CN115386389A - Coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system and process - Google Patents
Coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system and process Download PDFInfo
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- CN115386389A CN115386389A CN202211162619.3A CN202211162619A CN115386389A CN 115386389 A CN115386389 A CN 115386389A CN 202211162619 A CN202211162619 A CN 202211162619A CN 115386389 A CN115386389 A CN 115386389A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 180
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 193
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000003250 coal slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 23
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 8
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B39/00—Cooling or quenching coke
- C10B39/02—Dry cooling outside the oven
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of coal chemical industry and discloses a coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system and a coal pyrolysis power generation coupling process. The coupling system comprises a clean coal storage bin, a coal slime storage bin, a pyrolysis and separation system, a coal-fired power generation system and a dry quenching device, the pyrolysis and separation system comprises a pyrolysis device, a semicoke separation device and a desorption gas separation device, the coal-fired power generation system comprises a boiler, the boiler is respectively connected with the semicoke separation device, the desorption gas separation device and the coal slime storage bin, semicoke, desorption gas and coal slime can be combusted and generated in the boiler, and the dry quenching device is arranged between the semicoke separation device and the boiler and used for cooling the semicoke. The technological process comprises pyrolyzing clean coal, separating pyrolysis products to obtain semicoke and pyrolysis gas, carrying out dry quenching treatment on the semicoke, and removing hydrogen in the pyrolysis gas to obtain desorption gas; and finally, feeding the semicoke, the coal slime and the desorbed gas into a boiler for combustion to realize power generation. The invention couples pyrolysis and power generation, not only improves the burning efficiency of the semicoke, but also improves the resource utilization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal chemical industry, in particular to a coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system and a coal pyrolysis power generation coupling process.
Background
China has abundant coal resources, and the reasonable utilization of the coal resources is one of the important links of the coal industry chain. The coal pyrolysis technology is an important way for high-efficiency and clean utilization of coal resources, and products such as semicoke, coal tar and desorption gas generated by pyrolysis can be used in different fields respectively, so that coal quality-based utilization is realized.
At present, semicoke generated by coal pyrolysis is used for co-combustion power generation in the prior art to replace the traditional coal power generation, so that the aim of fully utilizing coal resources is fulfilled, and the coal pyrolysis industry and the power industry are coupled. However, due to the low content of the volatile components of the semicoke, the combustion is insufficient, and the problems of insufficient combustion efficiency and insufficient power generation efficiency still exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system and a coal pyrolysis power generation coupling process.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system, including:
a clean coal storage bin and a coal slime storage bin;
the pyrolysis and separation system comprises a pyrolysis device for pyrolyzing the clean coal, a semicoke separation device for separating semicoke from pyrolysis products, a pyrolysis gas separation device for separating pyrolysis gas from the pyrolysis products, and a desorption gas separation device for separating hydrogen from the pyrolysis gas products;
the coal-fired power generation system comprises a boiler, the boiler comprises a semicoke inlet, a desorption gas inlet and a coal slime inlet, the semicoke inlet is connected with the semicoke separation device, the desorption gas inlet is connected with the desorption gas separation device, the coal slime inlet is connected with the coal slime storage bin, and the boiler is used for enabling the semicoke, the desorption gas and the coal slime to be combusted together for power generation; the coupling system further comprises a dry quenching device, wherein the dry quenching device is arranged between the semicoke separation device and the boiler and used for cooling the semicoke.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the coupling system further comprises a semicoke pulverizing device, and the semicoke pulverizing device is arranged between the dry quenching device and the boiler and is used for pulverizing the cooled semicoke.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a gas inlet of the dry quenching device is communicated with a desorption gas outlet of the desorption gas separation device so as to cool the semicoke through the desorption gas; and a gas outlet of the dry quenching device is communicated with a desorption gas inlet of the boiler so as to introduce desorption gas for cooling the semicoke into the boiler.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, a gas inlet of the dry quenching device is communicated with a desorption gas outlet of the desorption gas separation device so as to cool the semicoke through the desorption gas; the coal slime warehouse is connected with a coal slime drying device, a gas outlet of the dry quenching device is communicated with the coal slime drying device so as to dry the coal slime through desorption gas after the semicoke is cooled.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the coal-fired power generation system further comprises a water supply line for supplying water required for producing water vapor; the dry quenching device comprises heat exchange equipment, the heat exchange equipment is communicated with a water supply pipeline, and the heat exchange equipment is used for transferring the heat of the semicoke in the dry quenching process to the water in the water supply pipeline so as to preheat the water in advance.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the coal slurry storage bin is connected with a coal slurry pulverizing device, and the coal slurry pulverizing device is used for preparing the coal slurry into coal slurry powder; the semicoke outlet of the semicoke separation device is communicated with the semicoke inlet of the boiler through a semicoke conveying pipeline, the coal slime powder outlet of the coal slime powder preparation device is communicated with the coal slime inlet of the boiler through a coal slime conveying pipeline, the desorption gas outlet of the desorption gas separation device is communicated with the desorption gas inlet of the boiler through a desorption gas conveying pipeline, and the desorption gas conveying pipeline is communicated with the semicoke conveying pipeline so that the desorption gas blows separated coke powder into the boiler, and/or the desorption gas conveying pipeline is communicated with the coal slime conveying pipeline so that the desorption gas blows crushed coal slime powder into the boiler.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a coal pyrolysis power generation coupling process, comprising:
washing raw coal to obtain clean coal and coal slime;
pyrolyzing clean coal, separating pyrolysis products to obtain semicoke and pyrolysis gas, and removing hydrogen in the pyrolysis gas to obtain desorption gas;
cooling the semicoke by a dry quenching process;
and feeding the cooled semicoke, coal slime and desorbed gas into a boiler for combustion so as to realize power generation.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the process further comprises: when the dry quenching process is adopted, the desorption gas is used for cooling the semicoke, the desorption gas after heat exchange is sent to a boiler for combustion, and/or the desorption gas after heat exchange is used for drying the coal slime.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the process further comprises: when the dry coke quenching process is adopted, the desorption gas is used for cooling the semicoke; collecting heat in the dry quenching process, preheating water in the combustion power generation process by using the heat, and then heating the preheated water into steam through boiler combustion.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the process further comprises: and (3) pulverizing the semicoke and the coal slime, and blowing the semicoke and/or the coal slime into the boiler by using the desorption gas.
The invention efficiently couples the modern coal chemical industry coal quality-divided pyrolysis technology with the traditional coal-fired power generation technology, takes the pyrolysis byproduct semi-coke, the desorption gas after hydrogen extraction without conversion of the pyrolysis gas and the solid waste coal slime after raw coal screening as raw materials, replaces fuel coal as energy supply raw materials to carry out combustion power generation, and has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The semicoke is used as a main energy supply raw material, has the characteristics of high calorific value, low ash and low sulfur, has better environmental protection index and economy when being combusted on a power station boiler, and is sent to the boiler for combustion and power generation after cooling a high-temperature semicoke product generated by coal pyrolysis through a dry quenching process, so that pyrolysis and power generation coupling are realized; (2) The pyrolysis gas product is fully utilized, and the high-activity components such as methane, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon gas and the like in the desorption gas obtained from the pyrolysis gas can effectively solve the problems of poor combustion performance, delayed combustion and reduced combustion efficiency caused by low semicoke volatile component compared with the raw coal; (3) The coal slime is used as solid waste, and is mixed with the semicoke to be used for combustion power generation, so that the resource utilization of waste is realized.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a first coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system;
FIG. 2 is a second coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system.
In the figure: 1. storing clean coal in a warehouse; 11. a clean coal drying device; 2. coal slurry storage; 20. a coal slurry delivery pipeline; 21. a coal slime drying device; 22. a coal slime pulverizing device; 3. a pyrolysis device; 41. a semicoke separation device; 42. a pyrolysis gas separation device; 43. a stripping gas separation device; 410. a semi-coke conveying pipeline; 430. a desorption gas delivery conduit; 5. a boiler; 6. a dry quenching device; 7. a semicoke pulverizing device; 8. a water supply pipeline.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted. Furthermore, the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of the invention and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Although relative terms, such as "upper" and "lower," may be used in this specification to describe one element of an icon relative to another, these terms are used in this specification for convenience only, e.g., in accordance with the orientation of the examples described in the figures. It will be appreciated that if the device of the icon were turned upside down, the element described as "upper" would become the element "lower". When a structure is "on" another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed with the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure via another structure.
The terms "a," "an," "the," "said," and "at least one" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements/components/parts/etc.; the terms "comprising" and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. other than the listed elements/components/etc.; the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. are used merely as labels, and are not limiting on the number of their objects.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system, which comprises a clean coal storage bin 1, a coal slime storage bin 2, a pyrolysis and separation system, a coal-fired power generation system and a dry quenching device 6, and is shown in the figures 1-2. Clean coal and coal slime are two main products that the raw coal obtained after the washing, and clean coal storage 1 is used for depositing the clean coal, and coal slime storage 2 is used for depositing the coal slime. The pyrolysis and separation system includes a pyrolysis device 3 for pyrolyzing clean coal, a semicoke separation device 41 for separating semicoke from pyrolysis products, a pyrolysis gas separation device 42 for separating pyrolysis gas from pyrolysis products, and a desorption gas separation device 43 for separating hydrogen from pyrolysis gas products. Coal-fired power generation system includes boiler 5, and boiler 5 includes the semicoke entry, desorbs gas entry and coal slime entry, and semicoke entry linkage semicoke separator 41 desorbs gas separator 43, and coal slime entry linkage coal slime warehouse 2, and boiler 5 is used for making semicoke, desorbs gas and coal slime burn jointly and generates electricity. The dry quenching device 6 is arranged between the semicoke separating device 41 and the boiler 5 and is used for cooling the semicoke and then sending the semicoke into the boiler.
In the embodiment, the semicoke is used as a main energy supply raw material, has the characteristics of high heat value, low ash and low sulfur, has better environmental protection index and economy when being combusted on a power station boiler, and is sent into the boiler for combustion power generation after cooling a high-temperature semicoke product generated by coal pyrolysis through a dry quenching process, thereby realizing the coupling of pyrolysis and power generation. On the other hand, the gas product of pyrolysis is fully utilized, and the high-activity components such as methane, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon gas and the like in the desorption gas obtained from the pyrolysis gas can effectively solve the problems of poor combustion performance, combustion delay and reduced combustion efficiency caused by low semicoke volatile components compared with the raw coal. In addition, the coal slime is used as solid waste, and is mixed with the semicoke to be used for combustion power generation, so that the resource utilization of waste is realized.
The coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system of the present embodiment will be described in further detail below.
The clean coal in the invention is coal which is obtained by washing and removing gangue and coal slime and can be used for pyrolysis, gasification and combustion power generation. The coal pyrolysis is a thermal conversion process in which coal is heated in a non-oxidizing atmosphere in a pyrolysis device 3 to generate a physicochemical reaction to form solid, gas and liquid products, and is a key step of coal thermal conversion processing. The raw material coal for coal pyrolysis according to the present invention is any coal that can be pyrolyzed to produce semicoke, and examples thereof include brown coal, long-flame coal, non-caking coal, and weakly caking coal. The solid product is semicoke generated by coal pyrolysis under low temperature (such as 500-900 ℃), the gas product is pyrolysis gas mainly comprising gases such as hydrogen, carbon dioxide, methane, carbon monoxide, nitrogen and the like, and the liquid is coal tar mainly comprising chain hydrocarbon and aromatic hydrocarbon.
The pyrolysis and separation system comprises a pyrolysis device 3, a semicoke separation device 41, a pyrolysis gas separation device 42 and a desorption gas separation device 43. Wherein the pyrolysis device 3 is used for providing a coal pyrolysis reaction site. The pyrolysis apparatus 3 may employ an apparatus commonly used for any pyrolysis technique, such as an entrained-flow pyrolysis technique, a fluidized-bed pyrolysis technique, a fixed-bed pyrolysis technique, and the like. After the pyrolysis reaction is finished, the pyrolysis products in three forms of solid, liquid and gas are sent out from the material outlet and enter a subsequent separation device.
The char separation device 41 is used to separate solid phase char from the pyrolysis products. Generally, due to the high temperature of the coal pyrolysis reaction, the coal tar generated by pyrolysis is initially mixed with pyrolysis gas in a vapor state, i.e., the residual material after removing semicoke is a gas-liquid mixed material. The char separation unit 41 may be any unit capable of separating char from pyrolysis products. In some embodiments, the char separation unit 41 employs a cyclone.
The pyrolysis gas separation device 42 is used for separating coal tar from gas-liquid mixed materials to obtain pure pyrolysis gas. The pyrolysis gas generally comprises a plurality of gases such as hydrogen, methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen and the like. The pyrolysis gas separation unit 42 may be any device capable of separating coal tar from a gas phase. In some embodiments, the pyrolysis gas separation device 42 employs a condenser or employs a filter bed.
The desorption gas separation device 43 is used for separating out hydrogen in the pyrolysis gas product to obtain desorption gas. The hydrogen in the pyrolysis gas can be used as the main component of the synthesis gas for preparing chemicals and can also be used for preparing oil products by hydrogenation of coal tar. Therefore, the hydrogen is separated out independently, the residual desorbed gas comprises various gases such as methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen and the like, and the gases are used as fuels, so that the combustion efficiency of the semicoke and the coal slime can be improved. Stripping gas separation device 43 may be any device capable of separating out hydrogen. In some embodiments, stripping gas separation device 43 employs a pressure swing adsorption device.
Coal-fired power generation systems typically consist of a combustion system, an electrical system, and the like. The combustion system takes a boiler as a core, and the coal or the semicoke is combusted to generate heat energy which is transferred to water so as to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam; the electrical system realizes the conversion from the heat energy and the mechanical energy of the steam into the electric energy.
In the embodiment of the invention, the boiler 5 comprises a semicoke inlet, a desorption gas inlet and a coal slurry inlet. The semicoke inlet of the boiler 5 is connected with a semicoke separating device 41, and the semicoke separated by the semicoke separating device 41 enters the boiler 5 from the semicoke inlet. The desorption gas inlet is connected with a desorption gas separating device 43, and the desorption gas separated by the desorption gas separating device 43 enters the boiler 5 from the desorption gas inlet. The coal slime entry linkage coal slime warehouse 2, the coal slime of coal slime warehouse 2 gets into boiler 5 from the coal slime entry.
It should be noted that the semicoke inlet, the desorption gas inlet and the coal slurry inlet may be different inlets or may be the same inlet, which is not specifically limited in the present invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, the dry quenching device 6 is arranged between the semicoke separating device 41 and the boiler 5, is a novel coke quenching process for cooling semicoke by directly contacting and exchanging heat between incandescent semicoke and circulating inert gas, and comprises a dry quenching furnace and inert gas circulating air.
Referring to FIG. 1, in one embodiment, the char is cooled using a stripping gas instead of an inert gas. Since the condensation process is usually employed in separating the coal tar from the pyrolysis gas, the pyrolysis gas temperature and, consequently, the stripping gas temperature, has been reduced. Therefore, the cold desorption gas can be directly used for dry quenching, the temperature of the semicoke can be reduced, and the use of inert gas is saved. As shown, the gas inlet of the dry quenching device 6 is in communication with the stripping gas outlet of the stripping gas separation device 42. The desorption gas enters the dry quenching furnace from a gas inlet of the dry quenching device 6 and directly contacts with the semicoke, thereby cooling the semicoke. The gas outlet of the dry quenching device 6 is communicated with the desorption gas inlet of the boiler 5, the temperature of the desorption gas is increased in the dry quenching process, and the thermal desorption gas from the gas outlet of the dry quenching device 6 is directly introduced into the boiler 5, so that the charging temperature of the fuel can be increased, the heating time can be shortened, and the energy consumption of the boiler 5 can be reduced. As shown in fig. 1, the stripping gas is divided into two paths in this embodiment, one path is used in the dry quenching process, and the other path is directly introduced into the boiler 5, which is not described herein again.
In this embodiment, the desorbed gas heated by dry quenching can also be used for drying coal slurry. As shown in figure 1, the coal slime warehouse 2 is connected with a coal slime drying device 21, a gas outlet of the dry quenching device 6 is communicated with the coal slime drying device 21, and the coal slime is dried by utilizing thermal desorption gas. In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, only part of the thermal desorption gas is used for drying the coal slime, and the rest of the thermal desorption gas directly enters the boiler 5 for blending combustion. In other embodiments, the entire thermal desorption gas may be used to dry the coal slurry and then the desorption gas may be recycled to the boiler.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2, the coupling system further comprises a semicoke pulverizing device 7, and the semicoke pulverizing device 7 is arranged between the dry quenching device 6 and the boiler 5 and is used for pulverizing the cooled semicoke so as to enable the semicoke burnt in the boiler to have a larger contact area and to be more fully combusted. The semicoke pulverizing device 7 can adopt a coal mill and other equipment. Of course, in other embodiments, the dry quenching device 6 may also be used to process crushed or lump coke without milling the semicoke.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and 2, the coal-fired power generation system further comprises a water supply line 8, and the water supply line 8 is used for supplying water required for producing water vapor. The dry quenching device 6 comprises heat exchange equipment which can be a cooling coil arranged on the outer wall of the dry quenching furnace or a water cooling wall arranged on the side wall of the dry quenching furnace. Heat exchange equipment and water supply pipe 8 intercommunication, when water in the water supply pipe 8 passes through cooling coil or water-cooling wall, will dry the heat of putting out the stove and take away and make the semicoke cooling, the water in the water supply pipe 8 obtains preheating, and when rethread boiler combustion heating produced vapor, can shorten the intensification time, improves heating efficiency.
The boiler 5 can be a pulverized coal furnace, a fluidized bed boiler and the like, and when the pulverized coal furnace is adopted, the particle size of fuel burnt in the furnace is required to be micron-sized, so that the semicoke pulverizing device 7 is required to make semicoke into micron-sized particles. The coal slurry storage bin 2 is also connected with a coal slurry pulverizing device 22, and the coal slurry pulverizing device 22 is used for preparing coal slurry into coal slurry powder so as to meet the requirements of a coal powder furnace. The powdery semicoke and the coal slime are mixed and burnt, the contact area with air is large, the combustion is more sufficient, and solid wastes such as ash, carbon residue and the like are reduced. As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the coke breeze and the coal slime powder can be blown into the boiler 5 through the same inlet by the conveying gas, that is, the semicoke inlet and the coal slime inlet are the same inlet.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, instead of the conveying gas, a stripping gas is used to blow the coke breeze and coal slurry powder into the boiler 5. As shown in fig. 1, the semicoke is conveyed through a semicoke conveying pipeline 410, the desorption gas is conveyed through a desorption gas conveying pipeline 430, and the coal slurry is conveyed through a coal slurry conveying pipeline 20. Desorption gas delivery conduit 430 is in communication with semi-coke delivery conduit 410, and desorption gas delivery conduit 430 is also in communication with coal slurry delivery conduit 20 to enable desorption gas to blow coke fines and coal slurry fines into boiler 5. The desorption gas is used as the conveying gas of the powdered coke and the coal slime powder, so that the use of the conveying gas can be saved, the desorption gas is fully utilized, and the coal slime powder and the powdered coke can be further preheated after the desorption gas is heated in the dry coke quenching process.
Furthermore, the coke breeze and the coal slime powder can be fully mixed in a mixer before being blown into the boiler 5, and then enter the boiler 5, so that the coke breeze, the coal slime powder and the desorption gas can be fully mixed in advance, and the combustion is more sufficient.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a coal pyrolysis power generation coupling process, which comprises the following steps:
step S100, washing raw coal to obtain clean coal and coal slime;
step S200, pyrolyzing clean coal, separating pyrolysis products to obtain semicoke and pyrolysis gas, and removing hydrogen in the pyrolysis gas to obtain desorption gas;
step S300, cooling the semi-coke through a dry quenching process;
and S400, feeding the cooled semicoke, coal slime and desorbed gas into a boiler for combustion so as to realize power generation.
The coal pyrolysis power generation coupling process of the present embodiment will be further specifically described below.
The washing in the above step S100 refers to a process of removing gangue or other impurities from coal. Generally, the separation is carried out by utilizing the difference of the physical properties of coal, gangue and coal slime, and the coal is separated from the gangue, the coal slime and the like in media with different densities or characteristics. The cleaned coal and coal slime obtained by washing are usually dried in a drying device before further utilization.
In the step S200, clean coal is first fed into the pyrolysis device 3 to be pyrolyzed, and after the pyrolysis reaction is completed, pyrolysis products in three forms of solid, liquid and gas enter a subsequent separation device. The solid phase char is first separated from the pyrolysis products by a char separation device 41. Secondly, the coal tar is separated from the gas-liquid mixture by the pyrolysis gas separation device 42 to obtain pure pyrolysis gas. Finally, the hydrogen in the pyrolysis gas product is separated by a desorption gas separation device 43 to obtain the desorption gas. The desorbed gas contains various gases such as methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen and the like, and the gases are used as fuel, so that the combustion efficiency of the semicoke and the coal slime can be improved.
In the step S300, since the temperature of the semicoke separated by pyrolysis is high, it is difficult for the existing pipeline to directly convey the high-temperature semicoke into the boiler, and therefore, the temperature of the semicoke needs to be directly reduced, for example, by a dry quenching process. In the embodiment, the temperature of the semicoke is reduced by using the desorption gas instead of the inert gas. In the embodiment, the temperature of the desorption gas is raised after the desorption gas is quenched by a dry method, and the desorption gas can be sent to a boiler for combustion and can also be used for drying coal slime. Of course, one part can enter the boiler, and the other part is used for drying the coal slurry.
In a specific embodiment, the cooled semicoke can be prepared into coke breeze, i.e., semicoke powder with micron-sized particle size, which can be used in various boiler types, such as pulverized coal furnaces, and can realize high-efficiency combustion due to the high contact area between the coke breeze and oxygen. In the embodiment, the desorption gas can be used for blowing the powdery semi-coke and/or coal slime into the boiler, so that the use of the conveying gas can be reduced.
In the step S400, the semicoke, the coal slime and the desorbed gas are fed into the boiler for combustion to realize power generation based on the principle that the fuel is combusted in the boiler to heat water into steam, the steam pressure pushes the steam turbine to rotate, and the steam turbine drives the generator to rotate, so that the mechanical energy is converted into electric energy. The combustion power generation system is generally composed of a combustion system, an electric system, and the like. The combustion system takes a boiler as a core, and burns coal or semicoke to generate heat energy to transfer water so as to generate high-temperature and high-pressure steam; the electrical system realizes the conversion from the heat energy and the mechanical energy of the steam into the electric energy.
In one embodiment, the heat of the char is collected during dry quenching, the heat is used to preheat water in a combustion power generation process, and the preheated water is then combusted and heated to steam by a boiler. Specifically, a cooling coil is arranged on the outer wall of the dry quenching furnace of the dry quenching device 6, or the side wall of the dry quenching furnace is arranged as a water-cooled wall. When water in the water supply pipeline 8 passes through the cooling coil or the water wall, the heat of the dry quenching furnace is taken away to cool the semi-coke, the water in the water supply pipeline 8 is preheated, and the water enters the boiler to be combusted and heated to generate steam.
For the above process, reference may be made to the description of the coupling system, and details thereof are not repeated herein. Note that, the step numbers of the present invention are used for convenience of description, and do not represent a limitation on the order of steps.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. A coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system, comprising:
a clean coal storage bin and a coal slime storage bin;
the pyrolysis and separation system comprises a pyrolysis device for pyrolyzing the clean coal, a semicoke separation device for separating semicoke from pyrolysis products, a pyrolysis gas separation device for separating pyrolysis gas from the pyrolysis products, and a desorption gas separation device for separating hydrogen from the pyrolysis gas products;
the coal-fired power generation system comprises a boiler, the boiler comprises a semicoke inlet, a desorption gas inlet and a coal slime inlet, the semicoke inlet is connected with the semicoke separation device, the desorption gas inlet is connected with the desorption gas separation device, the coal slime inlet is connected with the coal slime storage bin, and the boiler is used for enabling the semicoke, the desorption gas and the coal slime to be combusted together for power generation;
and the dry quenching device is arranged between the semicoke separation device and the boiler and is used for cooling the semicoke.
2. The coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system of claim 1, wherein a gas inlet of the dry quenching device is communicated with a desorption gas outlet of the desorption gas separation device so as to cool the semicoke through the desorption gas;
and a gas outlet of the dry quenching device is communicated with a desorption gas inlet of the boiler so as to introduce the desorption gas after the semicoke is cooled into the boiler.
3. The coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system of claim 1, wherein a gas inlet of the dry quenching device is communicated with a desorption gas outlet of the desorption gas separation device so as to cool the semicoke through the desorption gas;
the coal slime warehouse is connected with a coal slime drying device, a gas outlet of the dry quenching device is communicated with the coal slime drying device so as to dry the coal slime through desorption gas after the semicoke is cooled.
4. The coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system of claim 1, wherein the coal-fired power generation system further comprises a water supply line for providing water required for producing water vapor; the dry quenching device comprises heat exchange equipment, the heat exchange equipment is communicated with a water supply pipeline, and the heat exchange equipment is used for transferring the heat of the semicoke in the dry quenching process to the water in the water supply pipeline so as to preheat the water in advance.
5. The coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system of claim 2 or 3,
the coupling system also comprises a semicoke pulverizing device, and the semicoke pulverizing device is arranged between the dry quenching device and the boiler and is used for preparing the cooled semicoke into powder and then sending the powder into the boiler;
and a desorption gas outlet of the desorption gas separation device is communicated with a desorption gas inlet of the boiler through a desorption gas conveying pipeline, and the desorption gas conveying pipeline is communicated with the semicoke conveying pipeline so that the desorption gas blows coke powder into the boiler.
6. The coal pyrolysis power generation coupling system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the coal slurry storage bin is connected with a coal slurry pulverizing device, and the coal slurry pulverizing device is used for preparing the coal slurry into coal slurry powder; the coal slime powder outlet of the coal slime powder preparation device is communicated with the coal slime inlet of the boiler through a coal slime conveying pipeline, and the desorption gas conveying pipeline is communicated with the coal slime conveying pipeline, so that the desorption gas blows the pulverized coal slime powder into the boiler.
7. A coal pyrolysis power generation coupling process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
washing raw coal to obtain clean coal and coal slime;
pyrolyzing clean coal, separating pyrolysis products to obtain semicoke and pyrolysis gas, and removing hydrogen in the pyrolysis gas to obtain desorption gas;
cooling the semicoke by a dry quenching process;
and feeding the cooled semicoke, coal slime and desorbed gas into a boiler for combustion so as to realize power generation.
8. The coal pyrolysis power generation coupling process of claim 7, wherein the process further comprises:
when the dry coke quenching process is adopted, the desorption gas is used for cooling the semicoke, the desorption gas after heat exchange is sent to a boiler for combustion, and/or the desorption gas after heat exchange is used for drying the coal slime.
9. The coal pyrolysis power generation coupling process of claim 7, wherein the process further comprises:
when the dry coke quenching process is adopted, the desorption gas is used for cooling the semicoke;
collecting heat in the dry quenching process, preheating water in the combustion power generation process by using the heat, and then heating the preheated water into steam through boiler combustion.
10. The coal pyrolysis power generation coupling process of claim 7, wherein the process further comprises:
and (3) pulverizing the semicoke and the coal slime, and blowing the semicoke and/or the coal slime into the boiler by using the desorption gas.
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