CN115370289A

CN115370289A - Orientation device based on pressure or displacement adjusting direction

Info

Publication number: CN115370289A
Application number: CN202110538068.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 阮臣良; 程光明; 赵晨熙; 赵建军; 尹慧博; 谷磊
Original assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering
Current assignee: China Petroleum and Chemical Corp; Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering
Priority date: 2021-05-18
Filing date: 2021-05-18
Publication date: 2022-11-22

Abstract

The invention provides a directional device based on pressure or displacement adjusting direction, which comprises a shell, wherein a piston mechanism is arranged in the shell; the universal connector is arranged at the lower end of the shell and comprises an upper short section and a lower short section which are connected in a rotating mode, and central holes which are communicated with each other are formed in the middle parts of the upper short section and the lower short section; the steering sleeve is arranged at the lower end of the universal connector, and a bent pore passage is arranged in the steering sleeve; the piston mechanism is provided with a flange structure extending into the bent pore canal, the piston mechanism moves axially under the action of pressure or displacement, and the flange structure is matched with the bent pore canal to change the direction of the steering sleeve. The invention can deflect the tool in the underground according to the designed direction and angle by controlling the pumping pressure and the jet flow direction, thereby realizing the orientation of the underground tool.

Description

Orientation device based on pressure or displacement adjusting direction

Technical Field

The invention relates to a directional device for adjusting direction based on pressure or displacement, belonging to the technical field of drilling and completion.

Background

Modern oil drilling mostly adopts horizontal wells and directional wells. In the drilling process of the well, the drilling direction of a drill bit needs to be adjusted to change the track of the shaft, and finally the aim of matching with the designed track is achieved. The prior art requires the attachment of angled bent subs or bent screws in the drill string. During drilling, the direction of the elbow joint or the elbow screw rod in a shaft is adjusted by rotating the drill column on the ground, so that the drilling direction of the drill bit is adjusted, and the drilling track is controlled.

High pressure water jet drilling methods have been developed in recent years to create fine boreholes within a reservoir by high pressure jets through small diameter pipes. Due to size limitation, a bent joint or a bent screw cannot be installed on the small-diameter pipe, and in addition, the small-diameter pipe cannot be directly rotated through the ground without being continued to the ground, so that the adjustment of the drilling direction of the small-diameter pipe cannot be realized through the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a directional device for adjusting the direction based on pressure or displacement, which enables a tool to deflect at a designed direction and angle in a well by controlling pumping pressure so as to realize the directional of the downhole tool.

The invention provides a directional device for adjusting direction based on pressure or displacement, which comprises:

the piston mechanism is arranged in the shell;

the universal connector is arranged at the lower end of the shell and comprises an upper short section and a lower short section which are connected in a rotating mode, and central holes which are communicated with each other are formed in the middle parts of the upper short section and the lower short section;

the steering sleeve is arranged at the lower end of the universal connector, and a bent pore passage is arranged in the steering sleeve;

the piston mechanism is provided with a flange structure extending into the bent pore canal, the piston mechanism moves axially under the action of pressure or displacement, and the flange structure is matched with the bent pore canal to change the direction of the steering sleeve.

The invention is further improved in that the piston mechanism comprises a piston which is arranged in the shell in a sliding mode, a tubular direction adjusting mandrel is fixedly arranged in the middle of the piston, and the end portion of the direction adjusting mandrel extends into the steering sleeve and is fixedly provided with the flange structure.

The invention is further improved in that a cavity for the piston to slide is arranged in the shell, a deflection-preventing boss is arranged at the lower end of the shell, and an inner hole matched with the direction-adjusting mandrel is arranged in the middle of the deflection-preventing boss.

The invention is further improved in that a return spring is arranged between the piston and the deflection-preventing boss, and a pressure transmission hole is arranged on the side surface of the lower part of the shell along the radial direction.

In a further development of the invention, the inner bore is square, hexagonal or otherwise non-rotatable about an axis; the shape of the section of the direction-adjusting mandrel is matched with the shape of the inner hole.

The invention is further improved in that the curved duct is a broken line type duct, which comprises a plurality of duct sections inclined towards different directions, and the aperture of each duct section is matched with the flange structure.

In a further development of the invention, the curved bore is a spiral bore.

A further improvement of the invention is that the outer surface of the flange structure is provided with a friction reducing lubricious coating.

The invention has the further improvement that the upper short section is of a cylindrical structure, and the lower part of the upper short section is provided with a circular steering groove; and the upper part of the lower short section is provided with a round steering ball which is clamped in the steering groove and can rotate in the steering groove.

A further development of the invention is that the top of the steering sleeve is provided with a nozzle.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

the invention discloses a pressure or displacement control jet flow-based orienting device, which can deflect a tool in a downhole according to a designed direction and angle by controlling pumping pressure so as to orient the downhole tool. The steering sleeve and the shell are connected through a universal connector, and can keep coaxial and also generate a certain included angle; the piston is driven by hydraulic pressure and is provided with a return spring, and the piston can keep balance at a set position under the action of hydraulic pressure and the action of the return spring.

The steering sleeve is internally provided with a plane or space curve-shaped bent duct, and the geometric center of the section of the bent duct generates set offset relative to the axis of the steering sleeve at different positions. The steering mandrel is driven by the driving piston to move along the axis of the shell, and the flange structure of the steering mandrel is matched with the curved bend in the steering sleeve. The steering mandrel and the curved curve are controlled to be matched at different positions through pressure or displacement, so that the steering sleeve generates a corresponding deflection angle relative to the shell, and further the orientation of the downhole tool is realized.

Drawings

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pressure or displacement based direction adjustment orientation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a piston mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a housing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a steering sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a gimbal connector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a direction-adjusting device based on pressure or displacement according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the orientation state of one direction;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a directional device for adjusting a direction based on pressure or displacement according to an embodiment of the present invention, which shows a directional state in another direction.

In the drawings, like parts are designated with like reference numerals. The figures are not drawn to scale.

The meaning of the reference symbols in the figures is as follows: 1. the universal connector comprises a shell, 2, a piston mechanism, 3, a universal connector, 4, a steering sleeve, 11, a cavity, 12, a deflection-preventing boss, 13, an inner hole, 14, a pressure transmission hole, 21, a piston, 22, a direction-adjusting mandrel, 23, a flange structure, 24, a sealing element, 25, a return spring, 31, an upper short section, 32, a lower short section, 33, a steering ball, 34, a central hole, 41, a bent duct, 42, a nozzle, 43 and connecting threads.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, and not an exhaustive list of all embodiments. And the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

Fig. 1 schematically shows a pressure or displacement based direction adjustment orienting device according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising a housing 1. The housing 1 is of a cylindrical structure, the inside thereof is a cavity, and a piston mechanism 2 is disposed in the cavity. The piston means 2 is movable within the housing 1 driven by pressure or displacement. The lower end of the housing 1 is provided with a universal connector 3, and the universal connector 3 comprises an upper short section 31 and a lower short section 32. The upper short section 31 is used for connecting a drill pipe above, the lower short section 32 is used for connecting a flow guide device below, and the upper short section 31 and the lower short section 32 are rotatably connected. The centers of the upper short section 31 and the lower short section 32 are both provided with center holes 34 which are communicated with each other, and the two center holes 34 are always communicated in the rotating process of the upper short section 31 and the lower short section 32. The lower end of the universal connector 3 is provided with a steering sleeve 4, and a curved pore passage 41 is arranged in the steering sleeve 4.

When the orienting device based on the pressure or displacement adjusting direction according to the embodiment is used, the flange structure 23 extending into the curved duct 41 is arranged on the piston mechanism 2, and the piston mechanism 2 moves in the axial direction under the action of pressure or displacement, and the piston mechanism 2 only moves in the axial direction and does not bend or deflect. During the movement of the piston 21, the flange structure 23 is axially stretched and retracted to cooperate with the different positions of the curved bore 41, thereby driving the edges of the curved bore 41 in position and angle, and thus the direction of the end of the steering sleeve 4.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the piston mechanism 2 comprises a piston 21 slidably disposed in the housing 1, and the piston 21 has a cylindrical structure with an edge sealingly and slidably connected with the cavity 11 in the housing 1. A tubular direction-adjusting mandrel 22 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the piston 21, the direction-adjusting mandrel 22 is a hollow structure, and the end part of the direction-adjusting mandrel 22 extends into the steering sleeve 4 and is fixedly provided with the flange structure 23.

In the orienting device based on the pressure or displacement adjusting direction according to the present embodiment, the middle of the steering spindle 22 is a hollow structure, and fluid can flow through the hollow structure. The inner diameter of the hollow structure in the middle of the direction-adjusting mandrel 22 is smaller than the inner diameter of the housing 1, so that a pressure difference surface is formed on the upper end surface of the piston 21, pressure in the housing 1 applies pressure to the upper end surface of the piston 21, and the piston 21 moves downward in the axial direction under the action of the pressure. The flange structure 23 has an outer diameter larger than the rest of the steering spindle 22, so that the curved bore 41 does not interfere with the rest of the steering spindle 22 after the steering sleeve 4 is deflected.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a cavity 11 for sliding the piston 21 is provided inside the housing 1, a deflection-preventing boss 12 is provided at a lower end of the housing 1, and an inner hole 13 matched with the steering spindle 22 is provided at a middle portion of the deflection-preventing boss 12. The anti-deflection boss 12 is of an annular structure, and an inner hole 13 in the middle of the anti-deflection boss is the same as the mandrel in shape and is sleeved outside the mandrel. The mandrel is able to telescope along the bore 13 during movement of the piston 21.

In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a return spring 25 is disposed between the piston 21 and the anti-deflection boss 12, and a pressure transfer hole 14 is radially disposed at a side surface of a lower portion of the housing 1. The piston 21 can be balanced in the set position by hydraulic pressure and the force of the return spring 25.

When the device according to the embodiment is assembled, the relationship between the pressure and the compression amount of the return spring 25 is obtained by setting the rigidity of the spring, and the shape of the complete pore canal is designed so as to meet the directional function.

In one embodiment, the inner bore 13 is square, hexagonal, or other non-rotatable about an axis; the section of the direction adjusting mandrel 22 is also square, hexagonal or other shapes which cannot rotate around the axis, so that the shape of the direction adjusting mandrel 22 is matched with that of the inner hole 13, and the direction adjusting mandrel 22 is ensured not to rotate or deflect in the process of moving along the axial direction.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the curved duct 41 is a zigzag duct, which includes a plurality of duct segments inclined in different directions, and the aperture of each duct segment matches with the aperture of the flange structure 23.

In another embodiment, the curved channels 41 are spiral channels.

In the device according to the present embodiment, the curved duct 41 is a spatially curved duct 41, and is not necessarily curved in one plane as represented in fig. 1, but a variation of the spatial angle may be achieved. The distance from a point A on the central line of the curved pore passage 41 to the end surface is X1, and the distance from the point A to the axis of the steering sleeve 4 is L1; the point B is at a distance X2 from the end face and at a distance L2 from the axis of the steering sleeve 4. By designing the axis of the curved bore 41, deflection of the axial displacement corresponding to different orientations and different angles can be achieved.

In one embodiment, the outer surface of the flange structure 23 is provided with a friction reducing lubricious coating. The smooth coating is made of materials such as metal copper, polytetrafluoroethylene and the like. The flange structure 23 reduces the friction by providing a coating, and the flange structure 23 slides more smoothly in the curved bore 41 when the guiding mandrel is extended or retracted.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the upper short section 31 is a cylindrical structure, and a circular turning groove is arranged at the lower part of the upper short section; the upper part of the lower short section 32 is provided with a round steering ball 33, and the steering ball 33 is clamped in the steering groove and can rotate in the steering groove.

By means of the device according to the present embodiment, the universal connector 3 can rotate around a central point, in this embodiment, a ball-end universal connector 3, and other types of universal connectors 3, such as bellows, can also be used.

In one embodiment, the top of the steering sleeve 4 is provided with a nozzle 42. The steering sleeve 4 is provided at both ends with connecting threads 43, one end being connected to the universal connector 3 and the other end being connected to the nozzle 42.

In the course of using the device according to the present embodiment, the magnitude of the pressure (or displacement) introduced in the housing 1 is determined in relation to the deflection direction of the steering sleeve 4, depending on the structure of the curved bore 41 and the spring force of the return spring 25. When the pressure or the displacement of the fluid in the housing 1 reaches a certain value, the piston 21 is driven by the pressure to overcome the elastic force of the return spring 25 to drive the mandrel to move downwards. The flange structure 23 and the curved bore 41 are matched and slide in the process of downward movement of the mandrel, and the universal connector 3 rotates due to the fact that the center of the flange structure 23 is overlapped with the center of the curved bore 41, and therefore the angle of the steering sleeve 4 is changed.

The fluid discharge capacity in the tool is improved, and due to the throttling effect of the inner hole 13 of the direction adjusting mandrel 22, the pressure above the driving piston 21 is increased, and the direction adjusting mandrel 22 is driven to move downwards to compress the spring, so that a new balance position is achieved. The centre of the flange structure 23 now coincides with point a of the steering sleeve 4 and the axis of the steering sleeve 4 is offset at an angle a to the axis of the steering spindle 22, as shown in figure 6.

The fluid displacement in the tool is further improved, and due to the throttling effect of the inner hole 13 of the direction adjusting mandrel 22, the pressure above the driving piston 21 is increased, and the direction adjusting mandrel 22 is driven to move downwards to compress the spring, so that a new balance position is achieved. The center of the flange structure 23 now coincides with point B of the steering sleeve 4, and the axis of the steering sleeve 4 is offset by an angle β with respect to the axis of the steering spindle 22, as shown in fig. 7.

The relation between the pressure and the compression amount of the return spring 25 is obtained by designing the rigidity of the spring; the curved structure of the curved hole 41 is designed to make the center point of the cross section of the curved hole at a specific position X in the axial direction of the steering sleeve 4 offset by a specific distance L along the axial direction of the steering sleeve 4. Through the design, the relation between the pressure and the deflection angle and the direction of the steering sleeve 4 relative to the shell 1 can be established, and the drilling track can be adjusted according to the pressure or the displacement.

The fluid displacement in the tool is reduced, the pressure above the driving piston 21 is reduced, the return spring 25 pushes the driving piston 21 to move upwards, and the directional system gradually returns to a straight state.

While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include preferred embodiments and all such changes and/or modifications as fall within the scope of the invention, and all such changes and/or modifications as are made to the embodiments of the present invention are intended to be covered by the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A pressure or displacement based direction adjustment orienting device, comprising:

the piston mechanism comprises a shell (1), wherein a piston mechanism (2) is arranged in the shell (1);

the universal connector (3) is arranged at the lower end of the shell (1), the universal connector (3) comprises an upper short section (31) and a lower short section (32) which are connected in a rotating mode, and center holes (34) which are communicated with each other are formed in the middles of the upper short section (31) and the lower short section (32);

the steering sleeve (4) is arranged at the lower end of the universal connector (3), and a curved pore channel (41) is arranged in the steering sleeve (4);

the piston mechanism (2) is provided with a flange structure (23) extending into the curved hole (41), the piston mechanism (2) moves axially under the action of pressure or displacement, and the flange structure (23) is matched with the curved hole (41) to change the direction of the steering sleeve (4).

2. A pressure or displacement direction adjustment based orientation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the piston mechanism (2) comprises a piston (21) slidably arranged in the housing (1), a tubular steering spindle (22) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the piston (21), and the end of the steering spindle (22) extends into the steering sleeve (4) and is fixedly arranged with the flange structure (23).

3. The orientation device based on pressure or displacement adjusting direction according to claim 2, characterized in that the housing (1) is provided with a cavity (11) for the piston (21) to slide in, the lower end of the housing (1) is provided with a deflection-preventing boss (12), and the middle of the deflection-preventing boss (12) is provided with an inner hole (13) matched with the direction-adjusting mandrel (22).

4. A pressure or displacement direction regulating based orientation device according to claim 3, characterized in that a return spring (25) is arranged between the piston (21) and the anti-deflection boss (12), and the lower side of the housing (1) is provided with pressure transfer holes (14) in radial direction.

5. A pressure or displacement direction adjustment based orientation device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the inner bore (13) is square, hexagonal or other non-rotatable shape around an axis; the shape of the cross section of the direction-adjusting mandrel (22) is matched with the shape of the inner hole (13).

6. A pressure or displacement direction adjustment based orientation device according to any of the claims 1-5, characterized in that the curved port (41) is a dogleg type port comprising a number of port segments inclined in different directions, the bore diameter of each port segment matching the flange structure (23).

7. A pressure or displacement direction adjustment based orientation device according to claim 6, characterized in that the curved bore (41) is a spiral bore.

8. A pressure or displacement direction adjustment based orientation device according to claim 6, wherein the outer surface of the flange structure (23) is provided with a friction reducing lubricious coating.

9. A pressure or displacement control jet-based steering device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the upper nipple (31) is a cylindrical structure, the lower part of which is provided with a circular steering groove; the upper part of the lower short section (32) is provided with a round steering ball (33), and the steering ball (33) is clamped in the steering groove and can rotate in the steering groove.

10. A pressure or displacement control jet based steering device according to claim 9, characterized in that the top of the steering sleeve (4) is provided with a nozzle (42).