CN115386389B - Coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system and process - Google Patents
Coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN115386389B CN115386389B CN202211162619.3A CN202211162619A CN115386389B CN 115386389 B CN115386389 B CN 115386389B CN 202211162619 A CN202211162619 A CN 202211162619A CN 115386389 B CN115386389 B CN 115386389B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 177
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 181
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 36
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 23
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003250 coal slurry Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010344 co-firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B39/00—Cooling or quenching coke
- C10B39/02—Dry cooling outside the oven
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of coal chemical industry, and discloses a coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system and a process. The coupling system comprises a clean coal bin, a coal slime bin, a pyrolysis and separation system, a coal-fired power generation system and a dry coke quenching device, wherein the pyrolysis and separation system comprises a pyrolysis device, a semicoke separation device and a desorption gas separation device, the coal-fired power generation system comprises a boiler, the boiler is respectively connected with the semicoke separation device, the desorption gas separation device and the coal slime bin, so that semicoke, desorption gas and coal slime can be combusted in the boiler to generate power, and the dry coke quenching device is arranged between the semicoke separation device and the boiler and is used for cooling the semicoke. The process comprises the steps of pyrolyzing clean coal, separating pyrolysis products to obtain semicoke and pyrolysis gas, carrying out dry quenching treatment on the semicoke, and removing hydrogen in the pyrolysis gas to obtain desorption gas; and finally, delivering the semicoke, the coal slime and the desorption gas into a boiler for combustion to realize power generation. The invention couples pyrolysis and power generation, which not only improves the combustion efficiency of semicoke, but also improves the resource utilization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal chemical industry, in particular to a coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system and a process.
Background
The coal resources in China are rich, and the reasonable utilization of the coal resources is one of important links of a coal industry chain. The coal pyrolysis technology is an important way for high-efficiency and clean utilization of coal resources, and semicoke, coal tar, desorption gas and other products produced by pyrolysis can be respectively used in different fields, so that the quality-classifying utilization of coal is realized.
The prior art uses semicoke generated by pyrolysis of coal for power generation by blending combustion to replace traditional coal power generation, thereby achieving the purpose of fully utilizing coal resources and realizing the coupling of coal pyrolysis industry and electric power industry. However, the semicoke has low volatile content, insufficient combustion and insufficient combustion efficiency, and the problem of insufficient power generation efficiency still exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system and a process.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system comprising:
a clean coal bin and a coal slime bin;
the pyrolysis and separation system comprises a pyrolysis device for pyrolyzing the clean coal, a semicoke separation device for separating semicoke from pyrolysis products, a pyrolysis gas separation device for separating pyrolysis gas from pyrolysis products, and a desorption gas separation device for separating hydrogen from pyrolysis gas products;
the coal-fired power generation system comprises a boiler, wherein the boiler comprises a semicoke inlet, a desorption gas inlet and a coal slime inlet, the semicoke inlet is connected with the semicoke separation device, the desorption gas inlet is connected with the desorption gas separation device, the coal slime inlet is connected with the coal slime storage bin, and the boiler is used for enabling the semicoke, the desorption gas and the coal slime to be combusted together for power generation; the coupling system further comprises a dry quenching device, wherein the dry quenching device is arranged between the semicoke separating device and the boiler and is used for cooling the semicoke.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the coupling system further includes a semicoke pulverizing device disposed between the dry quenching device and the boiler, for pulverizing the cooled semicoke into powder.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a gas inlet of the dry quenching device is communicated with a desorption gas outlet of the desorption gas separation device to cool the semicoke by the desorption gas; and a gas outlet of the dry quenching device is communicated with a desorption gas inlet of the boiler so as to introduce the desorption gas after cooling the semicoke into the boiler.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a gas inlet of the dry quenching device is communicated with a desorption gas outlet of the desorption gas separation device to cool the semicoke by the desorption gas; the coal slime storage bin is connected with a coal slime drying device, and a gas outlet of the dry quenching device is communicated with the coal slime drying device so as to dry the coal slime through desorption gas after semicoke is cooled.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the coal-fired power generation system further includes a water supply line for supplying water required for producing steam; the dry quenching device comprises a heat exchange device which is communicated with a water supply pipeline, and the heat exchange device is used for transferring the heat of semicoke in the dry quenching process to water in the water supply pipeline so as to enable the water to be preheated in advance.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the coal slurry storage bin is connected with a coal slurry pulverizing device for preparing the coal slurry into coal slurry powder; the semicoke outlet of the semicoke separation device is communicated with the semicoke inlet of the boiler through a semicoke conveying pipeline, the coal slime powder outlet of the coal slime powder preparation device is communicated with the coal slime inlet of the boiler through a coal slime conveying pipeline, the desorption gas outlet of the desorption gas separation device is communicated with the desorption gas inlet of the boiler through a desorption gas conveying pipeline, the desorption gas conveying pipeline is communicated with the semicoke conveying pipeline so that the desorption gas blows the separated coke powder into the boiler, and/or the desorption gas conveying pipeline is communicated with the coal slime conveying pipeline so that the desorption gas blows the crushed coal slime powder into the boiler.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a coal pyrolysis power generation coupling process, including:
washing raw coal to obtain clean coal and coal slime;
pyrolysis is carried out on clean coal, pyrolysis products are separated to obtain semicoke and pyrolysis gas, and hydrogen in the pyrolysis gas is removed to obtain desorption gas;
cooling the semicoke through a dry quenching process;
delivering the cooled semicoke, coal slime and desorption gas into a boiler for combustion so as to realize power generation.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the process further comprises: when the dry quenching process is adopted, the desorption gas is utilized to cool the semicoke, the desorption gas after heat exchange is sent into a boiler for combustion, and/or the desorption gas after heat exchange is utilized to dry the coal slime.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the process further comprises: when the dry quenching process is adopted, the desorption gas is utilized to cool the semicoke; and collecting heat in the dry quenching process, preheating water in the combustion power generation process by using the heat, and then heating the preheated water into water vapor through boiler combustion.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the process further comprises: and pulverizing the semicoke and the coal slime, and blowing the semicoke and/or the coal slime into the boiler by utilizing the desorption gas.
The invention efficiently couples the modern coal chemical coal quality-dividing pyrolysis process and the traditional coal-fired power generation technology, takes pyrolysis byproduct semicoke, desorption gas after non-conversion hydrogen extraction of pyrolysis gas and solid waste coal slime after raw coal screening as raw materials, and takes alternative fuel coal as energy supply raw materials for combustion power generation, and has the following advantages:
(1) The semicoke is used as a main energy supply raw material, has the characteristics of high heat value, low ash and low sulfur, has better environmental protection index and economy when being burnt on a power station boiler, reduces the temperature of a high-temperature semicoke product generated by pyrolysis of coal through a dry quenching process, and is sent to the boiler for combustion power generation, so that the coupling of pyrolysis and power generation is realized; (2) The pyrolysis gas products are fully utilized, and the problems of poorer combustion performance than raw coal, delayed combustion and reduced combustion efficiency caused by low semicoke volatile components can be effectively solved by using methane, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon gases and other high-activity components in the desorption gas obtained from the pyrolysis gas; (3) The coal slime is used as solid waste, and is mixed with semicoke to be used for combustion power generation, so that the recycling utilization of the waste is realized.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention as claimed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a first coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system.
In the figure: 1. a clean coal storage bin; 11. a clean coal drying device; 2. a coal slime storage bin; 20. a coal slurry conveying pipeline; 21. a coal slime drying device; 22. a coal slime pulverizing device; 3. a pyrolysis device; 41. a semicoke separating device; 42. a pyrolysis gas separation device; 43. a desorption gas separation device; 410. a semicoke conveying pipeline; 430. a disaggregation air delivery conduit; 5. a boiler; 6. a dry quenching device; 7. a semicoke pulverizing device; 8. and a water supply line.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be embodied in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted. Furthermore, the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of the present invention and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Although relative terms such as "upper" and "lower" are used in this specification to describe the relative relationship of one component of an icon to another component, these terms are used in this specification for convenience only, such as in terms of the orientation of the examples described in the figures. It will be appreciated that if the device of the icon is flipped upside down, the recited "up" component will become the "down" component. When a structure is "on" another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed with the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure through another structure.
The terms "a," "an," "the," "said" and "at least one" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements/components/etc.; the terms "comprising" and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. in addition to the listed elements/components/etc.; the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. are used merely as labels, and do not limit the number of their objects.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system, which comprises a clean coal warehouse 1, a coal slime warehouse 2, a pyrolysis and separation system, a coal power generation system and a dry coke quenching device 6, and is described with reference to fig. 1-2. The clean coal and the coal slime are two main products obtained by washing and selecting raw coal, the clean coal storage bin 1 is used for storing clean coal, and the coal slime storage bin 2 is used for storing coal slime. The pyrolysis and separation system comprises a pyrolysis device 3 for pyrolyzing clean coal, a semicoke separation device 41 for separating semicoke in pyrolysis products, a pyrolysis gas separation device 42 for separating pyrolysis gas in pyrolysis products, and a desorption gas separation device 43 for separating hydrogen in pyrolysis gas products. The coal-fired power generation system comprises a boiler 5, wherein the boiler 5 comprises a semicoke inlet, a desorption gas inlet and a coal slime inlet, the semicoke inlet is connected with a semicoke separation device 41, the desorption gas inlet is connected with a desorption gas separation device 43, the coal slime inlet is connected with a coal slime storage bin 2, and the boiler 5 is used for enabling semicoke, desorption gas and coal slime to be combusted together to generate power. The dry quenching device 6 is arranged between the semicoke separating device 41 and the boiler 5 and is used for cooling the semicoke and then sending the semicoke into the boiler.
In the embodiment, the semicoke is used as a main energy supply raw material, has the characteristics of high heat value, low ash and low sulfur, has better environmental protection index and economy when being burnt on a power station boiler, reduces the temperature of a high-temperature semicoke product generated by pyrolysis of coal through a dry quenching process, and is sent to the boiler for combustion power generation, so that the coupling of pyrolysis and power generation is realized. On the other hand, the gas products of pyrolysis are fully utilized, and the problems of poorer combustion performance, delayed combustion and reduced combustion efficiency caused by low semicoke volatile components can be effectively solved by using methane, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon gases and other high-activity components in the desorption gas obtained from the pyrolysis gas. In addition, the coal slime is used as solid waste, and is mixed with semicoke for combustion power generation, so that the recycling utilization of the waste is realized.
The coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system of the present embodiment is described in further detail below.
The clean coal in the invention is coal which is obtained by washing and selecting and then removing gangue and coal slime and can be used for pyrolysis, gasification and combustion power generation. The coal pyrolysis disclosed by the invention is a thermal conversion process that coal is heated to generate a physical-chemical reaction in a non-oxidizing atmosphere in a pyrolysis device 3 to form solid, gas and liquid products, and is a key step of coal thermal conversion processing. The raw coal for pyrolysis of the coal of the present invention is any coal type that can be pyrolyzed to produce semicoke, and may be, for example, brown coal, long flame coal, non-caking coal, weakly caking coal, or the like. The solid product is semicoke generated by pyrolysis of coal under the condition of low temperature (such as 500-900 ℃), the gas product is pyrolysis gas mainly comprising gases such as hydrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, carbon monoxide, nitrogen and the like, and the liquid is coal tar mainly comprising chain hydrocarbon and aromatic hydrocarbon.
The pyrolysis and separation system comprises a pyrolysis device 3, a semicoke separation device 41, a pyrolysis gas separation device 42 and a desorption gas separation device 43. Wherein the pyrolysis device 3 is used for providing a coal pyrolysis reaction place. The pyrolysis device 3 may employ a device conventionally used in any pyrolysis technology, such as an entrained flow pyrolysis technology, a fluidized bed pyrolysis technology, a fixed bed pyrolysis technology, and the like. After the pyrolysis reaction is finished, pyrolysis products in three forms including solid, liquid and gas are sent out together through a material outlet and enter a subsequent separation device.
The semicoke separating device 41 is used for separating the semicoke of the solid phase from the pyrolysis product. Generally, due to the higher pyrolysis reaction temperature of coal, the coal tar generated by pyrolysis is initially mixed with pyrolysis gas in a vapor state, i.e. the residual material after semicoke removal is a gas-liquid mixture. The semicoke separating device 41 may be any device capable of separating semicoke from pyrolysis products. In some embodiments, the carbocoal separator 41 employs a cyclone.
The pyrolysis gas separation unit 42 is used for separating coal tar from the gas-liquid mixture to obtain pure pyrolysis gas. The pyrolysis gas generally comprises a plurality of gases such as hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen and the like. Pyrolysis gas separation unit 42 may be any unit capable of separating coal tar from the gas phase. In some embodiments, the pyrolysis gas separation unit 42 employs a condenser or employs a filter bed.
The desorption gas separation device 43 is used for separating hydrogen in the pyrolysis gas product to obtain desorption gas. The hydrogen in the pyrolysis gas can be used as a main component of the synthesis gas for preparing chemicals, and can also be used for preparing oil products by hydrogenating coal tar. Therefore, the hydrogen is separated independently, and the residual desorption gas contains various gases such as methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen and the like, and the gases are used as fuel, so that the combustion efficiency of semicoke and coal slime can be improved. The stripping gas separation device 43 may be any device capable of separating hydrogen. In some embodiments, the stripping gas separation device 43 employs a pressure swing adsorption device.
Coal-fired power generation systems typically consist of combustion systems, electrical systems, and the like. The combustion system takes a boiler as a core, and heat energy generated by burning coal or semicoke is transferred to water so as to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam; the electrical system achieves the conversion of thermal energy, mechanical energy, to electrical energy from steam.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the boiler 5 includes a semicoke inlet, a stripping gas inlet and a slime inlet. The semicoke inlet of the boiler 5 is connected with the semicoke separating device 41, and semicoke separated by the semicoke separating device 41 enters the boiler 5 from the semicoke inlet. The desorption gas inlet is connected with a desorption gas separation device 43, and the desorption gas separated by the desorption gas separation device 43 enters the boiler 5 from the desorption gas inlet. The coal slime inlet is connected with the coal slime storage bin 2, and the coal slime of the coal slime storage bin 2 enters the boiler 5 from the coal slime inlet.
The semicoke inlet, the desorption gas inlet and the coal slurry inlet may be different inlets or the same inlet, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
In the embodiment of the invention, the dry quenching device 6 is arranged between the semicoke separating device 41 and the boiler 5, is a novel quenching process for cooling semicoke by directly contacting and exchanging heat with hot semicoke and circulated inert gas, and the corresponding device comprises a dry quenching furnace and inert gas circulating air.
Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, the carbocoal is cooled using a stripping gas instead of an inert gas. Since condensation processes are typically employed in separating coal tar from pyrolysis gases, the temperature of the pyrolysis gases and, thus, the stripping gas temperature has been reduced. Therefore, the dry quenching can be directly performed by using the cold desorption gas, so that the semicoke cooling can be realized, and the use of inert gas is saved. As shown, the gas inlet of the dry quenching device 6 communicates with the desorption gas outlet of the desorption gas separation device 42. The desorption gas enters the dry quenching furnace from the gas inlet of the dry quenching device 6 and directly contacts with the semicoke, so that the semicoke is cooled. The gas outlet of the dry quenching device 6 is communicated with the desorption gas inlet of the boiler 5, the temperature of the desorption gas rises in the dry quenching process, and the pyrolysis suction gas from the gas outlet of the dry quenching device 6 is directly communicated into the boiler 5, so that the furnace inlet temperature of fuel can be increased, the heating time is shortened, and the energy consumption of the boiler 5 is reduced. As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the desorption gas is divided into two paths, one path is used in the dry quenching process, and the other path is directly connected to the boiler 5, which is not described herein.
In this embodiment, the desorption gas heated by dry quenching can also be used for drying the coal slime. As shown in fig. 1, the coal slime storage bin 2 is connected with a coal slime drying device 21, a gas outlet of the dry quenching device 6 is communicated with the coal slime drying device 21, and the coal slime is dried by pyrolysis suction. In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, only a portion of the pyrolysis suction gas is used to dry the coal slurry, and the remaining pyrolysis suction gas is directly fed into the boiler 5 for co-firing. In other embodiments, the entire pyrolysis gas may also be used to dry the coal slurry before the stripping gas is recycled to the boiler.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2, the coupling system further comprises a semicoke powder making device 7, wherein the semicoke powder making device 7 is arranged between the dry quenching device 6 and the boiler 5 and is used for making the cooled semicoke into powder so as to enable the semicoke entering the boiler to burn to have a larger contact area, thereby enabling the burning to be more sufficient. The carbocoal pulverizing device 7 can adopt a coal mill and other equipment. Of course, in other embodiments, the dry quenching device 6 may also be used to process crushed or lump coke without pulverizing the semicoke.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2, the coal-fired power generation system further includes a water supply line 8, and the water supply line 8 is used to supply water required for steam production. The dry quenching device 6 comprises heat exchange equipment, wherein the heat exchange equipment can be a cooling coil arranged on the outer wall of the dry quenching furnace or a water cooling wall arranged on the side wall of the dry quenching furnace. The heat exchange equipment is communicated with the water supply pipeline 8, when water in the water supply pipeline 8 passes through the cooling coil pipe or the water cooling wall, heat of the coke dry quenching furnace is taken away to cool semicoke, water in the water supply pipeline 8 is preheated, and when water vapor is generated by combustion and heating of the boiler, the heating time can be shortened, and the heating efficiency is improved.
The boiler 5 of the present invention may be a pulverized coal furnace, a fluidized bed boiler, etc., and when the pulverized coal furnace is adopted, the particle size of the fuel to be burned in the furnace is required to be in a micron order, so that the semicoke pulverizing device 7 needs to make semicoke into a micron order. The coal slime storage bin 2 is also connected with a coal slime powder making device 22, and the coal slime powder making device 22 is used for preparing coal slime into coal slime powder so as to meet the requirements of a coal slime furnace. The powdery semicoke and the coal slime are mixed for burning, so that the contact area with air is large, the burning is more sufficient, and solid wastes such as ash residue carbon and the like are reduced. In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the pulverized coke and the pulverized coal may be blown into the boiler 5 from the same inlet by the conveying gas, that is, the semicoke inlet and the pulverized coal inlet are the same inlet.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the powdered coke and coal slurry fines are blown into the boiler 5 using a stripping gas instead of a conveying gas. As shown in fig. 1, the semicoke is transported through the semicoke transport duct 410, the desorption gas is transported through the desorption gas transport duct 430, and the coal slurry is transported through the coal slurry transport duct 20. The stripping gas delivery conduit 430 communicates with the semicoke delivery conduit 410, and the stripping gas delivery conduit 430 also communicates with the slime delivery conduit 20 so that stripping gas can blow coke breeze and slime breeze into the boiler 5. The desorption gas is used as the conveying gas of the coke breeze and the coal slime powder, so that the use of the conveying gas can be saved, the desorption gas is fully utilized, and the coal slime powder and the coke breeze can be further preheated after being heated in the dry quenching process.
Further, before the coke breeze and the coal slime powder are blown into the boiler 5, the coke breeze and the coal slime powder can be fully mixed in a mixer and then enter the boiler 5, so that the coke breeze, the coal slime powder and the desorption gas can be fully mixed in advance, and the combustion is more complete.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a coal pyrolysis power generation coupling process, which comprises the following steps:
step S100, washing raw coal to obtain clean coal and coal slime;
step S200, pyrolyzing clean coal, separating pyrolysis products to obtain semicoke and pyrolysis gas, and removing hydrogen in the pyrolysis gas to obtain desorption gas;
step S300, performing a dry quenching process to obtain half Jiao Jiangwen;
and step S400, delivering the cooled semicoke, coal slime and desorption gas into a boiler for combustion so as to realize power generation.
The coal pyrolysis power generation coupling process of the present embodiment is described in further detail below.
The washing in the above step S100 refers to a process of removing gangue or other impurities from coal. It is generally carried out by utilizing the difference of physical properties between coal and gangue and between coal slime, and separating coal from gangue and coal slime in media with different densities or characteristics. The cleaned coal and coal slime obtained by washing are usually dried in a drying device before further utilization.
In the step S200, the clean coal is first sent to the pyrolysis device 3 for pyrolysis of the coal, and after the pyrolysis reaction is finished, pyrolysis products including solid, liquid and gas enter the subsequent separation device. The semicoke of the solid phase is first separated from the pyrolysis product by a semicoke separation device 41. Next, the coal tar is separated from the gas-liquid mixture by the pyrolysis gas separation unit 42, and pure pyrolysis gas is obtained. Finally, the hydrogen in the pyrolysis gas product is separated out by a desorption gas separation device 43 to obtain desorption gas. The desorption gas contains various gases such as methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen and the like, and the gases are used as fuel, so that the combustion efficiency of semicoke and coal slime can be improved.
In the step S300, since the semicoke temperature separated by pyrolysis is high, it is difficult for the existing pipeline to directly transport the high-temperature semicoke into the boiler, and therefore, the semicoke needs to be cooled directly in advance, for example, by a dry quenching process. In this embodiment, the desorption gas is used to replace the inert gas to cool the semicoke. In the embodiment, the temperature of the desorption gas is raised after the dry quenching, and the desorption gas can be sent into a boiler for combustion or can be used for drying coal slime. Of course, it is also possible to enter the boiler partly and to dry the slime partly.
In a specific embodiment, the cooled semicoke can be prepared into powdered coke, namely semicoke powder with the particle size of microns, and the powdered coke can be used for various boiler types, such as a pulverized coal furnace, and can realize high-efficiency combustion due to the fact that the powdered coke has a relatively high contact area with oxygen. In this embodiment, the pulverized semicoke and/or slime can also be blown into the boiler by means of stripping gas, whereby the use of conveying gas can be reduced.
In the step S400, the principle of delivering semicoke, coal slime and desorption gas into the boiler for combustion and further achieving power generation is that fuel is combusted in the boiler to heat water into steam, the steam pressure pushes the steam turbine to rotate, and the steam turbine drives the generator to rotate, so that mechanical energy is converted into electric energy. Combustion power generation systems are typically comprised of combustion systems, electrical systems, and the like. The combustion system takes a boiler as a core, and burns coal or semicoke to generate heat energy to transfer water so as to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam; the electrical system achieves the conversion of thermal energy, mechanical energy, to electrical energy from steam.
In one embodiment, during dry quenching, the heat of the semicoke is collected, the heat is used to preheat the water during combustion power generation, and the preheated water is then heated to steam by boiler combustion. Specifically, a cooling coil is arranged on the outer wall of the dry quenching furnace of the dry quenching device 6, or the side wall of the dry quenching furnace is a water cooling wall. When water in the water supply pipeline 8 passes through the cooling coil pipe or the water cooling wall, heat of the dry quenching furnace is taken away to cool semicoke, and the water in the water supply pipeline 8 is preheated and then enters the boiler to be combusted and heated to generate water vapor.
The specific process of the above process may refer to the description of the coupling system, and will not be repeated here. The step numbers of the present invention are used for convenience of description only, and do not represent a limitation on the order of steps.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
Claims (6)
1. A coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system, comprising:
a clean coal bin and a coal slime bin;
the pyrolysis and separation system comprises a pyrolysis device for pyrolyzing the clean coal, a semicoke separation device for separating semicoke from pyrolysis products, a pyrolysis gas separation device for separating pyrolysis gas from pyrolysis products, and a desorption gas separation device for separating hydrogen from pyrolysis gas products;
the coal-fired power generation system comprises a boiler, wherein the boiler comprises a semicoke inlet, a desorption gas inlet and a coal slime inlet, the semicoke inlet is connected with the semicoke separation device, the desorption gas inlet is connected with the desorption gas separation device, the coal slime inlet is connected with the coal slime storage bin, and the boiler is used for enabling the semicoke, the desorption gas and the coal slime to be combusted together for power generation;
and the dry coke quenching device is arranged between the semicoke separating device and the boiler and is used for cooling the semicoke.
2. The coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system according to claim 1, wherein a gas inlet of the dry quenching device is communicated with a desorption gas outlet of the desorption gas separation device to cool the semicoke by the desorption gas;
and a gas outlet of the dry quenching device is communicated with a desorption gas inlet of the boiler so as to introduce the desorption gas after cooling the semicoke into the boiler.
3. The coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system according to claim 1, wherein a gas inlet of the dry quenching device is communicated with a desorption gas outlet of the desorption gas separation device to cool the semicoke by the desorption gas;
the coal slime storage bin is connected with a coal slime drying device, and a gas outlet of the dry quenching device is communicated with the coal slime drying device so as to dry the coal slime through desorption gas after semicoke is cooled.
4. The coal pyrolysis power coupling system of claim 1 further comprising a water supply line for providing water needed to produce steam; the dry quenching device comprises a heat exchange device which is communicated with a water supply pipeline, and the heat exchange device is used for transferring the heat of semicoke in the dry quenching process to water in the water supply pipeline so as to enable the water to be preheated in advance.
5. A coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein,
the coupling system further comprises a semicoke powder making device, wherein the semicoke powder making device is arranged between the dry quenching device and the boiler and is used for making the cooled semicoke into powder and then sending the powder into the boiler;
the desorption gas outlet of the desorption gas separation device is communicated with the desorption gas inlet of the boiler through a desorption gas conveying pipeline, and the desorption gas conveying pipeline is communicated with the semicoke conveying pipeline so that the desorption gas blows coke powder into the boiler.
6. The coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the coal slime storage bin is connected with a coal slime powder making device, and the coal slime powder making device is used for preparing the coal slime into coal slime powder; the coal slime powder outlet of the coal slime powder preparation device is communicated with the coal slime inlet of the boiler through a coal slime conveying pipeline, and the desorption gas conveying pipeline is communicated with the coal slime conveying pipeline, so that the desorption gas blows pulverized coal slime powder into the boiler.
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