrubs on a slope, and pressing down and fixing the shrubs on the slope in the upward slope direction of the slope to enable the slope to be fully paved with the shrubs. The shrubs are fully paved on the slope bank, namely a protective layer is added on the slope surface of the slope bank, the stems and the leaves of the shrubs are attached to the slope surface and fixed through the wooden piles, the whole structure is stable, the slope soil can be effectively stabilized, the erosion of the slope surface caused by rainwater and surface runoff is weakened, the stability of the slope bank is improved, the acting time of soil stabilization and slope protection can be compressed, the soil stabilization and slope protection effect can be realized in an instant manner, the root system is gradually developed along with the growth of the shrubs, the stability of the slope bank can be further enhanced when the plants grow to be mature and complete, the water and soil loss is avoided, the landscape effect is improved, and the environment is beautified.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ecological slope protection method by using cuttage shrub mats and an ecological slope, belonging to the technical field of environmental protection.
Background
The slope plays roles of relieving surface runoff scouring, filtering rainwater pollutants, providing a biological habitat, regulating the microclimate of the water bank and the like in the ecological environment, and the important premise that the slope plays the effects is the stability of the slope. For the bank with a large slope ratio, the degree of influence of the gravity of the slope soil is large, and in rainy days, the slope soil is washed by rainwater and surface runoff, so that landslide can often occur, the environment is further damaged, and even disasters are caused.
At present, the slope protection technique commonly used is for building the stereoplasm bank or planting green slope protection on the bank, and although two kinds of techniques can both avoid the landslide phenomenon to a certain extent, all have technical defect, wherein, the technical defect that the building stereoplasm bank exists includes: (1) Not only can the environmental microclimate not be adjusted, but also the accumulation of surface heat can be aggravated, so that the temperature of the small environment is increased, and the effect is particularly obvious in summer; (2) The biological habitat is damaged, so that the ecological system is broken, and the aim of improving the human living environment cannot be fulfilled; (3) Concrete or cement mortar is usually adopted for fixing the block stone in the construction operation of the hard slope, additives with different dosages are added into the concrete, and the additives can generate chemical reaction in water to generate adverse effect on water resources; (4) The non-point source pollution can not be filtered, and the rainwater carries peripheral pollutants to flow into the river channel together, thereby polluting water resources. Technical defects existing in planting green plants on the slope include: (1) In the early stage of green planting, the root system is not extended and cannot effectively solidify surrounding soil, but the self weight of the slope can be increased, the slope protection effect is limited in the period before the root system is effectively extended, and the hidden troubles of soil loss and landslide still exist in rainy days; (2) The green plants close to the river channel area are easy to be washed by river water in the time period when the water flow moves frequently or strongly, the green plants are prone to lodging, the root systems are exposed, the soil at the bottom is lost and the like, and the aim of slope protection of the river channel area cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the cuttage shrub pad ecological slope protection method and the ecological slope, which have good soil fixation and slope protection effects and can effectively avoid water and soil loss of the slope.
The technical scheme for realizing the aim is as follows: the cuttage shrub pad ecological slope protection method is characterized in that shrubs are planted on a slope (a related area) in a cuttage mode, and the shrubs are pressed down on the slope in the upward slope direction of the slope and are fixed, and usually, the shrubs can be fully paved on the slope.
Preferably, the shrubs can be planted obliquely towards the ascending direction of the slope bank (for example, the included angle between the shrubs and the slope surface in the ascending direction is 45-60 degrees after planting), and can also be planted perpendicularly to the slope surface of the slope bank.
Preferably, the shrubs are distributed on the slope in a plurality of rows in the transverse direction (the same direction as the water flow direction), and the shrubs of adjacent rows on the slope are partially stacked, namely after the shrubs of adjacent rows are pressed on the slope, the top of the shrub of the lower row in the longitudinal direction of the slope (the direction perpendicular to the water flow direction) is pressed on the bottom of the shrub of the upper row.
Preferably, the distance between the shrubs in each row is the same, and the distance between the shrubs in adjacent rows is smaller than the height of the shrubs.
Preferably, shrubs in the same row are planted closely, and a space required for growth is reserved between adjacent shrubs.
Preferably, the shrubs are pressed down and fixed on the slope bank through multiple rows of shrub pressing wooden piles horizontally laid on the slope bank.
Preferably, the distance between the various row of the shrub pressing timber piles is the same, and the distance between the adjacent row of the shrub pressing timber piles is smaller than the height of shrubs.
Furthermore, the same irrigation and drainage wood is pressed down and fixed on the sloping bank through a plurality of rows of shrub pressing wood piles.
Preferably, each row of shrub-shaped press-down timber piles is fixed on the slope bank through a row of positioning timber piles transversely inserted into the slope bank, and the positioning timber piles are located at the downslope of the shrub-shaped press-down timber piles and tightly attached to the shrub-shaped press-down timber piles.
Preferably, the positioning wooden piles are inserted into the slope bank perpendicular to the slope face of the slope bank, and the top ends of the positioning wooden piles protrude out of the slope face of the slope bank.
Preferably, a groove is dug in the horizontal direction at the land-water junction of the slope bank, a row of plant branch bundles are laid in the groove in the horizontal direction, the plant branch bundles are formed by binding dead branches and live branches with branch buds, the live branches are located above the dead branches, the plant branch bundles protrude upwards out of the groove, planting soil is filled in the groove, and shrubs are planted on the slope bank at the upward slope of the groove.
Preferably, the height of the longitudinal center line of the rebate of the groove (the center line of the rebate in the longitudinal direction on the slope) is the same as the height of the normal water level (the normal water level of the body of water on the downhill side of the slope, such as the normal water level of a river or lake), i.e. the longitudinal center line of the rebate of the groove is in the same horizontal plane as the normal water level.
Preferably, two ends of each plant branch bundle are fixed in the groove through branch bundle fixing wood piles inserted into the bottom of the groove, and the branch bundle fixing wood piles are inserted into the plant branch bundles.
Preferably, an anti-scouring layer is laid at the bank bottom of the downhill of the groove close to the groove, and the anti-scouring layer is formed by uniformly mixing and laying cobblestones and broken stones.
Preferably, the shore bottom on which the erosion-resistant layer is laid is tamped or not tamped with foundation soil.
The method comprises the following steps of cutting a shrub pad ecological slope, planting shrubs on the slope, pressing down the shrubs on the slope in the upward slope direction of the slope and fixing the shrubs, and paving the slope with the shrubs.
Preferably, a plurality of rows of shrub pressing wooden piles are horizontally arranged on the slope bank along the transverse direction, and the shrub pressing wooden piles press the shrubs.
Preferably, a row of positioning wooden piles inserted into the slope bank are arranged at the downslope of each row of shrub pressing wooden piles, the top ends of the positioning wooden piles protrude out of the slope surface of the slope bank, and the positioning wooden piles are arranged close to the shrub pressing wooden piles.
Preferably, a groove is transversely formed in the land-water junction of the slope bank, a row of plant branch bundles are transversely laid in the groove and are formed by bundling dead branches and live branches with branch buds, the live branches are located above the dead branches, the plant branch bundles protrude upwards out of the groove, planting soil is filled in the groove, and the shrubs are planted on the slope bank on the upper slope of the groove.
Preferably, an anti-scouring layer is laid at the bank bottom of the downhill of the groove close to the groove, and the anti-scouring layer is formed by uniformly mixing and laying cobblestones and broken stones.
Preferably, the slope ratio of the slope bank is not less than 1.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The method is characterized in that the shrub is paved on the slope, namely a protective layer is added on the slope of the slope, the trunk, the stem and the leaves of the shrub are attached to the slope and fixed through wood piles, the whole structure is stable, the slope soil can be effectively stabilized, the erosion of the slope caused by rainwater and surface runoff is weakened, the stability of the slope is improved, the onset time of soil stabilization and slope protection can be compressed, the soil stabilization and slope protection effect is realized, the root system is gradually developed along with the growth of the shrub (the shrub has a strong sprouting characteristic), the stability of the slope can be further enhanced when the shrub grows to be a mature and complete plant, the water and soil loss is avoided, the landscape effect is improved, and the environment is beautified;
(2) Shrubs pressed down on the slope can effectively block rainwater and pollutants carried by surface runoff, absorb dissolved substances in non-point source pollution, reduce or avoid pollution to downstream water, and enhance the self-purification and decontamination capability of the riverway;
(3) The wooden piles (positioning wooden piles) inserted into the slope can play a role in anchoring the slope body of the slope, weaken the scouring force of water flow (rivers, rainwater, surface runoff and the like) on the slope, enhance the stability of the slope and improve the effect of soil stabilization and slope protection;
(4) The wooden piles are degradable environment-friendly materials, and can be gradually rotten and degraded along with the lapse of time, and finally become fertilizer to moisten the slope soil for plants to absorb, so that the growth of the plants is promoted, the long-term soil stabilization and slope protection effects are realized, and the environment is not polluted;
(5) The arrangement of the plant branch bundles in the grooves can effectively weaken the washing of a water system on the slope bottom of the slope bank, play a role in fixing soil on the slope bottom or slope toe of the slope bank, improve the overall landscape effect of the slope bank after the living branches grow, beautify the environment and realize the reutilization of garden wastes (such as dead branches);
(6) The ecological slope can adjust the small climate of a local area (a waterfront area), and particularly can effectively reduce the temperature of the local area through the transpiration and respiration of green plants in summer;
(7) The overall structure of the ecological slope forms spaces with different forms, can provide suitable living environment for various organisms, enriches the diversity of the organisms and is beneficial to promoting the recovery of the regional ecological environment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional structural view of an embodiment of an ecological bank of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses an ecological slope protection method by using a cutting shrub pad. When shrubs are planted, the shrubs can be planted in an inclined mode towards the ascending direction of the slope bank, for example, the included angle between the planted shrubs and the slope surface in the ascending direction is 45-60 degrees, the shrubs can be conveniently pressed down towards the ascending direction of the slope bank, and the shrubs are prevented from being broken in the pressing down process. Shrubs can also be planted perpendicular to the slope of the slope.
Generally, the shrubs are planted in a piece in the area concerned on the slope bank, and the planted piece area is paved, so that the shrubs are paved on the corresponding slope bank to form a shrub mat.
The shrub is preferably made of the salix mongolica, so that the salix mongolica is vigorous in vitality and easy to survive; the branches have good flexibility and are convenient to be pressed down on the slope bank; after the plant grows mature, the root system is developed, and the soil stabilization and slope protection are facilitated. The shrub can also be other shrubs which have strong flexibility and are easy to survive.
The shrubs are preferably distributed on the slope along a plurality of rows in the transverse direction (the direction which is the same as the water flow direction or is parallel to the water flow direction), the shrubs in the same row are planted in a close manner, a required spacing for growth is reserved between every two adjacent shrubs, the spacing between every two adjacent shrubs is preferably the same, and the spacing between every two adjacent shrubs is smaller than the height of the shrubs, so that the shrubs in the adjacent rows which are pressed down on the slope can be partially stacked, namely after the shrubs in the adjacent rows are pressed down on the slope, the tops of the shrubs in the lower row along the longitudinal direction of the slope (the direction which is vertical to the water flow direction or is vertical to the water flow direction) are pressed on the bottoms of the shrubs in the upper row, so that the shrubs can be fully paved on the slope, and no gap is reserved in the longitudinal direction.
The shrubs are preferably pressed down and fixed on the slope bank through multiple rows of shrub pressing wooden piles horizontally placed on the slope bank, so that the lodging effect of the shrubs is guaranteed, at least part or most of stems, diameters and leaves of the shrubs are close to or contact the slope surface of the slope bank, the lodging degree is suitable for the lodging/bending characteristics and the lodging ability of the shrubs, and the lodging is not realized in a mode of breaking the stems or damaging the root systems.
The distance between every two rows of shrub-pressed timber piles is preferably the same, and the distance between every two adjacent rows of shrub-pressed timber piles is smaller than the height of the shrub, so that at least one row of shrub-pressed timber piles is pressed on each row of shrubs, and the shrub-pressed timber piles are guaranteed to be in a lodging state. The same row of shrubs are preferably pressed down and fixed on the slope bank through a plurality of rows (for example, 5-10 rows) of shrub pressing-down wooden piles, so that the trunk, the diameter and the leaves of the shrubs are in full contact with the slope surface of the slope bank, pollutants carried by rainwater and surface runoff are effectively blocked, dissolved substances in non-point source pollution are absorbed, pollution to downstream water bodies is reduced or avoided, and the purification and decontamination capacity of the river channel (including the slope bank) is enhanced.
The adjacent ends of two adjacent shrub over wooden piles in the same row can be in staggered lap joint and are bound through steel wires (galvanized steel wires) to realize the relative fixation of the two shrub over wooden piles.
And each row of shrub-pressed timber piles is preferably fixed on the slope bank through a row of positioning timber piles transversely inserted into the slope bank, the positioning timber piles are positioned at the downhill of the shrub-pressed timber piles and tightly attached to the shrub-pressed timber piles, the top ends of the positioning timber piles protrude out of the slope surface of the slope bank and abut against the shrub-pressed timber piles from the downhill direction of the shrub-pressed timber piles, so that the shrub-pressed timber piles are fixed on the slope bank and prevented from rolling down along the slope surface.
The positioning wooden piles are preferably perpendicular to the slope surface of the slope bank and inserted into the slope bank, so that the anchoring effect on the slope bank can be achieved, the scouring force of water flow (rivers, rainwater, surface runoff and the like) on the slope bank is weakened, the stability of the slope bank is enhanced, and the soil-fixing and slope-protecting effects are improved. The top end of the positioning timber pile is preferably flush with the top surface of the shrub-pressed timber pile, so that the slope surface structure of the slope is regular and attractive and is not obtrusive.
The distance between adjacent positioning wooden piles in the same row is preferably the same, and the distance between adjacent positioning wooden piles is smaller than the length of the shrub pressed wooden pile, so that not less than two positioning wooden piles are abutted and fixed on each shrub pressed wooden pile, and the fixing effect of the shrub pressed wooden piles is guaranteed. The positioning wooden pile and the shrub pressing wooden pile can be bound through steel wires (galvanized steel wires), and the fixing effect between the positioning wooden pile and the shrub pressing wooden pile is further guaranteed. The bottom end of the positioning wooden pile can be sharpened, so that the positioning wooden pile can be conveniently inserted into the slope.
Preferably, a groove is dug in the horizontal direction at the land-water junction of the slope, a row of plant branch bundles are laid in the groove in the horizontal direction, the plant branch bundles are formed by binding dead branches and live branches with branch buds (the live branches can be bound by galvanized steel wires), the live branches are located above the dead branches, the overall diameter of the plant branch bundles is larger than the depth of the groove, the plant branch bundles protrude out of the groove upwards, planting soil is backfilled in the groove, and shrubs are planted on the slope bank at the uphill side of the groove. The arrangement of the plant branch bundle can effectively weaken the washing of a water system to the slope bottom of the slope bank, play a role in fixing soil to the slope bottom or slope toe of the slope bank, improve the overall landscape effect of the slope bank after the live branches grow, beautify the environment and realize the reutilization of garden waste (such as dead branches). The groove is mainly used for placing and fixing the plant branch bundle.
The dead branches and the live branches of the plant branch bundle are preferably willow branches, so that the vitality is vigorous, the growth speed is high, and the materials are convenient to obtain. The overall diameter of the plant branch bundle is preferably not less than 300mm, and the depth of the groove is preferably half of the overall diameter of the plant branch bundle. The dead branches and the live branches of the plant branch bundle can also adopt other plant branches which are suitable for amphibious growth and easy to survive.
The height of the longitudinal center line of the notch of the groove (the center line of the notch along the longitudinal direction on the slope) is preferably the same as the height of the normal water level (the normal water level of the water body at the downhill of the slope bank, such as the normal water level of a river or a lake), namely, the longitudinal center line of the notch of the groove and the normal water level are in the same horizontal plane, so that the plant branch bundle can effectively weaken the washing of the water system on the slope bottom of the slope bank, and water can be always present in the groove when the water level of the water body is not lower than the normal water level, and the growth of plants (living branches) is promoted.
The two ends of each plant branch bundle are preferably fixed in the groove through branch bundle fixing wooden piles inserted into the bottom of the groove, and the branch bundle fixing wooden piles are inserted into the plant branch bundles. The two ends of each plant branch bundle can be respectively inserted with one branch bundle fixing wood pile, and the projections of the two branch bundle fixing wood piles at the two ends of the same plant branch bundle in the vertical plane are crossed; or a group of branch bundle fixing wood piles can be respectively inserted into two ends of each plant branch bundle, each group of branch bundle fixing wood piles comprises two branch bundle fixing wood piles, and the two branch bundle fixing wood piles in the same group are tightly attached and crossed to ensure the fixing effect of the plant branch bundles in the grooves. The adjacent ends of two adjacent plant branch bundles can be transversely spliced together and fixed through one or a group of branch bundle fixing wooden piles at the splicing part. The bottom end of the branch bundle fixing wood pile can be sharpened, and is convenient to insert into the groove bottom of the groove.
An anti-scouring layer is preferably laid at the bank bottom of the downhill of the groove close to the groove, so that rainwater and surface runoff are prevented from scouring the river bottom (particularly when the water body is at a low water level) to cause the bottom of the slope bank to slide. The scour prevention layer is laid by cobblestone and rubble homogeneous mixing and forms, the particle diameter of cobblestone is 50-100mm, the particle diameter of rubble is 20-40mm, the cobblestone with the preferred 4 of the mixture ratio of rubble, the preferred 300mm of highly laying on scour prevention layer, the scour prevention layer can be followed 3-5m extends to the river course in the bank bottom of the downhill path of slot.
Lay whether there is water in the river course when can be according to the construction at the bottom of the bank on scour prevention layer, carry out or do not carry out the foundation soil tamp, usually, if anhydrous (when the water is in the low water level) in the river course during the construction, then carry out the foundation soil tamp, if there is water in the river course during the construction, then do not carry out the foundation soil tamp.
The cuttage wood-pad ecological slope protection method is particularly suitable for soil stabilization slope protection of slope banks with the slope ratio not less than 1.
The preferable implementation steps of the cutting shrub pad ecological slope protection method are as follows (taking river bank as an example):
(1) Constructing a river bottom, namely tamping foundation soil at the bottom end of a slope bank (river bed) extending 3m into the river channel (if the river channel contains water, the step is omitted);
(2) Paving an anti-scouring layer on the tamped bank bottom by adopting cobblestones and broken stones which are uniformly mixed according to the proportion of 4;
(3) Along the height of the normal water level of the water body, a groove with the width of 400mm and the depth of 200mm is transversely dug at the land-water junction of the slope (the height of the longitudinal central line of the notch is the same as the height of the normal water level);
(4) Transversely placing a row of plant branch bundles (willow branch bundles) with the length of 4m and the integral diameter of not less than 300mm in the groove, then filling planting soil into the groove for burying, wherein the plant branch bundles are formed by bundling dead branches and live branches with buds, the dead branches are below, and the live branches are above;
(5) After the plant branch bundles are buried, fixing two branch bundle fixing wooden piles which are tightly attached and crossed and inserted into the bottom of the groove at two ends of each plant branch bundle, wherein the length of each branch bundle fixing wooden pile is 1.5m, the diameter of each branch bundle fixing wooden pile is 80mm, and the bottom end of each branch bundle fixing wooden pile is sharpened;
(6) Planting first rows of monster willows (the ground diameter is 10-20mm, the length is 3 m) on the bank slope close to the plant branch bundles at the upward slope of the plant branch bundles along the transverse direction, and planting the monster willows obliquely towards the upward slope direction of the slope bank;
(7) The method comprises the following steps of (1) knocking a first row of strange willows on a slope in the ascending direction of the slope, pressing the bottom (or the root) of the first row of strange willows by using a first row of shrub pressing wooden piles horizontally placed on the slope, wherein the length of each shrub pressing wooden pile is 4m, the diameter of each shrub pressing wooden pile is 70mm, two adjacent ends of each two adjacent shrub pressing wooden piles are closely attached and overlapped, the overlapping length of each shrub pressing wooden pile is 300mm, and the overlapping positions are bound and fixed by galvanized steel wires with the diameter of 1.5 mm;
(8) Tightly attaching shrubs to the slope bank at the downhill position of the first row of shrub-pressed timber piles, inserting the first row of positioning timber piles into the slope vertically, abutting the first row of shrub-pressed timber piles from the downhill direction, binding and fixing the abutted positions by galvanized steel wires which are directly 1.5mm, wherein the length of each positioning timber pile is 1m, the diameter of each positioning timber pile is 50mm, the bottom end of each positioning timber pile is sharpened, and the distance between every two adjacent positioning timber piles is 800mm;
(9) Placing a row of shrub pressing timber piles pressed on the wicker barks at intervals of 0.5m in the ascending direction of the first row of shrub pressing timber piles, and fixing the downslope of each row of shrub pressing timber piles by using a row of positioning timber piles until the first row of wicker barks are all pressed;
(10) Planting a second row of multi-branch willows (the length is 3 m) on a slope bank at the position 2.5m away from the upward slope of the first row of multi-branch willows, adopting multiple rows of shrub pressing wood piles to press the second row of multi-branch willows according to the steps (7) - (9), fixing each row of bush pressing wood piles by adopting a row of positioning wood piles, and after the second row of multi-branch willows are knocked down, forming 0.5m stacking intersection between the bottom of the second row of multi-branch willows and the top of the first row of multi-branch willows;
(11) And (5) planting a third row and each row of the odd willows upwards on the slope bank according to the step (10) until the slope bank is fully paved with the odd willows, and pressing down the wooden piles with shrubs and fixing the wooden piles with positioning wooden piles.
In the implementation steps, the strange willows can be planted from the top of the slope to the bottom in a row-by-row mode, and are fixed by shrub inverted wood piles and positioning wood piles, or after the strange willows are fully planted on the slope (planted in a row-by-row mode), the strange willows can be planted in a row-by-row mode from top to bottom or from bottom to top, and are fixed by the shrub inverted wood piles and the positioning wood piles.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the invention also discloses a cuttage shrub pad ecological slope, which is suitable for the cuttage shrub pad ecological slope protection method, shrubs 2 are planted on a slope 1, the shrubs are pressed down on the slope in the upward slope direction of the slope and are fixed, and the shrubs are paved on the slope to form a shrub pad.
The shrubs are preferably distributed on the slope along multiple transverse rows, the shrubs in the same row are planted in a close fit manner, a space required for growth is reserved between every two adjacent shrubs, the space between every two adjacent shrubs is preferably the same, and the space between every two adjacent shrubs is smaller than the height of the shrubs, so that the shrubs in the adjacent rows pressed on the slope can be partially stacked, namely after the shrubs in the adjacent rows are pressed on the slope, the tops of the shrubs in the lower row in the longitudinal direction of the slope are pressed on the bottoms of the shrubs in the upper row.
A plurality of rows of shrub pressing wooden piles 3 are preferably horizontally arranged on the slope bank along the transverse direction, and the shrub pressing wooden piles are pressed on the shrubs. The distance between the shrub-pressed timber piles of each row is preferably the same, and the distance between the shrub-pressed timber piles of adjacent rows is smaller than the height of the shrub.
Preferably, a row of positioning wooden piles 4 inserted into the slope are arranged at the downslope of each row of shrub pressing wooden piles, the top ends of the positioning wooden piles protrude out of the slope, the positioning wooden piles are arranged in a manner of being tightly attached to the shrub pressing wooden piles, the shrub pressing wooden piles are propped against the shrub pressing wooden piles from the downslope direction of the shrub pressing wooden piles, the shrub pressing wooden piles are fixed on the slope, and the shrub pressing wooden piles are prevented from rolling down along the slope. The distance between adjacent positioning wooden piles in the same row is preferably the same, and the distance between adjacent positioning wooden piles is smaller than the length of the shrub toppled wooden pile.
A groove 5 is preferably transversely formed in the land-water junction of the slope, a row of plant branch bundles 6 are transversely laid in the groove, the plant branch bundles are formed by binding dry branches and live branches with branch buds, the live branches are located above the dry branches, the plant branch bundles upwards protrude out of the groove, planting soil is backfilled in the groove, and shrubs are planted on the slope bank at the upward slope of the groove.
The height of the longitudinal center line of the rebate of the groove (center line of the rebate in the longitudinal direction on the slope) is preferably the same as the height of the normal water level (the normal water level of the body of water on the downslope of the slope, e.g. the normal water level of a river or lake), i.e. the longitudinal center line of the rebate of the groove is in the same horizontal plane as the normal water level.
The two ends of each plant branch bundle are preferably fixed in the groove through branch bundle fixing wooden piles 7 inserted into the bottom of the groove, and the branch bundle fixing wooden piles are inserted into the plant branch bundles.
The bank bottom of the downhill part of the groove is preferably close to the groove, and an anti-scouring layer 8 is laid on the bank bottom, and is formed by uniformly mixing and laying cobblestones and broken stones. Lay whether there is water in the river course when can be according to the construction at the bottom of the bank on scour prevention layer, carry out or do not carry out the foundation soil tamp, usually, if anhydrous (when the water is in the low water level) in the river course during the construction, then carry out the foundation soil tamp, if there is water in the river course during the construction, then do not carry out the foundation soil tamp.
The slope ratio of the slope is preferably not less than 1.
The technical means disclosed by the invention can be combined arbitrarily to form a plurality of different technical schemes except for special description and the further limitation that one technical means is another technical means.
Claims (10)
1. The cuttage shrub pad ecological slope protection method is characterized in that shrubs are planted on a slope bank, and the shrubs are pressed down on the slope bank towards the upward slope direction of the slope bank and fixed, so that the shrubs are fully paved on the slope bank.
2. The method of ecological slope protection with cutting shrub mats as claimed in claim 1, wherein shrubs are distributed on the slope along a plurality of transverse rows, and adjacent rows of shrubs on the slope are partially stacked.
3. The ecological slope protection method by using cutting shrub mats as claimed in claim 1, wherein shrubs are fixed on the slope by means of multiple rows of shrub-pressing piles horizontally laid on the slope.
4. The ecological slope protection method using cutting shrub mats as claimed in claim 3, wherein each row of shrub inverted wood piles is fixed on the bank by a row of spacer wood piles inserted into the bank in a transverse direction, the spacer wood piles being located at a downward slope of the shrub inverted wood piles and abutting against the shrub inverted wood piles.
5. The method for ecological slope protection through cutting shrub pads as claimed in claim 1, wherein a groove is dug in the transverse direction at the land-water junction of the slope, a row of plant branch bundles are laid in the transverse direction in the groove, the plant branch bundles are bundled by dead branches and live branches with branch buds, the live branches are located above the dead branches, the plant branch bundles protrude upwards out of the groove, planting soil is filled in the groove, and shrubs are planted on the slope at the uphill side of the groove.
6. The ecological slope protection method with cuttage shrub mats as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that two ends of each plant branch bundle are fixed in the groove through branch bundle fixing wooden piles inserted into the bottom of the groove.
7. The cuttage shrub pad ecological slope is characterized in that shrubs are planted on the slope and are pressed down on the slope in the upward slope direction of the slope and fixed.
8. The cutting shrub mat ecological slope as claimed in claim 7, wherein a plurality of rows of shrub-pressing piles are horizontally laid on the slope in a transverse direction, and the shrub-pressing piles are pressed against the shrubs.
9. The cutting shrub pad ecological slope as claimed in claim 8, wherein a row of positioning wooden piles inserted into the slope is arranged at the downslope of each row of shrub inverted wooden piles, the top ends of the positioning wooden piles protrude out of the slope surface of the slope, and the positioning wooden piles are arranged close to the shrub inverted wooden piles.
10. The cutting shrub pad ecological slope as claimed in claim 7, wherein a groove is transversely formed at the land and water boundary of the slope, a row of plant branch bundles are transversely laid in the groove, the plant branch bundles are formed by bundling dry branches and live branches with branch buds, the live branches are located above the dry branches, the plant branch bundles protrude upwards out of the groove, planting soil is filled in the groove, and shrubs are planted on the slope at the upward slope of the groove.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111042054A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-21 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Self-healing type ecological revetment with firewood bundle protection pads |
| CN211735264U (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-10-23 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Ecological water system revetment for sponge city construction |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111042054A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-04-21 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Self-healing type ecological revetment with firewood bundle protection pads |
| CN211735264U (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2020-10-23 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Ecological water system revetment for sponge city construction |
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